情態(tài)動詞-中考

情態(tài)動詞

James為什么要有情態(tài)動詞？試比較Thenecklaceisn’tinmypocket.Itislost.Thenecklaceisn’tinyourpocket.Itmustbelost.表達(dá)說話人對所描述的情景或事件的態(tài)度-說話人的心態(tài)家族成員—基本用法Can–could

能，可以，會May—might

可能是，或許是Must

必須Shall—should

應(yīng)該Will---would

意志，意愿，打算Need

需要情態(tài)動詞—特殊之處？？

Jackisn’tontheship.Hemustbesick.有詞意，不單獨(dú)作謂語—和其他動詞連用Jackisn’tontheship.Heissick.無人稱和數(shù)的變化Jackcanaffordtheticket.后加動詞原形Can,could的用法Youjump,Ijump.你跳，我就跟著跳Jackcanswim.CanRoseswim?Yes,shecan.No,shecan’t.表示能力，意為“能，會”CancouldYoucan’tfindthekey.Hetookitawaywithhim.表示懷疑猜測，常用于否定句Wecangonow.口語中，表示請求或允許.相當(dāng)于mayCancouldIcouldswimwhenIwasyoung.Could-can過去式CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?

Yes,youcan.No,I'mafraidnot.could也可表示請求，語氣委婉，主要用于疑問句，不可用于肯定句考題再現(xiàn)江湖--WhoseT-shirtisthis?(2011湖北黃岡)--It____beJack’s.it’s_____smallforhim.A.can’t;muchtooB.can’t;toomuchC.mustn't;muchtooD.mustn't;toomuchCan’t否定猜測Muchtoo+形容詞Toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞答案：A考題再現(xiàn)江湖Thetalentedboy（Jack）______writelyricswhenhewasattheageoften.(2011江西)A.mayB.couldC.must

Could-can的過去式表示能力答案：B考題再現(xiàn)江湖--CanJackrideahorse?--No,he___.(2011北京)A.needn’tBmaynotC.can’tD.mustn’tCan提問回答can’t答案：CMay，mightThenecklacemayhelpmetogetherheart.表示猜測“可能，也許”用于肯定句Shemightnotloveme,hethought.might為may的過去式，但也可代替may，語氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣或更加不肯定

MaymightMayIteachyouhowtospit?Yes,youmay.No,you?表示請求，許可。意為“可以”注意：1.主語為第一人稱2.否定回答mustn’t或can’t。不可以，禁止。

Mayyousuccess!表示祝愿Maybevs.maybeJackmaybearichboy.MaybeJackisarichboy.Maybe情態(tài)動詞+動原Maybe副詞“大概，也許：相當(dāng)于perhaps，用語句首考題再現(xiàn)江湖--WhatwouldyousendtoyoursisterastheChristmasgift,Jack?--Ihaven’tdecidedyet.I_____sendherahand-bag.(2009四川成都)A.shallB.mayC.mustMay表示可能答案：B考題再現(xiàn)江湖--whatareyougoingtoorder?--well,IthinkI＿trythefriedeggs,butI’mnotsureyet.(2011福建)A.mustB.mightC.shouldn’tD.can’tMight-may的過去式notsure不確定猜測答案：BmustWinningthatticket，Rose，wasthebestthingthateverhappenedtome...itbroughtmetoyou.AndI‘mthankfulforthat，Rose.I’mthankful.Youmustdomethishonor，Rose.Promisemeyou‘llsurvive.Thatyouwon’tgiveup，nomatterwhathappens，nomatterhowhopeless.Promisemenow，Rose，andneverletgooffthatpromise.

