江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市丹徒大港中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市丹徒大港中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.–I’dliketobeonmyownforawhile.Doyoumind?

–_________.Goahead.

A.Notintheleast B.Noway C.Yes,ofcourse D.I’mafraidso–TheWallStreetJournalisgivingmealaptopwithWindowsXP,anoperating參考答案：A2.—Thetripshouldn’tcostmorethan3,000yuan.—

.Itisatleasttwicetheamount.

A.Iguessso B.That’sit C.Youmustbejoking D.Itdepends參考答案：C3.

Iboughtthreebooks,butnoneof_______isinteresting.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.them參考答案：D略4.Averyoldladywasbadlyhurtin________thepolicedescribedasanapparentlymotivelessattack.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.where參考答案：B5.Those_____havesixormoreclosefriendsaredescribedas“veryhappy”.A.who

B.whose

C.which

D.when參考答案：A6.Despite_____inChina,JeremyLinhascaughtYaoMing’soldfanbaseofAsian-Americanswhoseehimasapowerfulrolemodel.

A.notborn

B.notboring

C.beingnotborn

D.notbeingborn

參考答案：D略7.—Wright,Ireallyappreciateyourneathandwriting．

—

．

A．Oh,Ipracticeeveryday

B．Well,it'snotgoodenough

C．No,Idon'twritewell

D．Oh,thankyouverymuch參考答案：D8.Onlyunderspecialcircumstances________tousethefirehose,otherwisetheywillbepunished.A.arepeoplepermitted

B.peoplearepermittedC.peoplepermit

D.dopeoplepermit參考答案：A【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】特殊句式

only+狀語位于句首用部分倒裝，并且被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式是bedone，故答案選A。9.TheTwinsDaysFestival,_______beganin1975,isthelargestannualgatheringoftwins.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.when參考答案：B【考點(diǎn)】定語從句連詞／連接詞【試題解析】這是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，本題考查的是定語從句中從屬連詞的用法。分析句子，可知在從句中缺少主語，故用關(guān)系代詞which，指代的是TheTwinsDaysFestival，根據(jù)句意，可知選B。句意：雙胞胎節(jié)，始于1975年，是每年雙胞胎們聚集在一起的大會(huì)。10.Weshould

respect

foodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave

wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.whether參考答案：A11.Ican______thehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit’snotclean。A.comeupwith

B.putupwith

C.turnto

D.stickto參考答案：B12.Theboy______ontheground______tomethathehad______thebookontheshelf.A.lying;lay;laid B.lying;lied;laidC.lie;lied;lay D.lay;lied;laid參考答案：B【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：躺在地上的男孩對(duì)我撒謊說他把書放在書架上了。lie

“撒謊”時(shí)，過去式lied，過去分詞lied，現(xiàn)在分詞lying；如果lie意為“躺”時(shí)，過去式lay，過去分詞lain，現(xiàn)在分詞lying。lay意為“放置，產(chǎn)蛋”，其過去式是laid，過去分詞laid，現(xiàn)在分詞laying。本句中的第一個(gè)空“__ontheground”在句中做主語theboy的后置定語，二者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即“躲在地方的男孩”，填lie(躺)的現(xiàn)在分詞lying。第二個(gè)空是謂語動(dòng)詞lie(說謊)，根據(jù)語境可知，本句敘述的是過去的事，要用一般過去時(shí)，此空格用動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)，要填lied。第三個(gè)空是賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一部分，根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指把書本“放置”在書架上，lay是“放置”之意，此空格要用過去完成時(shí)，即用lay的過去分詞，即laid。綜合可知，本題選B。13.—Whatshallwedotonight?—

．It'suptoyou． A．Italldepends

B．Noproblem

C．Idon'tcare

D．Don'tmentionit參考答案：C14.Poetrywrittenfromthe______oftheurbanyouthtendstorevealtheiranxietyoveralackofsenseofbelonging.A.perspective

B.priority

C.participation

D.privilege參考答案：Aperspective觀點(diǎn)、看法；priority優(yōu)先權(quán)；participation參加、參與；privilege特權(quán)。此處是指城市年輕人的觀點(diǎn)（看法），所以選A。解題的關(guān)鍵在于正確理解和把握一詞多義和熟詞生義15.—Butforyourtimelywarning,we_________intogreattrouble.

