2023屆陜西省西安市新城區(qū)西安市重點中學(xué)高三一模英語試題

22/2323/23/高三英語試卷考生注意:1.本試卷共150分,考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdoesthewoman’shusbandprobablydo?A.Asalesman.B.Anengineer.C.Aprofessor.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havingameeting.B.Listeningtomusic.C.Listeningtoalecture.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthecandlelight?A.Itlooksgood.B.It’snotbrightenough.C.It’sbetterthanelectriclight.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inabookstore.C.Inalibrary.5.Whydoesthemanfixthecarhimself?A.Hewantstosavemoney.B.Heisgoodatrepairingcars.C.Itiseasyforhimtorepairit.第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白,每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6.7題。6.Whatarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.Aperformance.B.Acamp.C.Abaseballgame.7.Howdothespeakersfeel?A.Excited.B.Annoyed.C.Nervous.聽第7段材料,回答第8.9題。8.Howlongwilltheman’sfriendbestayingintheapartment?A.Anothermonthormore.B.Atleasttwomonths.C.Lessthanamonth.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttheman’sfriendtodo?A.Moveout.B.Findajobinamonth.C.Sharethehouseholdexpenses.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidthewomandoduringtheweekend?A.Shehaddinnerinarestaurant.B.Shewatchedamovieinacinema.C.Shecelebratedhermother’sbirthday.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Itisboring.B.Itisgreat.C.Itisconfusing.12.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSaturday?A.Buyabirthdaypresent.B.Visitsomefriends.C.Holdaparty.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.14.Howmuchwillthemanpayforfourticketsifthepromotionisstillavailable?A.$500.B.$1.500.C.$2,000.15.Whatwillthewomanberesponsiblefor?A.Hiringacar.B.Bookinghotels,C.Planningthesightseeing.16.Whatdoesthemanrequirethewomantodo?A.Takeonesuitcase.B.Takealotofclothes.C.Packhersuitcaseherself.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whichflightshavebeencanceled?A.OnestoNorthernEurope.B.OnestoWesternEurope.C.OnestoEasternEurope.18.Whenmightthecanceledflightsberescheduledtotakeoff?A.Afterthewindclearstheair.B.Afterthebigrainstormstops.C.Afterthefirefighterscontrolsmoke.19.Whatdoestheairportprovidetheaffectedpassengerswithtonight?A.Aquietzonewithchairs.B.Hotelroomsforsleeping.C.Paidcupboardsforstoringtheirluggage.20.Whatdoesthespeakerasksomepassengerstopayattentionto?A.Radioannouncements.B.Websiteupdates.C.Textmessages.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。ATheSteinhardtSchool’sprograminvocal(聲音的)performanceoffersmusic-basedtrainingforacareerinmusictheatreperformance.Ourcurriculumisdesignedfortheseriousyoungmusicianswhoareseekingaprogramthatfullycombinesthestudyofvoicewiththestudyofacting.ThecoursecontentInadditiontovoice,actinganddanceaswellascoursesinmusictheatrehistory,ourprogram’smusictheatrespecializationtrainingtakesplacethroughanintensiveseriesofmusictheatreworkshops.TheperformanceopportunitiesBesidestheworkinclassroomsandstudios,theprogramoffersperformanceopportunitiesinfully-stagedproductionsundertheguidanceofprofessionaldirectors,conductors,musicaldirectors,anddesigners.OurguestartistsaredrawnfromNewYork’scommunityofprofessionalartistswhocountBroadway,regionaltheatreandnationaltoursamongtheircredit