贏得船票...是我一生最幸運(yùn)的事，讓我可認(rèn)識你，認(rèn)識你真榮幸，萬分榮幸，你一定要幫我，答應(yīng)我活下去，答應(yīng)我，你不會放棄...無論發(fā)生什么事，無論環(huán)境怎樣...Rose，答應(yīng)我，千萬別忘了。

MustYoumustdomethishonor，Rose.Promisemeyou‘llsurvive.必須，一定Youmustbejoking!猜測用于肯定句MustYoumustn’tleavemeagain!禁止，不允許MustIgowithhim?No,youneedn’t.No,youdon’thaveto.Must的問句肯定回答用must，否定用needn’t/don’thaveto.Mustvs.can猜測Theshipisfantastic.Itcan’tsink.Theshipistoolarge,itmustsink.can和must在表推測時(shí)，can一般否定句中，而must常用于肯定句中。Mustvs.havetoHesaidthatImustsitstill.Must表示主觀Mymotherwillfindme,soIhavetogobackquickly.Haveto表示客觀需求考題再現(xiàn)江湖-FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt!You______bejoking!(2011江蘇南京)-I’mserious.Itismadeofsilk.A.mustB.needC.mayD.canmust情態(tài)動詞表示猜測Mustbe一定是canbe可能是maybe或許是答案：A考題再現(xiàn)江湖-MustIreturnthebookthisweek?(2011廣東深圳)-No,you____.Youcan____itfor20days.A.mustn’t;keepB.needn’t;borrowC.needn’t;keepD.mustn’t;borrowmust否定回答-needn’tKeep持續(xù)性borrow-瞬間答案：C考題再現(xiàn)江湖-look!It___bethenewwomanmanager.-it___beher.ShehasjustleftforAmerica.A.can;mustn’tB.must;can’t(2008包頭)C.must;mustn’tD.can’t;must肯定猜測：must否定猜測：can’t答案：BShall-shouldGodshallwipeawayallthetearsfromtheireyes,andthereshallbenomoredeath.Neithershalltherebesorrowordying，neithershalltherebeanymorepain,fortheformerworldhaspassedaway.

上帝擦去他們所有的眼淚，死亡不再有，也不再有悲傷和生死離別，不再有痛苦，因往事已矣。

ShallshouldShallIgototheparty?Shallwegotothepartytogether?

Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示請求或征求對方意見.Youshalllosemeifyoudon’tdoaswhatIsay.第二、三人稱陳述句中表示許諾、決心、命令或警告.Shall—should.考題再現(xiàn)江湖InordertospeakChinesebetter,we＿beafraidoflosingface.Becausethemostimportantthingistopractice.Remember,practicemakesperfect.(2011黑龍江哈爾濱)A.shouldB.shouldn’tC.havetoShould應(yīng)該Shouldn’t不應(yīng)該Haveto不得不答案：B

Will-wouldI'llneverletgo.I'llneverletgo,Jack.

我永不食言，永不食言，Jack。

Will-wouldI‘llneverletgo.

I‘llneverletgo,Jack.

表意志、愿望和決心Theyaskedifwewoulddothatagain.過去式Wouldyoupassmethecoat?表示請求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣Need（雙重）區(qū)分Inordertofly,youneedtospreadyourarms.(實(shí)義)Youneedn’tbeafraidtofly.（情動）NeedIfinishitnow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.

