2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：語法填空專練（含答案）

語法填空專練--時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣考點(diǎn)1時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1.ManyAlbreakthroughs,whichexperts______(view)asdecadesawaymerelyfiveyearsago,havenowbeenreached,makingmanyexpertstakeseriouslythepossibilityofsuperintelligenceinourlifetime.2.Whenwereadapoem,weoftenimaginewhatthepoets____(think)whentheywroteorwhattheyweredoingatthetime.3.Mealswill______(prepare)byateamofnutritionistsinordertomakesurethatthehealthoftheparticipantswon'tbeharmed.4.AllofficialdocumentsinChinaneededasealtobevalidinthepast.Today,thetradition______(keep)alinChina.5.Itmatterslittlewhetheryouarewhollyoronlypartlywrong;answeringforyourmistake_______(encourage)otherstotaketheirshareoftheblame.6.Theparty_______(hold)inmemoryofheroeswhodiedinthewareveryyear.7.Inresponsetotheaudiences"greatdemand,theplay_____(put)ontwiceaweeknextmonth.8.Thankstoabout20technologycompanies,brightlycoloredsharedbikes_____(flood)intobigcitiesinlastfewyears.9.HarvestFestivalusedto______(celebrate)atthebeginningoftheharvestseason.10.Theresearchsuggestsastrongpositivelink_______(exist)betweenmovementandimprovedacademicperformance.11.TheexperimentwasconductedbyresearchersinGermany,whosefindings____(publish)inthescientificjournalPLOSONE.12.ThebeautifulJiangsufolksongJasmineFlower_____(choose)asthemusicplayedattheawardceremonyinthe2008BeijingOlympics,bringingusbothnationalprideandgreatartisticenjoyment.13.Likeallbigcities,Parishastrafficproblems:lotsofcars,trafficjams,andpollutionfromexhaustfumes(廢氣).Sosince2007,thecity_____(begin)aplantoimprovethesituation.14.Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_____(teach)aclassatthattime.15.InChineseculture,eachyearisrelatedtoananimalaccordingtothe12-year-cyele.Peoplebornduringtheyear______(believe)topossesssomeoftheanimal'scharacteristics.16.Thehouse_______(decorate)nowforthenewyear'scelebration.17.Qigong________(practise)toachievespiritualimprovementandforself-cultivation(自我修養(yǎng))asameanstohelpdevelophumanpotentialandallowaccesstohigherdegreesofawareness,andone's"truenature".18.Inthestreetartworld,graffiti(涂鴉)canbethemostpopular.It____(begin)inNewYorkinthe1960s,whensomeyoungpeoplepaintedwordsandimagesonthewallstoshowtheirdissatisfactionwithsociety.19.She____(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway20.Whenyougetthere,textmetoletmeknowyou_______(arrive)safely.21.(1)Itisthefirsttimethathe______(come)hereandnowitishightimethathewasshownaround(2)ItwasthefirsttimethatI______(take)atriptoShanghaiwithmyfamilythissummerholiday.22.QiqiaoFestival________(refer)toastheChineseValentine'sDaynowadays.Manyyoungpeoplemeetincelebrationofthisday.23.Hepromisedthathe_____(join)us,buthehasn'tyetturnedupattheparty.24.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforfiveyearsbythetimehe_______(graduate)fromtheuniversitynextyear25.whenIarrivedinSriLanka,Iwasshockedtoseethateverythingwassodifferentfromwhatl__________(imagine).26.NowonderIcan'tfindPeteranywhere.Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand_______(write)hisessaythereeversince.27.Itisreportedthataspacestation______(build)onthemooninyearstocome.考點(diǎn)2主謂一致28.China'snetworkoffast,convenienthighspeedtrains______(be)particularlybeneficialtoitspeopleandforeignersdesiringtotravelthecountry.29.TombSweepingDayisatimetorememberthedead.ItisamajorChinesefestivalwhich_____(fall)inearlyspring.30.Whilemorepeoplehavequitsmoking,signsprohibitingsmoking_____(be)stillacommonsightrestaurantsandshoppingcenters.31.ReadingEnglishmagazinesandnovels_______(be)helpfultoyourstudyofEnglish.32.Ithinkitiswhetheryou'llmakeyoureffortsthat_______(matter)inyourwork,notyourbackgroundsoryourappearance.33.Atpresent,oneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewairport_____(be)thatitwillbringalotofjobstothearea.34.Respectforparents,eldersandancestors______(consider)akeyqualityinChinesesocietyandculture.5.However.blockprinting_______(be)notveryconvenient.Everytwopagesofabookhadtobecarvedonwoodblock,andabigbookwouldrequiremanyblocks.