初中數(shù)詞詳解

數(shù)詞的用法及練習numerals數(shù)詞就是表示事物的數(shù)量和順序的詞,分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。一、基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量的多少的詞是基數(shù)詞，如：one,two,three等。構成方法如下：1、1-12分別由從one到twelve12個各不相同的詞表示。2、13-19均以后綴-teen結尾。3、20-90的整十詞均以后綴-ty結尾。表示“幾十幾”時，個位和十位之間需加結字符，如：twenty-one,thirty-two,forty-three.4、表示具體、準確的數(shù)目時，hundred,thousand,million等詞后不能加-s,如：fivehundred,sixthousand,seventhousand,sevenmillion等。5、當hundred,thousand等數(shù)詞與of連用，表示不具體、不準確的數(shù)目時，詞尾須加-s。如：thousandsofstudents,millionsoftrees.數(shù)詞:二、序數(shù)詞：序數(shù)詞表示人和事物的順序，其構成方法如下：1、不規(guī)則變化：基數(shù)詞onetwothreefiveeightninetwelve序數(shù)詞firstsecondthirdfiftheighthninthtwelfth2.以-ty結尾的表示“幾十”的基數(shù)詞，先把y變?yōu)镮,再加-eth,如thirty—thirtieth,ninety—ninetieth等。3.表示“第幾十幾”時，十位數(shù)的“幾十”仍用基數(shù)詞，只把處位部分變成序數(shù)詞就行了。如：thirty-one—thirty－first,forty-two—forty-second等。4.除上述情況外，均在詞尾加-th,如：ten—tenth,onehundred—onehundredth。一、表示事物的編號基數(shù)詞放在名詞的后邊，該名詞一般要大寫；序數(shù)字放在名詞的前面，加定冠詞。如：Lesson1/thefirstlessonRow3/thethirdlesson二、年、日、時刻的表達方法1、“年”用基數(shù)詞，“日”用序數(shù)詞，前面要加定冠詞。讀的順序是月、日、年。如：1999年5月2日讀作：Maythesecond,nineteenninety。2、“時刻”用基數(shù)詞表達，同時要注意以下幾點：1）表示“整點”時，在基數(shù)詞后加o’clock,如：9o’clock.數(shù)詞的用法:2）分鐘小于或等于30分鐘的，用“分鐘數(shù)+past+鐘點數(shù)”形式；如分鐘數(shù)大于30分鐘的，用“到下一個分鐘數(shù)所差的分鐘數(shù)+to+下一個分鐘數(shù)”形式；也可以依次讀鐘點數(shù)和分鐘數(shù)。如：7:20twentypastseven或seventwenty3)注意表示兩個特殊的表示分鐘的單位詞；30分鐘用half,15分鐘用aquarter。如：6:30讀作：halfpastsix5:45讀作：aquartertosix6:15讀作：aquarterpastsix三、分數(shù)的表達方法：表示分數(shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復數(shù)；分數(shù)修飾名詞時，后面用短語。

如：onethirdofteachersthreesevensoftheboys

??分別用ahalf和aquarter表示。四、“基數(shù)詞-名詞-形容詞”只能用在名詞前作定語。如：sheisa3-year-oldgirl.Theyliveina7-storey-highbuilding.注：這種結構中名詞不能用復數(shù)，同時只能作定語，用作表語時，不用連字符，名詞用復數(shù)。如：Jimis10yearsoldthisyear.Jimisa10-year-oldboy.專題例析:例1Thenumber2,146isreadas__________.A.twothousandsandonehundredandfortyandsix.B.twothousandandahundredandforty-six.C.twothousand,onehundredandforty-six.D.twothousands,onehundred,forty-six.分析:英語數(shù)字的讀法是有規(guī)律的,百位跟十位之間加and,十位與個位用連字符,三位以上的數(shù)用逗號分開,第一個逗號代表thousand等.根據(jù)數(shù)字的讀法,可以找出正確答案為C.例2Thereare_____peopleinmyfamily.Weliveinthe_____floorinatallbuilding.A.five;sixB.fifth;sixthC.fifth;sixD.five,sixth分析:第一個空表示數(shù)量肜基數(shù)詞,第二個空表示順序用序數(shù)詞,選D.例3——Excuseme,howdoesthisnumber20,135read?

