高中英語牛津譯林版Unit1Buildingthefuture unit

Unit1Buildingthefuture在美國的弗吉尼亞州，有一個(gè)特殊的農(nóng)場——VolunteerFarm，它由來自各地的志愿者來打理，為許多買不起食物的人們提供新鮮的蔬菜和水果。VolunteerFarmfeedsthehungryHungerintheUnitedStatesisnothingcomparedtohungerinsomepartsofthe10millionAmericanhouseholdsreportthattheydonotalwaysknowwheretheywillfindtheirnextmeal.ThereportbyFeedingAmerica，thelargesthunger-reliefcharityintheUS，alsosaysthateachweek，morethanmillionAmericansturntoemergencyfoodofwhattheyfindincharitiesisbottled，cannedordrygoods.ButattheVolunteerFarminVirginia，freshfoodisbeingharvestedtofeedthehungry.Asitsnamesuggests，thefarmreliesonvolunteerstoweed，plantandthepastsevenyearsthefarmhashadover10,000havecomefromnearlyeveryUSstateand26foreigncountries.Oneday，agroupfromTinklingSpringsChurchdrovemorethan100kilometerstocollectpotatoesfromamajorityofthevolunteers，morethan50，werechildren.Harriet，oneofthechurchleaders，saysthatafterafewhours'workinginthesun，“thechildrengotobed，tired，buttheyknowinaveryphysicalandpracticalwaythattheyhavemadeadifference.”ProducefromtheVolunteerFarmisdistributedthroughlargefoodbanks.“Wereceivedlastyear，about71,000poundsoffreshproducefromtheVolunteerFarm，”saysTeresa，DirectorofVirginiaFoodBank.Shesaysfruitsandvegetablesareimportantforpropernutrition.“Theyarehealthier，somuchbetterforchildren'sbodiesandweareabletoprovidesomuchwiththeVolunteerFarm.”1．PeoplegettheproducefromtheVolunteerFarmdirectly.()2．AllthevolunteersfortheVolunteerFarmcomefromtheUSA.()【答案】SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing詞義搭配1．gravity A．a(chǎn)businesscompanyororganization2．wrestle B．a(chǎn)situationinwhichyouhavetomakeadifficultdecision3．Dilemma C．theforcethatmakestotheground4．permanent D．happeningorexistingforalongtimeorforalltimeinthefuture5．framework E．struggletodealwithisdifficult6．enterprise F．thestructureofaparticularsystem【答案】短語填空putpressureon；ontopof；atrisk；withoutdoubt；atacrossroads；bedependenton；takeplace1．____________everythingelse，mycar'sbeenstolen.2．Advertisements____________girlstobethin.3．Ifwegotowar，innocentliveswillbeput__________.4．Hislifewas____________whenhequithisjob.5．Achild'sdevelopment____________manyfactors.6．TheOlympicGamesof2023____________inLondon.【答案】topofpressureonrisk4．a(chǎn)tacrossroadsdependentonplace背誦下列教材中出現(xiàn)的句型，體會(huì)黑體部分的用法1．Thesethingsprovideaframeworkfornewjobstobecreated,allowingpeopletohelpthemselvessothattheynolongerneedtodependonothers.這些事業(yè)給創(chuàng)造新工作構(gòu)架提供了機(jī)會(huì)，以便使人們自己幫助自己，不再依賴別人。2．Theyaretheresultofteachingamantofishsothathecanfillhisbellyforalifetime.它們是授人以漁的成果，讓一個(gè)人可以一生填飽肚子。3．Whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedtodoistostoppovertybyfightingthecauseofit.發(fā)展中國家真正需要做的就是通過與貧困的根源做斗爭來消滅貧困。從三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案1．WhatwastheconcertheldbyGeldofin1985for?A．Earninghimalargeamountofmoney.B．Raisingmoneyforhungerreliefandpublicawarenessofthefamine.C．Drawingattentionaroundtheworldtothefamine.2．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A．TheUnitedNationssetuptheWorldFoodProgrammein1963.B．TheWFPhashelpedmorethanonebillionpeoplesinceitwassetup，whichisenoughtohelpdevelopingcountries.C．Whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedisthefoodaid.3．What'sthetargetoftheFood-for-Growthprogramme?A．Sendingemergencyfoodaidtocountriesduringtimesofcrisis.B．Helpingpeoplemostatrisk，suchasbabies，pregnantwomenandtheelderly.C．