第二單元單詞講解和重點(diǎn)句型

1.Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.(Ll-2)

endurance

n.忍耐，忍耐力e.g.Heshowedremarkableendurancethroughouthisstrugglewiththecancer.

在整個(gè)與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)期間，他表現(xiàn)出非同一般的忍受能力。Longdistancerunnersneedgreatendurance.長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員需要有很大的耐力

NewWords2.moderatea.

1.averageinamount,quality,etc.;notextreme2.oforhaving(usu.political)opinionsthatarenotextremeTheroomisofmoderatesize-justrightforasmallfamily.這間屋中等大小，正好適合一個(gè)小家庭住。FOREXAMPLE:Thedeputyofthepartyleaderismoremoderateinherviews.該黨派領(lǐng)袖的副手觀點(diǎn)比較溫和。

Antonym:moderateimmoderateim﹢consumevt.

consume

vt.

1.eatordrink2.use,esp.inlargeamounts

3.consumevt.

whollytotakeTrytofigureout:assume假定presume推測(cè)FOREXAMPLE:Heconsumesvastquantitiesofmeatwitheverymeal.

他每餐都吃大量的肉。Thisistime-consumingwork.這是一項(xiàng)需要時(shí)間的工作.

4.supplementn.(L10)

TranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoamonthlyfinancialmagazineTheyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.復(fù)合維生素和礦物質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑一份金融月刊的特別增刊除了常規(guī)工作外，他們還干些零活，以補(bǔ)充收入。UsefulExpressions5.tobounceback

(遭受挫敗／損失后)很快恢復(fù)他厄運(yùn)不斷，但似乎每次都能恢復(fù)元?dú)?。He’shadnoendofbadluck,buthejustseemstobouncebackeverytime.

6.respectively

ad.

[Meaning]separatelyorinturnrespectfula.respectable

a.respectivea.respecting

prep.respectful

a.respectable

a.respectfula.去尊重別人尊敬的,有禮貌的respectable

a.別人尊重自己受人尊敬的,高尚的與“尊重”無(wú)關(guān)分別的,各自的關(guān)于Heisa__________professorandweare_________.Afterclass,wewentbacktoour________dorms.Wewenttovisitour__________mothers.respectablerespectfulrespectiveExercises:respectiveWordsandExpressions—WordUsing7.plusconj./prep.(L18)

①furthermoreoradditionally②and;alsoTranslationKey我太忙了，另外，我也缺現(xiàn)金。三加六等于九。Iamtoobusy,plusIamshortofcash.Threeplussixisnine.8.liablea.(L24)1)likely;2)suffering(from)Phrase

beliabletodosth.UseitWhatisapersonliabletodowhenhe/sheisverytired/angry…?

He/sheisliableto…when…9.allowancen.(L26)1)theamountallowedorgranted限額，定量e.g.:

Mostofourflightshaveabaggageallowanceof20kgperpassenger.

我們的大多數(shù)航班容許每位旅客免費(fèi)帶20公斤行李。Whatisyourweeklyallowanceofmilk?Useite.g.

Themanagertraveledonbusinesswithanallowancethatcoveredhotelandrestaurantbills.這位經(jīng)理出差時(shí)有包括食宿的補(bǔ)貼。2)Something,suchasmoney,givenatregular

intervalsorforaspecificpurpose津貼，補(bǔ)貼等9.allowancen.(L26)10.sufficienta.(L45)Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthatheisguilty.e.g.

近形詞efficient有效率的（efficiency–n.)派生詞sufficiency(n.)UseitWhatifyouhadalotofmoney?Withsufficientmoney,Iwould…11.yearlya.

[Meaning]:everyyearoronceayear

-ly

加在時(shí)間名詞之后,表示“與...時(shí)間一塊的,每...的”

e.g.:hourly每小時(shí)的quarterly每季度的

daily每天的nightly每夜的

monthly每月的加在名詞之后,表示“...的,有...特征的”

e.g.:manly有男子氣概的

costly昂貴的12.derivevt.

1.getorobtain(sth.)(fromsth.else)2.have(sth.)asanoriginFOREXAMPLE:deriveknowledgefromreadingderiveaconclusionfromfacts從閱讀中學(xué)到知識(shí)從事實(shí)推出結(jié)論Ourcityisnotedforsplendidold-fashionedbuildingsfromwhichtouristscanderivegreatpleasure.我們的城市以輝煌的古代建筑而聞名，游客可以從游覽中獲得很多樂(lè)趣。

12.derivefrom(L63)Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderive

pleasurefromhelpingothers.e.g.

1)obtain(especiallyafeelingoranadvantage)from有些人從幫助他人中得到快樂(lè)，他便是其中之一。12.derivefrom(L63)Thetownderivesitsnamefromtheriveronwhichitwasbuilt.Translation2)comefrom

這個(gè)市鎮(zhèn)沿河而建，由此得名。近形詞

deprive:takeawayfrom剝削，奪去deprivesb./sth.ofsth.13.strikinga.(L65)Isthereanythingstrikinginyourlife?Whatisthat?Useitverynoticeable;makingastrongimpression源詞

strike敲打；突襲；給······印象；罷工14.interferevi.

1.preventsth.Frombeingdoneorcarriedoutproperly2.involveoneselfinmatterswhicharecombinedwithotherpeoplecompare:erferewith(L67)

Everytimethetelephoneringsitinterferes

withmywork.

電話一響就打斷我的工作。e.g.

1)preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress2)touchorchangesth.withoutpermission很多人認(rèn)為科學(xué)家不該做干涉大自然的事。Translation

Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldn’t

erferewith(L67)

Ihaveneverinterferedinhisaffair.

我從不干預(yù)他的事。interfereinsth.指別人未請(qǐng)而自己主動(dòng)參與interferewithsth.指阻礙事情發(fā)生Comparison

interfereine.g.

15.remedy

v./n.(L74)

①

correctorimproveasituation

②asolutiontoaproblem;acureforpain

orminorillnessTranslationEffortstoremedythisfaultmustbeginrightaway.Warmthisthebestremedyforacold.要立即糾正這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。熱療是治療感冒最好的方法。Key16.

tipsb.overtheedge

(L25)makesomeonesounhappythattheycannotdealwiththeirlifeorasituationanylongerTranslation由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，許多公司處于破產(chǎn)的邊緣。過(guò)多的壓力使她處于崩潰的邊緣。KeyBecauseoffinancialcrisis,manycompaniesweretippedovertheedgeofbankruptcy.Toomuchpressuretippedherovertheedgeof

breakdown.17.

throwup

(L57)

vomit;besick

Translation這強(qiáng)烈的氣味使我嘔吐了。Thestrongsmellmademethrowup.KeyMorePhrasesthrowaway放棄，丟掉；throwout否決，不接受；throwover放棄，跟（某人）吹了SentenceAnalysisAppositive

同位語(yǔ)…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.(L6)Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.(L34)Splittheabovetwosentencesintosimplesentencesrespectively.…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle.SheisanassociateprofessoratPurdueUniversity.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves.Itisaconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.

Nowcombinethefollowingsimplesentencesintoonesentencebyusingappositives.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofphilosophersandsoldiers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofpoetsandcraftsmen.TheancientChinesegavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.TheancientChinese,apeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers,philosophersandsoldiers,poetsandcraftsmen,gavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.2.SentenceStructure:absolutestructureLanguagepointsinPartIVTheironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreeho