新GRE所有Issue題目的寫作提綱資料講解

新GRE所有Issue題目的寫作提綱GRE寫作Issue問(wèn)題題庫(kù)分析與提綱第一類社會(huì)"Competitionisultimatelymorebeneficialthandetrimentaltosociety."歸根結(jié)底，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)于社會(huì)是利多弊少。Generallyspeaking,competitioncontributestoprogressinsociety.Generallyspeaking,competitioncontributestoprogressinsociety.Indemocraticcountries,whenpartiesandcandidatescompeteforpower,thepublicbenefits.Admittedly,whencompetitiongetsoutofthecontrolofmoresandlaws,societywillsuffer.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)于社會(huì)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)------------------------------"Itismoreimportanttoallocatemoneyforimmediate,existingsocialproblemsthantospenditonlong-termresearchthatmighthelpfuturegenerations."與其花錢進(jìn)行可能有助于后代的長(zhǎng)期性研究，還不如把錢花在迫在眉睫，已經(jīng)存在的社會(huì)問(wèn)題上。Humanityshouldtakeintoaccountbothlong-terminterestsandshort-terminterestswhenmakingbudgets.Naturally,eachgenerationismostconcernedaboutsolvingproblemsthatimmediatelyconfrontthem.However,whatdifferentiateshumanbeingsfromotheranimalsisthathumanshaveasenseoffutureandaremorallyresponsibleforthewell-beingoftheirdescendents.Therefore,asbeneficiariesofpreviousgenerations,eachgenerationshouldmakeitsowncontributionforthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.當(dāng)務(wù)之急和百年大計(jì)的關(guān)系------------------------------9."Academicdisciplineshavebecomesospecializedinrecentyearsthatscholars'ideasreachonlyanarrowaudience.Untilscholarscanreachawideraudience,theirideaswillhavelittleuse."近些年來(lái)，學(xué)科已經(jīng)細(xì)化到了相當(dāng)?shù)某潭纫灾劣趯W(xué)者們的理念只影響小范圍的人群。除非學(xué)者們能擁有影響到大范圍的人群，否則他們的理念將幾乎毫無(wú)用處。Thespeakeroversimplifiestheissueofacademicinfluenceonsociety.Itistruethatacademicdisciplineshavebecomesospecializednowadaysthatsomescholar’sseeminglyidiosyncraticideasonlyreachanarrowaudience.Itisalsotruethatsocialscientists’failingtoreachthelargepublicmakesitimpossiblefortheirideastocontributetosociety.Nevertheless,scholarsincertainrealmsaredoomedtoliveinanisolatedandpurelyacademicworld,whichdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheirideaswillhavelittleuse.過(guò)分專業(yè)化問(wèn)題 overspecialization------------------------------"Thestabilityofasocietydependsonhowitrespondstotheextremesofhumanbehavior."一個(gè)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定取決于該社會(huì)對(duì)人們極端行為所作出的反應(yīng)。Itistruethathowasocietycopeswiththeextremesofhumanbehaviorlargelydeterminesthesociety’sstability.Theextremesofhumanbehavior--suchasviolenceorstrikes--usuallydictategravesocialtroubles.

