聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約逐句中英文對(duì)照

{營銷策略培訓(xùn)}聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約逐句中英文對(duì)照聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約(逐句中英文對(duì)照）??聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約(UnitedNationsConventiononContracts??fortheInternationalSaleofGoods(1980))??Preamble??TheStatesPartiestothisConventionBearinginMindthebroadobjectivesintheresolutionsadoptedbythesixthspecialsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsontheestablishmentofaNewInternationalEconomicOrder.ConsideringthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongStates,BeingoftheOpinionthattheadoptionofuniformruleswhichgoverncontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoodsandtakeintoaccountthedifferentsocial,economicandlegalsystemswouldcontributetotheremovaloflegalbarriersininternationaltradeandpromotethedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,havedecreedasfollows:??本公約個(gè)締約國:銘記聯(lián)合國大會(huì)第六界特別會(huì)議通過的關(guān)于建立新的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)次序的各項(xiàng)決議的廣泛目標(biāo),考慮到在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展國際貿(mào)易,是促進(jìn)各國間友好關(guān)系的一個(gè)重要因素,認(rèn)為采用照顧到不同的社會(huì),助于減少國際貿(mào)易的法律障礙,促進(jìn)國際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展.茲協(xié)議如下.??PARTI??SphereofApplicationandGeneralProvisions??ChapterI??SphereofApplication??Article1??(1)ThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates:(本公約適用于營業(yè)地在不同國家的當(dāng)事人之間所訂立的貨

物銷售合同，)??(a)whentheStatesareContractingStates;or(如果這些國家是締約國,或)??(b)whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofaContractingState.(如果國際私法規(guī)則導(dǎo)致適用某一締約國的法律，)??(2)ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.(當(dāng)事人營業(yè)地在不同國家的事實(shí)，如果從合同或從訂立合同前任何時(shí)候或訂立合同時(shí),當(dāng)事人之間的任何交易或當(dāng)事人透露的情報(bào)均看不出,應(yīng)不予考慮)??(3)NeitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilormercialcharacterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.(在確定本公約的適用時(shí),考慮)??Article2??ThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:(本公約不適用以下的銷售)??(a)ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse;(購供私人,家人或家庭使用的貨物銷售,除非賣方再訂立合同前任何時(shí)候或訂立合同時(shí)不知道而且沒有理由知道這些貨物是購供任何這種使用)??(b)byauction;(經(jīng)由拍賣銷售的)??(c)onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;(根據(jù)法律執(zhí)行令狀或其他領(lǐng)狀的銷售)??(d)ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiable（可通過談判解決的）instruments（手段）ormoney;(公債，股票，投資證券,流通票據(jù)或是貨幣的銷售)??(e)ofships,vessels（船只）,hovercraft（水翼船）oraircraft;(船舶船只，氣墊船或是飛機(jī)的銷售)??(f)ofelectricity.(電力的銷售)??Article3??(1)Contractsforthesupplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobeconsideredsal

esunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestosupplyasubstantialpartofthemateria

lsnecessaryforsuchmanufactureorproduction.(供應(yīng)尚待制造或生產(chǎn)的貨物的合同應(yīng)視為

銷售合同,除非訂購貨物的當(dāng)事人保證供應(yīng)這種制造或生產(chǎn)所需的大部分重要材料.)

??(2)ThisConventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhichthepreponderant(優(yōu)勢(shì)

的)partoftheobligationsoftheparty（當(dāng)事人）

whofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesupplyoflabourorotherservices.(本公約不適用于

供應(yīng)貨物一方的絕大部分義務(wù)在于供應(yīng)勞力或其它服務(wù)的合同)??Article4??ThisConventiongovernsonlytheformation（形成）ofthecontractofsaleandtherightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfrom（產(chǎn)生）suchacontract.Inparticular,exceptasotherwiseexpressly（明確地）providedinthisConvention,itisnotconcernedwith:(本公約只適用于銷售合同的訂立和賣方和買方因此種合同而產(chǎn)生的權(quán)利和義務(wù).特別是本公約除非另有明文規(guī)定,與以下事項(xiàng)無關(guān):)??(a)thevalidity（效力）ofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisions（供應(yīng)）

