定語從句詳細講解+解題方法(超值精品)

Lesson1Lesson1定語從句一般定語與定語從句的比較1Thisisagirl.Thisisafashionablegirl.ThisisagirlwhoisasfashionableasLadyGaga.一般定語與定語從句的比較練習(xí)：體會一下定語從句的魅力Beautyisthedropofrainthatkeepsthehumanspiritformdeathbydraught.Beautyisasilentrefreshmentthatweperhapsdonotthinkaboutbutwhichgoesonallthetime.Beautyisthesmileontheearth’sface,whichisopentoallandneedsbuttheeyestosee,moodtounderstand.美如雨露般滋潤著我們干涸的心田。美悄然而來，在我們不經(jīng)意間蕩滌塵寰，延綿不斷。美是大地的笑容，人人得以享受。只要我們用眼去捕捉，用心去感受。定語從句兩大要害：先行詞?關(guān)系詞定語從句兩大要害：先行詞?關(guān)系詞2先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞、代詞。Shethrewawayhernewdress

whichsheboughtyesterday.關(guān)系詞：連接先行詞和定語從句的橋梁；并在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分(經(jīng)紀(jì)人的角色)Idon’tlikethepeople

whoneverkeeptheirwords.定語從句兩大要害：先行詞?關(guān)系詞定語從句的解題思路3找詞成分選詞<1>找先行詞定語從句的解題思路先行詞的分類：A.先行詞是一個詞Thebeautyofawomanisnotintheclothes

thatshewears,thefigurethatshecarries,orthewayshecombsherhair.Thebeautyofawomanmustbeseenfrominhereyes,becausethatisthedoorwaytoherhearttheplacewhereloveresides.

--AudreyHepburn女人的美，不是來自于她所穿的衣服，或她的身材，或她梳頭的樣子。而是來自于她的眼睛，因為透過眼鏡，我們能看到她的心靈，一個充滿愛心的所在。定語從句的解題思路先行詞的分類：B.先行詞是一個完整的句子Ibecameasinglemotherovernight,whichisnothinglikebecomingfamousovernight.我一夜之間成了單親媽媽，這跟一夜成名可完全不同。練習(xí)：翻譯我女朋友喜歡和別的男生跳舞，這一點讓我很是抓狂。Mygirlfriendlikesdancingwithotherguys,whichreallydrivesmecrazy.定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：一般緊跟關(guān)系詞Thereisthisdifferencebetweenhappinessandwisdom:theperson

whothinkshimselfthehappiestmanreallyisso;buttheperson

whothinkshimselfthewisestisgenerallythegreatestfool.It’shardtohaveafriend

whoyoucantrustcompletely.定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：練習(xí)：找到先行詞TherearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelfwhichBenbenhasadvisedustoread.TherearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelfwhichBenbenhasadvisedustoread.定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：但是有時候先行詞也會跟關(guān)系詞骨肉分離定語從句的解題思路如何找到先行詞(1)看定語從句的含義來(把先行詞放到定語從句中去，翻譯一下，看看是否合乎邏輯)(2)看定語從句的謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)(確定、佐證)定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：練習(xí)：I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.【2010年湖南卷】a.whob.wherec.whend.which【a.who;先行詞是students】

定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：練習(xí)：Aftermytalkwiththeprofessor,_____wasshortbutrewarding,IhadanewoutlookontheproblemIwasfacing.a.whob.thatc.itd.which【d.which;先行詞是talk】

定語從句的解題思路先行詞的位置：練習(xí)：找到先行詞Themineralelementsfromthesoilthatareusablebytheplantmustbedissolved