精品文檔Onesolutiontothesesocialproblemsissuppressing,whichproveseffectiveintheshortrunandcounterproductiveinthelongrun.Themosteffectivewayofrespondingtosuchproblemsisconstructivecommunicationandsometimescompromise.抽象型題目------------------------------"Althoughmanypeoplethinkthattheluxuriesandconveniencesofcontemporarylifeareentirelyharmless,infact,theyactuallypreventpeoplefromdevelopingintotrulystrongandindependentindividuals."盡管許多人認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代生活的奢華和便利是絲毫沒(méi)有壞處的，但是這實(shí)際上讓人們無(wú)法成為真正強(qiáng)大和獨(dú)立的個(gè)體。AgreeConsiderfirsttheeffectoftheautomobileonourindependenceasindividuals.Insomerespectstheautomobileservestoenhancesuchindependence.However,wehavebecomeslavestotheautomobile.Considernexttheoverallimpactoftheautomobileonourstrengthasindividuals,bywhichImeanstrengthofcharacter,ormettle.Incontrast,thereisacertainstrengthofcharacterthatcomeswitheschewingmodernconveniencessuchascars,andwiththeknowledgethatoneiscontributingtoacleanerandquieterenvironment,asaferneighborhood,andarguablyamoregenteelsociety.社會(huì)和個(gè)人之發(fā)展問(wèn)題------------------------------"Therearetwotypesoflaws:justandunjust.Everyindividualinasocietyhasaresponsibilitytoobeyjustlawsand,evenmoreimportantly,todisobeyandresistunjustlaws."有兩種法律：公正的和不公正的。每個(gè)社會(huì)成員都有責(zé)任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更應(yīng)該不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。Disagree:First,whetheralawisjustorunjustisrarelyastraightforwardissue.Thefairnessofanylawdependsonone’spersonalvaluesystem.2. Thefairnessofalawalsodependsonone ’spersonalinterest,orstake,inthelegalissueathand.Disobeyingunjustlawsoftenhastheoppositeeffectofwhatwasintendedorhopedfor.Byjustifyingaviolationofonesortoflawwefindourselvesonaslipperyslopetowardsanctioningalltypesofillegalbehavior,includingegregiouscriminalconduct.社會(huì)和個(gè)人之法律公正么？------------------------------"Ifasocietyistothrive,itmustputitsownoverallsuccessbeforethewell-beingofitsindividualcitizens."如果一個(gè)社會(huì)要繁榮就必須將社會(huì)整體的成敗置于單個(gè)社會(huì)成員的幸福之上。DisagreeThesocietyismadeupofindividualcitizens;therefore,thedevelopmentofindividualcitizensiscrucialforthedevelopmentofthewholesociety.Asocietythatignoresthewellbeingofindividualcitizensisboundtoendupinsocialturmoilorrevolution.少數(shù)和多數(shù)之成功------------------------------收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔"Nationalgovernmentsshoulddevotemoreoftheirsocialprogramsandservicestochildrenthantoadults."任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的政府都應(yīng)該為孩子而不是為成人建設(shè)更多的社會(huì)項(xiàng)目和服務(wù)。

demand—avoyeuristiclookintotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Nevertheless,thestatementshouldbequalifiedinthatapoliticalfigurehasreasontoexpectprivacythanotherpublicfigures.少數(shù)和多數(shù)之公眾人物的隱私1.Noonewoulddenythefactthatitisintheyounggeneration------------------------------thatliesthefutureofoursociety.33."Creatinganappealingimagehasbecomemoreimportantin2.Therefore,weshouldattachenoughimportancetothecontemporarysocietythanistherealityortruthbehindthatdevelopmentofchildren.image."However,thisdoesnotmeanthatwecanignoretheinterestsofadults,whomakeupthemajorworkforceofoursociety.在當(dāng)代社會(huì)，打造一個(gè)引人入勝的外表已經(jīng)變得比外表下的孩子和成人之社會(huì)建設(shè)內(nèi)容更加重要了。