Helpingunemployedpeoplesupportthemselvesbygivingthemworkandpayingtheminfoodaid.【答案】完成下列表格TeachamantofishBobGeldofandLiveAid(Paragraph1)On13July1985，BobGeldoforganizedacharityintwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphiatohungerreliefinconcertnotonlyworldwidebutalsopoliticiansandstatesmen.theWorldFoodProgramme(Paragraphs2～3)ItwasinareanumberofFood-for-Lifeprogrammesendsemergencyfoodaid；theFood-for-Growthprogrammemainlyhelpsthebabies,pregnantwomenandoldpeople；theFood-for-Workprogrammehelpsthepeople6．______.thesituationthatthedevelopingcountriesfaceandthewaystosolvetheproblem(Paragraphs4～8)Thoughsomedevelopingcountriesareseeinggreatdevelopment，theyarestillpoorerthanothercountriesandthereisthattheycouldfallfurtherbehinddevelopedarethreeimportantwaysthatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedtodotostoppoverty：onewayistoimproveits；anotherwayistotheproblemofunemploymentthroughthedevelopmentofprivateenterprisejobtraining；finally，educationandtrainingforyoungpeopleisveryimportant.【答案】moneyfortheheadlinespressureonupjobdangerwith完成下面課文縮寫In1985，peopleinEthiopiabadordertohelpthem，BobGeldoforganizedacharityconcertnamedLiveAidintwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphia，$100milliontobuyfoodandtoassistwithdevelopmentprojectsconcertalsoandputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingabouttheproblemofworldhunger.However，accordingtotheUnitedNations，diseaseandpovertyarestillaseriousprobleminthedevelopingworld，especiallyhunger，whichkillsmorepeoplethananythedilemmaofworldwidehunger，theUNsetuptheagency，WorldFoodProgramme(WFP)inWFPhasorganizedmanyprogrammes，theFood-for-Lifeprogramme，F(xiàn)ood-for-Growth，F(xiàn)ood-for-Workprogrammeandsoon，whichhashelpedmorethanonemillionpeoplesinceitwassetup.Whilesomedevelopingcountriesareseeinggreat，theyarestillveryordertosolvethelong-termproblem，whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedstodoareasfollows：onewaytohelpacountryistoimproveits；anotherwaytohelpacountryisthroughthedevelopmentofalongwithjobtrainingtoaddresstheproblemofunemployment；finally，andtrainingforyoungpeopleisveryimportant.【答案】from4．madetheheadlineswrestlingwithenterpriseSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints1．raten.比率；等級(jí)；價(jià)格，費(fèi)用；速度(教材P1)Manycountriesaroundtheworldaredevelopingataveryfastrate.世界上的許多國家以飛快的速度發(fā)展著。Thetaxiwasgoingatatremendousrate.這輛出租車正以高速行駛。Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5kilometresanhour.大多數(shù)人步行的平均速度為每小時(shí)5公里。①ata．..rate以……的速度attherateof以……速度，以……的比率atanyrate無論如何，不管怎樣atthis/thatrate照這/那情形看來②ratev.估價(jià)；評(píng)價(jià)rate...as...作為……受到評(píng)價(jià)Atanyratethetaskmustbefulfilled.無論如何，任務(wù)必須完成。Theyratedhimhighlyasacolleague.作為同事，他們對(duì)他評(píng)價(jià)甚好。完成句子①人口在以驚人的速度增長。Thepopulationwasgrowing____________.②評(píng)論家和觀眾都認(rèn)為這次演出是成功的。Theshow________asuccessbycriticsandaudiences.③無論如何，我們都要盡力保護(hù)人民的利益。____________，weshouldtrytoprotectthepeople'sinterest.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560000】【答案】①atanalarmingrate②wasrated(as)③Atanyrate2．(教材P2)In1985，therewaslittlerainfallinEthiopia，whichled_topoorharvestsandthedeathofmanyofthecountry'scattle.1985年，埃塞俄比亞幾乎沒有降雨，這導(dǎo)致收成減產(chǎn)和許多牛死亡。(1)leadto導(dǎo)致Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.工作時(shí)間太長且休息不好容易生病。Drinkingtoomuchcoffeecanleadtoincreaseddeathrates.飲咖啡太多可能導(dǎo)致死亡率增加。