(brokendown)inthesoilsolution(mixture)beforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.【考研真題】Themineralelementsfromthesoilthat

are

usablebytheplantmustbedissolvedinthesoilsolutionbeforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.定語從句的解題思路如何找到先行詞練習(xí)：找到先行詞Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneralmakelifeevenmorestressfulforthepost-80s.【CET-6】Forexample,changes

intheeconomythat

leadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneralmakelifeevenmorestressfulforthepost-80s.定語從句的解題思路找詞成分選詞<2>成分看看定語從句中是否缺少主語、賓語。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,whichmadetheothersenvyhimalot.Myfavoriteseasonisspring,whentheearthseemsbornagain.定語從句的解題思路找詞成分選詞<3>選關(guān)系詞從句中缺少主語、賓語，選：Who,whom,which,that從句中不缺少主語、賓語，選：Whose,when,why,where定語從句的解題思路定語從句的關(guān)系代詞4先行詞是“人”：who,whom,thatAngerisathiefwho/that

stealsawaythenicemomentsinourlife.先行詞是“物”：which,thatAngerisawindwhich/that

blowsoutthelampofthemind.定語從句的關(guān)系代詞4.1who/whom指代“人”例句：Friendshipisaverydifficultthing.Itishardtohandle.Itcreatesmanydifferentproblems.InfactIwouldsaythatfriendshipisashardtohandleasloveis,orevenmarriage.OfcourseIamnottalkingabouteasy-come-easy-gofriendship.I’mtalkingaboutfriendswhocaredeeplyabouteachother,whosupporteachother,whomakelifeworthliving.I’mtalkingaboutfriendswhomyoucansharealmosteverythingwith.定語從句的關(guān)系代詞WhoorWhom?<1>WHO前面不能直接加介詞I’mtalkingaboutfriendswho(m)

youcansharealmosteverythingwith.

可以改寫成：I’mtalkingaboutfriendswithwhomyoucansharealmosteverything.就不能改寫成：I’mtalkingaboutfriendswithwhoyoucansharealmosteverything.

(錯)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞WhoorWhom?<2>WHOM在定語從句中不能作主語，但可以作賓語或者表語。Heisnolongthemanwho/whomhewasthreeyearsago.【注意】作表語，who/whom均可定語從句的關(guān)系代詞4.2which/that指代“物”兩者有何區(qū)別？定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?A.用that不用which(1).當(dāng)先行詞中有人有物時SisterFengandhermake-upthatstartlesusalotisverypopularontheinternet.Heandhisfamily____Ilikeverymuchareheretoday,too.[that/who/whom]定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?A.用that不用which(2).先行詞是“所有，沒有；很多、很少；四個東西(thing)；序數(shù)；最高；最后；恰好”(指“物”)或被這些詞修飾的時候定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?A.用that不用which所有：all沒有：none很多：many，much很少：few，little四個東西(thing)：something，anything，nothing，everything；(包括some，any，no，every)序數(shù)：thefirst,thefifth…最高：thebest,themostoutstanding…最后：thelast恰好：thevery,theright,theone,theonly定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?B.用which不用that(3).that不用在非限定性定語從句中Ibecameasinglemotherovernight,whichisnothinglikebecomingfamousovernight.我一夜之間成了單親媽媽，這跟一夜成名可完全不同。定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?B.用which不用that(4).that不直接跟在介詞后Theworldinwhichweliveismadeupofmatters.=Theworldthat/whichweliveinismadeupofmatters.≠Theworldinthatweliveismadeupofmatters.

(錯)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞ThatorWhich?B.用which不用that(5).當(dāng)先行詞本身就是代詞that時-Whichdressdoyoulikebetter?-Ipreferthat(one)whichissounique.Perhapsitishumantoappreciatelittlethatwhichwehaveandtolongforthatwhichwehavenot.或許，“不惜已獲，貪求不得”是人類共同的弱點吧。定語從句的關(guān)系代詞4.4whose，表示“人”或“物”所有關(guān)系一般滿足A__B的形式，符合“A的B”含義。WhenIlookedthroughthewindow,Isawagirlwhosebeautytookmybreathaway.練習(xí)：填空Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.a.whoseb.whichc.ofwhichd.that【福建高考題】【a.;想想c為什么不行】定語從句的關(guān)系代詞4.4whose，表示“人”或“物”所有關(guān)系一般滿足A__B的形式，符合“A的B”含義。練習(xí)：填空Thegentleman,_____officeIonceworked,isaverythoughtfulboss.a.inhisb.whosec.ofwhomthed.inwhose【d.;想想b為什么不行】定語從句的關(guān)系代詞定語從句的關(guān)系副詞55.1when，先行詞必須是表示時間的名詞Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbesobusy.Therewas_____time_____Ihatetogotoschool.【湖北高考】a.a;thatb.a;whenc.the;thatd.the;when【b.】