------------------------------22."ManypeoplebelievethatafewindividualsorsmallgroupsIagreethatimagehasbecomeamorecentralconcern,atleast(family,friends,teachers,celebrities,forexample)havecausedwhereshort-termbusinessorpoliticalsuccessisatstake.themtothinkandbehaveinthewaytheydo.YetitisalwaysNevertheless,Ithinkthatinthelongertermimageultimatelysocietyasawholethatdefinesusandourattitudes,notafewyieldstosubstanceandfact.individuals."1.Theimportantroleofimageisparticularlyevidentinthebusinessworld.很多人認(rèn)為只是一些個(gè)人或者小團(tuán)體（比如家庭、朋友、老2.Thegrowingsignificanceofimageisalsoevidentinthe師、名人）促成了他們的思維和行動(dòng)。其實(shí)一直以來(lái)不是一politicalrealm,particularlywhenitcomestopresidential些個(gè)人而是社會(huì)作為一個(gè)整體在定義我們和我們的態(tài)度。politics.3.Inthelongterms,however,thesignificanceofimagewanes1.Individualsandsmallgroupsalsochangeourattitudesandconsiderably.mindstoalargeextent.2.Everyoneinfluencingusisalsoinfluencedthesociety.外表和內(nèi)容3.Internetisplayinganevermoresignificantrolein------------------------------influencingpeople’sattitudeandvalues.36."Thegreatnessofindividualscanbedecidedonlybythose少數(shù)和多數(shù)之定義人生wholiveafterthem,notbytheircontemporaries."------------------------------23."Contemporarytechnologymakesavailablemanysmall一個(gè)人是否偉大是由后人評(píng)定的而非他同時(shí)代的人。piecesoffactualinformation.Asaresult,peoplehavebecomeso1.Wedonotrequirearear-viewmirrortorecognizeartisticpreoccupiedwithbitsoffragmentedinformationthattheypaytoogreatness—whetherinmusic,visualarts,orliterature.Thelittleattentiontothelargerissuesandoverallperspectives."reasonforthisissimple:artcanbejudgedatfacevalue.現(xiàn)代技術(shù)使獲得大量細(xì)節(jié)信息成為可能。其結(jié)果是人們?nèi)?.Incontrast,inthesciencesitisdifficulttoidentifygreatnesswithoutthebenefitofhistoricalperspective.貫注于七零八碎的信息而很少去注意更大的問(wèn)題和全局。3.Intherealmofbusiness,insomecasesgreatachievementis1.Accesstogreatdealofinformationhelppeoplegetawiderrecognizableimmediately,whileinothercasesitisnot.時(shí)間先后viewofanissue,thushelpthempreventbeinglimitedin------------------------------thoughts.40."Scholarsandresearchersshouldnotbeconcernedwith2.Technologyhelpsuspaymoreattentiontothelargerissueswhethertheirworkmakesacontributiontothelargersociety.Itisandoverallperspectives.moreimportantthattheypursuetheirindividualinterests,3.Topreventpreoccupationbyfragmentedinformation,peoplehoweverunusualoridiosyncraticthoseinterestsmayseem."shouldholdrightviewoninformation,nottoassimilateall,buttopercolaterelevantonesfromthoseneedingonlya我們不應(yīng)該僅僅關(guān)注學(xué)者和研究者的著作能否對(duì)社會(huì)做出貢glance.獻(xiàn)。更重要的是關(guān)注他們?nèi)绾巫非髮?shí)現(xiàn)自己的興趣，無(wú)論那少數(shù)和多數(shù)之細(xì)節(jié)信息些興趣顯得是多么的非同尋常。------------------------------29."Publicfiguressuchasactors,politicians,andathletesshouldAgree:expectpeopletobeinterestedintheirprivatelives.Whentheyseekapublicrole,theyshouldexpectthattheywillloseatleast1.Whoistodecidewhichareasofacademicinquiryaresomeoftheirprivacy."worthwhile?Scholarscannotbelefttodecide;norcanregulatorsandlegislators.像演員、政治家和運(yùn)動(dòng)員這樣的公眾人物應(yīng)該預(yù)料到大眾會(huì)2.Secondly,byhumannaturewearemotivatedtopursuethoseactivitiesinwhichweexcel.對(duì)他們的私生活感興趣。當(dāng)他們希望受人矚目的時(shí)候就應(yīng)該3.Thirdly,itis“idiosyncratic”and”unusual”avenuesof至少預(yù)期到會(huì)失去一些隱私（被大眾得知一些隱私）。