【提示】此短語中的to是介詞，后面可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。Stayinguptoolateledtohissleepyallday.熬夜太晚導(dǎo)致他一天很困倦。lead...to(someplace)帶領(lǐng)……去(某地)leaddosth.使某人做某事leadtheway帶路；引路lead/livea．..life過著……樣的生活o把……領(lǐng)進(jìn)……Herwordsledmetothinkovermydecisionagain.她的話讓我重新考慮我的決定。Heledustotheconferenceroom.他領(lǐng)我們進(jìn)入會(huì)議室。①這樣一種錯(cuò)誤可能導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果。Suchamistakewouldperhaps________disastrousconsequences.②于是她牽著格爾達(dá)的手，把她帶到小屋子里去，把門鎖起來。ShethentookGerdabythehand,________thelittlecottage,andlockedthedoor.③雖然他們年老了，但是他們生活得仍很活躍。Thoughtheyareoldtheystill________.【答案】①leadto②ledherinto③leadanactivelife(2)cattlen．牛cattle是集合名詞，是“牛”的總稱，本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式，當(dāng)它作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用head作量詞時(shí)，用head的原形，如“10頭?！笨梢哉ftenheadofcattle或tencattle。Hehastwentyheadofcattleonhisfarm.他在農(nóng)場里養(yǎng)了20頭牛。Forthismanycattlewerekilled.為此宰殺了很多牛。④這些牛是從新西蘭來的。________________fromNewZealand.⑤他們賣給國家六百萬頭牛。Theysold6million________________tothestate.【答案】④Thesecattleare⑤headofcattle3．takeplace發(fā)生；舉行，舉辦(教材P2)Theconcerttookplaceon13July1985intwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphia—andincludedthebiggeststarsofthetime.1985年7月13日，音樂會(huì)在倫敦和費(fèi)城兩地舉行，出席者包括了當(dāng)時(shí)最紅的巨星。takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakouttakeplace表示“發(fā)生；舉行，舉辦”，這種事件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排happen作“發(fā)生，碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件occur作“發(fā)生，想到，突然想起”解comeabout表示“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生”，多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否定句breakout意為“發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”，常指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)難、疾病或者爭吵等事件的發(fā)生I'llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.我永遠(yuǎn)弄不明白你怎么一周會(huì)遲到三次。Fightinghasbrokenoutbetweenrivalgroupsoffans.雙方球迷發(fā)生了打斗。選詞填空(takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakout)①M(fèi)aybesomethingunexpected____________.②Greatchangeshave____________inourhometownduringthepasttenyears.③It____________tomethatshedidn'tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.④Doyouknowhowtheairaccident____________？⑤Afire______________inthehospitalatmidnight.【答案】①happened②takenplace③occurred④cameabout⑤brokeout4．intendvt.想要；打算；計(jì)劃；打算使……(成為)(教材P2)Geldofintendedtheconcerttoraisemoneyforhungerreliefandtomakethepublicmoreawareoftheproblem.格爾多夫想通過音樂會(huì)為饑荒籌錢，使公眾更加關(guān)注這一問題。Whatdoyouintendtodotoday?你今天打算做什么？Let'saskherwhatsheintendsustodo.讓我們問問她，她想讓我們做什么。intendtodosth.打算做某事intenddosth.打算讓某人做某事intendthat從句(虛擬語氣)intend...as...打算使……成為……intend...for...打算為……做準(zhǔn)備beintendedfor...打算給……用的Iintendedthatshe(should)go.我計(jì)劃讓她去。Theyintendthisarticleasteachingmaterials.他們打算把這篇文章作為教材。ThatiPadisintendedforyou.那個(gè)iPad是為你而買的?！咎崾尽縣adintendedtodosth.或intendedtohavedonesth.都可以表示“本來打算做某事”。Ihadintendedtoseeyouoffattheairport＝Iintendedtohaveseenyouoffattheairport.我本打算去機(jī)場為你送行。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①Thebookisintended________children.②Thenotesareintended________anintroductiontothecourse.【答案】①for②as5．put/bringpressureon/uponsb.＝laypressureonsb.給……施加壓力(教材P2)Theconcertalsomadetheheadlinesaroundtheworld，andputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingabouttheproblemofworldhunger.音樂會(huì)也受到了全世界媒體的極大關(guān)注，這給政客和政治家施加了巨大壓力，迫使他們?yōu)槭澜琊嚮膯栴}采取行動(dòng)。Shedidn'tputanypressureonhimtotakethejob.她沒有對(duì)他施加壓力要他接受這份工作。Don'tputmuchpressureontheboy；heisonlyachild.不要給這個(gè)男孩施加太大壓力，他只是個(gè)孩子。①pressuren．壓力；壓迫underpressure在壓力之下；被迫，迫不得已underthepressureof在……逼迫下②pressurev.對(duì)……施加壓力pressuredosth.＝pressuredoingsth.迫使某人做某事Everyoneshouldn'tpressurehimself/herselfintomakingahastydecision.每個(gè)人都不該勉強(qiáng)自己倉促做出決定。完成句子①他們給我施壓要我賣掉我的房子。They______________________tosellmyhouse.②主任面對(duì)被迫辭職的壓力越來越大。Thedirectoris__________________toresign.③不必強(qiáng)迫孩子吃東西。Childrenneedn't________________things.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560001】【答案】①put/broughtpressureonme②underincreasingpressure③bepressuredintoeating/toeat6．(教材P2)TheWFPhasorganizeda_number_ofprogrammes，includingtheFood-for-Lifeprogramme，whichsendsemergencyfoodaidtocountriesduringtimesoftrouble；theFood-for-Growthprogramme，whichtargetspeoplemostat_risk，suchasbabies，pregnantwomenandoldpeople...世界糧食計(jì)劃署已經(jīng)組織了若干項(xiàng)目，包括挽救生命糧食計(jì)劃，該計(jì)劃為處于困難時(shí)期的國家送去緊急糧食援助；健康成長糧食計(jì)劃，它主要以身處危險(xiǎn)中的人作為目標(biāo)，例如，嬰兒、孕婦和老年人……(1)anumberof許多Anumberofstudentsareboysinthisgroup.在這個(gè)組里許多學(xué)生都是男生。Agreatnumberofpeoplewerepresentatthemeeting.很多人出席了會(huì)議。anumberof/thenumberofanumberof后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許多的；若干的”。number前可用large，small，good，certain，great等修飾詞。當(dāng)它修飾主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。thenumberof后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“……的數(shù)量/數(shù)目”。當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時(shí)，中心詞是thenumber。如果用作主語，謂語要用單數(shù)。Thereareagreatnumberofgraduatestudentsinthisuniversity.這所大學(xué)有許多研究生。Uptonowthenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledintheearthquakeismorethan60,000.到目前為止地震中喪生的人數(shù)已超過6萬。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Anumberofvolunteers____________(assist)thosepeoplelivingintheearthquake-hitarea.②Anumberofnewoilfields________________________(open)uprecently.【答案】①areassisting②havebeenopened(2)targetvt.將……作為目標(biāo)(常與介詞on或at連用)n.靶；目標(biāo)；指標(biāo)；(譴責(zé)或嘲笑的)對(duì)象Welfarespendingshouldbetargetedonthepeoplewhoneeditmost.福利開支應(yīng)該將那些最有需要的人作為目標(biāo)。Withoutweapons，wearesimplytargetsofourenemies.沒有武器，我們僅僅是敵人的靶子。①targetat/onsth.對(duì)……瞄準(zhǔn)；把……作為靶子；指向……②on/offtarget準(zhǔn)確命中/未命中set/meetatarget制定/達(dá)到目標(biāo)Theprogrammeistargetedatimprovingthehealthofwomenofallages.該項(xiàng)目的目的是改善各年齡層?jì)D女的健康狀況。Duetothestrongwindfewplayersmanagedtogettheirshotsontarget.由于大風(fēng)幾乎沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)員準(zhǔn)確命中目標(biāo)。完成句子③他是眾人取笑的對(duì)象。Heis____________manyjokes.④他們在制定發(fā)展2000名新會(huì)員的目標(biāo)。Theyare____________________2,000newmembers.⑤沒有多少州能達(dá)到他們的目標(biāo)。Notmanystateswill________________.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560002】【答案】③thetargetof④settingatargetof⑤meettheirtargets(3)atrisk處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)(相當(dāng)于indanger)Low-lyingfarmlandmaybeatriskfromfloodingthisweekend.這個(gè)周末地勢低的農(nóng)田可能會(huì)有遭到洪水侵襲的危險(xiǎn)。①attheriskof＝atriskto冒著……的危險(xiǎn)taketheriskofsth./doingsth.冒著……危險(xiǎn)takearisk/takerisks(todosth.)冒險(xiǎn)(做某事)②riskdoingsth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事Hesavedmylifeattheriskoflosinghisown.他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了我的命。