Unit+1+Past+and+present1+Grammar課件【知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛+備課精研】 牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

Unit1PastandpresentGrammarLearningaims

1.Learntousethepresentperfecttense.2.Knowtoformthepastparticiplesofregularandirregularverbs.3.Realizethedifferencebetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepresentperfecttense.HowlonghasMr.ChenlivedinSunshineTown?2.CanMr.Chenseehisoldfriendsasoftenasbefore?Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.No.Becausemostofhisoldfriendshavemovedaway.Lead-inAskandanswerhave/has+done(動(dòng)詞過去分詞)presentperfecttenseAstoryaboutEddie!pastpresent

Eddiewasborn

fouryearsago.Step1:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法fouryearsago我們用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

presentpastpastpresent4years

Eddiehaslived

withMilliesincehewasborn.EddiehaslivedwithMillie

forfouryears.我們用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已完成但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有一定影響的動(dòng)作。presentpastHobotoldMillie:“Eddiehaseatenmyfood.”(EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat.）PresentPerfectTense

(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài))基本結(jié)構(gòu):助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Workouttherule!Step2:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成We___________

(live)here

sincewewereborn.

for14years.havelivedStep2:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成We____________(study)heresince2016.for2years.havestudiedIhavewatchedtheTVshowmanytimes.HaveyouwatchedtheTVshow

manytimes?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.He/Shehasn’twatchedthe

TVshowmanytimes.一般疑問句否定句肯定回答/否定回答PresentPerfectTense

(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))一般疑問式:將have/has提前到句首Workouttherule!

回答:肯定：否定：Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.PresentPerfectTense

(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

否定式:

have/hasnot+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

Workouttherule!

haven’t/hasn’tExercises

(仿照例句看表格造句）Whohavedonehaven’tdoneWecleantheroomcleanthewindowseeafilmmakedinnerTheySheflytoBeijingvisittheGreatWallMyfather1.We____________theroombutwe_____________thewindow.2._______you________theroom?Yes,_______.________you________thewindow?No,__________.havecleanedhaven’tcleanedHavecleanedwehaveHavewehaven’tcleanedbuyfoodwatchBeijingOperamovelivelovelike動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成:visitrepairwatchfinishvisitedvisited

repairedrepairedwatchedwatchedfinishedfinishedmovedmovedlivedlived

lovedloved

likedliked

verb＋ed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾＋dStep3:過去分詞的構(gòu)成stopmoptrapplanstoppedstopped

moppedmoppedtrappedtrappedplannedplanned注:以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母＋ed雙寫＋edstudyhurrystudiedstudiedhurriedhurried去y＋ied注:以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,去y＋ied.動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成:過去分詞的構(gòu)成Typeoriginalp.tp.pcostcostcostcomecamecomerunranrungetgotgotcatchcaughtcaughtseesawseenforgetforgotforgottendrinkdrankdrunkgrowgrewgrowneatateeatenABBAAA

ABCABA不規(guī)則變化p0donatecatcheatseekeephavecomestopliveam/isbuildputTaskone:Playagame（說出所給動(dòng)詞的過去分詞）1borrow2hope3make4get5plan6cry7send8watch9say10grow11hit12enjoy1borrow2hope3make4get5plan6cryborrowedhopedmadegotplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrownhitenjoyedTasktwo:

FinishPartAonpage14（1）already“已經(jīng)”，放在肯定句句中或句末；（2）yet放在疑問句句尾時(shí)，表示“已經(jīng)”；放在否定句句尾時(shí)，表示“還(沒，不)”step4.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及區(qū)別（3）ever

“曾經(jīng)”，用于疑問句或否定句中；（4）never

“從來(lái)沒有”，表示否定句中。（5）just

“剛剛”，用于陳述句中。（6）recently

“近來(lái)”，用于句末。(7)sofar“到目前為止”（8）before“之前”，用于句末（9）for+時(shí)間段（10）since+過去的時(shí)間或一般過去式的句子Taskone:用already或yet填空Hehas________visitedmany

placesinChina.2.Lilyhashadbreakfast___________.Hasshearrived_______?

Havetheycome________?

5.Thetrainhasn'tarrived__________.alreadyalreadyyetyet

yet注意"already"

在句中的兩種位置.1.—Haveyou______seenthefilm?