inquirythatleadtogreatestcontributionstosociety.Agree:少數(shù)和多數(shù)之科學(xué)家1.Intensemediaattentiontothelivesofpublicfiguresraisesa------------------------------presumptioninthecollectivemindoftheviewingorreading41."Suchnon-mainstreamareasofinquiryasastrology,fortune-publicthatourpublicfigures’livesarefarmoreinterestingthanourown.telling,andpsychicandparanormalpursuitsplayavitalroleinsocietybysatisfyinghumanneedsthatarenotaddressedbyThemediaconsistoflargecorporationswhosechiefmainstreamscience."objectiveistomaximizeshareholderprofit.Inpursuitofthatobjective,themediaaresimplygivingthepublicwhatthey收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除少數(shù)和多數(shù)，精英和大眾-----------------------------’sleaders,65."Peoplehavebeensoencouragedbysocietytofocusonapparentdifferencesthattheyfailtoseemeaningfulsimilaritiesamongideas,individuals,andgroups."人們被社會(huì)鼓勵(lì)而將注意力集中于顯而易見(jiàn)的差異上，以至于人們已經(jīng)無(wú)法看到各種理念、個(gè)人和群體之間的有意義的相似。精品文檔研究界的一些非主流領(lǐng)域，比如星象學(xué)、占卜術(shù)和意念及超自然探索，在社會(huì)中起到了很重要的作用，因?yàn)樗鼈儩M足了人們無(wú)法從主流科學(xué)獲得的需求。Admittedly,thesenon-mainstreamareasofinquiryaddresscertainhumanneeds,whichmainstreamscienceandotherareasofintellectualinquiryinherentlycannot.However,becausethesepursuitsarenotrootedinreason,theyarefavoritepastimesofcharlatansandotherswhoseektopreyondupes.Furthermore,withoutanysurewaytoevaluatethelegitimacyoftheseavenuesofinquiry,participantsbecomevulnerabletoself-deception,falsehopes,fantasticideasandevendelusions.少數(shù)和多數(shù)之非主流學(xué)科------------------------------"Whilesomeleadersingovernment,sports,industry,andotherareasattributetheirsuccesstoawell-developedsenseofcompetition,asocietycanbetterprepareitsyoungpeopleforleadershipbyinstillinginthemasenseofcooperation."政府、體育界、工業(yè)界和其他領(lǐng)域中的一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者將他們的成功歸因于一種高度的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)，然而一個(gè)社會(huì)還是應(yīng)該更好的為那些即將成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的年輕人灌輸一種合作的意識(shí)。AgreeThechiefreasonwhyweshouldstresscooperationinnurturingyoungpeopletodayisthat,astomorrowtheywillfacepressingsocietalproblemsthatsimplycannotbesolvedapartfromcooperativeinternationalefforts.Thesecondcompellingreasonforinstillinginyoungpeopleasenseofcooperationovercompetitionisthateffectiveleadershipdependslessonthelatterthantheformer.Athirdreasonwhyinstillingasenseofcooperationistobepreferredoverinstillingasenseofcompetitionisthatthelatterservestonarrowaleader ’sfocusonthwartingtheeffortsofcompetitors.------------------------------"Societydoesnotplaceenoughemphasisontheintellect--thatis,onreasoningandothercognitiveskills."社會(huì)對(duì)于理性還是重視不夠，比如推理和認(rèn)知的能力。Whilethespeakermightoverlookthebenefitsofnurturingcertainemotionsandfeelings,onbalanceIagreethatitisbywayofourheadsratherthanourheartsthatwecanbestensurethewell-beingofoursociety.Iconcedethatundueemphasisoncultivatingtheintellectattheexpenseofhealthyemotionscanharmandindividualpsychologically.Inmanyotherrespects,however,emphasizingemotionsandde-emphasizingintellectcancarrynegative,evendangerous,consequencesforanysociety.Thedangersofade-emphasisonintellectarealltooevidentincontemporaryAmerica.獨(dú)立題目------------------------------"Theincreasinglyrapidpaceoflifetodaycausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves."現(xiàn)代生活越來(lái)越快的節(jié)奏弊多利少。Agree

