高中英語北師大版Uint1Lifestyles（全國一等獎）

單元綜合測評(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)AAccordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary，theterm“couchpotato”firstappearedinprintinaDecember1979editionoftheLosAngelesthen，ithasbecomeafamiliartermforapersonwhospendsalotoftimesitting，andlittletimetheredoesnotseemtobeanyparticularreasonwhytheterm“couchpotato”isusedratherthan“couchtomato”，apersonmaybecomea“couchpotato”becauselivingthiswayissaidtomakeyouroundlikeatermisalsosaidtohavesomethingtodowiththeconnectionofpotatoeswithhigh-calorie(卡路里)foodlikepotatochips.Peoplenowwouldsay“couchpotato”whenevertheytalkaboutoverweightandobesity(肥胖)．Indeed,“couchpotatoes”arebelievedtoriskheartdisease，whichcanbeavoidedbyregularexercise.Itistruethattechnologyandmodernlifeingeneralmakesussick，fat，lazyandphysically/mentallymoretimepeoplespendusingtechnology，particularlytelevisionsandcomputers，thelesstimetheywillspendbeingphysicallyactive.“Couchpotato”kidsareaparticularreportsrepeatedlyclaimthatchildrentodayarefatterthantheireldergenerations，butlessathleticallyskilled，lessinterestedinphysicalactivityandmoreaddicted(上癮的)to“junkfood”andtechnologysuchastelevisionandmessageisclear：today'schildrenarefatbecausetheyarelazyandeattoo，becausetechnologyisbecomingmoresophisticated(復(fù)雜的)，childrenarelessabletoresist(抵抗，忍得住)technology'sattraction，andaremorelikelytospendmoretimeusingtechnology，lesstimedoingphysicalactivityand，therefore，morelikelytobefat.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了“couchpotato”的由來、危害及預(yù)防。1．Thefirstparagraphismainlytalkingabout．A．why“couchpotato”isusedasatermforapersonB．when“couchpotato”isusedasatermforapersonC．how“couchpotato”isdifferentfrom“couchtomato”D．whatkindofpersonlookslikeapotato【解析】主旨大意題。第一段主要是談?wù)揷ouchpotato的由來，即它用來指某一類人的原因。【答案】A2．Thedevelopmentoftechnologyalsomakesussickbecausebyusingtechnology.A．wearemorelikelytoriskheartdiseaseinmodernlifeB．wespendlesstimedoingexerciseC．weneedn'tdomanythingsbyourselvesanymoreD．wespendallourtimewatchingTVandplayingcomputergames【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句可知，我們運(yùn)用高科技的時間越多，鍛煉的時間就變得越少。【答案】B3．It'skids'thatpeopleareparticularlyconcernedabout.A．food B．studyC．health D．hobby【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段的第一句說“Couchpotato”kidsareaparticularconcern，從下文可知，“Couchpotato”kids指的是那些肥胖的孩子，而“肥胖”是關(guān)系健康的問題?！敬鸢浮緾4．Accordingtothepassage，theauthormaysuggestthat．A．scientistsshouldstoptheirresearchintotechnologyB．parentsshouldtakebettercareoftheirchildrenC．kidsshouldbestoppedfromusingnewtechnologyD．peopleshouldspendlesstimeusingtechnology【解析】推理判斷題。從短文中我們可以得知，科技的發(fā)展使人們把更多的時間用在了看電視、玩電腦上而大大減少了鍛煉的時間，造成了“coachpotato”之類的問題，所以作者可能是在建議人們在看電視、玩電腦上少花點(diǎn)時間，即usingtechnology。