考點(diǎn)3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣36.Lookattheblackcloud!You_______aswelltakeanumbrellabecauseitmaywellrain.37.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he______havedonetheresearchonhisown.38.I_______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.39.I________usethealarmclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo’clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.40.Butformyteachers‘encouragement,Iwould_____(get)discouragedbythedifficultiesImet.41.Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnot_____(work)together,AIDS-relateddeathswouldnothavefallen42.Catherinewouldratherthatshe____(take)thepaininsteadofherbaby.Wecan'timaginehowupsetshewas.參考答案：1.viewed句意:許多人工智能的突破,僅僅在五年前還被專家們視為幾十年之遙(的事情),現(xiàn)在就得以實(shí)現(xiàn)了，這使得許多專家開始認(rèn)真考慮在我們有生之年出現(xiàn)超級(jí)智能的可能性。根據(jù)定語從句中的時(shí)間狀語fiveyearsago判斷,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。view...as...意為"把……視為……"。2.werethinking句意:當(dāng)我們讀詩的時(shí)候,我們經(jīng)常想象詩人寫詩的時(shí)候在想什么或者那時(shí)在做什么。根據(jù)wrote,or以及下文中的"whattheyweredoingatthetime"可知,"whatthepoets(think)whentheywrote"與or后內(nèi)容為并列關(guān)系,空格處與weredoing相呼應(yīng),應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間正在做的動(dòng)作。句子的主語poets為復(fù)數(shù),故be動(dòng)詞用were空格處應(yīng)填werethinking3.beprepared句意:膳食將由一組營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家準(zhǔn)備,以確保參與者的健康不會(huì)受到損害。句子的主語Meals與prepare之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且空前有will,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone。4.iskept句意:在過去,中國(guó)所有的官方文件都需要(蓋上)印章才能在法律上生效。今天,這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)在中國(guó)繼續(xù)存在。根【熟詞生義】alive熟義為"活者”，此處為正義“繼續(xù)存在”。根據(jù)第二句話中的時(shí)間狀語Today可知,此處介紹現(xiàn)在的一般情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);句子主語thetradition與keep之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài);thetradition是單數(shù),故填iskept。5.encourages句意:你是完全錯(cuò)誤還是僅僅部分錯(cuò)誤,這都無關(guān)緊要;為自己的錯(cuò)誤負(fù)責(zé)會(huì)鼓勵(lì)別人承擔(dān)他們自己那一部分的責(zé)任。句子陳述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。后一分句的主語為動(dòng)名詞短語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式encourages。6.isheld句意:為了紀(jì)念在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中犧牲的英雄,每年都舉行聚會(huì)。根據(jù)句意及句中的everyyear可知,此句表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句子的主語Theparty與hold之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。7.willbeput句意:為了滿足觀眾的巨大需求,下個(gè)月這出戲劇將每周上演兩次。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語nextmonth可知,此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí);且句子的主語theplay與puton(上演)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故此處用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。8.haveflooded句意:多虧了大約20家科技公司,在過去的幾年里色彩鮮艷的共享單車涌入了大城市。inthelasvpast/recentfewyears是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志,句子的主語bikes是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故空格處填haveflooded。9.becelebrated句意:豐收節(jié)過去是在收獲時(shí)節(jié)之初慶祝的。句子的主語HarvestFestival與celebrate之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,usedtodo的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為usedtobedone,故空格處填becelebrated。10.exists句意:研究表明,運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的提高之間存在著緊密的正向聯(lián)系。suggest"表明”,后面的賓語從旬省略了連接詞that。賓語從句是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容,介紹事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在Caps時(shí)。主語astrongpositivelink為單數(shù),故謂語動(dòng)詞用exists。11.werepublished分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,whosefindings在定語從句中作主語,空格處是謂語。根據(jù)前文的時(shí)態(tài)判斷,空格處也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),主語findings為復(fù)數(shù)，且與publish之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故空格處填werepublished12.waschosen句意:優(yōu)美的江蘇民歌《茉莉花》被選為2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上的音樂,給我們帶來了民族自豪感和極大的藝術(shù)享受。句子的主語和choose之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且此處介紹的是過去的事實(shí),故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語為第三人稱單數(shù),故填waschosen。13.hasbegunsince表示"自……以來",表示動(dòng)作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.故謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);句子的主語thecity為單數(shù),故用hasbegun。