新概念英語第三冊Lesson 10

Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanicPart1WordsandExpressions(1)Southamptonn.南安普敦（英國港市）(2)colossaladj.龐大的(extremelylarge)(3)watertightadj.不漏水的(thatdoesnotallowwatertogetinorout)(ofanexcuse,aplan,anargument,etc.)carefullypreparedsothatitcontainsnomistakes,faultsorweaknesses)(以下兩例都是引申含義)【學生版不出現(xiàn)】watertightarguments無懈可擊的觀點watertightexcuse天衣無縫的借口近義詞：waterproofwatch/raincoat防水手表/雨衣≈water-resistant(4)compartmentn.（輪船的）密封艙(oneoftheseparatesectionsthatsth.suchasapieceofequipmenthasforkeepingthingsin)(5)floodv.充滿水(ifaplacefloodsorsth.floodsit,itbecomesfilledorcoveredwithwater)引申：v.涌入，涌進(toarriveorgosomewhereinlargenumbers)難民不斷涌入鄰國。Refugeescontinuetofloodintoneighboringcountries.Cheapimportedgoodsarefloodingthemarket.廉價進口商品充斥著市場。(tobecomeormakesth.availableinaplaceinlargenumbers)v.(使)充斥，充滿【學生版不出現(xiàn)】(6)floatv.漂浮(tomoveslowlyonwater)(7)tragicadj.悲慘的(makingyoufeelverysad,usuallybecausesb.hasdiedorsufferedalot)派生詞：tragedyn.悲劇反義詞：comedyn.喜劇comicadj.喜劇的，滑稽的擴展：comediann.喜劇演員劃線部分翻譯：父母不該為他們兒子的慘死而承擔罵名。Theparentswerenottoblameforthetragicdeathoftheirson.LillianBoard’sdeathat22wasatragiclossforBritishathletics.LillianBoard22歲就死了，對英國體育界而言是慘重的損失。(8)linern.班船(alargeshipthatcarriespassengers)(9)voyagen.航行(alongjourney,especiallybyseaorinspace)近義詞：飛行flight；旅程journeyPilgrimagetotheWest;JourneytotheWest西游記Bonvoyage.一路順風。Onthisdatein1492,ChristopherColumbussetsailfromPalos,Spain,onavoyagethatwouldtakehimtothepresent-dayAmericas.1492年的這一天，哥倫布從Palos出發(fā)，開始了他的航程。而這一段航程，將把他帶到現(xiàn)在的美洲。(10)icebergn.冰山(anextremelylargemassoficefloatinginthesea)(11)lookoutn.瞭望員(apersonwhohastheresponsibilityofwatchingforsth.,especiallydanger,etc.)(12)collisionn.碰撞(anaccidentinwhichsomevehiclesorpeoplecrashintoeachother)派生詞：collidevi.碰撞，撫觸collidewithsth.與……碰撞ahead-oncollision（車輛的）迎頭相撞(betweenvehiclesthataremovingtowardseachother)這是自1997年以來最為惡劣的一起事故，當時在湖南省中部發(fā)生列車相撞100多人死亡。Thisistheworstaccidentsince1997,whenatraincollisioninmiddleHunanprovincekilledover100people.近義詞：crashv./n.墜毀；conflictvi.和某事（某人）相抵觸；clashvi.相沖突e.g.Myideaconflictswithyours.e.g.Hisweddingclashedwithmyexamination,soIcouldn’tgo.（老師可口頭舉例簡單說明近義詞用法【學生版不出現(xiàn)】）(13)narrowlyadv.剛剛，勉強地(onlybyasmallamount)(14)missv.避開(tofailtohit,catch,reach,etc.sth.)(15)slightadj.輕微的(verysmallindegree)(16)tremblev.震顫(toshakeslightly)我嚇得雙腿直發(fā)抖。Mylegsweretremblingwithfear.tremble作為名詞的用法：他的聲音帶著一絲顫抖。Thereisatrembleinhisvoice.（上圖【學生版不出現(xiàn)】，老師可根據(jù)學生程度適當補充）(17)faintadj.微弱的(thatcannotbeclearlyseen,heardorsmelt)(18)horrorn.恐懼(afeelingofgreatfear)(19)abandonv.拋棄(toleaveathingorplace,especiallybecauseitisimpossibleordangeroustostay)e.g.Heabandonedhisgirlfriend.拋棄(toleavesb.,especiallysb.youareresponsiblefor,withnointentionofreturning)e.g.Heabandonedhisresearchbecauseofthewar.他因為戰(zhàn)爭不得已放棄研究。近義詞：desertv.背棄，遺棄e.g.~thearmy/theduty/hisfamily逃離軍隊/逃脫責任/拋棄家庭（【學生版不出現(xiàn)】abandon的確切含義是失去控制，或喪失了占有的能力，或“放棄”某物而不準備再要了。）Lovemakesyouseethewholeworldfromonepersonwhilehatemakesyouabandonthewholeworldforoneperson.愛讓你從一個人身上看到更廣闊的世界，而恨讓你為一個人放棄整個世界。（老師可根據(jù)學生水平作適當補充，學生版不出現(xiàn)）(20)plungev.投入，跳入(jumpintosth.especiallywithforce)Theswimmingpoolwasdeclaredopenandeagerswimmersplungedin.游泳池剛剛宣布開門，游泳的人就急切地跳入池中。plunge作名詞的用法：plungeinsth.(asuddendecreaseinanamountorthevalueofsth.)（價格、數(shù)量的）暴跌，猛降，驟減（中文學生版不出現(xiàn)）Forecastersdon’texpectanoutrightplungeinCaliforniarealestateprices.房產市場的預計者并不認為加州房價會快速跳水。近義詞：jump側重強調快速地跳；leap跳躍；dive跳水、潛水e.g.Theboyisjumpingupanddown.e.g.Heleaptoutofthesleepingbag.（【學生版不出現(xiàn)】老師可口頭舉例簡單說明近義詞用法，）(21)lifeboatn.