定語從句的關(guān)系副詞5.2why先行詞必須是表示原因的名詞，如reason，cause等OnlineshoppingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Thetwomajorreasons

whyitissopopularareitsconvenienceanditscompetitiveprice.定語從句的關(guān)系副詞5.3whereWhere的先行詞一般是地點名詞A:Sinceyouworkinthetheater,can’tyougetmeafreeticketnowandthen?B:Certainlyifyoubringmeafewnotesnowandthenfromthebank

whereyouwork!定語從句的關(guān)系副詞5.3where先行詞可以是含有地點意義的其他各種名詞（通常是抽象名詞，dream，case，situation，point等），把where譯成“在……中/下/里”【考試重點】Annie:Youknowthatdream

whereIfinallymetLadyGagaonthestageandsangwithher?Thatwasfantastic!Becky:Ibetitwas.定語從句的關(guān)系副詞5.3where練習(xí)：We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.【山東高考】a.whereb.thatc.whend.which【a】定語從句的關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系詞練習(xí)集錦6Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.a.whob.thatc.asd.which【2010全國】

【b.】Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_____dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.a.whatb.whosec.whichd.that

【2010北京高考】【b.】-CanyoubelieveIhadtopay$30forahaircut?-Youshouldtrythebarber’s_____Igo.It’sonly$15.【2010天津高考】a.asb.whichc.whered.that

【c.】InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing_____developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.【2010重慶高考】

a.whereb.whichc.whosed.that

【c.】關(guān)系詞練習(xí)集錦Shebroughtwithherfriends,noneof_____Ihadevermetbefore.a.themb.whoc.whomd.these【2010全國】

【c.】Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?a.heexplainedb.whatheexplainedc.howheexplainedd.whyheexplained

【上海高考】【a.】-Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?-Yes,there’sonepoint_____Imustinsiston.【江西高考】a.whyb.whichc.whered.how【b.】關(guān)系詞練習(xí)集錦Thehours_____thechildrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipswithreal-lifepeople.a.whenb.onwhichc.thatd.inwhich【2000年CET4】【c】Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,_____usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.a.itb.whichc.whod.where【07浙江高考】

【b】關(guān)系詞練習(xí)集錦限定性、非限定性定語從句7兩者的區(qū)別：形式上：有無“，”逗號Thefoodwhichwasn’tinthefridgeallwentbad.Thefood,whichwasn’tinthefridge,allwentbad.意義上：翻譯的方法限定性、非限定性定語從句【注意】翻譯的方法：限定性定語從句一般翻譯成“……的”非限定性定語從句往往另起一句來翻譯限定性、非限定性定語從句分析比較<1>Thefoodwhichwasn’tinthefridgeallwentbad.沒有放在冰箱里的食物都壞了。Thefood,whichwasn’tinthefridge,allwentbad.食物都壞了，因為沒有放在冰箱里。限定性、非限定性定語從句分析比較練習(xí)Thecabdriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad.知道那里堵車的計程車司機換了另一條道。Thecabdrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.計程車司機因為知道那里塞車了，他們都換了另一條道。限定性、非限定性定語從句特殊關(guān)系代詞88.1as可用于限定性和非限定性定語從句在非限定性定語從句中特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as(1)as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句可放在句首。as可先于先行詞，出現(xiàn)在句首。先行詞通常是整個主句。(大牌經(jīng)紀(jì)人)Asissooftenpointedout,knowledgeistwo-edgeweaponwhichcanbeequallyforgoodorevil.特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as(2)as引導(dǎo)的非限制定語從句可放在句中as的先行詞依然是主句。which的先行詞必須出現(xiàn)在其前面。

Malanshan,as/which

weallknow,hasonlyoneindustry——HunanTVStation.眾所周知，馬欄山只有一個產(chǎn)業(yè)，即湖南衛(wèi)視。(as引導(dǎo)時)馬欄山是個眾所周知的地方，這里只有一個產(chǎn)業(yè)，即湖南衛(wèi)視。(which引導(dǎo)時)特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as(2)as引導(dǎo)的非限制定語從句可放在句中可以用which么？為什么？Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingtrendtowardsOtakuwhichactuallyisnotsogoodinthelongrun.特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as(3)as引導(dǎo)的非限制定語從句可以放在句末Which也可以這樣。二者有何區(qū)別？當(dāng)主句和從句在內(nèi)容上一致時，通常用as；

若從句的內(nèi)容對主句的內(nèi)容起反對、排斥、否定等作用時，則多用which。

特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as(3)as引導(dǎo)的非限制定語從句可以放在句末<1>Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,which

wasunexpected.