—No.Ihave_______seenit.2.—Hasthebusleft_____?—Yes.Ithasleft________.No.Ithasn’tleft_______.

everneveryetalreadyyet選擇already,yet,never,ever填空。

Tasktwo1They____________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2John_____never______(visit)China.3Mr.Li____________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4We___________(notsee)eachotherforyears.5Myparents___________(notcome)backyet.6Ourteacher___________(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.havefinishedhasvisitedhasrepairedhaven’tseenhastaughthaven’tcomeFinishPartBonpage14M:______you____(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,I_______.Whataboutyou?M:I__________(see)onelastSaturday.S:What’sitabout?M:It’saboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I__________(learn)moreaboutBeijing’spastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI__________(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain?M:Yes,I’dliketo.Haveseenhaven’tsawhavelearnthaveheardFinishPartConpage14simplepasttensevs.presentperfecttenseHowwelldoyouknowhim?Hestudiedatprimaryschool

from

2005

to2011.Hejoined

theTFboysfouryearsago.19992005201120132017He

was

bornin1999.bornprimaryschooljointheTFboysHe

was

bornin1999.Hestudiedatprimaryschool

from

2005

to2011.He

joined

theTFboysfouryearsago.常與一般過去時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間有：yesterday(morning/afternoon/evening),thedaybeforeyesterday,lastnight(week/month/year)(twodays/aweek/threeyears)ago,thismorningin(1990,October),theotherday,justnowsimplepasttense一般過去時(shí)我們用一般過去時(shí)談?wù)撛谶^去某一時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).Thedifferencesbetweenthesimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttensesimplepasttense一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Definitions定義Forms構(gòu)成Timeexpression時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ThingsthathappenedinthepastAnactionhappenedinthepastandcontinuestonow;Theresultofanaction;Howmanytimesanactionhappenedinthepast.pastform(過去式)have/has+pastparticiple（過去分詞）yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow,...lastyear/...,twoyears/...ago，in2008/...since,for,already,just,ever,never,yet,recently,once,twice,...,manytimes,in/during/overtheyears,sofar,tillnowTestyourselves!FinishPartAandBonp41I______(visit)thePalaceMuseumwithmygrandparentstheotherday.I________(climb)MountHuanglastSummer.visitedclimbed_____youever_____(try)thefamousTianjinBaozi?IamhappythatI___________(learn)toswim.

Havetried

havelearnt1.I________________(finish/just)myhomework.Millie________(finish)herhomework20minutesago.2.I______(write)anemailtomyfriendyesterday.Daniel_________________(write/already)twoemails.hasalreadywrittenhavejustfinishedwrotefinished3.I______(be)inHainanlastweek.Someofourclassmates_____________(notbe)toHainanyet.4.I__________(live)inSunshineTownsinceIwasborn.Daniel_____(live)inNanjingin2007.waslivedhavelivedhavenotbeenLevel1中考鏈接()1.HaveyoueverbeentoYangzhou?Yes.Lastmonth,I______there.A.havebeenB.wentC.willgoD.go()2.Julieandherfather______totheSlenderWestLaketwodaysago.They______theremanytimes.A.went;havebeenB.go;havebeenC.went;hasbeenD.havegone;are()3.Amumberoftourists_______Yangzhouoverthepastyears.A.havebeentoB.hasbeentoC.hasgonetoD.havegoneto()4.Iwonderwhenyou_________thenewwatch.Well,I______itfortwoweeks.A.havebought;havehadB.bought;haveboughtC.bought;havehadD.havebought;havebought()5.

Where

have

you_______

these

days?

I

have_______

to

Yangzhou

with

my

friends.

A.

been;

gone

B.

been;

been

C.

gone;

been

D.

gone;

gone

Level2用一般過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成下列句子。

1.Eric

__________(live)here

since

he

________(move)

to

Wuxi.2.He________(buy)

an

English

dictionary

yesterday.

3.Someone

____

just

_______(turn)

off

the

lights

in

the

room.4.Millie

________(see)

the

film

on

TV

last

night.5.They

_____________(learn)

English

for

nearly

ten

years.

haslivedmovedboughthasturnedsawhavelearntMillie:___________________(you/be/ever)toNanjing?Simon:Yes.I(2)____________(be)therethreetimes.Millie:When(3)____________(you/go)therelast?Simon:Lastsummer.I(4)______(spend)aweekthere.Millie:(5)____________(you/like)i