——Itreads___________.A.twentythousandsonehundredandthirtyfiveB.twentythousandonehundredthirtyfiveC.twentythousand,onehundredandthirty-fiveD.twentythousands,onehundredandthirty-five分析：根據(jù)數(shù)字的讀法規(guī)律，選C。例4Inourclass______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.threefifthsB.threefifthC.thirdfiveD.thirdfifths分析：根據(jù)分數(shù)的表達方法，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復數(shù)可以找到正確答案為A。專題訓練:Thisabigclass,and______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.twothirdB.secondthreeC.twothirdsD.twothreeThequestionsisveryeasy,evena_____childcananswerit.A.three-yearsoldB.threeyearsoldC.three-year-oldD.threeyearold3.The_____manontheleftisBeckman,afamousfootballplayer.A.twoB.secondC.three4.——Whichclasswonthematchintheend?——I’mnotsure.Maybe_____did.A.ClassThirdB.ClassThreeC.thirdthreeD.ClassThreeCCBD5.Nine_____poundsaweek?That’sverygood.A.hundredofB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.hundred.6.Sharkshavebeenontheearthfor_____years.A.thousandsofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.thousandof7.______peoplecometoJilintovisitMountChangbaieveryyear.A.ThousandsofB.ThousandofC.ThousandsD.Thousand8.Thecomputerwascheap.Ispentonlytwo_____yuanonit.A.thousandsB.thousandC.thousandsofD.thousandofDAAB9.About_____oftheworkersintheclothesfactoryarewomen.A.thirdfifthsB.thirdfifthC.threefifthsD.threefifth10.Theroadisover______metreslong.A.sixhundredsandfifty-twoB.sixhundredandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-twoD.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo11.Septemberis_____monthoftheyear.A.ninthB.eighthC.theeighthD.theninth12.It’sabout______kilometresfromNanningtoBeijing.A.twothousandfivehundredandsixtyB.twothousandfivehundredsandsixtyC.twothousandsfivehundredandsixtyD.twothousandsfivehundredsandsixtyCBDA13.Everyyear,______fishesarekilledbythepollutedwater.A.millionofB.millionsofC.twomillionsofD.twomillions14.Theboytoldtheoldwoman,“Thetrainwillarriveattwototwo.”Itmeans______.A.2:02B.2:20C.1:58D.1:4015.Sarasaidwewouldmeetat_____infrontofthemuseum.A.onethirtyB.halfanhourC.oneandthirtyD.onepastthirty16.We’llhavea_____holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.two-monthC.twomonth’sD.two-monthsBCAB17.Nowchildren,turntopage______andlookatthe_____pictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth;oneB.twenty;oneC.twentieth;firstD.twenty;first18.Todaywearegoingtolearnthe____lesson.A.twentyB.twentithC.twentiethD.twentyth19.Dinosaureggswerefoundinthe_____.A.1990B.1990thC.1990sD.1990s’20.——HowoftendoItakeit?——______.A.twiceB.twiceadayC.twiceonedayD.intwicedaysDCCB練習題：1.寫出下列數(shù)詞相對應的基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞。1)One

.2)Two

.3)three

.4)nine

.5)twelve

.6)twenty

.7)eighty-eight

.8)sixty-two

.9)fifty-four.

10)fourhundred.11)sixth.

12)thirteenth.13)eleventh

14)hundredth.firstsecondthirdninthtwelfthtwentietheighty-eighthsixty-secondfifty-fourthfourhundredthsixthirteenelevenOnehundredandthree2.根據(jù)提示完成下列英文句子。1）6:30--whattimeisit?--itis.2)4月1日Todayis.3)2+1=3

isthree.3.選擇填空。1）

ofthevisitorsareforeibners.

A.ThreefiveB.Three-fifthC.Three-fifthsD.Thirdfive2）Thereare

peopleonthesquare.

A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredsofD.fivehundreds3)Theteacheraskedustowritea

compositioninonehour.

A.three-hundred-wordsB.threehundredofwordsC.three–hundreds-wordsD.three–hundred–wordApril1stsixthirty/halfpastsixtwoplusoneCCD4)--What

isCharliein?--Heisin.

A.row,rowFourB.row,RowFourC.rows,fourrowDrows,rowFour.5)–Howmuchisfive

six?--Eleven.

A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided4.寫出下列數(shù)字的英語讀法。1)4/7.2)0.28.3)1/4.4)3.14.5)30%.5)0.7%.BAfoue-seventhsaquarterzeropointtwoeightthreepointonefourzeropointsevenpercentthirtypercent從事物內(nèi)容上分析，基數(shù)詞用在下列情況。

1)編號的事物用基數(shù)詞。TodaywearegoingtostudyLessonFive.今天我們要學習第五課。Pleaseopenyourbooksatpageten.請打開書，翻到十頁。WeliveinRoom101.我們住在101房間。2)表示“年，月，日”時用基數(shù)詞。Theaccidenttookplacein1982.這次事故發(fā)生在一九八二年。IwasborninOct.11,1956.我出生在一九五六年，十月，十一日。YoucouldseemanyflowersinJune.六月份你可以看到好多花。3)表示“幾點鐘，幾點過幾分”用基數(shù)詞。It'sthreeo'clock.現(xiàn)在是三點鐘。Itistwototwo.現(xiàn)在是兩點差兩分。WearrivedinBeijingatfivetoseven.我們七點差五分到達北京。4)用于加減乘除的數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于五。Eightminusfourisfour.八減四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四。Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除以二等于五。5)表示大幾倍或者小幾倍用基數(shù)詞。Thisriveristwotimeslongerthanthatone.這條河比那條河長兩倍。Thisboxisfivetimeslessthanthatone.這個盒子比那個盒子小五倍。Fivetimessixisthirty.五乘以六得三十。6)表示百分數(shù)用基數(shù)詞。Thirtypercentofthemiswater.它們當中有30%的水。Eightypercentofwhathesaidistrue.他的話有80%是真實的。7)表示分數(shù)時，分子數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞,但分母要用序數(shù)詞,如分子不是1，序數(shù)詞要用復數(shù)形式。One-fifthofthebooksaremine.三分之一的書是我的。Three-tenthsofwaterisdisappeared.十分之三的水不見了。8)表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞。5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefiveone

hundredone

thousandten

thousandone

hundred

thousandone

millionten

millionone

hundred

million

one

billionten

billionone

hundred

billiontens/hundreds/thousands/millionsof

一百

一千

一萬

十萬

一百萬

一千萬

一億

十億

一百億

一千億數(shù)十/百/千/百萬看誰譯得快：序數(shù)詞的變化1onefirst2twosecond3threethi