板框過(guò)濾實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

文檔文檔專(zhuān)業(yè)整理專(zhuān)業(yè)整理試驗(yàn)?zāi)康?/p>

試驗(yàn)五 過(guò)濾試驗(yàn)了解板框過(guò)濾機(jī)的構(gòu)造、流程和操作方法。測(cè)定某一壓力下過(guò)濾分內(nèi)工程中的過(guò)濾常熟K、q、τ值，增進(jìn)對(duì)過(guò)濾理論的理解。e e測(cè)定洗滌速率與最終過(guò)濾速率間的關(guān)系。試驗(yàn)原理過(guò)濾是以某種多孔物質(zhì)為介質(zhì)，在外力的作用下，使懸浮液中的連續(xù)相液體通過(guò)介質(zhì)的孔道，分散相固體顆粒被截留在介質(zhì)上，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)固/液分別的操作。液體通過(guò)過(guò)濾介質(zhì)和濾餅空隙的流淌是流體經(jīng)過(guò)固定床流淌的一種具體狀況過(guò)程。過(guò)程，由于濾餅厚度不再增加，壓差與速率的關(guān)系與固定床一樣。恒壓過(guò)濾方程：e

2KA2eV：在時(shí)間內(nèi)獲得的濾液量，m3V：形成濾布阻力的一層濾渣時(shí)得到的濾液量，即虛擬濾液體積，m3eA：過(guò)濾面積，m2K：過(guò)濾常數(shù)，m2/s：過(guò)濾時(shí)間，s 相當(dāng)于得到濾液Ve

的過(guò)濾時(shí)間，se上式兩邊除以A2得qqeV

eq ,單位過(guò)濾面積的濾液量 ，m3/m2AVq e，單位過(guò)濾面積上的當(dāng) 量濾液量，m3/m2Ve A測(cè)定K、qe、τe：測(cè)與一系列的△τ、△q值，然后以△τ/△q為縱坐標(biāo)，以q為橫坐標(biāo)作圖，即可以得到一條斜率為2，截距為2q的直線(xiàn)，則可以算出K、q

的值；再以q=0,τ=0代入式子K K e

2K

，便可以求出τ。e e e測(cè)定洗滌速率與最終過(guò)濾速率洗滌速率：dV Vwd ww wwV :m3w :洗滌時(shí)間，sw最終過(guò)濾速率：dV

