unit 1 漢翻英的基本要求

漢翻英的基本要求1.正確理解，避免誤譯改正下列各句的翻譯：a.我的話將完了，耽誤大家時間了。Myspeechisover.Sorrytohavewastedyourtime.b.武行者心中要吃，哪里聽他分說，一片聲喝道：“放屁！放屁！”NowWuthepriestlongedmuchinhishearttoeat,andsohowcouldhebewillingtolistentothisexplanation?Hehellowedforth,“Passyourwind—passyourwind!”C.老大爺天天親自送孫女上學(xué)。Thegrandpasendshisgranddaughtertotheschooleveryday.D.這種論點(diǎn)目前還有一定的市場。Thisargumenthassomemarketatpresent.E.湘云笑道：“阿彌陀佛！剛剛兒的明白了?！薄癆mitabha!”saidXiang-Yun,“Sheunderstands.”F.對于各家火鍋店來說，羊肉大同小異，主要文章都在小料里。Toeveryhot-potrestaurant,muttonisprettymuchthesame,andthemainarticleisintheirsauceandingredients.G發(fā)展是硬道理。Developmentisahardreason.H.Thatguyreallyknowsathingortwo.那家伙真是略知一二。I.Hehasgotholdofthewrongendofthestick.他的棍子拿倒了。J.Youareasightforsoreeyes.你是讓人望眼欲穿的人。

2.注意詞匯的褒貶，語義范圍，輕重等

a.他哥哥醉心于醫(yī)學(xué)研究，而他弟弟卻醉心于追名逐利。a.他哥哥醉心于醫(yī)學(xué)研究，而他弟弟卻醉心于追名逐利。Hiselderbrotherisengrossedinmedicalresearch,buthisyoungerbrotherisinfatuatedwithfameandgain.b.他那九十歲高齡的父親已于上周去世了。c.臭名卓著的希特勒終于一命嗚呼了。

b.他那九十歲高齡的父親已于上周去世了。Hisfatherpassedawayatanadvancedageofninetylastweek.c.臭名卓著的希特勒終于一命嗚呼了。NotoriousHitlerdidkickthebucketatlonglast.d.他是個苛刻的老板，要求手下的人對他忠心耿耿，鞠躬盡瘁。d.他是個苛刻的老板，要求手下的人對他忠心耿耿，鞠躬盡瘁。Asademandingboss,heexpectedtotalloyaltyanddedicationfromhisemployees.e.他作為流氓的惡名是他死后才傳開的。e.他作為流氓的惡名是他死后才傳開的。Hisnotorietyasarakedidnotcomeuntilhisdeath.不能翻譯為hisfameasarakef.這個人私販鴉片。1.Thismansecretlysellsopium.2.Thismanisatraffickerofopium.G.他們講唯心論，我們講唯物論。Theyadvocateidealism,whereaswematerialism.Theypreachidealismwhereasweadvocatematerialism.H.別了，司徒雷登。1.Goodbye,LeightonStuart!2.Farewell,LeightonStuart!

I.他們組成了兩個陰謀奪取最高權(quán)力的反革命集團(tuán)。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.I.他們組成了兩個陰謀奪取最高權(quán)力的反革命集團(tuán)。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.

必須堅(jiān)持“農(nóng)林牧副漁相結(jié)合”的發(fā)展方針。Wemuststicktotheprincipleofcombiningfarming,forestry,animalhusbandry,sideoccupationsandfisheryinruraldevelopment.3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦

（a.意思重復(fù)或相近的詞只取其一即可）A.三四個篩酒的酒保都手忙腳亂，搬東搬西。Buttheseservingmenweresobusy,theirhandsandfeetwereallinconfusion,andtheyweremovingthingshitherandthither,eastandwest.

Acoupleofwaiterswereingreathurryservingfoodanddrink.B.老伴開導(dǎo)我“人要衣裝，佛要金裝”的道理，我過去一直不以為然。Mywifehadalwaysremindedmeoftheoldsaying“itisclothesthatmaketheman”.ButIneverthoughtmuchofit.C.海峽兩岸的中國人都是骨肉同胞、手足兄弟。TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.D.目標(biāo)的輕重緩急，孰先孰后，應(yīng)仔細(xì)研究，認(rèn)真考慮，反復(fù)推敲才是。Forthetarget,whichisheavyandwhichislight,whichisurgentandwhichisunhurried,andwhichisearlyandwhichislateshouldbecarefullystudied,earnestlyconsideredandrepeatedlydeliberated.

Targetprioritiesshouldbeverycarefullystudied.3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦（B.省略范疇詞)A.他們進(jìn)行挑釁活動，制造緊張局勢，必須馬上停止。Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatestensions.B.前怕狼后怕虎的態(tài)度將會使你一事無成?！癋earingdragonsaheadandtigersbehind”willresultinnothingtoyou.C.整個城市的交通狀況將在五年內(nèi)得到較大改善。Thetransportationofthecitywillbegreatlyimprovedduringthefiveyears.

