中醫(yī)英語介紹

AboutBasicTheoriesofTCM(中醫(yī)基礎理論的主要內(nèi)容)ThebasictheoriesofTCMdealprimarilywithbasictheoreticalknowledgesuchasphysiology,pathology,andthetreatmentandpreventionofdisease.述人體的生理、病理及疾病的防治等基本理論知識。Itincludesyinandyang,thefiveelements,visceralmanifestations,qi,blood,bodyvitality,meridians,etiology,pathogenesis,andprinciplesofdiseasepreventionandtreatment.內(nèi)容包括陰陽、五行、藏象、氣血津液精神、經(jīng)絡、病因與發(fā)病、病機、防治原則等。Yin-YangandFiveElements（陰陽五行）ThesefallinthecategoryofancientChinesephilosophywithconceptofmaterialismdialectics.陰陽五行本屬中國古代哲學范疇，具有唯物主義和辯證法思想。Yin-YangandfiveelementswereintroducedinTCMtoelucidatethestructure,physiologyandpathologyofthebody,andguidetheclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.中醫(yī)運用陰陽學說來闡釋人體的結構、生理和病理，并用以指導臨床的診斷和治療。ExplanationOfFiveElementsDoctrinein五行）Fiveelementsareindispensablematerialinhumanlifeinter-promotionandinter-restriction.五要素是人類生活中不可缺少的物質(zhì)，相互促進、相互制約。inTCM—theycanexplainphysiologicalandpathologicalchangesinhumanbody.在中醫(yī)概念中，它們可以解釋人體的生理和病理變化。ExplanationOfTheoryinTCM（陰陽學說）Thestructureofthebody(Zang-visceraandfu-viscera)()diagnosisofdisease—arelativeimbalancebetweenYinandYang(YinsyndromeorYangsyndrome)treatmentofdisease.--regulatingYinandYangtorestoreitsrelativebalance.陰陽相對失衡的疾病診斷（陰證、陽證）治療疾病，調(diào)節(jié)陰陽恢復相對平衡VisceralManifestationTheory（藏象學說）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologicalfunctions,andpathologicalchangesoftheviscera,tissuesandorgansaswellastheir生理功能、病理變化及其相互關系。Italsodealwiththemutualrelationsbetweentheviscera,tissues,organsandtheexternalenvironment.以及臟腑、組織器官與外界環(huán)境相互關系的學說。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’stheoreticalsystemandservesasthetheoreticalbasisforclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.行辨證論治的理論基礎。Qi,Blood,BodyFluidandVitality（氣血津液精神）1.Theydealprimarilywiththegenerationandactionsofqi,blood,bodyfluidandvitalitywellastheirinterrelationship.主要闡述氣、血、津液、精神的生成、作用及其相互關系2.Ittellsusthattheyarenotonlytheproductsofzang-visceraandfu-visceraactivity,butalsothematerialbasisonwhichboththezang-visceraandthefu-viscerafunction.說明氣、血、津液和精既是臟腑功能活動的產(chǎn)物，又是臟腑功能活動的物質(zhì)基礎。Explanation（解釋）Qi—themostessentialsubstancemakinguptheworldandthateverythingintheuniversewasgeneratedbythemotionandchangeofQi;theessentialsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandmaintainingthelifeactivitiesofthebody.氣-構成世界最基本的物質(zhì)，宇宙萬物都是由氣的運動和變化產(chǎn)生的，是構成身體和維持身體生命活動的基本物質(zhì)。Bodyfluid—abasicsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandplaysanimportantroleinmaintainingitsnormallifeactivities.Itincludeallnormalliquidinthebody,suchasgastricjuice,intestinaljuice,nasaldischarges,tears.體液是構成身體的一種基本物質(zhì)，在維持其正常的生命活動中起著重要的作用MeridianTheory（經(jīng)絡學說）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologyandpathologyofthemeridiansystemaswellastheinterrelationshipof系的學說。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’sbasictheories.是中醫(yī)基礎理論的重要組成部分。3.Themeridiansanditscollateralsforman organicsystemwhichlinksup theexterior,interior,upperandlowerpartsofthebody,connectstheviscera,tissuesandorgans,andcirculatesqiandblood.經(jīng)絡是人體溝通表里上下、聯(lián)絡臟腑組織器官、通行氣血的一個機體系。EtiologyandPathogenesis（病因與發(fā)?。㏕hepropertiesandcharacteristicsofalltypesofpathogenicfactorsaswellasclinicalmanifestationsofresultingdiseasesareexplainedwithinthistheory.主要闡述各種致病因素的性質(zhì)、特點及所致病證的臨床表現(xiàn)，Ittellsusthatdiseaseoccursbecauseoftheimbalanceofinternalandexternalenvironmentofthe說明疾病的發(fā)生是由于人體內(nèi)外環(huán)境失調(diào)所致。PathologicalMechanism（病機）Itelaboratesthegenerallawofpathologicalchanges,includingconceptsofprosperityanddeclineofpathogenic主要在于闡述病理變化的一般規(guī)律。Itincludesyinandyang,abnormalitiesofqi,bloodandbodyfluid,fiveendogenousevils,anddisturbanceofthevisceraandmeridians.包括邪正盛衰、陰陽失調(diào)、氣血津液失常、內(nèi)生五邪、臟腑經(jīng)絡功能失常等方面。PrinciplesofTreatmentandPrevention（防治原則）Itdiscussesthebasicprinciplesoftreatmentandpreventionofdiseases.防病和治病的基本法則。