Therapidpaceoflifehasresultedinhealthproblemsinunprecedentedlargenumbers.Althoughpeopletodayhavemoreleisuretime,theyarenotinabetterpositionthantheirancestorstoenjoythemselves.Moreunfortunately,peopleseemtohavebecomeaddictedtotherapidpaceofmodernlife.利多弊少題型------------------------------"High-profileawardssuchastheNobelPrizeareactuallydamagingtosocietybecausetheysuggestthatonlyafewpeopledeservesuchrecognition."最高榮譽(yù)比如諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)實(shí)際上是在損害社會(huì)，因?yàn)檫@種獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)在暗示只有少數(shù)人才配得上這樣的榮譽(yù)。Thefactthatonlyafewpeopledeservehigh-profileawardsisinsufficientevidencetosuggestthatsuchawardsaredamagingtosociety.Undoubtedly,high-profileawardssuggestthatonlyafewpeopledeservesuchrecognition.Whatissignificantisthathigh-profileawardspointouttherightdirectionsinwhichallindividualsinparticularfieldsshouldmakeefforts.Tomakesurethathigh-profileawardsservetherightpurposeofsociety,itisimperativethattherulesoftheawardsbefairandstrictlyadheredto.Peopleindifferentculturalenvironmentswouldresponddifferentlytothisstatement.Ontheonehand,westernculturestendtofocusondifferencesamongideas,individualsandgroups.Thedangeroftraditionalsocieties,ontheotherhand,istoignoredifferencesforcingindividualsandgroupstoconformtooneauthority.Ahealthyattitudeistobesensitivetobothdifferencesandsimilarities.統(tǒng)一和差異------------------------------"Inanyprofession--business,politics,education,government--thoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Thesurestpathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership."在任何領(lǐng)域中----商業(yè)、政治、教育、政府 ----掌權(quán)者應(yīng)該在五年后就讓位。這是任何機(jī)構(gòu)獲得成功的最好的方式：通過(guò)更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者而保持活力。Limitingthetermofleadershipisaneffectivewaytopreventcorruptionandlackofinitiatives.Whenleadershavenofearoflosingtheirpower,theytendtoabusetheirpower.Anewleadershipusuallyhasgreaterinitiativeandwouldbringinnewideas.However,incertainrealmssuchasbusinessitmightnotbesonecessarytolimitthetermofleadership.Furthermore,newleadersoftenlackthenecessaryskillandexperiencetocopewithexistingproblems;therefore,theyneedaperiodoftimeforadaptation.新手和老手收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除------------------------------"Onecanbestunderstandthemostimportantcharacteristicsofasocietybystudyingitsmajorcities."人們可以通過(guò)研究一個(gè)社會(huì)的主要城市來(lái)了解它最重要的特點(diǎn)。Itisnolongertruethemajorcitiesarecharacteristicofasociety.Majorcitiesusedtobetheculturalcentersofasociety.Nowadays,however,duetotheinfluenceofglobalization,majorcitiesthroughouttheworldlookmoreorlessthesame.Bycontrast,theruralareasofasocietymaintainmoreofitsculturaltradition.少數(shù)和多數(shù)之以小見(jiàn)大------------------------------"Trulyprofoundthinkersandhighlycreativeartistsarealwaysoutofstepwiththeirtimeandtheirsociety."真正深刻的思想家和充滿創(chuàng)造力的藝術(shù)家總是超前于他們所在的時(shí)代和社會(huì)的。Tobemoreexact,greatthinkersandartistsaregenerallyoutofstepwiththeirtimeandsociety.Manygreatartistsremainedobscurealltheirlives.Therearecountlessexamplesoforiginalthinkerswhowereeitherignoredormisunderstoodbytheirtimeandtheirsociety.However,therearecasesofgreaterthinkersorartistswhowererecognizedandrocketedtoinstantfameintheirowntimeandtheirownsociety.另類天才------------------------------"Peopletodayaretooindividualistic.Insteadofpursuingself-centered,separategoals,peopleneedtounderstandthatsatisfactioncomesfromworkingforthegreatergoodofthefamily,thecommunity,orsocietyasawhole."現(xiàn)在的人們太個(gè)人主義了。與其追求以個(gè)人為中心和孤立的目標(biāo)，人們更需要明白滿足是源于為家庭、社區(qū)或者整個(gè)社會(huì)的更大利益的服務(wù)。Extremeindividualismhasbecomeaseriousthreattothesocialfabricandthewelfareofallmembersofsociety.Somepeoplemayclaimthatthegreatergoodofthefamily,thecommunityorsocietyliesinthegoodoftheindividual,whichjustifiesthepursuitofself-interests.Theproblemdauntingcontemporarysocietyisthategoismasrunwild.Todaythereiseveryneedforthesocietytoencourageindividualstoworkfortheinterestsofothers.