動(dòng)詞不定式教案和練習(xí)

Infinitives動(dòng)詞不定式教課目的：1.掌握動(dòng)詞不定式的幾種形式2.掌握動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中能夠作什成分3.掌握動(dòng)詞不定式用法/功能4.掌握運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞不定式注意事項(xiàng)教課難點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式用法教課方法：經(jīng)過放映幻燈片，教師解說，學(xué)生思慮，最后總結(jié)的方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)本課的教課任務(wù)。教課過程：Step1.出示幻燈片讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式的幾種形式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式to+動(dòng)詞原形有時(shí)能夠不帶2.動(dòng)詞不定式的否認(rèn)形式

to(禿頂不定式）not/never+todonot/never+do3.不定式的邏輯主語It’sgoodforyoutodomorningexercises.Thequestionistoodifficultforustoanswer.Itroom.It’sverykindofyoutothinkoftheothers.

’toosdark

for

metoseeanything

inthe假如要說明不定式表示的動(dòng)作是誰做的，能夠在不定式前加一個(gè)

for(of)惹起的短語。介詞for(of)Step2.

的賓語叫不定式的邏輯主語。請學(xué)生思慮：動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中能夠作什成分？學(xué)生得出結(jié)論：1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語4.作定語5.作狀語作狀語作表語與疑問詞等連用Step3.出示幻燈片讓學(xué)生依據(jù)總結(jié)結(jié)果增強(qiáng)記憶。Step4.議論動(dòng)詞不定式用法/功能，并總結(jié)：(1).作主語Toseeistobelieve.It’sexcitingtosurfontheInternet作主語的不定式假如很短，平時(shí)位于句首；若不定式（短語）較長時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，而把真實(shí)的主語（即動(dòng)詞不定式）放在后邊以防備有頭無尾。(2)賓語Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdecidedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：want,hope,wish,refuse,learn,wouldlike,choose,decide,agree,pretend,expect,planHefounditverydifficulttogettosleep不定式作賓語時(shí)，如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則要把不定式放到后邊，用

it

作形式賓語，組成

“主語+動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞、名詞）+不定式”構(gòu)造。感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞等后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，需省to。但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要還帽子。Thebossmakesthemwork15hoursaday.Isawtheaccidenthappenyesterday.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).(3).賓補(bǔ)Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.Heoftenhelpsme(to)repairmybike.常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：tell,ask,want,warn,wish,allow,encourage,expect,teach,help(4).定語Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.動(dòng)詞不定式若在句中作定語，常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后。假如不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,則要帶上與之搭配的介詞，組成及物動(dòng)詞短語。狀語Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.Let’sstoptohavearest.I’mveryhappytoseeyou.He’stooyoungtogotoschool.Sheisoldenoughtodressherself動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語主要用來表示目的，原由，或結(jié)果等。(6).表語Myjobistohelpthepatient.Yourtaskistocleantheclassroom.不定式能夠放在be動(dòng)詞后，形成表語。與疑問詞連用Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.(賓語)Howtosolvetheproblem

is

very

important.(

主語

)Myquestioniswhentostart.(表語)不定式與疑問詞who,which,when,how,what等連用，形成帶疑問詞的不定式。在句中起名詞作用，可充任主語、表語、賓語等。在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡潔疑問句中，后邊緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。Whydosth.?Whynotdosth.?Step5出示幻燈片讓學(xué)生注意幾個(gè)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但含義不同樣：remembertodo記著要做某事；rememberdoing記得從前做過某事forgettodo忘掉要做某事forgetdoing忘掉從前做過某事stoptodo停下往來做某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo持續(xù)做另一件事goondoing持續(xù)做本來在做的事Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.我記得從前在哪兒見過你。Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.走開時(shí)請記得關(guān)好燈。Iforgottotellheraboutit.我忘掉告訴她這件事。Iforgottellingheraboutit.我忘掉了曾把這件事告訴過她。2.感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可跟v-ing作賓補(bǔ)，前者表示動(dòng)作的所有過程已結(jié)束；后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Isawhimcomedownstairs.我看見他下了樓。（說明他下樓了這件事）Isawhimcomingdownstairs.我看見他在下樓。（說明他下樓時(shí)的情形）Iheardsomeonecallingme.Iheardmynamecalled.Step6.經(jīng)過練習(xí)來增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對本課知識(shí)的掌握。Fillineachblankwiththeproperwordfromthebrackets:1.Mikewants________(go)toaparkonSunday.2.Theteacheroftentellsus___________(notbe)late.3.Mybrotheristooyoung________(join)thearmy.4.Ittakesmeanhour_____(do)myhomeworkeveryday.5.Doyouhaveanything_________(say)?6.Hisparentsoftenmakehim_______(do)alotofexercises.7.Hetooklessons_________(learn)how_________(sing).8.Mothertoldhim___________(notplay)footballinthestreet.9.I’mveryglad____________(pass)theexam.10.Yourskirtisnice.Letme_________(have)alook.Thestudentsweremade___________(copy)thetextthreetimes.You’dbetter________(notgo)therebecauseitisdark.Ihavealotofhomework_________(do)everyday.Thelittleboylikes_____________________(answer)questions.Wouldyoulike__________(join)us?Mr.Wangtaughtme___________(play)basketball.Mywatchneeds_______________________(repair).Ifinditimportant________(learn)Englishwell.Itisdifficult______________(answer)thisquestion.YesterdayIsawtheaccident_________(happen).Theimportantthingis__________(save)lives.Ioftenhelpmymother____________(do)housework.WeoftenhearMary___________(sing)inherroom.24.Wearetired.Let’sstop____________(have)arest.It’sverykindofyou__________(think)somuchofus.It’seasyforme____________(repair)thebike.Thereisnothing___________(worry)about.Iamrichenough____________(buy)acar.Whynot__________(go)withme?Don’tforget_________(close)thedoorwhenyouleave.Correctthemistakes:Themanwastiredenoughtostophavingarest.Whatwordscanyouusedescribethebeautifulscene?Theteachertoldustonotmakesomuchnoise.Theyareoftenseenplayontheplaygrou