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《開放英語3》形成性考核冊及參考答案作業(yè)1第一部分:交際用語(每題2分,共10分)1-5小題:閱讀下面的小對話,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出的字母符號。1.MayIhelpyou,madam?___(dá)____(dá)__D________(dá)__(dá)__.Sorry,IhavenoideaYes,IknowwhattobuyYou’dbettergivemeahandYes,I‘dlike2kilosoforanges2.MayIknowyouraddress?____(dá)____A___(dá)____(dá)_______.Sure.Hereyouare.IhavenoideaIt’sfarfromhereSorry,I’veforgotten3.Well,Mary,howareyou?________(dá)_C__(dá)___________(dá)_.I’mgoodI’mpleasedI’mfineI’mnice4.Idon’tlikethesportsprogramsonSundays.__B___(dá)___A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoamID.NeitheramI5.Willyougoonapicnicwithustomorrow?___(dá)______B_____(dá)_____(dá)_______(dá)__(dá).Yes,butI’llhaveEnglishclasses.Sorry,IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Brown.I’mafraidIhavenoidea.NeitheramI第二部分:詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)(每題1分,共15分)6-20小題:閱讀下面的句子,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。6.Ithappened___(dá)D__(dá)__(dá)_awinternight.A.at?? ? B.in ? C.by? ?D.on7Iknowitisn’timportantbutIcan’thelp__(dá)B___(dá)_____aboutit.A.buttothink? ?B.thinking ??C.to ? D.think8.That’sallsettled.It____D___(dá)__(dá)__talkedabout.A.shouldn’t ? B.mustn’tbe C.can’t ?D.needn’tbe9.Herparentsdiedwhenshewasveryyoung,soshewas___A____(dá)__(dá)__byheraunt.A.broughtup ? B.broughtout C.grownup ?D.grown10.___(dá)__B___(dá)___(dá)_____h(yuǎn)esaidisquiteright.A.That ????B.What ???C.How???D.Why11.Don’tworry.Thereis___C________roomforallyourbookshere.A.more? ? B.much? C.enough ?D.some12.What’shappenedtoTom?____D_______(dá)____tohospital.A.He’staken ? B.He’llbetaken ?C.He’lltake ?D.He’sbeentaken13.Idon’tsupposehewillattendthemeeting,___(dá)B________(dá)__?A.won’the? ?B.willhe? C.doI???D.don’tI14._______A___(dá)______(dá)_fineweatheritis!A.What ?B.Whata? ?C.How? D.Howa15NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__(dá)__B__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__tiredofhavingoneexaminat(yī)ionafteranother.A.is? B.are??? C.am ?D.be16.Ourplane___A_____(dá)_fromLondonat7:00yesterdayevening.A.tookoff? ??B.putoff? C.flewoff? D.leftoff17.Mr.Whitehasawifeandthreechildrento_A_____(dá)__.A.raise?? ?B.keep? C.grow ??D.take18.Hekeptthelightinhisroom___(dá)B____(dá)___thewholenight.A.burnt ??? B.burning??C.burn??D.toburn19.Besureto___(dá)__A_____(dá)___yourwifewhenyoucomeherethisevening.A.bring ? B.take ??C.get??D.carry20.Hehasbeen__(dá)B_____(dá)___(dá)inhospitalforamonth.A.danger ? B.indanger??C.dangerousD.adanger第三部分:完型填空(每題2分,共20分)21-30小題:閱讀下面的短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesto____21_C____(dá)___AsianandWesterneducat(yī)ionalmethods.Forexample,oneadvantage___22__B___theeducationinJapanisthatstudentstherelearnmuchmoremathandscience____23_C__(dá)__Americanstudents.TheyalsostudymorehourseachdaythanAmericans____24_D____.Thestudyisdifficult,butit_25___C__(dá)____studentsforasocietythatvaluesdisciplineandself-control.Thereis,however,adisadvantage.MemorizationisanimportantlearningmethodinJapaneseschools,__(dá)___26_B_____manystudentssaythatafteranexam,theyforgetmuchoftheinformationthat(yī)theyhavememorized.TheadvantagetotheeducationinNorthAmerica,__(dá)_27__C__(dá)___theotherhand,isthatstudentslearntothinkbythemselves.Thesystempreparesthemforasocietythatvalues__28_C___ideas.Thereis,however,adisadvantage.Whenstudentsgraduatefromhighschool,theyhaven’tmemorized__(dá)_29__D___manybasicrulesandfactsasstudentsinothercountries__(dá)_30_A__(dá)__.21.A.notonly? ?B.all ?C.both? D.only22.A.for? ?B.to ? C.in???D.as23.A.to?? B.for ??C.than D.do24.A.have ?B.studying C.does D.do25.A.provides B.gets? ?C.prepares??D.does26.A.and ??B.yet? ?C.not?? D.just27.A.at ? B.to ? C.on ??D.under28.A.good ??B.poor?? C.new???D.as29.A.more B.less? ?C.good?? D.as30.A.have B.do?? C.haven’t D.does第四部分:閱讀理解(每題2分,共40分)31-45小題:閱讀下列短文,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選擇一個對的答案,并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。