—Well,youknowwe’refriends.A.wouldget

B.musthavegot

C.wouldhavegot

D.canhavegot參考答案：C略28.—CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutHollandinEurope?

—Itisasmallcountry______sizeandpopulation.

A.infaceof

B.intermsof

C.inneedof

D.incaseof參考答案：B略17.Nowadaysteenagersliketogotofastfoodrestaurants,______,asthenamesuggests,eatingdoesn’ttakemuchtime.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.who參考答案：B,考查非限定性定語從句。句意：“現(xiàn)如今青少年喜歡去快餐店吃飯。正如其名字所顯示的那樣，在快餐店吃飯不會(huì)花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間?！本渲邢刃性~restaurant在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，故選擇where。18.BythesideoftheBird’sNest________，completedin2008.

A．therestandingtheWaterCube

B．doestheWaterCubestand

C．theWaterCubestands

D．standstheWaterCube參考答案：D二、書面表達(dá)19.隨著手機(jī)的普及化，越來越多的學(xué)生將手機(jī)帶入校園。你作為?？浾邔?duì)一些師生就學(xué)生隨身攜帶手機(jī)的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了采訪。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面所提供的信息用英語給你校校刊寫一篇報(bào)道，客觀介紹人們的看法，并表述自己的觀點(diǎn)。要點(diǎn)如下：支持者的看法反對(duì)者的看法你的看法方便與家人朋友聯(lián)系；可以放松一下自己；一些手機(jī)應(yīng)用對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)有幫助；使學(xué)生分心，成績(jī)下降；影響睡眠；

？注意：1.內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上要點(diǎn)，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容連貫；2.詞數(shù)100左右，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：手機(jī)應(yīng)用APP

使分心distractIt’scommonnowadaysinsomeschoolsthatstudentstakemobilephoneswiththem.Andpeoplehavedistinctlydifferentideasonthisissue.

參考答案：【范文】It’scommonnowadaysinsomeschoolsthatstudentstakemobilephoneswiththem.Andpeoplehavedistinctlydifferentideasonthisissue.Somepeopleapproveofit.Firstofall,it’sconvenientforstudentstokeepintouchwithfamiliesandfriendsbyusingmobilephones.Itcanalsorelievestudentsofstressfromtimetotime.Besides,someAPPscanhelpstudentswiththeirstudy,suchasYoudaoDictionaryandmusicplayersforlisteningpractice.However,othersobjecttoitbecauseit’sagreatdistractionforstudents,whichmaycauseadropingrades.Andaddictedtomobilephones,somestudentsmayspendmuchoftheirsleeptimeplayingwithmobilephones.Inmyopinion,studentsshouldbeallowedtousemobilephonesaslongastheykeepinmindthatstudyistheirmajortask.【思路點(diǎn)撥】該文是一議論文，主要討論學(xué)生應(yīng)該帶手機(jī)上學(xué)，并清晰表述人們的觀點(diǎn)，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和第三人稱。文中使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)，addictedto短語作狀語，aslongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句等；還使用的高級(jí)詞匯approveof，convenient，relieve等；還使用了however，besides等連接詞，讓文章一氣呵成，等等這一切亮點(diǎn)都在告訴我們作者的英語功底深厚。20.假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)朋友來信請(qǐng)你在寒假教她學(xué)習(xí)漢語。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，用英語給她寫封回信。時(shí)間：每周三下午3:00—5:00地點(diǎn)：李華家書房?jī)?nèi)容：1.日常會(huì)話；

2.中文歌曲；

3.中國(guó)節(jié)日。ks5u注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開頭語已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。4.參考詞匯：書房（study）ks5uDearVelinda,Gladtohearfromyou.I’dliketotellyouwhatIhaveplannedforyourChinesestudy.