少數(shù)和多數(shù)------------------------------"Leadersarecreatedprimarilybythedemandsthatareplaceduponthem."領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者主要是由身負(fù)的責(zé)任所造就的。Generallyspeaking,leadersaretheresultsofacombinationofinternalqualitiesandexternalconditions.Thedemandsplaceuponapersoncouldchallengehimorhertobecomealeader.However,thestatementseemstosuggestthatanybodycanbecomealeaderifdemandsareplacedonhimorher,whichisunwarranted.Besidesopportunities,onealsoneedtohavecertainqualitiestomakealeader.時(shí)勢(shì)造英雄

精品文檔------------------------------"Theconceptof'individualresponsibility'isanecessaryfiction.Althoughsocietiesmustholdindividualsaccountablefortheirownactions,people'sbehaviorislargelydeterminedbyforcesnotoftheirownmaking."個(gè)人責(zé)任的概念是一種很必要的虛構(gòu)。盡管社會(huì)必須讓個(gè)人對(duì)他們自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，但是人們的行為很大程度上不是自己能夠左右的。Theclaimthatindividualresponsibilityisanecessaryfictionshassomemeritinthatasocietywhereindividualsarenotheldaccountablefortheiractionsandchoicesisalawlessone,devoidofanyorderwhatsoever.Acorrelativeargumentforindividualresponsibilityinvolvesthefactthatlawless,oranarchist,statesgivewaytodespoticrulebystrongindividualswhoseizepower.Asforthespeaker’ssecondclaim,itfliesinthefaceofoureverydayexperiencesinmakingchoicesanddecisions.少數(shù)和多數(shù)之個(gè)人責(zé)任------------------------------"Itisprimarilythroughouridentificationwithsocialgroupsthatwedefineourselves."如果我們要定位自己最重要是要定位自己所處的社會(huì)團(tuán)體。Istronglyagreethatwedefineourselvesprimarilythroughouridentificationwithsocialgroups,asthespeakerasserts.Anydevelopmentalpsychologistwouldagreethatsocializationwithotherchildrenplaysacriticalroleinanychild’sunderstandingandpsychologicaldevelopmentofself.Aschildrenprogresstothesocialworldoftheplaygroundandotherafter-schoolvenues,theirearlierrecognitionthattheyrelatemorecloselytosomepeoplethantoothersevolvesintoadesiretoformwell-definedsocialgroups,andtosetthesegroupsapartfromothers.However,asyoungadultstakeontheresponsibilitiesofpartnering,parenting,andworking,theyappeartodefinethemselveslessbytheirsocialaffiliationsandmorebytheirmaritalstatus,parentalstatus,andoccupation.------------------------------"Somuchisnewandcomplextodaythatlookingbackforanunderstandingofthepastprovideslittleguidanceforlivinginthepresent."現(xiàn)代社會(huì)是如此的嶄新和復(fù)雜以至于回首了解過(guò)去對(duì)于當(dāng)代生活已經(jīng)沒(méi)有太大幫助了。Eventhoughhistoryoffersfewfoolproofpanaceasforlivingtoday,theauthor’sclaimthattoday’sworldissouniquethatthepastisirrelevantistooradical.Admittedly,historyhashelpeduslearntheappropriatenessofaddressingcertainsocialissues,particularlymoralones,onasocietallevel.However,theonlyfirmlessonfromhistoryaboutsocialillsisthattheyareheretostay.現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去------------------------------"Society'sexternalrewardsarenomeasureoftruesuccess.Truesuccesscanbemeasuredonlyinrelationtothegoalsonesetsforoneself."社會(huì)給予的客觀獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)并不能衡量真正的成功。真正的成功只能是取決于一個(gè)人為他自己設(shè)定的目標(biāo)。Successshouldbegaugedonapersonalbase.收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除Society’sexternalrewardscanonlyberegardedassocietyrecognitionofone’scontributiontosociety.Foranindividualperson,acorrectattitudeistogaugesuccessinrelationtothegoalsonesetsforoneself.Overemphasizingthesocialcriterionofsuccesstendstobelittletheworthofanindividual.

