Unit 5詞匯要點(diǎn)講義- 人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語

1.woodn.木頭;木材wood是不可數(shù)名詞，用piece表達(dá)數(shù)量。Hemadeahousewithpiecesofwood.他用幾塊木頭搭成了一間小屋?！就卣埂縲ood作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“森林;樹林”。Wewentforawalkinthewoods.我們?nèi)ド种猩⒉健?.matchn.火柴Don'tletyourchildrenplaywithmatches.不要讓你的孩子玩火柴?！就卣埂縨atch用作名詞還可以表示“比賽”。Ourteamwonthefootballmatch.我們隊(duì)贏得了足球比賽。match用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“般配”。Thispairofshoesmatchyourdresswell.這雙鞋和你的衣服很相配。3.beatv.敲打;拍打;戰(zhàn)勝;打敗Theybeatdrumstocheeruptheplayers.他們擊鼓使隊(duì)員們高興起來。Ibeatheratswimmingyesterday.我昨天游泳贏了她。4.againstpron.碰;撞Therainbeatagainstthewindows.雨打在窗戶上?！就卣埂縜gainst用作介詞，還可以表示“倚著，靠著”或者“反對(duì)”。Theworkerputtheleaderagainstthewall.工人把梯子靠到墻上。Wewererowingagainstthecurrent.我們?cè)谀媪鲃澊?。Theyareagainstbuildingafactoryhere.他們反對(duì)在這里建工廠。5.asleepadj.睡著的Hecan'thearyou;heisasleep.他聽不見你說話，他睡著了。asleep常用作表語，構(gòu)成短語fallasleep，意為“入睡”。Thelightmusicmadehimfallasleepsoon.這輕柔的音樂讓他很快睡著了。6.risevi.（rose，risen，rising）升起，上升Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽從東方升起，在西方落下。Thewaterintheriverroseaftertheheavyrain.大雨過后河水上漲了?！颈嫖觥縭aise和rise的用法區(qū)別rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升，上漲;起床;站立”，其過去式是rose。Pricesriseeverydayinthosecountries.那些國家的物價(jià)天天上漲。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，其基本含義是“使升起來，舉起”，它的過去式是raised。Heavyrainsraisedtheriver.暴雨使河水水位升高。Raiseyourhandtogetchancetospeak.舉手爭取發(fā)言的機(jī)會(huì)。7.realizevt.理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)，意識(shí)到Hedidn'trealizehismistake.他沒有意識(shí)到他的錯(cuò)誤?！就卣埂縭ealize后常接that從句，意為“意識(shí)到……”。Irealizethatlifehastogoon.我意識(shí)到生命需要繼續(xù)。It'srealizedthat意為“實(shí)踐證明……”。It'srealizedthatthismethodiseffectivetoimprovethequality.實(shí)踐證明，這種方案對(duì)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量是行之有效的。8.completelyadv.完全地;徹底地Icompletelyagreewithyou.我完全同意你的觀點(diǎn)。Thiswasallcompletelynewtome.這對(duì)我來說是全新的?！就卣埂縞ompleteadj.完整的v.完成Wewereincompleteagreement.我們的意見完全一致。Workontheofficebuildingwillbecompleteattheendoftheyear.辦公大樓工程將于年底竣工。9.daten.日期—What'sthedatetoday？今天幾號(hào)？—It'sSeptember24.今天是九月二十四號(hào)?！就卣埂縒hatdayisittoday？今天是星期幾？10.truthn.實(shí)情，事實(shí)Areyoutellingmethetruth？你講的是真話嗎？【拓展】totellthetruth表示“說實(shí)話”，放在句中作插入語，用逗號(hào)同句子其它成分隔開。Totellthetruth，Idon'tagreewithyou.說真格的，我不同意你的意見。true為形容詞，意為“真的”。Isittruethathelefthere？他離開這兒的消息是真的嗎？11.gooff發(fā)出響聲Everyoneranoutofthebuildingassoonasthefirealarmwentoff.火險(xiǎn)警報(bào)剛響起，大家紛紛從大樓里跑了出來?！就卣埂縢ooff還可以表示“爆炸;離開;停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。Abombwentoffjustnow.剛才一顆炸彈爆炸了。Dannydecidedgooffonhisown.丹尼決定自己走。12.pickup接電話pickup相當(dāng)于answerthephone。Whydon'tyoupickup/answerthephone？你為什么不接電話？【拓展】pickup還可以表示“撿起;開車接送”。Mypenisunderyourdesk.Canyoupickitupforme？我的鋼筆在你桌子下面。你能幫我撿起來嗎？Canyoupickmeupatthestation？你能在車站接我嗎？13.diedown逐漸變?nèi)?逐漸消失Thefireintheforestisdyingdown，andwillsoondieaway.森林的火勢(shì)在逐漸減弱，不久會(huì)消失的?！就卣埂縟ieaway意為“消失;完全消失”。Thesounddiedaway.聲音逐漸消失?！咀⒁狻縟ie的過去式是died，現(xiàn)在分詞形式是dying。14.makeone'swayto前往……I'llhavetomakemywaytoBeijing.