建筑工程英語試題

一、選擇填空Betweenthebuildings(B)asecondaryschool.A.standB.standsC.tostandD.standingNeitherInorhe(B)fondofmusic.A.amB.isC.areD.were3.Thelawsthat(A)howthebuildingsmaybemadearebuildingcodes.A.tellB.ellsC.toldD.tellingtisexpensive(C)futurecitiesonthesea.AbuildB.builtC.tobuildD.builds.The(A)cementsarewidelyusedontheconstructionsite.A.above-mentioned B.above-mentioningC.above-mention D.above-mentions.Theproductionofsteelhasbeenincreased(B)70%.A.inB.byC.atD.on.Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestions(C)concerneveryoneofus.A.whichB.thatC.asD.those.Hehastoknow(D)strongthematerialsare.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how.TheGreatWallofChinaisthebiggeststructure(A)manhaseverbuilt.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whenA.thatB.whichC.whereD.when. (B)yougo,youcanseemanybuildings.A.WhoeverB.WhereverC.WheneverD.WhateverA.WhoeverB.WhereverC.WheneverD.Whatever.Wearelookingforwardto(C)fromyousoon.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD.hears.Fiveyuan(A)toocheapforthedictionary.A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen.Weshouldaimatcombiningbeautyandcomfort(C)awelcomingfriendliness.A.toB.inC.withD.for.Wecanseeanengineer(A)adeviceinthepicture.A.adjustingB.adjustsC.adjustedD.adjust.Youarestudyingatcollege,(B).A.sodoweB.soareweC.wearesoD.wedoso. (C)oftheEnglishfilmsarefamiliartome.I'veneverseenthembefore.A.BothB.NothingC.NoneD.Any17.Ifthegardenisbig,somefloodlightscanbe(A)A.installedB.produced C.required D.fixture18.Doseyourshop(B)rebar?A.developB.supplyC.settleD.maket’sourdutyto(A)thespecification.

A.complywithB.completeC.knowD.makeA.complywithB.completeC.knowD.make20.Thebiggerquantityyouorder,(A).thelowerpriceyouwillbeofferedthelowpriceyouwillbeofferedyouwillbeofferedlowerpriceyouwillbeofferlow二、詞組互譯1.小區(qū)規(guī)范(zoningcodes) 2.鋼筋混凝土(reinforcedconcrete)3.供熱設(shè)備(theheatingsystem)4.人工費(laborcost)5.工藝(workmanship) 6.鑄鐵管(castironpipe)7.承包商(contractor) 8.土木工程(thecivilengineering)9.工程量清單(thebillofquantities)10.建筑師(architect)11.tripod(三腳架) 12.lightingsystem(照明系統(tǒng))13.sitesafetyprogram(工地安全方案)14.qualityassurance(質(zhì)量保證)15.bankguarantees(銀行擔(dān)保) 16.materialcost(材料費)17.technicalstaff(技術(shù)人員)18.thelayoutoftherooms(房屋布局)19.townplanningrules(城市規(guī)劃)20.officeautomationsystem(辦公自動系統(tǒng))三、選詞填空(minimum\insurance\aswell\vary\serve\support\apply\foundation\spread\protect…from)Foreignlanguagecan(serveas)atool.Wehaveto(support)theroofwithpillars.Roofs(vary)inshapefromplacetoplace.Theyaretryingtoachievethemaximumofefficiencywiththe(minimum)oflabor.Hehasfoundasuitablepieceoflandandanexperiencedbuilder(aswell).Asheboughtthefire(insurance),hedidn'tsufferseverelyfromthegreatfire.Asindicatedthe(foundation)arebasesofthebuilding,whichplayanimportantpartinconstruction.Weshould(apply)theorytopractice.Thedisease(isspreadby)flies.Weshould(protect)ourplants(from)thecold.四.翻譯句子Materialsusedfordoorsandwindowframesaretimber,ironandaluminumalloys.(用于門、窗框的材料可以是木材、鐵、鋁合金。)Steelandconcretearethemostwidelyusedstructuralmaterialstoday.（鋼和混凝土是當(dāng)前廣泛使用的結(jié)構(gòu)材料。）TheLetterofAgreementisapromiseoftheContractortotheEmployer.（協(xié)議書是承包商對業(yè)主的承諾。）Eachunitpriceshouldincludematerialcost,labourcostandmachinecost.（每個單價應(yīng)包括材料費、人工費、機(jī)械費。）Nowthepopularinterestininvestmentisinfrastructureandhousingdevelopmentprojects.（現(xiàn)在的投資熱點是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施工程和住宅開發(fā)工程。）Styleoflampsshouldmatchotherdecoration.（燈的樣式應(yīng)與其他裝飾相一致。）Thelightfixturesshouldbefunctionalaswellasdecorative.