orofanyusage;(合同的效力，或其任何條款的效力，或任何慣例的效力)??(b)theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.（合同對(duì)所銷售??Article5??ThisConventiondoesnotapplytotheliability（責(zé)任、義務(wù)）ofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.（本公約不適用于賣方對(duì)于貨物對(duì)任何人所造成得死亡或傷害的責(zé)任）??Article6??ThepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisConventionor,subjecttoarticle12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.（雙方當(dāng)事人可以不適用本公約，??ChapterII??GeneralProvisions??Article7??(1)IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalchara

cterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithi

ninternationaltrade.??(2)QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisConventionwhicharenotexpresslysett

ledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhichitisbasedor,int

heabsenceofsuchprinciples,inconformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofp

rivateinternationallaw.（凡本公約未明確解決的屬于本公約范圍的問題，應(yīng)按照本公約

??Article8??(1)ForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas.（本公約的目的，一方當(dāng)事人所作的聲明和其它行為，應(yīng)依照他的意旨解釋）??(2)Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances.（如果上一款的規(guī)定不適用，同情況中，應(yīng)有的理解來解釋）??(3)Indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonablepersonwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallrelevantcircumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves,usagesandanysubsequent（后來的，并發(fā)的）conductoftheparties.（在確定一方當(dāng)事人的意旨或一個(gè)通情達(dá)理的人應(yīng)有的理解時(shí)，應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)目紤]到與事實(shí)有關(guān)的一切情況，包括談判情形、??Article9??(1)Thepartiesarebound（限制）byanyusagetowhichtheyhaveagreedandbyanypracticeswhichtheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves.（雙方當(dāng)事人業(yè)已統(tǒng)一的人和慣例和他們之間確立的任何習(xí)慣作法，對(duì)雙方當(dāng)??(2)Thepartiesareconsidered,unlessotherwiseagreed,tohaveimpliedlymadeapplicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhichthepartieskneworoughttohaveknownandwhichininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto,andregularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedintheparticulartradeconcerned.（除非另有協(xié)議，雙方當(dāng)事人應(yīng)視??Article10??ForthepurposesofthisConvention:（為本公約的目的）??(a)ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessisthatwhichhasthec

losestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,havingregardtothecircumstances

knowntoorcontemplatedbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;

（如果當(dāng)事人有一個(gè)以上的營業(yè)地，則以合同約定的履行關(guān)系最密切的營業(yè)地為其營業(yè)地，

但要考慮雙方當(dāng)事人在定立合同前任何時(shí)候或訂立合同時(shí)所知道或所設(shè)想的情況；）

??(b)ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness,（營業(yè)地）referenceistobemadetohishabitualresidence.(習(xí)慣住所地)以其慣常居所地為準(zhǔn)）??Article11??Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.（銷售合同無的任何方法證明）??Article12??Anyprovisionofarticle11,article29orPartIIofthisConventionthatallowsacontractofsaleoritsmodification（變更）ortermination（終止）byagreementoranyoffer,acceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformotherthaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessinaContractingStatewhichhasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthisConvention.Thepartiesmaynotderogate（毀損）fromorvarytheeffectorthisarticle.（本公約第十一條、第十二條或第二部分一個(gè)聲明的一個(gè)締約國內(nèi)，個(gè)當(dāng)事人不得減損本條或改變其效力）??Article13??ForthepurposesofthisConvention"writing"includestelegramandtelex（電報(bào)）.（為??PARTII??FormationoftheContract??Article14??(1)Aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitu

tesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobebou

ndincaseofacceptance.Aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexp

resslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice.

??(2)Aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobeconsideredme

relyasaninvitation（邀請(qǐng)）

tomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.