短文理解1Thousandsofyearsago,inthemiddleofanocean,milesfromthenearestisland,anunderseavolcanobrokeout.Thehotliquidpiledhigherandhigherandspreadwiderandwider.Inthisway,anislandroseupinthesea.Astimewenton,hotsunandcoolrainsmadetherocksplitandbreaktopieces.Seawavesdashedagainsttherock.Inthisway,soilandsandcameintobeing.Nothinglivedonthenakedsoil.Andthenthewindandbirdsbroughtplantseeds,spidersandotherlittlecreat(yī)uresthere.Onlyplantscouldgrowfirst.Onlythey,insunlight,couldproducefoodfromthemineralsofthesoil,waterandair.Whilemanyanimalslandedontheisland,theycouldfindnofood.Aspiderspunitswebinvain,becausetherewerenoinsectsforitswebtocatch.Insectscouldn’tstayuntiltherewereplantsfrothemtoeat.Soplantshadtobethepioneerlifeonthisnewisland.31.Thepassagecenterson__(dá)__D______(dá)_.A.howanunderseavolcanobrokeoutB.howanislandroseupintheseaC.howsoilwasformedonanewislandD.howlifebeganonavolcano-producedisland32.Accordingtothepassage,theislandgotitsfirstsoilfrom__(dá)_A___(dá)____.A.seawavesB.thesandbroughtbythewindC.itsownrockD.coolrains33.Theword“naked”(inpara.3)couldbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?__D__(dá)____A.hiddenB.newC.mysteriousD.bare34.Theorderofcomingintobeingontheislandis__(dá)D_____(dá)__.A.soil,plantsandanimalsB.soil,littlecreaturesandplantsC.soil,birdsandplantsD.soil,humanbeingsandanimals35.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?___D___(dá)___A.Spiderswerethefirstlifethatcouldliveontheisland.B.Theislandisfarawayfromanypieceofland.C.Insectscouldnotliveontheislandwithoutplants.D.Plantswerebroughttotheislandbyhumanbeing.短文理解2Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople—nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages–haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.TheoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocoatreebySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondonshopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWo(hù)rld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine”of1845-6,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoemigrat(yī)etoAmerica.TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.BrazilisnowtheWorld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia.ItisfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe1400’s.AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenagoatherdnamedKaldinoticedthathisgoat(yī)swereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.36.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?__(dá)_A___(dá)A.Food ? ?C.PotatoB.Chocolate ? D.Coffee37.“Some”in“Somestillexisttoday”refersto___C__(dá)____(dá)__.A.somecocoat(yī)rees C.someshopsB.somechocolatedrinks ?D.someSouthAmericanIndians38.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because___(dá)C______(dá)___.A.theyweresodependentonthepotatothattheyrefusedtoeat(yī)anythingelse.B.theywereforcedtoemigratetoAmericaC.theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingthepotatoD.thepotatoharvestwasbad39.Coffeeoriginallycamefrom___(dá)D_______.A.Brazil ? ?B.ColombiaC.Ethiopia D.Arabia40.TheArabiclegendisusedtoprovethat(yī)___D___(dá)__(dá)__.A.