Youaretakingabigriskdrivingsofast.你開車這樣快是在冒很大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。完成句子⑥這種疾病正在蔓延，所有兒童都有被感染上的危險(xiǎn)。Thediseaseisspreading，andallyoungchildrenare______________________.⑦如果想在生意上取得成功，就得冒許多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。Youhaveto______________________ifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness.【答案】⑥attheriskofbeinginfected⑦takealotofrisks7．beyonddoubt(＝withoutdoubt)毫無疑問；的確(教材P2)Thisisbeyonddoubtanamazingachievement，butisitenough?毫無疑問，這是驚人的成就，但是這就足夠了嗎？Thismeetinghasbeen，withoutdoubt，oneofthemostusefulwehavehadsofar.這次會(huì)議無疑是我們迄今為止最有用的一次會(huì)議。①doubt用作動(dòng)詞，后接從句，主句是肯定句，用if或whether引導(dǎo)；主句是疑問句或否定句則用that引導(dǎo)。②名詞doubt后接同位語從句時(shí)，否定句、疑問句用that引導(dǎo)，肯定句用whether引導(dǎo)。③thereis...doubtabout對(duì)……懷疑④havedoubtabout對(duì)……懷疑Idoubtwhetherhe'llbesuccessful.我懷疑他是否能成功。Idon'tdoubtthathe'llcometohelpme.毫無疑問他會(huì)來幫助我的。Doyoudoubtthathe'llfinishthetaskontime?你對(duì)他能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)表示懷疑嗎？完成句子①毫無疑問我們做得對(duì)。____________________wedidtherightthing.②你可以抱怨，但是我看抱怨也未必有用。Youcancomplain，but________________it'llmakeanydifference.③我說不準(zhǔn)今天是否下雨。____________ifitwillraintoday.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560003】【答案】①Thereisnodoubtatallthat②Idoubtwhether③Ihavedoubt8．(教材P3)There_is_a_saying_that_goes，‘Giveamanafish，andyoufeedhimforaamantofish，andyoufeedhimfortherestofhislife’．有句俗語是這樣說的：“授人以魚，三餐之需；授人以漁，終生之用?！薄揪涫椒治觥俊癟hereisasayingthatgoes＋從句．”意為“(諺語、消息等)說法是……”，與Astheoldsayinggoes...(常言說道……)用法相似?！癆ccidentswillhappen”，asthesayinggoes.常言道“意外事，總難免”。結(jié)構(gòu)相似的常見Therebe句型有：Thereisnodenyingthat...毫無疑問……Thereisachancethat...有可能……Thereisapossibilitythat...有可能……Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事沒有意義Thereisnoneedfordosth.某人沒必要做某事Thereisnodenyingthatwewillwinthegame.毫無疑問我們會(huì)贏得這場比賽。There'snopointingettingangry.發(fā)火是沒有用的。①臺(tái)灣是中國的一部分，這是不可否認(rèn)的。______________TaiwanisapartofChina.②再和他爭論下去是沒有什么意義的。______________arguingwithhimanymore.③你明天不必早起。____________________foryoutogetupearlytomorrow.【答案】①Thereisnodenyingthat②Thereisnopointin③Thereinnoneed9．(教材P3)Thesethingsprovideaframeworkfornewjobstobecreated，allowing_people_tohelpthemselvessothattheynolongerneedtodependonothers.這些事業(yè)給創(chuàng)造新工作構(gòu)架提供了機(jī)會(huì)，以便使人們自己幫助自己，不再依賴他人?！揪涫椒治觥縜llowingpeopleto...是分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表示結(jié)果，是伴隨謂語動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果(同時(shí)發(fā)生)。謂語動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作是因果關(guān)系。動(dòng)詞不定式短語也可作結(jié)果狀語，但其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后，往往表示未曾預(yù)料到的或令人不快的結(jié)果，不定式前常加only。Hisparentsdied，leavinghimanorphan.他父母雙亡，留下他一個(gè)孤兒。(自然結(jié)果)Ihurriedtothestation，onlytofindthetrainhadleft.我匆忙趕到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已開走了。(意想不到的、不愉快結(jié)果)完成句子①Itrainedheavily,________________(造成那個(gè)國家洪水泛濫)．【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560004】②Hehurriedtothestation，________________(結(jié)果被告知)thathisfrienddidn'tcome.【答案】①causingseverefloodinginthatcountry②onlytobetold10．pretendv．假裝(教材P3)Therearehundredsofsuccessstoriesfromalloverthedevelopingworld，showingthatalotisbeingdonetofightpoverty，yetwecannotpretendthatthefightisover.在各處的發(fā)展中國家有數(shù)以百計(jì)的這樣成功的故事，表明人們正在做許多事情與貧困做斗爭，但我們不能佯稱斗爭已經(jīng)結(jié)束。Hepretendedthathewasillsothathecouldstayathome.