??Article15??(1)Anofferbeeseffectivewhenitreachestheofferee.??(2)Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable（不能取消,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheoffereebeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.（一項(xiàng)發(fā)價(jià)，即使是不可撤銷的，得予撤回，如果撤回通知于發(fā)價(jià)送達(dá)被發(fā)價(jià)人之前或??Article16??(1)Untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevoked（無效）iftherevocation（撤回）reachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatched（發(fā)出）anacceptance.（在未訂立合同之前，??(2)However,anoffercannotberevoked:（但在下列情況下，發(fā)價(jià)不得撤銷：）??(a)ifitindicates,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceorotherwise,thatitisirrevocable;or（發(fā)價(jià)寫明接受發(fā)價(jià)的期限或以其它方式表示發(fā)價(jià)是不可撤銷的；或）??(b)ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeingirrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinreliance（相信）ontheoffer.（被發(fā)價(jià)人有理由信賴該項(xiàng)發(fā)價(jià)是不可撤銷的，??Article17??Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminated（終止）whenarejectionreachestheofferor.??Article18??(1)Astatementmadebyorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassent（同意）

toanofferisanacceptance.Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamounttoacceptance.

??(2)Anacceptanceofanofferbeeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachest

heofferor.Anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationofassentdoesnotreachtheoffer

orwithinthetimehehasfixedor,ifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbei

ngtakenofthecircumstancesofthetransaction（交

,includingtherapidityofthemeansofmunicationemployedbytheofferor.Anoralofferm

ustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstancesindicateotherwise.（接受發(fā)價(jià)于表

??(3)However,if,byvirtueof（由于）theofferorasaresultofpracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemayindicateassentbyperforminganact,suchasonerelatingtothedispatch（發(fā)送）ofthegoodsorpaymentoftheprice,withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactisperformedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddown（規(guī)定）intheprecedingparagraph.（但是，如果根據(jù)該項(xiàng)發(fā)價(jià)或依照當(dāng)事人之??Article19??(1)Areplytoanofferwhichpurports（主旨）

tobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectio

noftheofferandconstitutesacounter-offer.??(2)However,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalo

rdifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptan

ce,unlesstheofferor,withoutundue（不適當(dāng)?shù)模?/p>

delay,objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatchesanoticetothateffect.Ifhedoesnots

oobject,thetermsofthecontractaretheterms（條款）

oftheofferwiththemodificationscontainedintheacceptance.（但是，對(duì)發(fā)價(jià)表示接受但

載有添加或不同條件的答復(fù)，如所載的添加或不同條件在實(shí)質(zhì)上并不變更該項(xiàng)發(fā)價(jià)的條件，

??(3)Additionalordifferenttermsrelating,amongotherthings,totheprice,payment,qua

lityandquantityofthegoods,placeandtimeofdelivery,extentofoneparty’sliability

（責(zé)任，義務(wù)）

totheotherorthesettlementofdisputesareconsideredtoalterthetermsoftheoffermateri

ally（本質(zhì)上）.（有關(guān)貨物價(jià)格、付款、貨物質(zhì)量和數(shù)量、交付地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間、一方當(dāng)事人

??Article20??(1)Aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorinatelegramoraletterbeginstorunfromthemomentthetelegramishandedinfordispatchorfromthedateshownontheletteror,ifnosuchdateisshown,fromthedateshownontheenvelope.Aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorbytelephone,telexorothermeansofinstantaneous（即時(shí)的）munication,beginstorunfromthemomentthattheofferreachestheofferee.（發(fā)價(jià)人在電報(bào)??(2)Officialholidaysornon-businessdaysoccurringduringtheperiodforacceptanceare