.Undergraduateandgraduatestudentsalsobenefitfromtheextraordinaryopportunitiesavailablethroughthediverseofferingsofamajoruniversityintheculturalcapitaloftheworld,NewYorkCity.ThegraduationStudentsspecializinginmusictheatremaketheirpublicappearanceintheirfinaltermastheyarepresentedtoNewYork’sagents,castingdirectors,directorsandproducersintheirgraduationshowcasedesignedtoevaluatetheworkofeachstudentandhelpthemmaketheirfirstprofessionalcontactsintheindustry.ThecontactdetailsTelephone:217-998-5156,217-998-5157UndergraduateInquiries:ProfessorDiannaHeldmanGraduateInquiries:Dr.AnaFlaviaZuim1.Whoistheprogramintendedfor?A.Universityteachers.B.Famoussingers.C.Musicalstudents.D.Professionaldirectors.2.Whatshouldthestudentsdotograduatefromtheprogram?A.Putonashow.B.Evaluatetheirwork.C.Meetaproducer.D.Changetheirappearance.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.Fashion.B.Education.C.Economy.D.Technology.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一門音樂表演課程的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Ourcurriculumisdesignedfortheseriousyoungmusicianswhoareseekingaprogramthatfullycombinesthestudyofvoicewiththestudyofacting.(我們的課程是為認(rèn)真的年輕音樂家設(shè)計的，他們正在尋求一個將聲音學(xué)習(xí)與表演學(xué)習(xí)充分結(jié)合的課程。)”可知，這些年輕的音樂家還尋求課程，應(yīng)該還是音樂系的學(xué)生。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“StudentsspecializinginmusictheatremaketheirpublicappearanceintheirfinaltermastheyarepresentedtoNewYork’sagents,castingdirectors,directorsandproducersintheirgraduationshowcasedesignedtoevaluatetheworkofeachstudentandhelpthemmaketheirfirstprofessionalcontactsintheindustry.(音樂戲劇專業(yè)的學(xué)生在最后一學(xué)期公開亮相，他們在畢業(yè)展示中被展現(xiàn)給紐約的經(jīng)紀(jì)人、選角導(dǎo)演、導(dǎo)演和制片人，旨在評估每個學(xué)生的工作，并幫助他們在行業(yè)中進(jìn)行首次職業(yè)接觸。)”可知，為了畢業(yè)，這些學(xué)生需要準(zhǔn)備一次表演。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“TheSteinhardtSchool’sprograminvocal(聲音的)performanceoffersmusic-basedtrainingforacareerinmusictheatreperformance.(斯坦哈特學(xué)校的聲樂表演課程為音樂戲劇表演職業(yè)生涯提供基于音樂的培訓(xùn)。)”可知，這是一門關(guān)于音樂表演的課程，故可能出自報紙的教育板塊。故選B項。BAfterrealizingstudentsathiselementaryschoolweregoinghungryathome.PEteacherJasonWatsongotawaveofinspirationandacoolsetofwheels.Jasonandhiswife,schoollibrarianAnne,boughtausedice-creamtruck,andforthepasttwosummers,thecouple,both39,havedeliveredhothomecookedlunchesandicytreatstokidsinneedintheir1,300-persontownofFrazeysburg,Ohio,withthehelpoftheirownkids.Itallstartedbackin2016whenthepairstartedAIMOutreach,anextracurricularpro-gramforkidsthatincludedfreelunches.Whenthetoughtimecamein2020,theirin-personoutreachwaspausedindefinitely.SoonedayJasonaskedalocalicecreamtruckownerifhe’ddrivethefamilyaroundtohandoutfreetreats.Whathegotwassomethingmore.“Hejustfellsoinlovewithourcommunityandwhatweweredoingthatheofferedoneofhisicecreamtruckstous,”Jasonsays.ThecouplepurchasedthetruckinOctober,2020andhavebeenhardatworksince.Thefamilycooksallthemealsthemselvesfromscratch,postingonsocialmediathedatesandtimeswhentheywillbedelivering.Theyserveabout70mealsaweekinthesummertime.Todate,theyestimatethey’veservedabout1,500lunchesfromthetruck.ThecouplelaunchedaGoFundMeinJune,2022whenthetruckneededbothanewtrans-missionandanewengine.Theyraisedmorethan$10.000,They’vebeenblownawaybytheoutpouringofdonations.