【答案】DB“Childrenwhoeatthreeormorehamburgersaweekaremorelikelytosufferfromasthma(哮喘)，”researchers，theysaythattheriskmaynotbecausedbythemeat-richdietitself，butbyalackoffreshfruitandvegetables.Thestudylookedinto50，000childrenfrom20wereaskedabouttheirchildren'seatinghabitsandwhethertheyhadeversufferedfromeffectsoftheirdietseemedtobedifferentdependingonwheretheyandvegetablesaremorehelpfulinlessaffluentpartsoftheworld，whileeatinglotsoffishwasmorehelpfulinricheratleastthreehamburgersaweekwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofasthma，butonlyinwealthiercountries.Nagelsaiddifferentthingsmaycauseasthmaindifferentpartsoftheworld.“Thisgivesusmoreunderstandingofhowasthmaaffectsdifferentpeople，anditseffectsindevelopingaswellasdevelopedcountries，”shesaid.Highlevelsofunhealthyfatinhamburgerscouldincreasetheriskof，theresearcherssaidchildrenwhoateseveralhamburgersaweekwerelikelytohaveotherunhealthylifestylehabitsaswell.Researcherssaidthestudyhelpedusunderstandhowasthmaanddietareconnected.“Previousstudieshaveshownthatadiet-richinfruitandvegetablescanhelptoreduceachild'sriskofdevelopingasthmasymptoms，”Vickerssaid.“Ouradvicetoparentsistomakesurethatchildrenhaveahealthydietandalsogetplentyofexercise.”【語篇解讀】每周吃三次或三次以上漢堡的孩子更容易得哮喘，讓孩子保持健康的飲食和適量的運(yùn)動可以很好地預(yù)防兒童哮喘的發(fā)生。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromthepassage?A．Fatinhamburgersdoesn'tincreasetheriskofasthma.B．Childrenwholikehamburgersdon'tlikeexercise.C．Eatingthreehamburgersamonthcouldcauseasthma.D．Theparentsoffiftythousandchildrenwereinterviewed.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知調(diào)查了20個國家的五萬個孩子，他們的父母被問及他們的飲食習(xí)慣及他們是否患過哮喘，由此可知D項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮緿6．WhatdidVickersadviseparentstodo?A．Tohelpchildrenhavehealthylifestyle.B．Tokeepchildrenawayfromhamburgers.C．Tohavedinnerwithchildrenathome.D．Tomakesurechildrentakeexerciseasmuchaspossible.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文最后一句“Ouradvicetoparentsistomakesurethatchildrenhaveahealthydietandalsogetplentyofexercise.”可知，ElaineVickers建議家長們給孩子提供一個健康的飲食習(xí)慣并保證他們有足夠的鍛煉。【答案】A7．Thepassageismainlyabout．A．a(chǎn)sthmaaffectspeopleinwealthyplacesB．hamburgersraiseachild'sriskofasthmaC．parentscaninfluencechildren'shealthD．moreandmorechildrenbecomefatter【解析】主旨大意題。這篇文章主要介紹了每周吃三次或三次以上的漢堡有引起孩子得哮喘的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮緽CIfyouarelikemillionsofotherpeopleintheworld，youprobablywanttoliveahealthymanypeopleareabletoachievethislifestyle，thereareevenmorethatarelookingforwaystoimprovetheirare5tipstohelpyou.1．HealthydietThefoodyoueatplaysahugeroleinwhattypeoflifestyleyouyoueatfastfoodeveryday，youclearlydon'thavethebestshouldeatvegetables，fruitbreadaswellasmeatandfish，andevensomesnackfoodsonceinawhile.2．WaterDrinkplentyofwatereverydayanditisgoodforyouryouneedtodrink8～10glassesofwateraday.3．ExerciseTakesomeexerciseeverycantakeawalk，playballgameswithyourfriends，orrideaisanecessarypartofahealthylifestyle.4．HavefunGettingoutandhavingfuniscrucialbecauseithelpsletouttheoutforamoviewithyourfriendsonceinatotheparkandenjoyanicesunnyjustliedownandreadabook.5．