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldiB.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldi’sgoatsC.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredinSouthAmericancountriesD.coffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs短文理解3Whowillstagethegames?PreparingfortheOlympicsGamesisahugeundertaking.Justliketheathletes,thehostcityspendsyearsgettingreadyfortheevent.BeforedecidingwhichcitywillhosttheOlympicGames,theInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)hastoexaminebidsfromallovertheworld.Biddingforthegamesbeginsabouttenyearsinadvance.Withoutpreparingaverystrongbid(1),acitywillnotwinthecompetitiontohostthegames.Beijingwaschosenforthe2023gamesfromfivebidders—Osaka,Paris,TorontoandIstanbul.(2)Whydoesittakesolongtoprepare?Buildingtheinfrastructurecostshugeamountsofmoney.HoldingtheWorldCupin2023inJapanandSouthKorea,forexample,meantthattennewstadiumshadtobebuilt,aswellasmanyhotelsandanimprovedtransportsystem.InBeijing,afterwinningthebidthegovernmentbeganmajorconstructionprojects—theextensionoftheunderground,theimprovementoftheairportandthebuildingofnewmotorways.EachhostcitymustalsobuildanOlympicvillagefortheathletes.Byplantingtreesandcreatingparks,thecitybecomesmoreat(yī)tractivefortourists.WhydocountrieswanttohosttheOlympicGames?Hostingthegameshasamajoreffectontheeconomyandbringsinternationalprestigetothecountry.Thousandsandthousandsofvisitorscometothegamesandthehostcitiesarepermanentlyimproved.41.BiddingfortheOlympicGamesusuallystarts___D_______beforethegamesarereallyheld.A.twoyearsB.eightyearsC.oneyearD.tenyears42.Beijingwasoneofthe_B__(dá)_____biddersforthe2023games.A.fourB.fiveC.tenD.three43.TheWorldCup2023washeldin___(dá)__A_____.A.JapanB.SouthKoreaC.ChinaD.AandB44.WhatconstructionprojectsdidBeijingstartafterwinningthebid?___(dá)D___(dá)_____A.Theextensionoftheunderground.B.Theimprovementoftheairport.C.Thebuildingofnewmotorways.D.Alloftheabove.45.WhydocountrieswanttohosttheOlympicGames?____(dá)D_______A.Becauseithasamajoreffectontheeconomy.B.Becauseitbringsinternationalprestigetothecountry.C.Becausethehostcitiesarepermanentlyimproved.D.Alloftheabove.46-50小題:閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷其后的句子是對的(T),錯誤(F),還是文字中沒有涉及相關(guān)信息(NG)。(每題2分,共10分)Peoplewhocannottellallcolorsapartaresaidtobecolorblind.Mostcolor-blindpeoplecanseeyellowandblues,butconfuseredswithgreens.Itisveryrareforapersonbetoblindtoallcolors,buttheymayseeeverythinginshadesofblack,white,andgray.Itisinterestingtonotethatmanycolor-blindpeopledon’tevenrealizethattheyarecolor-blind.Theydon’tknowthatthecolorstheyareseeingandnamingarenottheactualcolorsthat(yī)peoplewithnormalvisioncansee.Thiscanbeparticularlydangerouswhenacolor-blindpersonconfusestheredandgreenofatrafficlight.Colorblindnessisthoughttobeinherited.Andalthoughdoctorshavethoughtupteststodeterminecolorblindness,thereisnocuretotreat(yī)mentforit.F46.Acolor-blindpersoncantellredandgreenapartcorrectly.T47.Manycolor-blindpeopleareunawarethattheyarecolor-blind.F48.It’sespeciallydangerousforacolor-blindpersontocrossastreetwhentherearenotrafficlightsat(yī)thecrossofthestreets.NG49.Acolor-blindpersonisnotallowedtodrive.F50.Uptonow,doctorshavefoundawaytofreeapersonfromhiscolorblindness.作業(yè)2第一部分:交際用語(每題2分,共10分)1-5小題:閱讀下面的小對話,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出的字母符號。1.Niceweather,isn’tit?