專題14-第十四章語(yǔ)氣（初高區(qū)別及銜接）（學(xué)生版）-2021-2022學(xué)年英語(yǔ)初升高銜接大串講（牛津譯林版2020）

第十四章語(yǔ)氣初中知識(shí)回顧初中學(xué)習(xí)的是陳述語(yǔ)氣和祈使語(yǔ)氣。這兩種語(yǔ)氣，都是表示真實(shí)的描述、推測(cè)或者命令等?；仡櫼唬宏愂稣Z(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和某些感嘆句。.Thereabasketballmatchinourschooltomorrow.A.willhaveB.wiilbeC.arcD.isgoingtobe回顧二：祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人的建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。.yourumbrella,oryou'llcatchacoldonsucharainyday.A.TakeB.TotakeC.TakingD.Takes高中知識(shí)銜接在高中，我們要學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式。它用來(lái)表示所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。類別用法例句if引導(dǎo)的條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式（be用were）；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：had+過(guò)去分詞；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+havc+過(guò)去分詞IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式/should+動(dòng)詞原物were+不定式;主句動(dòng)詞:should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.其他狀語(yǔ)從句asif引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成式Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.evenif/though引導(dǎo)的從句，與現(xiàn)在將來(lái)/事實(shí)相反：從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，主句動(dòng)詞用should/would+動(dòng)詞Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.

原形。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反:從句動(dòng)詞：had+過(guò)去分詞；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would+have+過(guò)去分詞賓語(yǔ)從句demand,suggest,order,insist等表命令、建議、要求后的從句中動(dòng)詞（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Hesuggestedthatwenotchangeourmind.wish后的從句中分別用過(guò)去式、過(guò)去完成式和coukVwould+動(dòng)詞原形表示與現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去和將來(lái)情況相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.主語(yǔ)從句在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat...,Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat...等從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriends.表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句作idea,advice,order,demand,request等表命令、建議、要求的詞的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Myadviceisthatyou(should)finishyourhomeworkfirst.Theideathatyou(should)goisright.其他句型中Itistimethat…句型中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或shou【d+動(dòng)詞原形It'shightimethatweleft.wouldrather所接的從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.Ifonly句型中動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式，表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!1.1didn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome2.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold3lWherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoing(obecompletelyruined.一Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe0.wouldn'thavebeen4-1havegonethroughahardtimeinthelastfewyears.A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe0.wouldn'thavebeen-Really?!wishyoumeaboutitearlier.Afterali,wearcfriends.A.toldB.hadtoldC.wouldtoldD.tell.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken.—Thankyoufbrtellingmeofthetime,orIlateyesterday.-Don'tmentionit.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.willhavebeenD.wouldhavebeenthroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn'thavegoneB.didn'tgoC.wouldn'tgoD.hadn'tgone.Withouthishelp,!theworkintime.A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountiy.butI'dratherhemoreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused.-Don'tyouthinkitnecessarythathetoMiamibuttoNewYork?-Iagree,buttheproblemis.hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbescnt;whatD.shouldnotscnd;what思考總結(jié)虛擬語(yǔ)氣是高中階段的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法，常常用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、請(qǐng)求、建議、驚奇、設(shè)想等。其?？键c(diǎn)為：1.判斷表示建議、命令、請(qǐng)求后的從句所使用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣；2.without,butfor等隱含的虛擬語(yǔ)氣;3.if引導(dǎo)的錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語(yǔ)氣。隨堂練習(xí)I.單句填空1.Shouldnaps(小睡)actually(take)duringtheday?2/I'hcrcarctwodrivers.Onehasadestinationinmindwhichcan(find)onamap.n.單句改錯(cuò)4.ThoughIdon'tknowwhatIcandofbrtheanimalsyet,Icanatleasttofollowmybrother.5.ShealsosuggestedthatIcanintroducemyculturetomyclassmates..（2019江蘇,31）Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe（have）agoodtimetogether..（2019天津,14）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey（accomplish）thetaskinhalfthetime..（2018」匕京,12）Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdatacauseseriousproblemsforacompany..（2018天津,10）1can'tfindmypurse.Ihaveleftitinthesupennarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure..（2018天津we（caich）theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow..（2018江蘇,27）Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andiwishI（have）asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved..（2017北京,21）Samucl,thetallestboyinourclass,easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf..（2017天津,2）Myroomisamess,butIcleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning..（2017天津,15）—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I（be）abletoreachheryesterday..（2017江蘇,22）（be）itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty..（2016北京,31）1love（heweekend,becauseIgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays..（2016北京,34）Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou（tell）me,Icouldhavehelped..（2016天津,5）Itwasreallyannoying;Igetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended..（2016江蘇,27）Ifit（be）forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow..（2015江蘇,28）ItmighthavesavedmesometroubleIknowntheschedule..（2015天津,13）1wishI（be）atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen..（2015安徽,32）Itisluckywebookedaroomerwe（have）nowheretostaynow..（2015陜西,23）Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI（dance）aswellasher..（2015北京,29）―Can'tyoustayalittlelonger?—It'sgettinglate.Ireallyg