SleepWithoutenoughsleep，ourimmunesystemwillbeweakanditwillbedifficulttogetthroughtheagoodnight'ssleepcanmaketheworldofadifferenceinhowyoufeelandhowmuchyoucandothenextday.【語篇解讀】文章主要介紹了保持健康生活方式的一些建議。8．Theunderlinedword“crucial”probablymeans．A．important B．interestingC．relaxing D．useless【解析】根據(jù)其所在的語境及排除法可知該詞表達(dá)的意思與important接近。【答案】A9．AhealthydietincludesallofthefollowingEXCEPT．A．vegetablesandfruitB．breadandfishC．snackfoodssometimesD．fastfoodveryoften【解析】根據(jù)Healthydiet一段內(nèi)容可知答案。【答案】D10．Thispassageismostprobablyintendedfor．A．children B．a(chǎn)dultsC．parents D．youngandold【解析】文章介紹了幾種保持健康的生活方式的建議，這些建議應(yīng)適合于各個年齡階段的人?！敬鸢浮緿11．WhichisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A．We'dbetterdrink8ormoreglassesofwateraday.B．Enoughsleepwilldogoodtoourimmunesystem.C．Fewpeopleareenjoyingahealthylifestyle.D．Eatingfastfoodtoooftenisnotgoodforyourhealth.【解析】根據(jù)Water一段中“Usuallyyouneedtodrink8～10glassesofwateraday.”一句可知A項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)Sleep一段中“Withoutenoughsleep，ourimmunesystemwillbeweakanditwillbedifficulttogetthroughtheday.”一句可知B項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)Healthydiet一段中“Ifyoueatfastfoodeveryday，youclearlydon'thavethebestdiet.”一句可知D項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)說明幾乎沒有人過著健康的生活方式，顯然與文章第一段內(nèi)容不符合。【答案】CD【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：80512042】Englishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageinthehistoryofourineverysevenhumanbeingscanspeakthanhalfoftheworld'sbooksandthreequartersofinternationalmailsareinalllanguages，Englishhasthelargestvocabulary—perhapsasmanyastwomillionwords.However，let'sfaceit：Englishisacrazyisnoegginaneggplant，neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohamina-meatsarecandy，whilesweetbreads，whicharen'tsweet，aremeat.WetakeEnglishforwhenweexploreitsparadoxes(探討它的矛盾)，wefindthatquicksandcanworkslowly，boxingringsaresquare，publicbathroomshavenobathsinthem.Andwhyisitthatawriterwrites，butfingersdon'tfing，grocersdon'tgroce，andhammersdon'tham？Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth，shouldn'tthepluralofboothbebeeth？Onegoose，twogeese—soonemoose，twomeese?Howcanaslimchanceandafatchancebethesame，whileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites？Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites，whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike？Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext?Englishwasinventedbypeople，notcomputers，anditreflects(反映)thecreativityofhuman'swhy，whenstarsareout，theyarevisible(能看見的)；butwhenthelightsareout，theyarewhy，whenIwindupmywatch，Istartit；butwhenIwindupthisessay，Iendit.【語篇解讀】英語是世界上應(yīng)用最為廣泛的語言，每七個人中就有一人說英語。但是英語中很多單詞的字面意思和真實(shí)意思是截然不同的，比如eggplant(茄子)里面沒有egg，pineapple(菠蘿)里既沒有apple也沒有pine(松樹)，hamburger里也沒有ham(火腿)。12．Accordingtothepassage．A．thereshouldbeanegginaneggplantB．pineapplesaretheapplesonthepinetreeC．