“Andwe’vebeeninspiredtodomore,”saysAnne.“Ourdreamistopossiblyopenafreecafewhereweinvitepeopletositandhaveahotdinner.Thenwecansitdownandsharelifetogether.That’skindofourvisiongoingahead.”4.WhatmadeJasonWatsonstartthedelivery?A.Acoolsetofwheels.B.Hisstudentsbeingstarvedathome.C.Encouragementfromhiswife.D.Awaveofinspirationfromstrangers.5.Howdidtheicecreamtruckownerrespondtothecouple’srequest?A.Supportive.B.Shocked.C.Puzzled.D.Embarrassed.6.Whatdidthecoupleusethedonatedmoneyfor?A.Employingworkers.B.Bookingfoodmaterial.C.Replacingtruckparts.D.Buyingtheoldtruck.7.Whatisthecouple’swish?A.Toopenafreeshop.B.Todelivermorefood.C.Tohaveanewtruck.D.Toofferfreefoodinacafe.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一對39歲的夫婦在俄亥俄州弗雷澤斯堡鎮(zhèn)，在他們自己孩子的幫助下，為有需要的孩子們送去了熱的家庭午餐和冰食。以及這對夫婦最終的愿望是開一家咖啡館，為人們提供免費食物。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afterrealizingstudentsathiselementaryschoolweregoinghungryathome.”（他意識到自己小學(xué)的學(xué)生在家里挨餓。）以及第二段中“andforthepasttwosummers,thecouple,both39,havedeliveredhothomecookedlunchesandicytreatstokidsinneedintheir1,300-persontownofFrazeysburg,Ohio,withthehelpoftheirownkids.”（過去兩個夏天，這對39歲的夫婦在俄亥俄州弗雷澤斯堡鎮(zhèn)，在他們自己孩子的幫助下，為有需要的孩子們送去了熱的家庭午餐和冰食。）可知，他的學(xué)生在家里挨餓是讓杰森·沃森決定開始送貨的。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Hejustfellsoinlovewithourcommunityandwhatweweredoingthatheofferedoneofhisicecreamtruckstous,”Jasonsays.”（杰森說：“他非常喜歡我們的社區(qū)和我們所做的事情，所以他給我們提供了一輛冰淇淋車?！保┕士赏浦苛苘?yán)习鍖τ谶@對夫婦的要求是表示支持的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThecouplelaunchedaGoFundMeinJune,2022whenthetruckneededbothanewtrans-missionandanewengine.Theyraisedmorethan$10.000,They’vebeenblownawaybytheoutpouringofdonations.”（這對夫婦在2022年6月啟動了GoFundMe，當(dāng)時卡車需要一個新的變速箱和一個新的發(fā)動機(jī)。他們籌集了一萬多美元。如潮水般涌來的捐款使他們大為震驚。）可知，這對夫婦用捐贈的錢來更換卡車部件。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ourdreamistopossiblyopenafreecafewhereweinvitepeopletositandhaveahotdinner.”（我們的夢想是開一家免費咖啡館，邀請人們坐下來吃一頓熱晚餐。）可知，這對夫婦的愿望是開一家咖啡館，為人們提供免費食物。故選D項。CRecently,16ChineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtothecollectionoftheBritishLibraryforthefirsttime,includingTheEraoftheEarth,TheFirstOrder,GreatDoctorLingRan,andGreatPower,HeavyIndustry.Coveringthemesofsciencefiction,history,realityandfantasy,theseworksareconsideredtheclassicsofChineseonlineliteraturefromthepast20years.Oneofthelargestresearchlibrariesintheworld,theBritishLibraryhousesmorethan170millionitems,includingtheculturalrelicsofdifferentcivilizationsfromthroughouthistory.Thelibraryusuallyselectsworksbasedontheirpopularityorbyconsideringanitem’svalue.Readerscanchecktheinformationaboutthe16booksonthelibrary’swebsite,andborrowprintedcopies.Asoneofthecurrentpillars(支柱)ofmassculturalconsumption,whichbeganwith“fastfood”romances,fantasiesandmysteries-enjoyabletoconsume,butnotintellectuallynutritious,theChineseonlineliteratureindustryhasquicklymaturedduringitsfastdevelopmentoverthelasttwodecades.Inrecentyears,onlinenovelshavereceivedincreasingacknowledgmentfromhomeandabroad.In2019,10onlinenovels,includingGreatPower,HeavyIndustry,wereaddedtothecollectionoftheShanghaiLibrary,andbetween2020and2022,144onlinenovelslikeBattleThroughtheHeavensandLordofMysterieswereenteredintothecollectionoftheNationalLibraryofChina