精品文檔genuinely’snewartwouldeveremerge,andsocietywouldbeworseoff.------------------------------客觀和主觀------------------------------"Theproblemsofmodernsocietyhaveledmanypeopletocomplain:'Weliveinterribletimes.'Yet,giventhechoice,noonetodaywouldprefertoliveinanyothertime."現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的問(wèn)題是很多人都在抱怨：“我們生活在一個(gè)可怕的時(shí)代?！钡羌僭O(shè)讓他們選擇的話，現(xiàn)在的人們?nèi)匀粫?huì)選擇現(xiàn)在而不是其他的時(shí)代。

"Themostpracticalandeffectivewaytoprotectwildernessareasistoattractmoretouriststotheseareasthroughenvironmentallysensitiveprojects."保護(hù)野生環(huán)境最實(shí)際和最有效的途徑就是通過(guò)環(huán)保的（旅游）項(xiàng)目吸引更多的旅游者來(lái)這些地區(qū)（旅游）。DisagreeTouristsswarmingtovisittheenvironmentallysensitiveprojectsmayposeaseriousthreattothewildnessareas.Themostpracticalandeffectivewaytoprotectwildernessareasistoleavethoseplacestotakecareofthemselves.Weliveinthebesttimeofhistory.Firstly,ourlivingconditionstodayaresuperiortothoseofanypastgenerations.Secondly,technologieshavemadeitpossibleformentoworkundermuchmorecomfortableworkingconditionstodaythanbefore.Mostoftheproblemstroublingustodayhavebeentroublinghumanbeingsforalongtime.時(shí)間------------------------------"Whatsocietyhasthoughttobeitsgreatestsocial,political,andindividualachievementshaveoftenresultedinthegreatestdiscontent."被社會(huì)自詡為是它最偉大的社會(huì)、政治和個(gè)人成就的東西結(jié)果往往帶來(lái)最大的非議。Agreewithconcession:Withrespecttoindividualachievements,greatachieversarebynatureambitiouspeopleandthereforetendtobedissatisfiedanddiscontentwiththeiraccomplishments—nomatterhowgreat.Individualachievementscanoftenresultindiscontentonasocietallevel.Turningfromindividualachievementstosocietal,includingpolitical,achievements,theextenttowhichgreatachievementhavecauseddiscontentoftendependsonone’sperspective.社會(huì)和人民大眾------------------------------"Thewell-beingofasocietyisenhancedwhenmanyofitspeoplequestionauthority."當(dāng)很多人都質(zhì)疑權(quán)威的時(shí)候社會(huì)就會(huì)繁榮昌盛。Agreewithconcession:Admittedly,whenmanypeoplequestionauthority,somesocietalharmmightresult,evenifasocialcauseisworthy.Whileviolenceisrarelyjustifiableasameansofquestioningauthority,peacefulchallengestopoliticalandlegalauthority,bymanypeople,arenotonlyjustifiablebutactuallynecessarywhenitcomestoenhancingandevenpreservingsociety’swell-being.Questioningauthorityisalsoessentialforadvancesinthesciences.Similarly,inthearts,peoplemustchallengeestablishedstylesandformsratherthanimitatethem;otherwise,no

環(huán)保和旅游的關(guān)系------------------------------"Theonlyresponsibilityofcorporateexecutives,providedtheystaywithinthelaw,istomakeasmuchmoneyaspossiblefortheircompanies."公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)者們唯一的責(zé)任就是在法律規(guī)定范圍之內(nèi)為他們的公司賺盡可能多的錢。Inseveralrespectsthispositionhasconsiderablemerit;yetitignorescertaincompellingargumentsforimposingonbusinessesadditionalobligationstothesocietyinwhichtheyoperate.Ontheonehandareconvincingargumentsthatprofitmaximizationwithintheboundsofthelawshouldbeabusinessexecutive’ssoleresponsibility.First,imposingonbusinessesadditionaldutiestosocietyinwhichtheyoperatecan,paradoxically,harmthatsociety.Secondly,byaffirmingthatprofitmaximizationwithinlegalboundsisthemostethicalbehaviorpossibleforbusiness,moreprivateenterprisesandindividualswillbeencouragedenterthemarketplaceinthequestofprofits.Ontheotherhandarecompellingargumentsforholdingbusinessexecutivestocertainresponsibilitiesinadditiontoprofitmaximizationandtocompliancewiththeletteroflaw.