boxingringsshouldberoundD．sweetmeatsandsweetbreadsaredifferentthings【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段和第三段可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)均不正確。由第二段中“Sweet-meatsarecandy，whilesweetbreads，whicharen'tsweet，aremeat.”可判斷出D項(xiàng)正確。【答案】D13．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectplural?A．Geese. B．Beeth.C．Meese. D．Tooth.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth，shouldn'tthepluralofboothbebeeth？Onegoose，twogeese—soonemoose，twomeese？”可知A項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮緼14．Whichofthefollowingincludestwoitemswhichhavethesimilarmeaning?A．Awisemanandawiseguy.B．Overlookandoversee.C．Hotashellandcoldashell.D．Quitealotandquiteafew.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“...whileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites？”可知A項(xiàng)錯誤；根據(jù)“Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites，whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike？”可知B項(xiàng)錯誤，D項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)“Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext？”可知C項(xiàng)錯誤?！敬鸢浮緿15．Theunderlinedwords“windup”inthelastparagraphprobablymean“”．A．blow B．finishC．rollup D．gethurt【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“...whenIwindupthisessay，Iendit.”可判斷出windup的意思是“結(jié)束”，故選B。【答案】BⅡ.閱讀填句(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)Alllanguageschangeovertime,butsomechangeatafasterratethanothers.16Themostimportantfactorsarethenumberofpeoplewhospeakalanguage,wheretheyliveandwhethertheymovearound,theimportanceofthelanguageforworldtradeandcommunication,andchangesintechnology.17However,todayEnglishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageintheisspokenbyabout350millionpeopleasafirstlanguageincountriessuchasGreatBritain,theUnitedaddition,aboutabillionmorepeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.EnglishstartedtotakeoverFrenchasaninternationallanguageduringtheperiodofBritishcolonialism(殖民主義)whentheEnglishruledmanycountriesinAfricaandAsia.18Thecolonialperiodcametoanendatthesametimethatseveralotherchangesexample,theU．toplayagreaterpartinglobalaffairsandtheinternationalmeansofcommunicationtechnologysuchastelevisionandtheInternetspreadEnglishworldwide.19Inaddition,theycouldusetheInternetforinformation,business,ore-mailcommunication,allinIncontrast,Icelandicisalanguagethathaschangedveryspeakerstodaycanunderstandpoetrywritteninaslightlydifferentdialectover1，000yearsago!WhyhasIcelandicchangedsoslowly?Themainreasonistheisolated(孤立的)locationoftheislandinthemiddleoftheAtlanticOcean.20ComparedtoEngland,Icelandhadnohistoryof'ssmallpopulationhasnotplayedamajorroleininternationaltradeor,mostIcelandersspeakEnglishinadditiontotheirnativeoutsideinfluences,Icelandicischangingmorerapidlynow.A．PeopleeverywherecouldwatchthenewsorsportseventsinEnglish.B．Thesechangeshaveagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofsociety.C．