KA2 K dE

V 2qqe eV：整個(gè)過(guò)濾時(shí)間內(nèi)所得的濾液總量，m3q:整個(gè)過(guò)濾時(shí)間內(nèi)通過(guò)單位過(guò)濾面積所得的濾液總量，m3/m2試驗(yàn)流程883×9414××613 17××1211×15×2×××10 161×185××7圖1 試驗(yàn)裝置流程圖1－空氣壓縮機(jī)；2－配漿槽；3－壓力表；4－貯漿罐；5－洗水罐；6－板框壓濾機(jī)；7－計(jì)量桶；8－壓縮空氣進(jìn)氣閥；9－空氣過(guò)濾減壓閥；10－進(jìn)漿閥；11、12－壓縮空氣進(jìn)口閥；13－進(jìn)水閥；14－安全閥；15－洗水進(jìn)口閥；16－濾漿進(jìn)口閥；17－濾液出口閥；18－濾漿出口閥試驗(yàn)步驟將碳酸鎂在儲(chǔ)漿槽中加水配制成5.3％的懸浮液作濾漿，并在啟動(dòng)空壓機(jī)前不停地?cái)嚢?，防止固體沉淀；1－2－3－2－1－2－3－2－1在2號(hào)板框兩側(cè)，使其外表平坦，然后用壓緊螺桿壓緊板和框；啟動(dòng)空氣壓縮機(jī)，第一次掌握壓力在0.06MPa;將計(jì)量筒放置在濾液出口出，記錄液面的初始讀數(shù)，預(yù)備好秒表；關(guān)閉洗水閥，翻開(kāi)濾液出口閥，開(kāi)啟濾漿進(jìn)口旋塞，當(dāng)有濾液連續(xù)流出時(shí)開(kāi)頭記錄時(shí)3cm記錄一次時(shí)間。記錄時(shí)兩人用秒表同時(shí)間隔記錄；當(dāng)流出的濾液呈細(xì)線(xiàn)狀流出時(shí)，則過(guò)濾已完畢，停頓計(jì)時(shí)，關(guān)閉進(jìn)口旋塞；關(guān)閉進(jìn)水閥，濾液出口閥，開(kāi)洗水進(jìn)口閥進(jìn)展洗滌。洗水從濾液出口處流出時(shí)開(kāi)頭計(jì)3cm洗滌完畢后，關(guān)閉洗水進(jìn)口閥等閥門(mén)，清洗濾布，重安裝，調(diào)整壓力在0.16MPa，按上述操作再進(jìn)展另一次試驗(yàn)。數(shù)據(jù)處理過(guò)濾機(jī)類(lèi)型：板框過(guò)濾機(jī)濾框個(gè)數(shù)：8濾布種類(lèi)：帆布濾框尺寸：170×170mm過(guò)濾總面積S＝0.191m2濾漿名稱(chēng)：碳酸鎂懸浮液 5.1%溫度：26.2攝氏度過(guò)濾壓0.08 (MPa)表壓A過(guò)濾壓0.08 (MPa)表壓A=0.191m2力ΣΔ序號(hào)ΣV(m3)ΔV(m3)Δτ(s)q(m3/m2)h(mm)h(mm)130300.00070.0006754.810.00353403260300.00140.00067560.00706806390300.00200.00067580.010602094120300.00270.00067511.470.014136135150300.00340.00067512.590.017670166180300.00410.000675150.021204197210300.00470.00067516.030.024738228240300.00540.00067517.840.028272259270300.00610.00067517.970.0318062810300300.00680.00067519.720.0353403111330300.00740.00067521.290.0388743512360300.00810.00067524.210.0424083813390300.00880.00067527.090.0459424114420300.00950.00067527.340.04947644序號(hào)序號(hào)洗水量〔ml〕洗滌時(shí)間〔s〕15450300.01010.00067530.780.0530104716480300.01080.00067533.130.056544517510300.01150.00067536.720.0600785318540300.01220.00067539.350.0636125719570300.01280.00067543.820.067146620600300.01350.00067549.940.070680631 675 62.46267588.56表2 0.16MPa的試驗(yàn)原始數(shù)據(jù)記錄表過(guò)濾壓過(guò)濾壓0.16 (MPa)〔表壓〕A=0.191m2力ΣΔ序號(hào)ΣV(m3)ΔV(m3)h(mm)h(mm)q(m3/m2)Δτ(s)130300.00070.0006750.0035340316.15260300.00140.0006750.0070680636.66390300.00200.0006750.0106020947.814120300.00270.0006750.0141361267.135150300.00340.0006750.0176701578.286180300.00410.0006750.0212041888.347210300.00470.0006750.0247382214.038240300.00540.0006750.028272251119270300.00610.0006750.03180628315.2210300300.00680.0006750.03534031414.6811330300.00740.0006750.03887434615.7212360300.00810.0006750.04240837717.2513390300.00880.0006750.04594240818.5614420300.00950.0006750.0494764417.4315450300.01010.0006750.05301047120.5616480300.01080.0006750.05654450321.6617510300.01150.0006750.06007853420.9118540300.01220.0006750.06361256520.4719570300.01280.0006750.06714659726.5320600300.01350.0006750.07068062822.6921630300.01420.0006750.0742146629.0922660300.01490.0006750.07774869130.75洗水量洗水量〔ml〕洗滌時(shí)間〔s〕67584.3567596.03表3數(shù)據(jù)整理表0.08(MPa)表壓0.16(MPa)q(m3/m2)Δq(m3/m2)Δτ/Δq(s/m)q(m3/m2)Δq(m3/m2)Δτ/Δq(s/m)0.003534030.0035340311361.0518520.0035340310.0035340311740.2222220.007068060.0035340311697.7777780.0070680630.0035340311884.5333330.010602090.0035340312263.7037040.0106020940.0035340312209.9407410.014136130.0035340313245.5851850.0141361260.0035340312023.5259260.017670160.0035340313562.5037040.0176701570.0035340312342.9333330.021204190.0035340314244.4444440.0212041880.0035340312359.9111110.024738220.0035340314535.8962960.024738220.0035340313969.970370.028272250.0035340315048.0592590.0282722510.0035340313112.5925930.031806280.0035340315084.8444440.0318062830.0035340314306.6962960.035340310.0035340315580.029630.0353403140.0035340314153.8962960.038874350.0035340316024.2814810.0388743460.0035340314448.1777780.042408380.0035340316850.5333330.0424083770.0035340314881.1111110.045942410.0035340317665.4666670.0459424080.0035340315251.7925930.049476440.0035340317736.2074070.049476440.0035340314932.0444440.053010470.0035340318709.60.0530104710.0035340315817.7185190.05654450.0035340319374.5629630.0565445030.0035340316128.9777780.060078530.00353403110390.40.0600785340.0035340315916.7555560.06361257 0.003534031 11134.592590.06361257 0.003534031 11134.59259(〔留意：表中的點(diǎn)已經(jīng)經(jīng)過(guò)篩選；其中0.08MPa刪去最終兩點(diǎn)，0.16MPa刪去最終5點(diǎn)〕120231202310000y=153481x+653.22=0.9848000ts/m6000400020230-0.0100.010.020.030.040.050.060.07q〔m3/m2〕圖2 0.08MPa下過(guò)濾q圖q700070006000y=83598x+1192.5R2=0.94750004000ts/m3000202310000-0.0100.010.020.030.040.050.060.07q〔m3/m2〕圖3 0.16MPa下過(guò)濾q圖q過(guò)濾壓力K(m2過(guò)濾壓力K(m2/s)0.08MPa1.30309×10-5q(m3/m2)e0.16MPa2.392×10-50.01426τ(s)edV4.26×10-31.39 8.5011.6605×10-5 2.484×10-5dEdV9.271×10-67.516×10-6dWdV0.5550.3026ddVWdE計(jì)算過(guò)程舉例：V＝h1502/1000000 301515/100000.675LV 0.675/1000q

0.0035340m3/m2A 0.191 4.80在0.08MPa的試驗(yàn)中

q0.0035340

1358.234295s/m 在0.08MPa的

qq圖直線(xiàn)方程為q653.22153481qK2/1534811.30309105m2/sq K/265322/1534814.2610-3m3/m2e2 qe2

(4.2610-3)2 1.39se K 1.3030910-5 dV KA 1.30309105 d

2qqE e

1.660510520.070684.2610-3dV V 6.7510-4 6.7510-4Wd W

〔 62.46

88.56

29.217106WdVd d

W9.217106dV

W 0.5551.66005105dE結(jié)果爭(zhēng)論1、圖2量的時(shí)間間隔隨過(guò)濾的進(jìn)展而不斷增加；又從表2、圖3dq/dτ隨過(guò)濾時(shí)間的增餅阻力的不斷增加，最終導(dǎo)致了過(guò)濾速度隨過(guò)濾時(shí)間的降低。12過(guò)濾速率較大。從圖2332差的范圍之內(nèi)，即在試驗(yàn)的過(guò)程中，壓力搖擺太大，而造成引入過(guò)大