D.他的朋友聽到他家中的困難情況后，都主動伸出援助之手。Afterhisfriendsheardabouthisfamilydifficulties,theyofferedherahand.課堂練習(xí)1：省略范疇詞1.大家都被他那種不負(fù)責(zé)任的做法激怒了。2.我們都被他的無私精神深深打動。3.他的傲慢態(tài)度使他孤立無援。4.大廳里充滿了莊重的氣氛。5.她的冷漠態(tài)度讓很多朋友離她而去。6.對他在工作中表現(xiàn)出來的徇私作風(fēng)誰都不滿意。3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦（C.省略不言而喻/華而不實(shí)的詞語)A.我們的目的，一定能達(dá)到。Ourgoalwillbeattained.Ourgoalwillbeattainedcertainly.B.我們要徹底粉碎敵人的陰謀。Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemy.Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemycompletely.C.不要白白浪費(fèi)這樣一個千載難逢的機(jī)會。Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunity.Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunityfornothing.D.她用鼻子聞了聞那朵花。Shetookasmellattheflower.Shetookasmellattheflowerwithhernose.E.雙方一致同意。Bothsidesagreed.Bothsidesagreedunanimously.F.我們應(yīng)該大力加快經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的步伐。Weshouldaccelerateeconomicreform.Weshouldmakegreateffortstoacceleratethepaceofeconomicreform.課堂練習(xí)2.翻譯下列句子，注意省略1.這是走向繁榮的最根本的道路。2.他暗暗下定決心：一定重新做人。3.中國政府鄭重申明。4.這些都是騙人的謊言。5.記者紛紛飛到阿拉斯加去了。6.依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各種犯罪活動。4.注意語言的生動形象A.你個小淘氣！Youlittlerascal!

Hownaughtyyouare!B.你讓我倒他媽的八輩子邪霉了。I’muptomyneckinyourbullshit.HowmisfortunateIamduetoyou.C.姑娘們聽到這個好消息個個笑逐顏開。Girlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews.Girlsbegantosmilehappilyonhearingthegoodnews.D.歲月不知不覺地過去了。Timegoesby.Theyearsstealby.E.他兒子當(dāng)時還是一個小不點(diǎn)兒。Hissonwasonlyknee-hightoagrasshopper.Hissonwasonlyalittleboy.課堂練習(xí)3.比較下列翻譯1.這就點(diǎn)燃了武裝斗爭的燎原之火。Thiskindledtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.Thislightedtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.2.他嚇得魂不附體。Hewasterrifiedoutofhissenses.Heisveryafraid.3.法西斯的暴行激起了全世界人民極大的憤怒。Thecruelbehaviorofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatanger.Theatrocitiesofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatindignation.4.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展，特別是加入世界貿(mào)易組織，中國將融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的大潮。1.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,Chienseeconomywillmergeintothetideoftheworldeconomy.2.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,theeconomyofChinawillconvergewiththatoftheworld.5.孩子們都穿上了大衣，戴上了圍巾和手套，全身都給裹得暖和和的。Thechildrenwearovercoats,putonscarvesandgloves,andthewholebodiesaresnugged.Thechildrenweresnuggedinovercoats,mufflersandmittens.6.他們你一句，我一句，說個沒玩。Theytalkedonandon.Theytookturnstosayonewordafteranother,withoutstop.7.那個溫度計(jì)一定不準(zhǔn)。Thatthermometerisnotaccurate.Thatthermometermustbelying.8.那部打字機(jī)在書桌上占去的地方太多了。Thisthetypewriteristoogreedyondeskspace.Thetypewritertakesuptoomuchspaceonthedesk.9.他總算把記著招待會對付過去了。Afterall,hesurvivedthepressconference.Afterall,hedealswiththepressconference.課后作業(yè)翻譯下列句子1.愛情是風(fēng)花雪夜，婚姻是柴米油鹽。2.本店貨色齊全，品種多樣，任君挑選。3.我們說，長征是歷史紀(jì)錄上的第一次，長征是宣言書，長征是宣傳隊(duì)，長征時播種機(jī)。4.我校目前尚未設(shè)博士點(diǎn)。5.我們相信用不了多久我們的產(chǎn)品就會走向世界。6.好的時候不要看得太好，壞的時候不要看得太壞。最重要的是要有遠(yuǎn)見，殺雞取卵的方式是短視的行為。7.依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各種犯罪活動，堅(jiān)決掃除黃賭毒等社會丑惡現(xiàn)象。8.我們應(yīng)該防止急躁情緒。9.分子處于永恒的運(yùn)動狀態(tài)中。10.它顯示出社會主義制度的優(yōu)勢。翻譯下面的段落可能是中國的電視小品不太容易讓老百姓過上一把癮，于是電視里有興起把幾個外國人弄到臺上。導(dǎo)演都跟商量好了似的，讓他們在臺上裝瘋賣傻。我真納悶，怎么到中國來的外國人一上了舞臺，不是愣小子就是傻丫頭?。∵€有的中國演員演外國人的時候，故意說一口變了味的、怪腔怪調(diào)的中國話，聽得真讓人三伏天一身一身地起雞皮疙瘩！PerhapsbecauseChinesecomicshowsonTVrarelygivetheaudienceagoodlaugh,ithasnowbecometrendytoincludeforeignersinthestoryline.Asiftherewereatacitagreementamongdirectors,theyallmaketheforeignersplaythefool.IhavestartedtowonderwhyforeignersinChina,onceonstage,turnoutwithoutexceptiontobeeitherbrainlessbabesorrecklessbrats.IntheshowswhereforeignersareplayedbyChineseperformers,theyspeakChinesewithadeliberate