Isolationmeantthatforhundredsofyears,Icelandershadlittlecontactwithspeakersofotherlanguages.D．Whataresomeofthefactorsthatinfluencehowquicklyalanguagechanges?E．Thelanguagecommunicationbringsaboutthecommunicationoftechnology.F．Inthepast,otherlanguagessuchasLatinorFrenchweremoreimportantthanEnglish.G．Englishwastheprimarymeansofcommunicationinthesecolonies.【答案】16—20DFGAC【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：80512043】Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分)Ihadarrivedattheairportabout30minutesbeforethecheck-hadbeenavery21threedaysformewithlotsofIwasgladtohavethe22timetomakemynotesonwhatI23todothefollowingthencamethe24thatmyflighthadtobe25becausetherewasaproblemwiththeplane.AsIsatwaitingformy26tobecalled，Ireflectedonmylastmeetingofthewasnotabusinessmeetingbutratheraveryenjoyable27withanoldbusinessfriendIhadnotseenforover12lunchwasspentrecallingtimesgoneby28fillingeachotherinwhathadhappenedinourlivesoverthelast12bothlaughedandsmiledaswerecalledthegoodtimesandthegreatexperienceswehad29theendofourtimetogether，webothsaidhowmuchwehad30itandthatwemustdoitagain.Itwasgreattohavethisadditionaltimetoreplayinmy31allthatwehadtalkedrealizedjusthowimportantitwastohaveregular32ofthegoodtimesinourwasluckyenoughtohavehadthechancetotakeashort33andreflectonthegoodthingsthathadhappenedinmylifeover12years.Itwassomewhatlikelookingatanoldphotoalbum34inacupboardinyourbeforeyoureyesarelotsofwonderful35thattakeyoubacktotimesandplaces，andmostimportantlytothosepeoplewhoareinthe36Myflighthomewasfinally37threehourssmiledasI38theplaneandrealizedthatIwasnotatall39aboutthedelayintheflight，asIhadbeenabletospendthetime40onthegoodtimesfromdaysgoneby.【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在一次等飛機(jī)時領(lǐng)悟到經(jīng)常停留一下，回顧生活中美好事情的重要性。這對現(xiàn)代社會中忙忙碌碌的人們有特別的意義。21． B．busyC．quick D．useful【解析】由“withlotsofmeetings”可知應(yīng)是很繁忙的三天?！敬鸢浮緽22． B．satisfyingC．valuable D．extra【解析】在辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)前30分鐘到了機(jī)場，所以就有額外的時間來計(jì)劃接下來需要做的事情。pleasant“令人愉快的，吸引人的”；satisfying“令人滿意的”；valuable“很值錢的”；extra“額外的”。顯然extra切合文意，能較好地把句子補(bǔ)充完整?！敬鸢浮緿23． B．failedC．needed D．a(chǎn)sked【解析】結(jié)合上下文，那三天由于一直忙于開會，“我”很樂于有時間來計(jì)劃接下來“需要”做的事情，所以needed適合。【答案】C24． B．declarationC．opening D．speech【解析】分析句意可知，這時機(jī)場發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)通知。announcement“通知，宣告”。declaration“聲明，宣言”；opening“開放，開始”；speech“演說”。【答案】A25． B．cancelledC．taken D．delayed【解析】文中提到飛機(jī)出了問題，帶來的應(yīng)是航班“延誤”或者“取消”，但從下文可知，航班并沒有被取消，所以B項(xiàng)cancelled(取消)錯誤?！敬鸢浮緿26． B．turnC．name D．order【解析】飛機(jī)沒有來，“我”坐在那里應(yīng)該是等待“航班”。flight“飛行航班”。turn“轉(zhuǎn)動，(依次輪到的)機(jī)會”；name“名字”；order“命令，次序”?！敬鸢浮緼27． B．lunchC．party D．chat【解析】下文中出現(xiàn)了lunch，照應(yīng)上文。理解全句，應(yīng)為“那不是一個商務(wù)會議，而是與一個長達(dá)12年沒見面的業(yè)務(wù)上的老朋友的愉快的午餐。”【答案】B28．well B．exceptforC．a(chǎn)swellas D．inaddition【解析】分析句意，作者要表達(dá)的是在午飯時做了什么，filling和recalling引導(dǎo)的短語是并列關(guān)系，需要aswellas連接。