<2>Sheisverycareful,as

herworkshows.Theyoungmancheatedhisfriendofmuchmoney,which

wasdisgraceful.特殊關(guān)系代詞8.1as在限定性定語從句中只能用在由such,thesame,as修飾的先行詞的后面。<1>Heisnotsuchamanaswouldleavehisworkhalfdone.<2>Hetriedtomakeasfewmistakesashecouldavoid.【溫馨提示】：如果few前沒有as?意思？特殊關(guān)系代詞8.2thanthan在引導(dǎo)的定語從句中做主語和賓語先行詞需有形容詞的比較級修飾

Theboyhaseatenmorefoodthanisgoodforhishealth.Nevergivehimmoremoneythanisnecessary.

特殊關(guān)系代詞8.2than如何理解：把比較級直接改成the，再把than改成that。再把比較級的含義加進去。Theboyhaseatenmorefoodthanisgoodforhishealth.(Theboyhaseatenthefoodthatisgoodforhishealth.“more”表示超出健康需要的食物)Nevergivehimmoremoneythanisnecessary.

(Nevergivehimthemoneythatisnecessary.“more”表示超出他需要的錢)特殊關(guān)系代詞8.2than練習(xí)：翻譯Therearemoredemandsthancanbesatisfied.需求難以滿足。特殊關(guān)系代詞8.3butbut相當(dāng)于that…not。形式上是肯定，意義上是否定。but所指代的先行詞往往會被一個否定詞修飾。but可指代人和物

特殊關(guān)系代詞8.3but例句<1>Thereareveryfewpeopleinthisclubbutheknows.=Thereareveryfewpeopleinthisclubwhohedoesn’tknow.那家俱樂部里的人他幾乎都認識。練習(xí)：翻譯沒有人不會犯錯。(thereis…)Thereisnomanbuterrs.=Thereisnomanwhodoesn’terr.特殊關(guān)系代詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞9什么時候不加？什么時候必須加？加什么介詞？介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.1看從句<1>看從句中的動詞Thegoalsfor

whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.【CET6】[溫馨提示]構(gòu)成fightfor短語介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.1看從句<1>看從句中的動詞Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_____wemayreturn

inthefuture.【上海高考】a.onwhichb.bywhichc.towhichd.fromwhich【c.】介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.1看從句<2>看從句中的形容詞形容詞跟介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配。Hereferredmetosomereferencebookswith

whichIam

notveryfamiliar.介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.2看先行詞介詞與先行詞構(gòu)成固定搭配。Thespeedatwhichananimallivesisdeterminedbymeasuringtherateat

whichitusesoxygen.【CET4】【溫馨提示】atthespeed/rate，表示“以……的速度/速率”。介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.3看句義【絶看】第三看，看整句話的意思。Thefoundationofhappylifeisourhealth,_______nothingmakessense.a.bywhichb.forwhichc.onwhichd.withoutwhich【d】介詞+關(guān)系代詞獨門秘籍?三看：9.3看句義【絶看】Therearethingsyouwouldlovetohearbutyouwillneverhearitfrompersonfrom

whomyouwouldliketohearit,butdon’tbedeaftohearitfromthepersonwhosaysitwithheart.有些話你很想聽到，然而卻無法從你希望的那個人口中聽到。但如果有其他人用心對你說出了那些話，不要對它充耳不聞。介詞+關(guān)系代詞Justingaveawell-boundbooktome______thepricetookmybreathaway.a.fromwhichb.towhichc.ofwhichd.whose【c】

Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_____theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.【07年山東】a.whenb.duringwhichc.fromthend.sincewhen

【d】Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_____hewentontoBeijingUniversity.