includedincalculatingtheperiod.However,ifanoticeofacceptancecannotbedeliveredattheaddressoftheofferoronthelastdayoftheperiodbecausethatdayfallsonanofficialholidayoranon-businessdayattheplaceofbusinessoftheofferor,theperiodisextendeduntilthefirstbusinessdaywhichfollows.在發(fā)價(jià)人營業(yè)地是正式假日或非營業(yè)日，則接受期間應(yīng)順延至下一個(gè)營業(yè)日。??Article21??(1)Alateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinforms（告知）theoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect.（逾期接受仍有接受的效力，如果發(fā)價(jià)人毫不遲延地用口頭或書面將此種意見通知被發(fā)價(jià)人。??(2)Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect.頭或書面通知被發(fā)價(jià)人：他認(rèn)為他的發(fā)價(jià)已經(jīng)失效。??Article22??Anacceptancemaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferorbeforeoratthesametimeastheacceptancewouldhavebeeeffective.（接受得予撤回，如果撤回通知于接受原應(yīng)生效之前或同時(shí)，送達(dá)發(fā)價(jià)人。??Article23??AcontractisconcludedatthemomentwhenanacceptanceofanofferbeeseffectiveinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention.（合同于按照本公約規(guī)定對(duì)發(fā)價(jià)的接受生效時(shí)訂立。??Article24??ForthepurposesofthisPartoftheConvention,anoffer,declarationofacceptanceoranyotherindicationofintention"reaches"theaddresseewhenitismadeorallytohimordeliveredbyanyothermeanstohimpersonally,tohisplaceofbusinessormailingaddressor,ifhedoesnothaveaplaceofbusinessormailingaddress,tohishabitualresidence（習(xí)慣住所地）.（為公約本部分的目的，發(fā)價(jià)、接受聲明或任何其它意旨表示"送達(dá)"對(duì)方或通過任何其它方法送交對(duì)方本人，或其營業(yè)地或通訊地址，如無營業(yè)地或通訊地址，則送交對(duì)方慣常居住地。??PARTIII??SaleofGoods??ChapterI??GeneralProvisions??Article25??Abreach（違背）ofcontractmittedbyoneofthepartiesisfundamentalifitresultsinsuchdetriment（損害）totheotherpartyassubstantially（充分地）todeprivehimofwhatheisentitledtoexpectunderthecontract,unlessthepartyinbreachdidnotforeseeandareasonablepersonofthesamekindinthesamecircumstanceswouldnothaveforeseensucharesult.（一方當(dāng)事人違反合同的結(jié)果，如使另一方當(dāng)事人蒙受損害，以致于??Article26??Adeclarationofavoidanceofthecontractiseffectiveonlyifmadebynoticetotheotherparty.（宣告合同無效的聲明，必須向另一方當(dāng)事人發(fā)出通知，方始有效??Article27??UnlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisPartoftheConvention,ifanynotice,requestorothermunicationisgivenormadebyapartyinaccordancewiththisPartandbymeansappropriateinthecircumstances,adelayorerrorinthetransmissionofthemunicationoritsfailuretoarrivedoesnotdeprivethatpartyoftherighttorelyonthemunication.（除非公約本部項(xiàng)通知的權(quán)利。??Article28??If,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention,onepartyisentitledtorequirep

erformanceofanyobligationbytheotherparty,acourtisnotboundtoenterajudgementforspecificperformanceunlessthecourtwoulddosounderitsownlawinrespectofsimilarcontractsofsalenotgovernedbythisConvention.其本身的法律對(duì)不屬本公約范圍的類似銷售合同愿意這樣做。??Article29??(1)Acontractmaybemodifiedorterminated（終止）bythemereagreementoftheparties.（合同只需雙方當(dāng)事人協(xié)議，就可更改或終止。??(2)Acontractinwritingwhichcontainsaprovisionrequiringanymodificationortermina

tionbyagreementtobeinwritingmaynotbeotherwisemodifiedorterminatedbyagreement.However,apartymaybeprecludedbyhisconductfromassertingsuchaprovisiontotheextentthattheotherpartyhasreliedonthatconduct.（規(guī)定任何更改或根據(jù)協(xié)議終止必須以書面做出一方當(dāng)事人寄以信賴，就不得堅(jiān)持此項(xiàng)規(guī)定。??ChapterII??ObligationsoftheSeller??Article30??Thesellermustdeliverthegoods,handoveranydocumentsrelatingtothemandtransferthepropertyinthegoods,asrequiredbythecontractandthisConvention.（賣方必須按照合同和本公約的規(guī)定，交付貨物，移交一切與貨物有關(guān)的單據(jù)并轉(zhuǎn)移貨物所有權(quán)。??SectionI.Deliveryofthegoodsandhandingoverofdocuments??Article31??Ifthesellerisnotboundtodeliverthegoodsatanyotherparticularplace,hisobligationtodeliverconsists:下：??(a)ifthecontractofsaleinvolvescarriageofthegoods-inhandingthegoodsovertothefi

rstcarrierfortransmissiontothebuyer;移交給第一承運(yùn)人，以運(yùn)交給買方；??(b)if,incasesnotwithintheprecedingsubparagraph,thecontractrelatedtospecificgo

ods,orunidentifiedgoodstobedrawnfromaspecificstockortobemanufacturedorproduced,

andatthetimeoftheconclusion（締結(jié)）

ofthecontractthepartiesknewthatthegoodswereat,orweretobemanufacturedorproduceda

t,aparticularplace-inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer’sdisposalatthatplace;（在不屬于