aswell“也，又”，多用于句末；exceptfor“除……以外”；inaddition“另外”。【答案】C29． B．metC．managed D．shared【解析】share表示“分享，共有”，可以構(gòu)成完整的句意。句意：想到以前我們一起度過的快樂時光和美好的經(jīng)歷，我們都很開心?！敬鸢浮緿30． B．enjoyedC．made D．paid【解析】由“wemustdoitagain”可知，我們當(dāng)然很滿意那天的聚會。分析四個選項(xiàng)的意思，只有enjoy“喜歡，滿意”合適。pay“付費(fèi)”；get“理解；明白”；make“獲得成功”，均與句意不符。【答案】B31． B．spiritC．flight D．mind【解析】句意：有這樣一個額外的時間來回想我們的對話實(shí)在是太好了?；叵氘?dāng)然應(yīng)是在大腦中，所以mind“頭腦，心思”符合文意?！敬鸢浮緿32． B．plansC．reminders D．remains【解析】此處說的是作者的感受，強(qiáng)調(diào)這次談話對作者的影響。reminder“提醒人的事物，引起回憶的事物”，符合語境。time“時間”；plan“計(jì)劃”；remains“殘余物，遺跡”。【答案】C33． B．cutC．method D．break【解析】從上下文可知，顯然作者認(rèn)為自己很幸運(yùn)，有這樣一個機(jī)會來放松并回憶過去12年的快樂時光。break恰好能與take搭配，takeabreak“放松，休息”。【答案】D34．a(chǎn)way B．putonC．setaside D．givenout【解析】storeaway“收藏，保存”；puton“穿上”；setaside“留出，暫不考慮”；giveout“公布，用盡”。句意：這就有點(diǎn)像是在看保存在你家櫥柜里的老相冊一樣。因此storeaway符合句意?！敬鸢浮緼35． B．memoriesC．a(chǎn)wards D．presents【解析】看著相冊，展現(xiàn)在眼前的應(yīng)是許多精彩的“回憶”。【答案】B36． B．booksC．childhood D．photos【解析】上文提到了“photoalbum”顯然說的是“照片”中的人物。句意：呈現(xiàn)在你眼前的是許多精彩的回憶，它們帶你回到過去的時光和場景，更重要的是，它們讓你想起照片中的那些人?！敬鸢浮緿37． B．phonedC．called D．commanded【解析】由第26空后的tobecalled可知?！敬鸢浮緾38． B．boardedC．jumped D．reached【解析】飛機(jī)來了，當(dāng)然要登機(jī)了，boardtheplane“登機(jī)”，為正確答案?！敬鸢浮緽39． B．happyC．crazy D．surprised【解析】通讀整篇文章可知作者這時的心情應(yīng)是很愉快的。此處意為：我微笑著登上飛機(jī)，對于飛機(jī)的晚點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)兒也不心煩意亂。結(jié)合句意，upset符合語境。【答案】A40． B．seizingC．reflecting D．bringing【解析】作者心情好的原因應(yīng)是“有時間去回顧那些逝去的美好時光”。第二段和第三段都用到了reflecton這個短語，意思是“回憶，反思”。takeon“呈現(xiàn)”；seizeon“把握”；bringon“使發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致(通常指壞事)，促使提高”。【答案】CⅣ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分)Avolunteerteacher'slife【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：80512044】After41.(graduate)fromtheuniversity，asavolunteerteacher，ItravelledalongwaytoasmallvillageschoolinLongzhou，42.(imagine)thevillage，theschool，andthechildrenthereonthe.，IfeltsadwhenIarrivedwasn't44.Ididn'tlooklikeaschoolatall！Theschoolhadonlythreerooms，oneforGrades1，2and3，andanotheroneforGrades4，5andthethirdonewaspreparedforme.Thechildrenwelcomedme45.(warm)onmyfirst(ask)alotofquestions，Ipatientlytoldthemstoriesaboutmyselfandmylifeinnextday，Igavethema.thetestwasquiteeasy，overhalfofthestudentsfailedknewtheyneededme.Iwasbusy48.(prepare)lessons，andmarkingtestpaperseveryenjoyedteachingtheselovelyandhardworkingchildren，andIcouldseethattheyweremakingprogresswithmyhavealsolearnedalotfromunderstandtheirlives49.(well)thanbefore，andwearenowgoodfriends.IhaveworkedinLongzhoufora'mveryhappy，andtheexperiencehasbeenveryusefulforlovethesmallvillage，theschoolandthefact，Iwouldliketocontinue50.(work)here.【答案】ThoughⅤ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)ItwasMingwasthefirstcometothehecameintohisseat，therefore，hefoundhisbenchwastherewasnobodyaround，hedecidedtochangeitwithWangGang's，andsoheawhile，WangGanghesawabrokenbench，hecarrieditou