.GreatPower,HeavyIndustrytellsofhowChina’smanufacturingindustrieshavegrownstrongerinrecentdecades,andforeignreaderscanlearnabouttheChinesesystemandculturebehindthecountry’sswifteconomicdevelopment,gettingtoknowChinabetterintheprocess,theauthor,whoseonlinepennameisQicheng,says.Inrecentyears,Chineseonlineliteraturehasattractedanincreasingnumberofreadersfromoverseas.Oneofthelargestonlineliteratureplatforms,ChinaLiteratureGroup,hasauthorizedthedigitalandprintcopyrightsofmorethan800onlinenovelstooverseasmarkets.8.WhichwordcandescribetheBritishLibrary’scontainingChinesewebnovels?A.Official.B.Automatic.C.Historic.D.Original.9.WhatisthecriterionofabookbeingselectedbytheBritishLibrary?A.Itsdesign.B.Itscover.C.Itslanguage.D.Itsworth.10.WhatcanweknowaboutGreatPower,HeavyIndustry?A.Itiscollectedatleastbytwolibraries.B.ItisthemedatChinesesystemandculture.C.IttellsofthegrowthofChina’sliteratureindustry.D.TheNationalLibraryofChinacontaineditin2020.11.WhatshouldforeignlibrariesdotocontainaChinesewebnovel?A.Obtainitsoriginal.B.Getauthorizedfirst.C.Getitsreaders’recognition.D.DownloaditfromtheInternet.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹大英博物館收錄16部中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說。8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Recently,16ChineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtothecollectionoftheBritishLibraryforthefirsttime,includingTheEraoftheEarth,TheFirstOrder,GreatDoctorLingRan,andGreatPower,HeavyIndustry.(近日，大英圖書館的新收錄了16部中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學(xué)作品，其中包括《地球紀(jì)元》、《第一序列》、《大醫(yī)凌然》、《大國重工》等。)”可推斷，大英圖書館收藏的中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說具有歷史意義。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thelibraryusuallyselectsworksbasedontheirpopularityorbyconsideringanitem’svalue.(圖書館通常根據(jù)作品受歡迎程度或考慮其價值來選擇作品。)”可知，大英圖書館選書的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是根據(jù)其價值。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Recently,16ChineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtothecollectionoftheBritishLibraryforthefirsttime,includingTheEraoftheEarth,TheFirstOrder,GreatDoctorLingRan,andGreatPower,HeavyIndustry.(近日，大英圖書館的新收錄了16部中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學(xué)作品，其中包括《地球紀(jì)元》、《第一序列》、《大醫(yī)凌然》、《大國重工》等。)”和第四段“In2019,10onlinenovels,includingGreatPower,HeavyIndustry,wereaddedtothecollectionoftheShanghaiLibrary,andbetween2020and2022,144onlinenovelslikeBattleThroughtheHeavensandLordofMysterieswereenteredintothecollectionoftheNationalLibraryofChina.(2019年，《大國重工》等10部網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說入藏到上海圖書館，在2020年至2022年期間，144部網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說入選國家圖書館的藏書，其中包括《詭秘之主》和《斗破蒼穹》。)”可知，《大國重工》這部網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品至少有兩家圖書館收藏它。故選A。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneofthelargestonlineliteratureplatforms,ChinaLiteratureGroup,hasauthorizedthedigitalandprintcopyrightsofmorethan800onlinenovelstooverseasmarkets.(最大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學(xué)平臺之一閱文集團(tuán)已經(jīng)向海外市場授權(quán)了800多部網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說的數(shù)字和印刷版權(quán)。)”