他假裝病了以便能待在家里。pretend后可接從句，也常接不定式的三種形式pretendeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todo/be假裝做/是……,tobedoing假裝正在做……,tohavedone假裝已經(jīng)做了……))I'msorry，butIcan'tjustpretendithasn'thappened.我很抱歉，但我不能當(dāng)這件事沒有發(fā)生過。Hepretendedtobedeadwhenhemetabear.他遇到熊時(shí)假裝死了。Hepretendedtobeworkinghard.＝Hepretendedthathewasworkinghard.他假裝在努力工作。用pretend的相關(guān)詞語完成下列小片段AsTomwasn'tinterestedinhislessons,whenevertherewasanexam,hewould①______________(假裝生病).Lastweek,he②______________(假裝頭痛)whentheteacherwasgoingtogivea③______________(假裝痛得厲害)duringthehourlater，whenthequizwasfinished,he④______________(假裝好了)．Whataguy!【答案】①pretendthathewasill/pretendtobeill②pretendedtohaveaheadache③pretendedtobesufferinggreatpain④pretendedtohaverecovered學(xué)業(yè)分層測評(píng)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．HeworksintheCentralIntelligence________(專門機(jī)構(gòu))．2．Bynow'sfamehasspreadfar________(超出……之外)SouthAmerica.3．Herviewsaboutthemarriageareremarkably________(傳統(tǒng)的)．4．I'mina________(窘境)overwhethertotellhimornot.5．Theyareinvolvedinanexcitingscientific____________(事業(yè)，計(jì)劃)．6．Thebuildinghadabrickbaseandmetal________(框架)．7．I'msureyoucanunderstandthe________(嚴(yán)重性)ofthesituation.8．Shesuffered________(長久的)braindamageasaresultoftheaccident.9．Annual________(降雨量)waslowerlastyearthaneverbefore.10．Thepoliceman________(摔跤)thethieftothegroundandarrestedhim.【答案】4．dilemma8．permanentⅡ.單句填空1．Youngwomenaremovingintoprofessions__________afasterrate.2．Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhomevillage__________Ileft.3．Thedictionaryis__________(intend)forthebeginners.4．Anumberofplants__________(put)intooperation.5．Hehasrisked__________(lose)moneytobetonthehorse.6．Thereisnodoubt__________climatechangeisareality.7．Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus__________(cause)thedelay.8．Hepretended__________(see)themoviebefore.9．Thereisa__________(say)thatbankingbusinessisariskbusiness.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560027】10．Alltheroads__________(lead)tothecityhadbeenrepaired.【答案】beenputhaveseen9．sayingⅢ.閱讀理解AWealthstartswithagoalsavingadollaratatime.Callitthepiggybankstrategy(策略).Therearelessonsinthattime-honoredcoin-savingcontainer.Anyhugetaskseemseasierwhenreducedtobabysteps.Ifyouwishtoclimba12,000-footmountain,andcoulddoitadayatatime,youwouldonlyhavetoclimb33feetdailytoreachthetopinayear.Ifyouwanttotakeareallynicetripin10yearsforaspecialoccasion,tocollectthe$15,000cost,youhavetosave$3.93aday.Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter-tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.Weassociatepiggybankswithchildren,butinmanycountries,thelittlecontainersarealsopopularwithadults.Europeansseeapiggybankasasignofgoodfortuneandwealth.Aroundtheworld,manybelieveagiftofapiggybankonNewYear'sDaybringsgoodluckandfinancialsuccess.Ah,butyouhavetoputsomethinginit.Whyisapigusedasasymbolofsaving?Whynotanelephantbank,whichisbiggerandholdsmorecoins?IntheMiddleAges,beforemodernbankingandcreditinstruments,peoplesavedmoneyathome,afewcoinsatatimedroppedintoajarordish.Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange-coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg”，andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”.WhiletheSaxonspronouncedpygg,referringtotheclay,as“pug”，eventuallythetwowordschangedintothesamepronunciation,soundingthe“i”asinpigorpiggy.Asthewordbecamelessassociatedwiththeorangeclayandmorewiththeanimal,acleverpotterfashionedapyggjarintheshapeofapig,delightingchildrenandadults.Thepiggybankwasborn.Originallyyouhadtobreakthebanktogettothemoney,bringinginasenseofseriousnessintosavings.Whilepiggybanksteachchildrenthewisdomofsaving,adultsoftenneedtorelearnchildhoodlessons.Thinkaboutthethingsinlifethatrequirelargeamountsofmoney—collegeeducation,weddings,cars,medicalcare,startingabusiness,buyingahome,andfunstufflikegreattrips.Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了儲(chǔ)蓄罐的由來，并告訴人們應(yīng)平時(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄小錢，以備將來不時(shí)之需。1．Whatisthepiggybankstrategy?A．Paying1%incometaxatatime.B．Settingagoalbeforemakingatravelplan.C．Puttingasidealittlemoneyregularlyforfutureuse.D．Aiminghighevenwhendoingsmallthings.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter-tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.可知儲(chǔ)蓄罐就是為了現(xiàn)在儲(chǔ)蓄以備未來之用。故選C?！敬鸢浮緾2．Whydidthewriter'sparentsgivehimapiggybankasagift?A．Todelighthimwiththelatestfashion.B．Toencouragehimtoclimbmountains.C．ToteachhimEnglishpronunciation.D．Tohelphimformthehabitofsaving.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.可知選D?！敬鸢浮緿3．Thepiggybankoriginallywas________.A．a(chǎn)cheapclaycontainerB．a(chǎn)potter'sinstrumentC．a(chǎn)nanimal-shapeddishD．a(chǎn)pig-liketoyforchildren【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange-coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg”，andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”．可知選A?！敬鸢浮緼4．Thelastparagraphtalksabout________.A．theseriousnessofeducatingchildrenB．theenjoymentoftakingagreattripC．thedifficultyofstartingabusinessD．theimportanceofmanagingmoney【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.可知選D?！敬鸢浮緿B(2023·全國乙卷)IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellMarch2023,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenhave42hourstocarrystemcells(干細(xì)胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheyall，fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐獻(xiàn)者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient，we'vegot72hoursatIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence，RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktowhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid：“Well,I'mreallysorry,I'vegotsomebadnewsforyou—therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid：“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient－please,please,you'vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedarrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme，re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you'reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou'vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody'slife.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。大家都知道，醫(yī)生是救死扶傷的典范，作者雖然不是醫(yī)生，但他的工作也與很多人的性命息息相關(guān)，大家快來讀一讀文章，了解一下他的工作吧！5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?A．provider B．deliverymanC．collector D．medicaldoctor【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞后的I'vedone89trips以及．..fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonortothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient，we'vegot72hours...可知，“我”是一個(gè)運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞的人，運(yùn)送有嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間限制，故B項(xiàng)“送貨員”與之相符合。