2023年中考英語試題分項版解析匯編（第01期）專題19完形填空（社會現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類及廣告布告類）（新聞報道或人生百味類）（含解析）

專題19完形填空〔社會現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類及廣告布告類〕〔新聞報道或人生百味類〕1.【2023年四川南充】完形填空(共15小題;每題1分,總分值15分)先通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從短文后面各題所給的選項中選出最正確選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Supposeyoufindabrightyellowbikeonastreetcornerinthecity.Youhopon(跨上)itand31.Butwait—isn’tthisstealing?No,itisn’t.32shouts,“Stop!Thief!〞Thatis33thisfreerideisjustfinewiththecity.You34findhundredsoffreeyellowbikesinsomeUScities.TheideabeganinPortland,Oregon,in1994.Peoplesawaneedfor35transportation,andtheywantedtohelp36pollution.So,togetcitizens(市民)37theircarsandontopollution-freebikes,they38theYellowBikeProject.The39bikesarepaintedbrightyellowandplacedthroughoutthecity.Peoplecanhopontheyellowbikeandridetorunerrands(短程差事),towork40toschool.Then,theyleavethebikeforthe41rider.Therehavebeentimeswhenbikeshavebeenstolen,butmostpeople42therules,becausetheythinkitisnotwiseto43thebikethat’salreadyfree.Portland’s44wasquicklylovedbyalotofpeople.Withintwoyearsofitsstarts,similarprogramswere45incitiesinsixotherstates.31.A.driveawayB.rideawayC.ridebackD.runaway32.A.NooneB.SomeoneC.AnyoneD.Everyone33.A.whetherB.soC.becauseD.though34.A.havetoB.don’thavetoC.can’tD.can35.A.expensiveB.crowdedC.freeD.common36.A.protectB.controlC.makeD.bring37.A.outofB.intoC.upD.near38.A.endedB.startedC.changedD.refused39.A.publicB.privateC.cleanD.dirty40.A.butB.asC.untilD.or41.A.nextB.lastC.bestD.first42.A.breakB.makeC.discussD.follow43.A.buyB.repairC.produceD.steal44.A.citizenB.streetC.ideaD.school45.A.lookedupB.madeupC.putupD.setup【答案】31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D41.A42.D43.D44.C45.D【解析】32.A考查代詞及語境的理解。A.Noone沒有人；B.Someone某人；C.Anyone任何人；D.Everyone每個人。根據上文的否認答復，可知沒有人大喊“停下來，小偷！〞應選A。33.C考查連詞及語境的理解。A.whether是否；B.so所以；C.because因為；D.though盡管。那是因為這種免費的騎乘恰恰適合這個城市。應選C。34.D考查情態(tài)動詞及語境的理解。A.haveto不得不；B.don’thaveto不必；C.can’t不能；D.can能。在一些美國的城市你能找到成百上千的免費的小黃車。根據后文這種想法在1994年在美國的俄勒岡，波特蘭開始，可知能找到小黃車。應選D。35.C考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.expensive昂貴的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.free免費的；D.common普通的。根據上文小黃車是免費的，可以推測句意，人們看到了對免費交通的需求。應選C。36.B考查動詞及語境的理解。A.protect保護；B.control控制；C.make制造；D.bring帶來。他們想幫助控制污染。結合句意，應選B。著跑短程差事，上班，或者上學。結合句意，應選D。41.A考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.next下一個；B.last最后；C.best最好的；D.first首先，第一。然后，他們把自行車為下一個自行車騎乘者留下。結合句意，應選A。42.D考查動詞及語境的理解。A.break打破；B.make制造；C.discuss討論；D.follow遵循，跟隨。有自行車被盜的時候，但是大局部人遵守規(guī)那么。根據后文的原因，應選D。43.D考查動詞及語境的理解。A.buy買；B.repair修理；C.produce生產；D.steal偷。因為他們認為偷已經免費的自行車是不明智的。結合句意及上文，應選D。44.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.citizen市民；B.street街道；C.idea主意；D.school學校。很多人很快愛上了波特蘭市的想法。根據句意，應選C。45.D考查動詞及語境的理解。A.lookedup查閱；B.madeup組成；C.putup舉起；D.setup建立。在它開始的兩年內，相似的工程在其他六個洲建立起來。結合句意，應選D?？键c：社會現(xiàn)象類短文。2.【2023年安徽】完形填空。閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最正確選項。Bike-sharingisanewchoiceforshortjourneysincities.Itisgoodtothe56developmentofthebigcities.A57byacompanyfoundthatsharedbikesstartedthenation’s58forbikesagain.NowmoreandmoreChinesepeopleare59bikesinsteadofcarstomakeshortjourneysincities.Anengineerofthatcompanysaysthatsincethe60ofsharedbikes,peoplehavemadefewertripsbycar.Theloveforsharedbikesisnotonlyamong61people,whowereborninthe1980sand1990s,butalsoamongpeopleoversixty.Atweekends,thenumberoftheridersinShenzhenreachesthe62ofallcities.Onweekdays,thenumberofpeoplewhousesharedbikestotraveltoworkis63inShanghai.Itissaidthatbike-sharingwillhelp64thecities’environment.Itnotonlyhelpssolvethetrafficproblems,butalsowillhelptomakemoreuseof65incities.TakeBeijingasanexampleifmorepeoplechoosesharedbikes,anareaoffiveBird’sNeststadiums(體育場)willbesaved.56.A.slow B.healthy C.harmful D.sudden57.A.rule B.plan C.report D.suggestion58.A.search B.worry C.preparation D.love59.A.choosing B.pushing C.repairing D.locking60.A.end B.start C.control D.fall61.A.strong B.weak C.old D.young62.A.top B.side C.corner D.line63.A.comingover B.puttingoff C.goingup D.givingaway64.A.discover B.separate C.experience D.improve65.A.air B.time C.space D.money【答案】56.B57.C58.D59.A60.B61.D62.A63.C64.D65.C【解析】試題分析：這篇短文主要介紹了新興事物———共享單車。共享單車的出現(xiàn)有助于城市健康開展，在大城市越來越多的人喜歡上共享單車。56.B考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.slow慢的；B.healthy 健康的；C.harmful有害的；D.sudden突然。共享單車對于城市里的短途旅行是一種新的選擇。它對大城市的健康開展是有好處的。結合句意，應選B。57.