可知，外國圖書館收藏中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說，先獲得授權(quán)。故選B。DAnanalysisinnearly2.3millionEuropeanshasfoundharmfulassociationsbetweencoldweatheranddeathsfromheartdisease,particularlyinpoorneighborhoods.Thelate-breakingresearchispresentedatESCCongress2022.Climatechangeisleadingtoariseintheaverageglobaltemperaturebutalsoextremecoldinsomeregions.Morethan70,000extradeathsoccurredacrossEuropeduringthesummerof2003duetovehementheatwaves.Coldweatheralsoaccountsforextradeathsandhospitaladmissions.Previousstudiesonthecardiovascular(心血管的)effectsofheatandcoldmainlyusedcollectivedata,suchasdailydeathsinacity.Theanalysisusedindividualdata,enablingustoidentifyweakgroupsforprotectivemeasures,thereforeincreasingadaptationforfutureweatherevents.Theanalysisfoundincreasedrisksofdeathfromcardiovasculardiseaseoverall.Withanapproximately10℃temperaturedrop,from5℃to-5℃,therewasa19%greaterriskofdeathfromcardiovasculardisease.Therewasa4%higherriskofheartdiseaseassociatedwithanapproximately11℃temperaturedrop.from2℃to-9℃.StudyauthorProfessorStefanAgewalloftheUniversityofOslo,Norwaysaid,“Therelationshipsbetweencoldtemperaturesanddeathsweremorepronouncedinmenandpeoplelivinginneighborhoodswithalowsocialandeconomicstatus.Thelinksbetweencoldandheartdiseasewerestrongeramongwomenandpeopleolderthan65years.”ProfessorAgewalladded,“Doctorscanusethisinformationtoprovidetailoredadviceforthosemostatriskofbadhealthoutcomesduringhotandcolddays.Wecanallcheckthenewsforextremeheatandcoldalertsandfollowsafetytipsfromlocalauthorities.”12.Whichmaybestreplacetheunderlinedword“vehement”inparagraph2?A.comfortableB.impressiveC.accessibleD.intense13.Whydidtheanalysisuseindividualdata?A.Tomakesureindividualsgetreadyforextremeweather.B.Todeterminetheeffectofextradeathsfromextremeweather.C.Toidentifyspecificgroupseasilyaffectedbyextremeweather.D.Toanalyzethelinksbetweenindividualsandextremeweather.14.WhatdidProfessorAgewallexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Whattailoredadviceismadeupof.B.Howhisfindingsmaybenefitpeople.C.Whatweatherreportcandoforpatients.D.Whybadhealthoutcomesoccurinextremeweather.15.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ProtectivemeasuresforextremeweathereventsB.TheconstantlyincreasingaverageglobaltemperatureC.ThelinksbetweenclimatechangeandextremeweatherD.Potentialthreattohearthealthfromextremeweather【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是一項對近230萬歐洲人的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，寒冷天氣與心臟病死亡之間存在有害聯(lián)系，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Morethan70,000extradeathsoccurredacrossEuropeduringthesummerof2003dueto(2003年夏天，歐洲有7萬多人死于)”和“heatwaves(熱浪)”可知，2003年夏天，歐洲有7萬多人死于猛烈的熱浪，劃線詞vehement的意思是“十分強(qiáng)烈的”，和intense意思相近，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theanalysisusedindividualdata,enablingustoidentifyweakgroupsforprotectivemeasures,thereforeincreasingadaptationforfutureweatherevents.(該分析使用了個別數(shù)據(jù)，使我們能夠確定采取保護(hù)措施的弱勢群體，從而提高對未來天氣事件的適應(yīng)能力。)”可知，分析使用個人數(shù)據(jù)的目的是找出易受極端天氣影響的特定群體。故選C。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Doctorscanusethisinformationtoprovidetailoredadviceforthosemostatriskofbadhealthoutcomesduringhotandcolddays.Wecanallcheckthenewsforextremeheatandcoldalertsandfollowsafetytipsfromlocalauthorities.