其他三項(xiàng)的意思：provider供應(yīng)者；collector收集者，收藏家；medicaldoctor醫(yī)生?！敬鸢浮緽6．WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A．Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B．Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C．Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.D．Theicewon'tlastanylonger.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast.可知，保存干細(xì)胞的冰只能維持42個(gè)小時(shí)，所以“我”必須在這個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)送達(dá)，D項(xiàng)與之相符合。A、B、C三項(xiàng)在文中未提及?！敬鸢浮緿7．WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A．ToLondon. B．ToNewark.C．ToProvidence. D．ToWashington.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句Shearrangedforaflight...forme，re-routedmethroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUK...可知，她先安排“我”去了Newark，然后再轉(zhuǎn)到英國，故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緽Ⅳ.翻譯句子1．一場大地震襲擊雅安，導(dǎo)致數(shù)千人失去家園。(用分詞作狀語)________________________________________________________________2．為了趕上早班車他起床很早。(sothat)________________________________________________________________3．現(xiàn)在雅安最需要的就是食品和藥品。(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560028】________________________________________________________________4．在壓力之下，他往往工作得出色。(pressure)________________________________________________________________5．他毫無疑問是我所教過的學(xué)生中最聰明的。(beyonddoubt)________________________________________________________________【答案】bigearthquakehitYa’an，causingthousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.2．Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.3．WhatpeopleneedmostinYa’anisfoodandmedicine.4．Heworksbestunderpressure.5．HeisbeyonddoubttheclevereststudentI'veevertaught.Ⅴ.語法填空(2023·山西忻州四校聯(lián)考改編)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountrysideinourcount.Asachild,I(live)inapoorfamily.Thesecondhandclothes,rain-leakingroofofthehousebecamepartofmymemory.，theworstimpressionisthatI(feel)hungryallthetime.SometimeshungerhitmesoseverelyIregardeddriedsweetpotatoslicesasdelicioussnack.Atthattime,mydreamwasgettingenough(fill)myemptystomach.Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s,asthereformandopening-uppolicywascarriedout,ourdreamcametrue.Andthen,anotherdreambecameclearerandclearerinmymind.Imusttrymy(better)toescapeoutofmypoorandbackwardhometown.Iworked(hard)atmystudythanmostofmyclassmates,and,afterluckily(succeed)intheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination,Irealizedmydreamagain.After(graduate),Ibecameacitizenworkinginacity.Asthefirstcollegegraduateoutofaremotevillage,mysuccesssetanexampleformyfolks.Theycametorealizethatschoolingisagoodwaytochangeone'sfate.Inthefollowingyears,therewerefewerdrop-outsandmorecollegegraduatesinmyvillage,Iamproudofeventoday.【答案】feeling4．thatfill9．graduation

SectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage1．(教材P6)Thewordindustryrefers_toallthebusinessesinvolvedinsupplyingacertainproductorservice.單詞industry是指涉及供應(yīng)某一產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的所有行業(yè)。(1)referto參考；參閱；涉及；談到；提及Inhisspeech，hedidn'trefertotheproblematall.在他的演講中，絲毫未觸及那個(gè)問題。Ifyouhaveanyquestions，pleaserefertotheguidebook.如果你有問題，請參閱旅游指南。①refertosb./sth.提到/說起某人/某事refertosth.參考某物；查看/查閱某物referto...as...把……說成；把……比作refersb./sb.提交某人/某機(jī)構(gòu)做決定/處理②referencen.參考makeareferenceto提到