ThepreventionprincipleisgiventoppriorityinTCMbyupholdingthatpreventioncomesfirst.“”Itisofgreatsignificanceincontrollingtheonsetanddevelopmentofillnesses.對控制疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展具有重要意義Thetreatmentprincipleincorporatesaphilosophyoffindingandtreatingtherootcauseofanillness,increasingitsownpowerofhealingtoresistanddispelpathogenicfactors,andadjustingyinandyangtomaintaintheirbalance.治療法則主要包括治病求本、扶正祛邪、調(diào)整陰陽等內(nèi)容。Chinesemedicine（中醫(yī)）1. TraditionalformsofmedicinehavebeenusedinChinasincethe3rdCentury.Chinesemedicineisveryholisticandismainlyfocusedonthebalanceof“YinandYang,”aswellasofbodyandmind.Chinesemedicinemainlyconsistsofnaturalandherbalremedies,aswellasbody/mind第三世紀以來，我國開始使用傳統(tǒng)的醫(yī)學形式，中醫(yī)重視”以及身心平衡上，中藥主要由天然和中草藥以及身心治療組成。TraditionalMedicine（傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學）Practitionersbelievethateverypersonhasalifeforceknownas“Qi.”從業(yè)者認為每個“氣的生命力量。Thepurposeofmedicineistoestablishabalanceofthebody’sQi.醫(yī)學的目的是建立身體的氣平衡。ThefirstuseofChineseMedicinedatesbackto200B.C.中醫(yī)的首次使用可追溯到公元200年。TheformsofChineseMedicineinclude:Acupuncture/Pressure,Moxibustion,Herbalremedies,NutritionalBalance,Massage,TaiChiandMeditation.中醫(yī)的形式有：針灸、艾灸、中草藥、營養(yǎng)平衡、按摩、氣功、太極和冥想。TheessentialCharacteristicsofTCMisHolisticview(theconceptofwholism)andTreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.中醫(yī)的本質(zhì)特征是整體觀(整體觀)和辨證論治。HolisticView（整體感）Theunityandintegrityofthebody身體的統(tǒng)一性和完整性Everyorgan,viscera(內(nèi)臟）andtissuehasitsownfunctionandeveryfunctionisacomponentofthegeneralactivity.E.g…每個器官、內(nèi)臟(內(nèi)臟)和組織都有自己的功能，每一種功能都是一般活動的組成部分。Interrelationbetweenthehumanbodyandnature人體與自然的相互關系4.Changesinnaturemaydirectlyorindirectlyinfluencethebody.自然的變化可能直接或間接地影響身體。Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation（辨證論治）Syndrome–summaryofthecause,place,andnatureofadiseaseTheessentialprincipleinTCMinunderstandingandtreatingdisease.癥候群--疾病的病因、部位和性質(zhì)概述--中醫(yī)在認識和治療疾病中的基本原則Differentsyndromeinonedisease--treatedbydifferenttreatments;differentdiseaseswiththesamesyndrome--thesametreatment.一種疾病中的不同綜合癥--用不同的治療方法治療；不同的疾病有相同的綜合癥--同樣的治療。TreatmentPrinciplesofTCM（中醫(yī)治療原則）Theconceptofwholism整體觀Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation辨證論治Treatmentaimedatthesourceofdisease針對病源的治療Strengtheningthevitalanddispellingtheevil增強活力，驅(qū)除邪惡RegulatingYinandYang協(xié)調(diào)陰陽Treatmentdependontheseason,localityandindividual治療取決于季節(jié)、地點和個人。MethodsofDiagnosis（診斷方法）Inspection(observe):Itincludescomplexionandtongue(tonguecoating,alayeroffur-likesubstance)()Auscultationandolfaction(Hearand聞()Inquiry(askabout問()Pulse-feelingandpalpation(readthe切()Differentiationoftheeightprincipalsyndromes（八綱辯證）Excess陽、表、表、里、寒、熱、虛、實Differentiationofexteriorandinteriorsyndrome(內(nèi)外證辨證論治)Itisusedtodescribethelocationandtendencyofadisease.它用來描述疾病的位置和趨勢。Exteriorsyndrome—skinandhair皮膚和頭發(fā)Interiorsyndrome—disordersintheinternalorgan,bloodandvesselandbones.內(nèi)部綜合癥-內(nèi)臟、血管、血管和骨骼的紊亂。Differentiationofcoldandheatsyndrome寒熱證辨證論治Ithelpstoidentifythespecificnatureofadisease.它有助于確定疾病的特殊性質(zhì)。Coldsyndrome—insufficientYangofthebody寒證--身體陽不足Heatsyndrome—hyperfunctionofYangduetoYindeficiency熱證-陰虛陽亢DifferentiationofYinandYangsyndrome陰陽辨證Generalprinciplesoftheothersixsyndromedifferentiation其他六證辨證論治的一般原則Yin—interior,coldanddeficiencycondition陰內(nèi)寒虛Yang—syndromesoftheexterior,heat,andexcessconditions外感、熱、虛之陽證Methodsoftreatment治療方法HerbalAcupunctureMoxibustionCuppingMassageDiettherapyorfoodtherapy、Guasha、QigongExercise中藥、針灸、艾灸、拔罐、按摩、飲食療法、食物療法、刮痧、氣功鍛煉PleaselistsomedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternmedicine請列出中西醫(yī)學的一些不同之處Philosophy--Man and nature being in Manconqueringnatureharmony--人與自然和諧相處Holisticview—adoctortreatalldiseases;treatingacountry;human整體觀點--醫(yī)生治療所有疾??；治療一個國家；人類Treattheundiseased治療未患病的人Diagnosisbycommunication問診

Analyticview—hospitalisdividedintosmallsections;lookatdiseaseloc