14.willbeteaching句意:簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午三點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)她將正在教課。句中的時(shí)間狀語atthattime指的是at3o'clockthisaftermoon,表示將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間正在做某事,應(yīng)用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。15.arebelieved句意:在中國(guó)文化中,根據(jù)12年的周期,每一年都與一個(gè)動(dòng)物有關(guān)。當(dāng)年出生的人被認(rèn)為具有這種動(dòng)物的某些特征?？仗幈硎緦?duì)一般情況的介紹,因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);句子的主語Peoplebonduringtheyear與believe之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語為復(fù)數(shù),故be動(dòng)詞用are。16.isbeingdecorated句意:為了新年的慶?；顒?dòng),這個(gè)房子正在被裝飾。時(shí)間狀語now表明動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);主語Thehouse與decorate之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語為第三人稱單數(shù),故be動(dòng)詞用is。17.ispractised對(duì)氣功的介紹要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語Qigong與practise之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,主語為第三人稱單數(shù),故填ispractised。18.began句意:在街頭藝術(shù)世界里,涂鴉是最受歡迎的。它始于20世紀(jì)60年代的紐約,當(dāng)時(shí)一些年輕人在墻上畫文字和圖像,以表達(dá)他們對(duì)社會(huì)的不滿。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語the1960x及上下文語境可知,此處介紹的是過去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過去時(shí)。19.wasphoning句意:她正在給某人打電話,所以我向她點(diǎn)頭示意然后走開了，根據(jù)語境判斷，我"看見她的時(shí)候她正在打電話,故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。20.haveanived句意:當(dāng)你到那兒時(shí),給我發(fā)個(gè)短信讓我知道你已經(jīng)安全到達(dá)了，根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。21.(1)hascome;(2)hadtaken,在*lt/ThisThatis/wasthefirstseccond/...time+that從句"中,that從句用完成時(shí),be動(dòng)詞是is時(shí)從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),be動(dòng)詞是was時(shí)從句要用過去完成時(shí)。22.isreferred句意:現(xiàn)在,乞巧節(jié)被看作中國(guó)的情人節(jié)。許多年輕人聚在一起,慶祝這個(gè)日子。根據(jù)句意可知,QiqiaoFestival與refer之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且句子陳述的是關(guān)于讀節(jié)日的一般情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。23.wouldjoin句意:他答應(yīng)要加人我們,但他還沒有在聚會(huì)上露面。根據(jù)句意可知,join所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在以過去的時(shí)間為背景的將來,且主語he和join之間為主謂關(guān)系。故用過去將來時(shí)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)。24.graduatesbythetime在此相當(dāng)于連詞when。根據(jù)"主將從現(xiàn)"的原則,主句為將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來,且主語為he,故謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。25.hadimagined句意:我到達(dá)斯里蘭卡后,所看到的一切與我想象中的差異非常大,這讓我很吃驚。imagine所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在arrived所表示的動(dòng)作之前,故用過去完成時(shí)。26.hasbeenwriting句意:難怪我到處都找不到彼得。他早飯后去了圖書館,之后就一直在那里寫文章。根據(jù)句意及句中的eversince可知,寫文章的動(dòng)作從過去開始,一直持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在,到說話時(shí)仍在進(jìn)行,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。27.willbebuiltinyearstocome相當(dāng)于inthefollowingyears，意為"在未來的幾年",熬此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí);主語:spacestation與build之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)2主謂一致28.is句意:中國(guó)快速、便捷的高速列車網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)中國(guó)人和渴望去中國(guó)旅游的外國(guó)人非常有利。句子的主語"China'snetworkoffast,convenienthigh-speedtrains"的中心詞是network,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),句中是對(duì)一般情況的介紹,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),填is。29.falls定語從句的關(guān)系詞which在從句中作主語,其后的謂語動(dòng)問應(yīng)該與先行詞festival在數(shù)上保持一致,用單數(shù)。介紹清明節(jié)應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故空格處填falls。30.are句意:盡管更多的人已經(jīng)戒煙了,餐館和購物中心里禁止吸煙的標(biāo)志依舊隨處可見。根據(jù)語境可知，此處描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主句的主語為signs,故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。31.is句子的主語是動(dòng)名詞短語ReadingEnglishmagazinesandnovels而不是復(fù)數(shù)名詞magazinesandnovels,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。句子敘述的是一般情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。32.matters句意:我認(rèn)為重要的是你在工作中是否努力,而不是你的背景或外表。句子含有強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。whetheryou'llmakeyourefforts是句子的主語,主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。33.is“oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)"作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。根