Bestwishes.Lihua參考答案：DearVelinda,Gladtohearfromyou.I’dliketotellyouwhatIhaveplannedforyourChinesestudy.WecanbeginourChineseclassinmystudyat3pmeveryWednesdayduringthewinterholiday.Theclasslaststwohours.Intheclass,wewillpracticespokenChinese.IwillteachyousomebeautifulChinesesongs,includingpopularandfolkones,whichcanhelpyoulearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.What’smore,I’dliketointroducesomeChinesefestivalstoyou,suchastheSpringFestival,theLanternFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival.Luckily,wewillcelebratetwoimportantChinesefestivalsmentionedaboveduringthiswinterholiday.IbelieveyoucanimproveyourChineseandwe’llhaveagoodtimetogether.Bestwishes,LiHua

三、閱讀理解21.Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields．ComponentsofSoft

Soilismadeupofanumberoflayers(層)，eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexture．Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter．Itactslikeablanket．limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss．Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus(腐殖質(zhì))，whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour．Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoil，alayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter．Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock．

Soilformsfromthebottomup．Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrain,wind，frost,andsnow．Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering．Plantsbegintogrow，androttenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil．MostofthesoilinEasternCanada．forexample．Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2．000yearsag0．WaterBeneaththeSoil

Surfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes．ponds．a(chǎn)ndrivers．Onceinthesoilorrock，itiscalledgroundwater．Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation(滲透)．Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．

Aswaterpercolatesdownward，itdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers．Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpH

Soilcanbeacidic．neutral．orbasic．ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformed．a(chǎn)ndbythenatureoft}leplantsthatgrowandrotinit．

TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil．Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoal，oilandgasoline，humanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils．Whenfossilfuelsareburned．gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain．Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels．Asnutrientsareremoved，soilislessfertile．Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoil，andalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases．67．Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled．

A．1itter

B．topsoil

C．humusD．subsoil68．Accordingtothetext．whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．Soilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurface．

B．Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthant}lesurfacesoil．

C．Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil．

D．Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth．69．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies

．A．betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB．inthesubsoillayerabovebedrock

C．betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrock

D．inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil70．Theunderlinedword“dissolve”isusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare

．

A．rushedawayintotheriver

B．cleanedandpurifiedbywater

C．destroyedandcarriedawaybywater

D．mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit參考答案：67．B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus（腐殖質(zhì)），whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour。Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．68．B解析：推理判斷題Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock。可以看出答案69．C解析：推理判斷題Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．可以看出答案70．D解析：水滲透下來以后，泥土中有機(jī)質(zhì)和其他物質(zhì)和水按常識(shí)是和水混在一起，然后分解。看出答案。22.Wheneverweseeabutton,weareeagertopressitbecauseweknowsomethingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcases,forexampleonadoorbellandonthe“on/off”buttonontheTV.Butsomebuttonsareactuallyfake,likethe“close”buttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingthe“close”buttonbecausetheydon’thavethepatiencetowaitfortheliftdoorstoshut.Butlifts’“close”buttonsareacompletescam(騙局),atleastintheUS--thedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsurethatallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.OnlyUSfirefightersandrepairmencanusethebuttonstospeedupthedoor-closingprocessiftheyhaveacodeorspecialkeys.Buttonormalliftriders,thebuttonsaren’tcompletelyuseless.Accordingtopsychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.“Perceived(能夠感知的)controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-being,”EllenJ.Langer,apsychologyprofessor,said,“havingalackofcontrolisassociatedwithdepression.”Expertshaverevealedthatalotofbuttonsthatdon’tdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(溫度調(diào)節(jié)器)becausepeopletendtofeelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkspace.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittle“whitelies”,theystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.“Thathabitisheretostay,”JohnKounios,apsychologyprofessor,said.“EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetrafficlightbuttons,Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,I’vegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhynotpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork?”25.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toanalyzethefunctionsoffakebuttons.B.Todescribesomedifferentkindsoffakebuttons.C.Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffakebuttons.D.Toexplorepeople’sdifferenthabitswhenitcomestopu