(醫(yī)生可以利用這些信息，為那些在冷熱天氣中最容易出現(xiàn)不良健康狀況的人提供量身定制的建議。我們都可以查看極端高溫和寒冷警報的新聞，并遵循當(dāng)?shù)卣陌踩崾尽?”可知，ProfessorAgewall在最后一段想要表達(dá)的是他的發(fā)現(xiàn)如何造福人類。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Ananalysisinnearly2.3millionEuropeanshasfoundharmfulassociationsbetweencoldweatheranddeathsfromheartdisease,particularlyinpoorneighborhoods.(一項對近230萬歐洲人的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，寒冷天氣與心臟病死亡之間存在有害聯(lián)系，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。)”，第二段的“Morethan70,000extradeathsoccurredacrossEuropeduringthesummerof2003duetovehementheatwaves.Coldweatheralsoaccountsforextradeathsandhospitaladmissions.(2003年夏天，由于熱浪肆虐，歐洲有7萬多人死亡。寒冷的天氣也導(dǎo)致了額外的死亡和住院。)”和第三段的“Previousstudiesonthecardiovascular(心血管的)effectsofheatandcoldmainlyusedcollectivedata,suchasdailydeathsinacity.Theanalysisusedindividualdata,enablingustoidentifyweakgroupsforprotectivemeasures,thereforeincreasingadaptationforfutureweatherevents.(以前關(guān)于冷熱對心血管的影響的研究主要使用的是集體數(shù)據(jù)，比如一個城市的每日死亡人數(shù)。該分析使用了個別數(shù)據(jù)，使我們能夠確定采取保護(hù)措施的弱勢群體，從而提高對未來天氣事件的適應(yīng)能力。)”可知，本文主要講的是極端天氣對心臟健康的潛在威脅，因此最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是D選項“Potentialthreattohearthealthfromextremeweather(極端天氣對心臟健康的潛在威脅)”，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Havingavegetablegardenoffersmanyhealthbenefits.Herearereasonswhyahomevegetablegardenbeatseventhefarmers’mnarketwhenitcomestoyourhealthandwell-being.___16___Gardeningisveryphysical.Whatmakesgardeningbetterthanagymworkoutisthatithappensoutdoorswithfreshairandsunshine.Whetheryouareweedinginthedown-warddogposition,ordiggingbagsofsoil,agardendeliversthefullgymexperience,fromcardiorightdowntoyoga.Yourgardenprovidesyouwitharawdiet.Mosthomegrowncropstastebetterthanstore-bought,butnovegetabletakesthistothenextlevellikesweetpeas.___17___,butmostgardenersfindthatevenafewvines(藤)areworththespace.Ahandfuloffreshly-shelled,rawsweetpeasburstingintoyourmouthonasummermorninghavefewrivalsinthefoodkingdom.___18___Theaverageconsumerremainsatthemercyoftheproducebuyeratthelocalmarket,butoncethehomegardenerdiscoversthediversityofcolorsandtastesthatcanbehomegrown,anutrient-richvegetablechoiceopensup.Heirloom(原種)tomatoesrangeincolorfromdeeppurpleandnearlyblacktogoldenyellowandpalewhite.Besidesthecolor,thereisanotherbenefit.___19___.Yourgardenallowsyoutogive.___20___,butnothingfeelsasgreataswhenyousharefood.Imaginehowitfeelsforotherstoreceivefreshhomegrownvegetables.Abasketofheir-loomcherrytomatoescandisappearfasterthanaboxofdonutsdeepfriedinfat.A.It’snicetoreceivegiftsB.WeknowthatitfeelsgoodtogiveC.YourgardenletsyoueattherainbowD.ThevegetablegardenmakesyouachefE.GrowingvegetableshelpsyoutakeexerciseF.ExpertsmaynotrecommendsweetpeasforsmallgardensG.Nutritionistsagreethatcolorfulvegetablesarerichinnutrition【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是家庭菜園對健康和幸福有益的原因?！?6題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后的“Gardeningisveryphysical.Whatmakesgardeningbetterthanagymworkoutisthatithappensoutdoorswithfreshairandsunshine.Whetheryouareweedinginthedown-warddogposition,ordiggingbagsofsoil,agardendeliversthefullgymexperience,fromcardiorightdowntoyoga.(園藝是非常需要體力勞動的。園藝比健身房鍛煉更好的地方在于，園藝是在戶外進(jìn)行的，有新鮮的空氣和陽光。