（燈具應(yīng)既體觀功能又具有裝飾性。）Wecannotexpectastablesuperstructurewithoutasolidfoundation.（沒有牢固的基礎(chǔ)，難以想象會有穩(wěn)定的上部結(jié)構(gòu)。）Constructionisthetranslationofadesigntoreality.（施工就是把設(shè)計變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。）Wesupplyrebarwithvariousdiametersandstrength.（我們銷售不同的直徑和強(qiáng)度的鋼筋。）11.Isawsomeworkersworkinginthesite.（我看到工人們在工地干活。）Totranslatethisideaintorealityneedshardwork.（把這一想法變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實需要艱苦的勞動。）Itistheindividualtouchthatmakesahouseahome.(將房屋布置成個家，各人有各人的做法。）Themanagerfoundtheprojectmuchbehindtheschedule.經(jīng)理發(fā)現(xiàn)工程進(jìn)度落后于計劃進(jìn)度。）Allkindsofelectricequipmentareinstalledinmodernhomes.（現(xiàn)代住宅中裝有各種電器設(shè)備。）五.閱讀理解（一）.Shelterfromthenaturalelementsisabasicneed.Earlypeoplemetthisneedbydwellingincavesandthentheirdescendantsbegantoconstructbuildings.Anancientbuildingmaterial,timber,isstillbeingusedinhousebuilding.Improvedtechniquesnowovercomemanyofitsweaknesses.Thestrengthoftimberisdifferentalongandacrossthegrain.Multiplelayersarebondedbyadhesivestomakethegrainruninvariousdirections.Durabilityisimprovedbybettermethodsofpreservationandimprovedtimberdoesnotburneasily.Devicesforjoiningtimberstructureshavealsobeenimprovedandtheyspreadtheappliedloadoverawidearea.Moreextensivelyitisusedforjoists,rafters,windowframes,doorsandfloors.Timberalsohasappealforconservationistsbecauseitisrenewable.Wecanplantmoretreesandmanufacturethetimberintoausableform.Itinvolvesnopollutionoftheenvironment.Clayisusedintheformofbricksandtiles.Thegreatadvantageofbrickconstructionisitslowcost.Clayischeapandplentiful,andbricksaresmallenoughtobelaideasilybyhand.Stoneisstronganddurable.Inmanyrespects,itisanidealbuildingmaterial.However,itisdifficulttohandle.Stonesmustbecutfromthesolidrockinaquarryforuseinalargebuilding.Allthislabormakesstoneveryexpensiveanddifficulttoworkwith.Stoneisusedtodaymainlyasathinoutsidecoveringforlargebuildingsandforthedecorativewallsandfloorsofentrancelobbies.Manyotherkindsofmaterialsbesidesthebasicstructuralmaterialsareneededforabuilding.Concrete,steel,glass,alloys,plastics,adhesivesandpitchareamongthem.判斷對錯Thereislittleroomforimprovementinthebuildingmaterial.FTreescannotpollutetheenvironment.TBricksaremadeofclay.TStoneisascheapasbricks.FTherearemanykindsofbuildingmaterials.T（二）Tocureconcreteproperly,theexposedsurfacesmustbekeptcontinuallymoistformthemomenttheconcretefirstbeginstoset.Theconcretemustthereafterbekeptcontinuallymoistforaminimumof14daysandlongerifatallpossible.Thesimplestmethodofkeepingconcretemoististospraythesurfacewithwateratfrequentintervals（頻繁地）.Sandorburlap（麻袋片）canbespreadoverthesurfacetohelpretainmoisture.Acoveringisnecessary,inanycase,forthefirst3daysafterplacingtoprotecttheconcretefromthedirectray6光線）ofthesun.Specialcuringcompounds（養(yǎng)護(hù)劑）canalsobesprayedontheconcrete.Thesprayingshouldtakeplaceassoonasthesurfaceoftheconcretehaslostitswateryappearance.Properlyapplied,acuringcompoundwillallowtheconcretetocontinuecuringevenaftertheconcretehasbeenplacedinservice,aswithaconcretehighway,forexample.Sprayingonacuringcompoundisoftentheonlypracticalmethodofcuringconcretethathasbeenpouredintoanunusualshape.Athirdmethodofcuringconcreteistospreadasheetofpolyethylenefilmorbuildingpaperoverthesurfaceoftheconcrete.Thepolyethyleneorbuildingpapershouldoverlapthesidesoftheexposedconcrete.Thiscoveringmustremainontopoftheconcretefortheentirecuringperiod.Accordingtothepassage,alltheexposedsurfacesoftheconcretemustbekeptmoist,(B).aftertheconcretehassetassoonastheconcrete