_______C____(dá)___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__.I’mnotsureYourknowitwellYes,itisYes,itisn’t2.Whataboutgoingforawalk?_________(dá)A__(dá)__(dá)__________(dá)____.Whynot?AgoodideaThat’sallrightSo,doIWalkingisgoodtoyou3.Wo(hù)uldyoumindifIopenthewindowforabetterview?__(dá)________(dá)_D_________(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)__(dá).That’sfine,thankyouYes,pleaseTakeaseat(yī)Ofcoursenot4.Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?__(dá)_________(dá)D___(dá)___(dá)__(dá)_____(dá)____(dá)__.It’snotveryfarfromhereThesupermarketisverylargeThegoodsthereareveryexpensiveSorry,sir.I’mastrangerheremyself5.What’stheproblem,Harry?__(dá)_______D_____(dá)_________(dá)_______.NoproblemNotroubleatallThankyouforaskingmeaboutitIcan’trememberwhereIleftmyglasses第二部分:詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)(每題1分,共15分)6-20小題:閱讀下面的句子,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。6.Whichdoyoulikebetter,realmovies____D____(dá)___cartoons?A.and,than B.or,than ?C.and,and???D.or,to7.WhatafoolIhavebeen?。議y__B___(dá)__(dá)_Ithinkofthatbefore?A.don’t B.didn’t ??C.not ?D.do8.Timeismoney!Weshould___B____(dá)__(dá)___ourtime.A.befitfor?? B.makegooduseofC.playapartof?? D.taketheplaceof9.Youmustexplain___C______(dá)__(dá)_h(yuǎn)owtheysucceeded__(dá)_________(dá)theexperiment.A.ofus,for? B.atus,at(yī)? C.tous,in? D.forus,to10.Ofallthestorieshere,Ilikethisone___(dá)A___(dá)___(dá)_.It’snotinterestingatall.A.spoken,written B.speaking,writtenC.speaking,writing ? D.speak,write11.Wemustmakeadifferencebetween____A__(dá)___(dá)_languageand__(dá)_______(dá)language.A.spoken,written?? B.speaking,writtenC.speaking,writing ? D.speak,write12.Ithinkallthesearemainpoints___B___(dá)_____muchattention.A.beingworthyof? ?B.worthyofC.whichworth ?D.whichworthyof13.They__B___(dá)__thetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.A.saw? ???B.watched C.noticed ?D.observed14.CanI(lǐng)getyouacupoftea?____(dá)___(dá)_A_____(dá)________(dá)___(dá)___.that’sveryniceofyouwithpleasureyoucan,pleasethankyouforthetea15.___(dá)__D____(dá)__(dá)__itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.A.Whenleft??? B.LeavingC.Ifyouleave ??D.Leave16.Maryforgot__(dá)__B___(dá)__(dá)__alettertohermother,soshewrotetoherjustnow.A.writing ??B.towriteC.havingwrote?? D.tohavewritten17.Ifyou__A__(dá)_____stopsmoking,youcanonlyexpecttohaveabadcough.A.won’t ???B.wouldn’t ? C.don’t? D.can’t18.She’sunluckyandshe’salwayssuffering__D______luckoneafteranother.A.asick? ? B.anill ??C.sick? ?D.ill19.After__C_____(dá)_theshoppinglist,IfoundthatIforgottobuysalt.A.examining ? B.testing C.checking ?D.seeing20.Lindaofferedhimhercongratulat(yī)ions__(dá)_D________hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.A.at?? B.for????C.of?? D.on第三部分:完型填空(每題2分,共20分)21-30小題:閱讀下面的短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。Mostworkersspendeighthoursonthejobadayon_21B____(dá)___.Theyworkbecausetheyneedmoneyfornecessities.Theyspendaboutonethirdoftheirlivesatwork,buthat(yī)eit.Bycontrast,somepeopleactually___22_B___(dá)___(dá)work.Theyspend__23_A__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)hoursonthejobeachweekandoftentakeworkhomewiththem.Theyarecalled“workaholics”astheyareaddictedtotheirjobasotherpeopleare___24_C_______alcohol.Wo(hù)rkaholicswould___25_D____workthandoanythingelseandthiscanbemostimportanttotheirlife.Workaholicsareoften__26_B___(dá)___stress.Theycan’trelaxandfeeltense._27__B_____theymayeasilylosetemper.Theirworkthereforehasseriousimpactontheirrelationshipsandfamilylife.Topicalworkaholicspaylittleattentiontofamilies.Theyspend__28_C___(dá)__(dá)timewiththeirchildrenandtheirmarriagesmay_29_B_______indivorce.Theirinabilitytorelaxmaycause30___A_____problems,suchashighbloodpressure.21.A.weekends