無論你是下犬式除草，還是挖土袋，花園都能提供全面的健身體驗，從有氧運動到瑜伽。)”可知，本段主要講的是園藝是一種鍛煉，E選項“Growingvegetableshelpsyoutakeexercise(種蔬菜有助于鍛煉身體)”說明了進(jìn)行園藝可以鍛煉，因此概括本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選E?！?7題詳解】空前說“Mosthomegrowncropstastebetterthanstore-bought,butnovegetabletakesthistothenextlevellikesweetpeas.(大多數(shù)自家種植的作物都比商店買的好吃，但沒有一種蔬菜能像甜豌豆那樣達(dá)到更高的水平。)”，空后說“butmostgardenersfindthatevenafewvines(藤)areworththespace.Ahandfuloffreshly-shelled,rawsweetpeasburstingintoyourmouthonasummermorninghavefewrivalsinthefoodkingdom.(但大多數(shù)園丁發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使只有幾株藤蔓，也值得擁有這樣的空間。在夏日的早晨，一把新鮮的、生的甜豌豆涌進(jìn)你的嘴里，在美食王國里沒有什么能與之匹敵的了。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)該說到和甜豌豆相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)選項“Expertsmaynotrecommendsweetpeasforsmallgardens(專家可能不建議小花園種植甜豌豆)”說明的是和甜豌豆相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后的“Theaverageconsumerremainsatthemercyoftheproducebuyeratthelocalmarket,butoncethehomegardenerdiscoversthediversityofcolorsandtastesthatcanbehomegrown,anutrient-richvegetablechoiceopensup.Heirloom(原種的)tomatoesrangeincolorfromdeeppurpleandnearlyblacktogoldenyellowandpalewhite.(普通消費者仍然受當(dāng)?shù)厥袌錾限r(nóng)產(chǎn)品買家的擺布，但一旦家庭園丁發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以自己種植的顏色和口味的多樣性，營養(yǎng)豐富的蔬菜就有了選擇。原種番茄的顏色從深紫色、接近黑色到金黃色和淡白色不等。)”可知，家庭菜園能帶來各種顏色，C選項“Yourgardenletsyoueattherainbow(你的花園讓你吃彩虹（般顏色的蔬菜）)”概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選C。【19題詳解】空格前說“Besidesthecolor,thereisanotherbenefit.(除了顏色，還有一個好處。)”，空格處應(yīng)該說家庭菜園除了帶來豐富的顏色外，這些色彩豐富的蔬菜還有什么好處，G選項“Nutritionistsagreethatcolorfulvegetablesarerichinnutrition(營養(yǎng)學(xué)家認(rèn)為顏色鮮艷的蔬菜營養(yǎng)豐富)”說明了顏色鮮艷的蔬菜的好處是營養(yǎng)豐富，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】本段主題句是“Yourgardenallowsyoutogive.(你的花園允許你給予。)”，空后說“butnothingfeelsasgreataswhenyousharefood(但沒有什么比分享食物更讓人開心的了)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說給予是讓人開心的，B選項“Weknowthatitfeelsgoodtogive(我們知道給予的感覺很好)”說明了給予是讓人開心的，承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。In2019myson,Ollie,seven,hadsevereliverfailure.InRoyalChildren’sHospitalinMelbourne,livertransplantationwas___21___performedforOllie.The___22___becameourworldforthenexttwomonthsasOlliefoughthiswaybacktohealth.___23___,thedoctorssaidhecouldcomehomewithChristmasaroundthecorner.Iwas___24___byMake-A-WishFoundationofferingtograntawishforOllie.Itwasjustwhathe___25___.HewouldlovetosurfwithMickFanning,achampionsurferwhowasOllie’shero.SixweeksbeforeChristmas,IreceivedacalltellingmeMick___26___tosurfwithOllie.Mickhadeven___27___avideomessageforOlliesayinghewaslookingforwardtomeetinghim.InJunethisyear,Make-A-WishFoundation___28___usalltoQueensland.AswemadeourwaytoGreenMountBeach,Olliewas___29___.Finallyarrivingatthe____30____,wesawMickstandingonthesandlookingoutattheocean.“Hey,Ollie,”Micksaid,smilingandrelievinghim.Micksaid,“Let’scatchsome____31____.”ForanhourMickmadesureothersurfersgave____32____toOllieashepushedhimselfontowaveafterwave.