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.rule規(guī)那么；B.plan方案；C.report 報告；D.suggestion建議。一家公司的一份報揭發(fā)現(xiàn)共享單車開始了全國對自行車的喜愛。結合句意，應選C。58.D考查名詞及語境的理解。A.search 搜查，探究；B.worry 擔憂；C.preparation準備；D.love愛。根據下文可知共享單車開始了全國對自行車的愛。應選D。59.A考查動詞及語境的理解。A.choosing選擇；B.pushing推；C.repairing修理；D.locking鎖。越來越多的中國人正在選擇自行車而不是汽車在城市進行短途旅行。結合句意，應選A。人數到達了所有城市之首。根據比擬級范圍，可知處于首位，應選A。63.C考查動詞及語境的理解。A.comingover過來；B.puttingoff推遲；C.goingup上升；D.givingaway捐獻。工作日，在上海使用共享單車上班的人數在上升。根據句意，應選C。64.D考查動詞及語境的理解。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.separate使別離；C.experience經歷；D.improve改良。據說，共享單車將會幫助改善城市的環(huán)境。結合句意，應選D。65.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.air空氣； B.time時間；C.space 太空，空間；D.money錢。它不僅能幫助解決交通問題而且也能幫助更好的利用城市空間。根據后文的例子，可知是更好利用城市空間，應選C?？键c：社會現(xiàn)象類短文。3.【2023年四川成都】完形填空。通過閱讀下面兩篇短文，根據短文內容，從A、B、C三個選項中選出可以填入空白處的正確答案。AfamoussymbolinAmericancultureisacartoonanimal--MickeyMouse.Mickeyfirst46inacartooninNewYorkin1982.WaltDisneywasthefatherofMickey.HemadelotsofcartoonswithMickey.Manypeoplearoundtheworldlovethemousewithtwo47ears.Hewassopopularbecausehewaslikeacommonman,buthealwaystriedtofaceanydangerandsolvetheproblemsallbyhimself.InDisney’searlyfilms,Mickeywas48,helosthishouseandgirlfriend,Minnie.49,henevergaveuphiseffortsandalwayswonatlast.Mostpeoplewanttobelikehim.NowMickeyMouseisstilloneofthemostpopular50charactersintheworld.46.A.ranoutB.hungoutC.cameout47.A.largeandroundB.smallandshortC.longandwhite48.A.richB.happyC.unlucky49.A.AlsoB.HoweverC.So50.A.cartoonB.playC.novel【答案】46.C47.A48.C49.B50.A【解析】47.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.largeandround又大又圓；B.smallandshort又小又矮；C.longandwhite又長又白。句意：世界上的人都喜歡這個長著又大又圓的老鼠。根據圖片上的米老鼠的外形可以看出。應選A。48.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.rich富有的；B.happy快樂的；C.unlucky不幸的。句意：在迪斯尼的早考點：文化類短文閱讀。4.【2023年浙江紹興】完形填空。閱讀下面短文，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最正確答案。AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mostofwhomcamefrom16families.Sheaskedthemtocompletethe17“Iwishmyteacherknew…〞andsharesomethingaboutthemselves.Their18answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties.“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,〞19onechild.“Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned〔簽名〕,becausemymomisnot20alot,〞wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe21.“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.〞“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,〞SchwartztellsABCNews.“Icare22abouteachofmystudentsandIdon’twantthemtobepoorforever.〞Sheexplains,“Ihopedtoknow23Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI24toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.〞25thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously〔匿名〕,mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud.26oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely.“Aftershetoldtheclass,‘Idon’thavefriendsto27me,’Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo.〞SchwartztellsUsWeekly.“However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered28.Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee,29haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy〔同情〕.〞“Theresultshavebeen30,〞saysSchwartz.“Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.〞16.A.traditionalB.friendlyC.poorD.small17.A.postcardB.noteC.letterD.diary18.A.honestB.politeC.usualD.right19.A.suggestedB.copiedC.repeatedD.wrote20.A.freeB.carelessC.famousD.angry21.A.societyB.courseC.researchD.future22.A.secretlyB.deeplyC.nervouslyD.directly23.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when24.A.decidedB.refusedC.forgotD.learned25.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Once26.A.likeB.fromC.againstD.except27.A.lookforB.talkaboutC.dependonD.playwith28.A.himB.youC.herD.me29.A.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.reporters30.A.boringB.surprisingC.worryingD.relaxing【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.A21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B【解析】句意：作為丹佛一個Doull小學的老師，KyleSchwartz想起一個簡單的方法來了解她的三年級的學生，他們大多數來自貧窮家庭。根據Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever可知，大局部是貧困家庭的學生。應選C。17.考查名詞及語境的理解。A.postcard明信片；B.note便條，記錄，筆記；C.letter信；D.diary日記。句意：她請他們完成一個便條“我希望我的老師了解……〞。根據“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,〞可知，這些是學生寫的便條上的內容。應選B。18.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.honest老實的；B.polite禮貌的；C.usual通常的；D.right正確的。句意：他們老實的答案給老師一個了解她的學生困難的時機。根據“Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.〞可知，學生說出了自己的心聲。所以