情動小結(jié)Hemustdrinkalotofmilk.Becauseheisveryweak.Hemustdrinkalotofmilk.Becauseheisverystrong.1.基本用法Can–could能，可以，會Must必須May—might可能是，或許是Shall—should應(yīng)該Will---would意志，意愿，打算Need需要情態(tài)動詞用法否定式疑問式與簡答can能力（體力，智力，技能）允許或許可（口語中常用）可能性（表猜測，用于否定句或疑問句中）cannot/cannot/can’tdoCan…do…?Yes,…can.No,…can’t.couldcouldn’tdomay可以（問句中表示請求）可能，或許（表推測）祝愿（用于倒裝句中）maynotdoMay…do…?Yes,…may.No,…mustn’t/can’t.mightmightnotdoMight…do…?Yes,…mightNo,…mightnot.must必須，應(yīng)該（表主觀要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推測）mustnot/mustn’tdoMust…do…?Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.haveto只好，不得不（客觀的必須，有時(shí)態(tài)人稱變化）don’thavetodoDo…h(huán)avetodo…?Yes,…do.No,…don’t.oughtto應(yīng)當(dāng)（表示義務(wù)責(zé)任，口語中多用shouldoughtnotto/oughtn’ttodoOught…todo…?Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall將要，會用于一三人稱征求對方意見用于二三人稱表示許諾、命令、警告、威脅等shallnot/shan’tdoShall…do…?Yes,…shall.No,…shan’t.should應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該（表義務(wù)責(zé)任）本該（含有責(zé)備意味）shouldnot/shouldn’tdoShould…do…?will意愿，決心請求，建議，用在問句中would比較委婉willnot/won’tdoWill…do…?Yes,…will.No,…won’t.wouldwouldnot/wouldn’tdodare敢（常用于否定句和疑問句中）darenot/daren’tdoDare…do…?Yes,…dare.No,…daren’t.need需要必須（常用于否定句和疑問句中）neednot/needn’tdoNeed…do…?Yes,…must.No,…needn’t.usedto過去常常（現(xiàn)在已不再）usednot/usedn’t/usen’ttododidn’tusetodoUsed…todo…?Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Did…usetodo…?Yes,…did.No,…didn’t.表一、can與could用法對比表對比點(diǎn)cancould1、表“能力”Canyouliftthisheavybox?Icouldn’tunderstandwhathesaidatall.2、表“許可”Youcanuseadifferentmaterialinstead.HesaidIcouldborrowhisbike.3、“懷疑”No,no,itcan’tbetrue.Whatonearthcanthismean?Wethoughtthestorycouldnotbetrue.Howcouldyoubesocareless?4、can與beableto區(qū)別1.could代替can，表示語氣更為婉轉(zhuǎn)。

Eg.CouldIuseyourbike?Yes,Ican2.can(能夠)=beableto(僅表能力時(shí))，但beableto表示一番努力后，才能做得到，且有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。Hewasagoodswimmer,sohe__________swimtotheriverbankwhentheboatsank.A.couldB.mightC.shallD.wasableto表二、may與might用法對比表對比點(diǎn)mayMight1．表“詢問”MayI…?(=CanI…?)MightI…?(=CouldI…?)(但比用may更客氣)2.表“允許”Youmaytaketheboythere.Hetoldmehemightcome.(might與told相呼應(yīng))3．表“可能”“或許”Shemaynorlikethisplace.I’mafraidhemightnotlikethisplay.注：1.MayI…?的答語。2.may可表示期望或祝愿Mayyousucceed!3.may(might)用于目的狀語從句中肯定：Yes,youmay.否定：No,youmustn’t不行（語氣強(qiáng)硬）No,youmaynot或No,you’dbetternot.Theemperorgavethemsomegoldinorderthattheymightbegintheirworkatonce.表三、must與haveto的用法對比表對比點(diǎn)Musthaveto1．表“必須”（主觀看法）必須；沒有過去式，可用于間接引語中。HetoldmeImustdoaccordingtowhathesaid.（客觀需要）不得不，有多種時(shí)態(tài)。It’srainingheavily,wecan’tgonow.2.疑問句MustI…?Yes,youmust.（一定）No,youneedn’t./youdon’thaveto.(不必)Doyouhavetogotoday?Yes,wedo.否定句：Youdon’thavetoworryaboutthat.表五、should與oughtto用法對比表對比點(diǎn)shouldoughtto1、表“應(yīng)該”表勸告、建議Youshouldlistentothedoctor’sadvice.WeshouldlearnfromZhangHua表示“有責(zé)任有必要”做某事Yououghttofinishyourworkbeforeyougohome.Weoughttohelpeachother.2、表“估計(jì)”Theyshouldgethomebynow.表示“非常可能”的事，可譯為“總應(yīng)該”Ifwestarttoworkrightnow,weoughttofinishitbeforelunch.(午飯前應(yīng)當(dāng)能干完)注：1）、should還可在虛擬語氣中的使用2).注意：oughtto的疑問式及否定式----Oughthetogo?----Yes,Ithinkheoughtto.No,heoughtn’tto.否定式：oughtnottoa或oughtn’ttodo(不說oughttonotdo)反疑問句：oughtn’t______?推測用法

2.推測用