“Thatwas____33____,”O(jiān)lliesaidtoMickafterwards.Aswewereabouttosaygoodbye,Mickhadother____34____,Inthesurfshop,he____35____Ollietoawetsuitandanythingelsehewanted.Thekidhuggedhimtight,notwantingtolethim____36____.Ollieis10nowand____37____well.Mick’s____38____wasOllie’sall-timebestChristmaspresent.Butforme,seeingmyson____39____,happyandhealthy,istheultimateChristmasgiftIcouldn’t____40____more.21.A.temporarily B.appropriately C.successfully D.actually22.A.school B.factory C.library D.Hospital23.A.Honestly B.Finally C.Usually D.Naturally24.A.rescued B.protected C.contacted D.persuaded25.A.needed B.prepared C.donated D.investigated26.A.promised B.began C.pretended D.remembered27.A.received B.recorded C.removed D.recovered28.A.transported B.admitted C.returned D.introduced29.A.hesitant B.occupied C.pleased D.nervous30.A.department B.beach C.center D.house31.A.wishes B.waves C.pictures D.chances32.A.schedule B.comment C.way D.approval33.A.rare B.simple C.positive D.awesome34.A.arrangements B.tricks C.problems D.performances35.A.led B.called C.treated D.pursued36.A.go B.ask C.stay D.stop37.A.starting B.doing C.studying D.communicating38.A.knowledge B.invitation C.understanding D.company39.A.researching B.imagining C.discussing D.smiling40.A.takeout B.giveaway C.askfor D.thinkof【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C36.A37.B38.D39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述小男孩奧利因為身體原因進(jìn)醫(yī)院做手術(shù)，恢復(fù)期間意外收到基金會的幫助，答應(yīng)他與米克一起沖浪的愿望。他成功和米克一起度過了快樂的沖浪時間，還收到了米克的禮物，特別開心。作為父母，作者也感到很欣慰?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在墨爾本皇家兒童醫(yī)院，奧利成功地進(jìn)行了肝移植手術(shù)。A.temporarily臨時地；B.appropriately適當(dāng)?shù)?；C.successfully成功地；D.actually實際上。根據(jù)下文“ThehospitalbecameourworldforthenexttwomonthsasOlliefoughthiswaybacktohealth.(在接下來的兩個月里，這家醫(yī)院成為了我們的世界，因為奧利努力恢復(fù)健康。)”可知，奧利成功地做了移植手術(shù)。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的兩個月里，這家醫(yī)院成為了我們的世界，因為奧利努力恢復(fù)健康。A.school學(xué)校；B.factory工廠；C.library圖書館；D.hospital醫(yī)院。根據(jù)上文“InRoyalChildren’sHospitalinMelbourne,livertransplantationwassuccessfullyperformedforOllie.(在墨爾本皇家兒童醫(yī)院，奧利成功地進(jìn)行了肝移植手術(shù)。)”可知，手術(shù)成功后孩子還需要在醫(yī)院恢復(fù)，故醫(yī)院成了一家人的中心。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，醫(yī)生說他可以在圣誕節(jié)即將到來時回家。A.Honestly真誠地；B.Finally最后；C.Usually通常；D.Naturally自然地。根據(jù)上文“ThehospitalbecameourworldforthenexttwomonthsasOlliefoughthiswaybacktohealth.(在接下來的兩個月里，這家醫(yī)院成為了我們的世界，因為奧利努力恢復(fù)健康。)”以及下文“thedoctorssaidhecouldcomehomewithChristmasaroundthecorner.”可知，在醫(yī)院恢復(fù)了兩個月，最后終于可以回家了。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Make-A-Wish基金會聯(lián)系了我，表示愿意為奧利許一個愿望。A.rescued救援；B.protected保護(hù)；C.contacted聯(lián)系；D.persuaded說服。根據(jù)下文“offeringtograntawishforOllie(表示愿意為奧利許一個愿望)”可知，“我”被基金會聯(lián)系上了，這樣才能讓我知道他們愿意答應(yīng)孩子的一個愿望。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這正是他所需要的。A.needed需要；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.donated捐贈；D.investigated調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“HewouldlovetosurfwithMickFanning,achampionsurferwhowasOllie’shero.(他很想和米克·范寧一起沖浪，這位沖浪冠軍是奧利的英雄。)”可知，孩子正好有一個愿望，因此他很需要基金會幫助他實現(xiàn)愿望。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：還有六個星期到圣誕節(jié)的時候，我接到電話，告訴我米克答應(yīng)和奧利一起沖浪。A.promised答應(yīng)；B.began開始；C.pretended假裝；D.remembered記住。根據(jù)下文“AswemadeourwaytoGreenMountBeach(當(dāng)我們前往綠山沙灘時，)”可知，米克答應(yīng)了和奧利一起沖浪，不然他們不會去沙灘。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：米克甚至還錄制了視頻信息給奧利，說他很期待見到奧利。A.receiv