-------------------------------160."Themostessentialqualityofaneffectiveleaderistheabilitytoremainconsistentlycommittedtoparticularprinciplesandobjectives.Anyleaderwhoisquicklyandeasilyinfluencedbyshiftsinpopularopinionwillaccomplishlittle."對(duì)于一位強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō)，最關(guān)鍵的能力就是要對(duì)一些原則和目標(biāo)堅(jiān)定不移。任何領(lǐng)導(dǎo)如果很頻繁的、很輕易的為大眾意志而轉(zhuǎn)移的話，他將會(huì)一事無(wú)成。Inaddressingtheissueitishelpfultoconsider,inturn,threedistinctformsofleadership:business,politicalandsocial-spiritual.Inthebusinessrealm,effectiveleadershipisgenerallydefined,atleastinourcorporateculture,asthatwhichachievesthegoalofprofitmaximizationforafirm’sshareholdersorotherowners.Inthepoliticalrealm,stubbornadherencetoone’sobjectiveintheshorttermmightserveapoliticalleader’sinterestinpreservinghisorherpower,yetinthelongtermsuchbehaviorinvariablyresultsinthatleader’sdownfall.Socio-spiritualleadership,inordertobeeffective,inherentlyrequiresthattheleaderremainsteadfastlycommittedtoprinciple.收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除少數(shù)和多數(shù)之領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與大眾------------------------------"Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisnottheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists,butthegeneralwelfareofallitspeople."一個(gè)偉大國(guó)家最真實(shí)的體現(xiàn)不是它的統(tǒng)治者、藝術(shù)家或者科學(xué)家的成就，而是他所有老百姓的普通福利（幸福）。Admittedly,theoverridingimperativeofanydemocraticstateistoenhancethegeneralwelfareofitscitizenry.Yetthespeakerfailstoprovideaclearlitmustestformeasuringthatwelfare.Manyscientificachievementsservetoenhanceanationgeneralwelfare.Artisticachievementisalsoneededtomakeanationabetterplaceforhumansoverall.Weshouldalsobecarefulnottohastilyassumethatanationisnecessarilygreatmerelybyvirtueoftheachievementsofindividualcitizens.社會(huì)精英和人民大眾thegeneralwelfare------------------------------"Peoplewhopursuetheirownintellectualinterestsforpurelypersonalreasonsaremorelikelytobenefittherestoftheworldthanarepeoplewhotrytoactforthepublicgood."能夠造福社會(huì)的是那些純粹出于個(gè)人原因而追求自己興趣知識(shí)的人，而不是那些打算為大眾謀福利的人。AgreeByhumannaturewearemotivatedtopursueactivitiesinwhichweexcel.Secondly,itisunusualavenuesofpersonalinterestthatmostoftenleadtothegreatestcontributionstosociety.Thirdly,toadoptaviewthatrunscontrarytothespeakerpositionwouldbetosanctioncertainintellectualpursuitswhileproscribingothers—whichsmacksofthoughtcontrolandpoliticaloppression.個(gè)人和整體之動(dòng)機(jī)------------------------------174."Lawsshouldnotberigidorfixed.Instead,theyshouldbeflexibleenoughtotakeaccountofvariouscircumstances,times,andplaces."法律不應(yīng)該是僵化或固定的，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)不同的環(huán)境、時(shí)期和地點(diǎn)而足夠靈活。Ontheonehand,acertainmeasureofconsistency,stabilityandpredictabilityinourlawsisrequiredinorderforustounderstandourlegalobligationsandrightsaswegoaboutourday-to-daybusinessasasociety.Ontheotherhand,rigidlawscanresultinunfairnessifappliedinflexiblyinallplacesatalltimes.法律的靈活性------------------------------"Itispossibletopasslawsthatcontrolorplacelimitsonpeople'sbehavior,butlegislationcannotreformhumannature.Lawscannotchangewhatisinpeople'sheartsandm