救生船(aspecialboatthatissentouttorescuepeoplewhoareindangeratsea)Part2Text(1)(Ph1)Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.Shewascarrying1,316passengersandacrewof891.●單詞：carryv.（車，船）搭載客人●詞組：sailforsp.航行去某地，出發(fā)去某地同義詞組：setout(off)for,leavefor,headfor,makefor●篇章：首句明確交代時間地點人員等重要信息。(2)Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000-tonTitanicwasacolossalship.Atthattime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,butwasregardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.Eveniftwoofthesewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.●詞組：bymodernstandards=bycurrentstandards反義：bypaststandards擴展：byregulation依據(jù)規(guī)則byrules依據(jù)條例byone’slooks/appearance根據(jù)某人的長相●搭配：(以下練習可在課堂上口頭完成)【學生版不出現(xiàn)】high/good/low/poorstandard很高的/很低的標準meet/reach/attainastandard達到標準setastandard建立一個標準raise/improvestandardsmaintainstandards提高標準維持標準●詞組：beregardedas把……當成，看成……近義詞組：beconsideredas/tobe…(3)Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewentdownonherfirstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.●詞組：Thetragicsinkingof…動名詞做主語翻譯：殺死本拉登會在美國和穆斯林世界激起更多的仇恨。ThekillingofOsamabinLadenwouldraisemorehatredbetweenAmericaandtheMuslimworld.●詞組：lossof………的損失godown這里指sink●趣味知識：為什么用she來代指船？(【學生版不出現(xiàn)，僅供老師參考，作為killerexample】在英文里，自古以來人們總是用“she”和“her”來作為一艘船的代詞，而從來不用he或it來指代一艘船。無論是中世紀的帆船，還是最現(xiàn)代化的輪船；無論是軍艦還是商船，概莫能外。1.如同任何一位漂亮MM一樣，在她的周圍自始至終有一群男子漢甘愿為她效勞；她不會感到寂寞，因為周圍總是不乏歡笑與喧鬧。2.她有一副姣好的身材、永遠高昂的頭和勻稱的腰身；她總是穿著色彩斑爛的衣服，把自己打扮得十分入時。3.她花在保養(yǎng)方面的錢總是遠遠超過日常必需品的開支。如果有一天她耗盡資金，那肯定是因為保養(yǎng)方面的開支入不敷出。4.她和很多美麗女孩子遭遇到的煩惱一樣，經常會有受到海盜（基本都是男海盜）打劫和騷擾的風險。5.同火車、汽車、飛機相比，她的行走只能用“款款細步”來描述。6.在她駛進一個港灣時，她總是沖向一群“boys”(=“buoys”)!)(4)(Ph2)Fourdaysaftersettingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywatersoftheNorthAtlantic,ahugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedsharplytoavoidadirectcollision.TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalkoficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.●單詞：watersn.水域（老師可舉例一些名詞變復數(shù)含義不同的單詞，如times,goods,customs,papers,greens…【學生版不出現(xiàn)】）●詞組：turnsharply急轉彎turnjustintime及時拐彎directcollision正面碰撞●語言亮點：ahugeicebergwasspotted這里用spot，說明iceberg不易察覺，也為災難埋下伏筆?！駥懽髂７拢篺ourdaysaftersettingout,時間+介詞+動名詞e.g.manyyearsafterstayinginAmerica在美國待了多年之后●語法：非謂語動詞+定語從句這種非謂語動詞在句子中做伴隨的狀態(tài)，表明turnedjustintime發(fā)生的同時，也有missingtheimmensewallofice.后面由which引導的定語從句補充說明ice【學生版不出現(xiàn)】●句型模仿：一架老撾航空從首都萬象飛往南部城市的客機，在湄公河墜毀，機上49人全部遇難。ALaoAirlinesplanecrashedintoMekongRiver,killingall49peopleontheplanewhichwasflyingfromtheLaoscapitalVientianetothesoutherntown.(5)Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwentdowntoseewhathadhappened.Thenoisehadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughtthattheshiphadbeendamaged.Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,forfiveofhersixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicywater.Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.●語法：tremblingsound現(xiàn)在分詞做定語擴展：aleadingvoice主要的聲音livingstandard生活標準agrowingproject成長的項目●詞組：realizetoone’shorror驚恐地發(fā)現(xiàn)●篇章1：文章多處用到被動語態(tài)，可請學生找一找。如ahugeicebergwassuddenlyspotted,thealarmhadbeengiven,theorderwasgiven,可讓學生體會被動與主動的區(qū)別。篇章2：最后一句話與第一段最后一句相呼應。【學生版不出現(xiàn)】Part3Criticalthinking/CulturalbackgroundHaveyoueverheardabout“theIcebergPrinciple”?TheicebergprincipleisawritingtheorystatedbyafamousAmericanwriter,ErnestHemingway,asfollows:Ifawriterofproseknowsenoughaboutwhatheiswritingabouthemayomitthingsthatwillhaveafeelingofthosethingsasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem.Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater.Agoodwriterdoesnotneedtorevealeverydetailofacharacteroraction.Nowthisprinciplehasbeenappliedinvariousfields.We