B.workdays??C.eachweek ?D.everyday22.A.hate? ??B.enjoy ?C.do ?? D.dislike23.A.extra B.rather ? C.less? ??D.fewer24.A.for? ??B.like????C.to ? D.into25.A.better ? B.liketo? ?C.do D.rat(yī)her26.A.on? B.under C.in ?D.for27.A.Asamatteroffact?? ?B.AsaresultC.Asitis? ????? D.Asyoucanfind28.A.more? ??B.much? ?C.little? D.a(chǎn)little29.A.begin? B.end ??C.beginning ?D.ending30.A.health ??B.blood? C.mental???D.family第四部分:閱讀理解(每題2分,共40分)31-45小題:閱讀下列短文,從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選擇一個對的答案,并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。短文理解1OncethekingofIndiafellillandsentforhisdoctor.Thedoctorcame,examinedhimandsaid,“Youwillbewellagaininafewdaysifyoutakebull’smilk.”Thekingwasverysurprised,forhehadneverheardofabullthatgavemilk.“Howisitpossible?”heasked.“OrderGulbo,thescholar,togetitforyou.Hecandoanything.”ThedoctorwasanenemytoGulbo,andthoughtthiswouldbeawayofmakinghimsuffer.WhenthekingtoldGulbowhatthedoctorhadsaidandorderedhimtogetbull’smilk,Gulboimmediatelyunderstoodwhatthedoctorwastryingtodo.Whenhegothomehesatthinkinghowtogetoutofthedifficulties.Hisdaughter,seeinghimworried,askedwhatwasthematter.Onhearingwhatthekinghadaskedfor,shesaid,“Don’tworry,father,I’llhelpyou.”Thenextdayshetooksomeoldclothes,wenttothebankoftherivernearthepalace,andchoseaplacebelowtheking’sbedroomwindow.Inthemiddleofthenight,wheneveryonewasinbed,shestartedtodoherwashing.Shemadesomuchnoisethat(yī)thekingcouldnotsleep.Thekinggotveryangryandsetaguardtofindoutwhatwasthematter.Thesoldierfoundthegirl,andledhertotheking.“Whydoyouwashyourclotheshereatnight?”askedtheking.Thegirlpretendedtobeafraidandsaid,“Ihadtowashclothesatnight.Thisafternoonmyfatherhadababy.Iwasbusyalldaybecauseofthat(yī).ThenIfoundtherewerenocleanclothesforthebaby,soIhadtocomeandwashthemnow.”“What!”criedtheking,“Areyoutryingtomakeafoolofme?Whoeverheardofamanhavingababy?”“Well,ifthekinghimselforderssomeonetogetbull’smilkforhim,whycan’tamanhaveababy?”Thekingsmiledandsaid,“YoumustbeGulbo’sdaughter.Goandtellyourfatherthathemaykeepthebull’smilkforhisbaby.”31.Accordingtothedoctorinthestory,theking’sillnesscanbecuredby__(dá)D______(dá).A.makingGulbosufferB.drinkingbull’smilkC.seeinganotherdoctorD.feedinghimwithcow’milk32.ThedoctortoldthekingtoaskGulbotofindbull’smilkbecausehe___(dá)D___(dá)___.A.admiredGulbogreatlyB.hatedGulboverymuchC.thoughtGulbowasascholarD.triedtomakeGulboanotherdoctor33.HowdidGulbofeelaftergettingtheking’sorder?__B___(dá)____A.Hewasupset.B.Hewasexcited.C.Hewassurprised.D.Hewasdisappointed.34.WhydidGulbo’sdaughterwashclothesbelowtheking’sbedroomwindowat(yī)night?___D____(dá)_A.Becauseshewasforcedtodoit.B.Becausesheoftenwashedclothesthere.C.Becausesheenjoyedwashingclothesthere.D.Becauseshewantedthekingtonoticeher.35.Fromthedialoguebetweenthekingandthegirl,weknowthatafterhearingthegirl’sstory,theking_____C_____(dá)__.A.wantedtoseethebabyB.becameangrywithherC.thoughtthegirlwasafoolD.understoodthegirl’smeaning短文理解2Peopleallovertheworldtodayarebeginningtohearandlearnmoreandmoreabouttheproblemofpollution.Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman’sreleaseofcompletelynewandoftenartificialsubstanceintotheenvironment,orbyreleasinggreat(yī)lyincreasedamountsofanat(yī)uralsubstance,suchasoilfromoiltankersintothesea.Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthatmuchofthepollutioncausedcouldbecontrolledifonlycompanies,individualsandgovernmentswouldmakemoreefforts.Inthehomethereisanobviousneedtocontrollitterandwaste.Foodcomeswrappedupthreeoffourtimesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof;drinksareincreasinglysoldinbottlesortinswhichcan’tbereused.Thisnotonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreatwasteofresources,intermsofglass,metalandpaper.Advertisinghashelpedthisprocessbypersuadingmanyofusnotonlytobuythingsweneitherwantnorneed,butalsotothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Pollutionandwastecombinetobeaproblemeveryonecanhelptosolvebycuttingoutunnecessarybuying,excessuseandcarelessdisposaloftheproductsweuseinourdailylives.36.Themaincauseofpollutionis____A__(dá)__(dá)__.A.thereleaseofartificialornaturalsubstancesintotheenvironmentB.theproductionofnewindustrialgoodsC.increasedamountsofanaturalsubstanceD.ourever-increasingpopulation37.Muchofthepollutioncouldbecontrolledifonly__C___(dá)___.A.peoplewouldpaymoreattentiontotheproblemB.governmentswouldtakeeffectivemeasuresC.allsidesconcernedwouldmakemoreeffortsD.farmerswoulduselessartificialfertilizers38.Foodpackages,bottlesandtinsfordrinkscancause___B___(dá)____(dá).A.airandwaterpollutionB.bothalitterproblemandawasterofresourcesC.topayfortheserviceD.toproducethereceipt39.Whichofthefollowingcannothelpsolvingtheproblemofpollution?__(dá)_B____(dá)___A.CuttingoutunnecessarybuyingB.EatingC.Reduceexcessuse.D.Carefullydisposeourdailyproducts.40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“litter”meaninparagraph2?__C_______A.notmanyB.seriousproblemC.bitsofwastethingsD.industrialpollution短文理解3BenjaminDisraeli,thefamousnineteenthcenturyprimeminister,said,“Londonisnotacity,itisanation.”Todaythisisanunderstatement;London,withitsvastrangeofdifferentethnicgroups,isaworld.Certainly,Londonisthemostculturallydiversecityintheworld.ThecitywasfoundedbytheRomansandsincethennewarrivalshaveconstantlyaddedtoitscharacterandprosperity.Within10years40%ofLondonerswillbefromethnicminoritygroups,includingthegrowingnumberofLondonersofmixedethnicorigin,butmostofthemwillhavebeenborninBritain.ChildrenofCaribbean—ChinesemarriageswillgotoschoolwithchildrenofRussia-Irishcouples.NoneofthemwillbeEnglish,butallofthemwillbeLondoners.MostofBritain’sethnicminorityresidentsliveinthecapital,speakingover300languages.NearlyalloftheAfricanpopulat(yī)ionandmanyoftheCaribbeanpopulationofBritainliveinLondon(83%and58%respectively);39%oftheChinesepopulationofBritainand36%oftheAsianpopulationofBritainliveinLondon.ThelargestmingrantcommunityisfromtheIrishRepublicwith256,000people,3.8%ofthetotalpopulationofLondon.Thereareanestimated330,000refugeesandasylumseekerslivinginLondon,withmostrecentarrivalscomingfromEasternEurope,NorthAfricaandKurdistan.Youngpeople,inparticular,areskilledatdealingwithalargenumberofdifferentandhybridcultures.Theythemselvesoftenhaveseveraldifferentethnicidentitiessincetheirparentsandgrandparentsmaycomefromseveraldifferentbackgrounds,andtheirfriendsandpartnersdoalso.Theyare“skilledcross-culturaltravelers”withoutleavingtheirhome-town.41.WhydoesthewriterthinkthatBenjaminDisraeli’sstat(yī)ementisanunderstatement?BecausehethinksLondonis___D______.partoftheworldevenlargerthansomecountriesintheworldnotanationat(yī)allaminiatureworldthankstoitsgreat(yī)culturaldiversity42.Londonisregar

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