一特定地點(diǎn)制造或生產(chǎn)，賣方應(yīng)在該地點(diǎn)把貨物交給買方處置；??(c)inothercases-inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer’sdisposalattheplacewherethesellerhadhisplaceofbusinessatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract.在其它情況下，賣方應(yīng)在他于訂立合同時(shí)的營業(yè)地把貨物交給買方處置。??Article32??(1)Iftheseller,inaccordancewiththecontractorthisConvention,handsthegoodsovertoacarrierandifthegoodsarenotclearlyidentifiedtothecontractbymarkingsonthegoods,byshippingdocumentsorotherwise,thesellermustgivethebuyernoticeoftheconsignmentspecifyingthegoods.物的發(fā)貨通知。??(2)Ifthesellerisboundtoarrangeforcarriageofthegoods,hemustmakesuchcontractsasarenecessaryforcarriagetotheplacefixedbymeansoftransportationappropriateinthecircumstancesandaccordingtotheusualtermsforsuchtransportation.如果賣方有義務(wù)安排物運(yùn)到指定地點(diǎn)。??(3)Ifthesellerisnotboundtoeffectinsuranceinrespectofthecarriageofthegoods,hemust,atthebuyer’srequest,providehimwithallavailableinformationnecessarytoenablehimtoeffectsuchinsurance.如果賣方?jīng)]有義務(wù)對(duì)貨物的運(yùn)輸辦理保險(xiǎn)，他必須在買方提出要求時(shí)，向買方提供一切現(xiàn)有的必要資料，使他能夠辦理這種保險(xiǎn)。??Article33??Thesellermustdeliverthegoods:賣方必須按以下規(guī)定的日期交付貨物：

??(a)ifadateisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,onthatdate;如果合同規(guī)定有日

期，或從合同可以確定日期，應(yīng)在該日期交貨；??(b)ifaperiodoftimeisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,atanytimewithinthatp

eriodunlesscircumstancesindicatethatthebuyeristochooseadate;or如果合同規(guī)定有一

間內(nèi)任何時(shí)候交貨；或者??(c)inanyothercase,withinareasonabletimeaftertheconclusionofthecontract.在其它情況下，應(yīng)在訂立合同后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)交貨。??Article34??Ifthesellerisboundtohandoverdocumentsrelatingtothegoods,hemusthandthemoveratt

hetimeandplaceandintheformrequiredbythecontract.Ifthesellerhashandedoverdocumentsbeforethattime,hemay,uptothattime,cureanylackofconformityinthedocuments,iftheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.如果賣方有義務(wù)移交與貨物有關(guān)的單據(jù)，他必須按照合同所規(guī)定的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方式移合理的開支。但是，買方保留本公約所規(guī)定的要求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利。??SectionII.Conformity（一致）ofthegoodsandthirdpartyclaims??Article35Thesellermustdelivergoodswhichareofthequantity,qualityanddescriptionrequiredbythecontractandwhicharecontainedorpackagedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.賣方交裝。??(2)Exceptwherethepartieshaveagreedotherwise,thegoodsdonotconform（符合）withthecontractunlessthey:則即為與合同不符：??(a)arefitforthepurposesforwhichgoodsofthesamedescriptionwouldordinarilybeused;（貨物適用于同一規(guī)格貨物通常使用的目的；??(b)arefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedly（隱含的）

madeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethecircums

tancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorely,ontheselle

r’sskillandjudgement;貨物適用于訂立合同時(shí)曾明示或默示地通知賣方的任何特定目的，

除非情況表明買方并不依賴賣方的技能和判斷力，或者這種依賴對(duì)他是不合理的；

??(c)possess（占有）

thequalitiesofgoodswhichthesellerhasheldouttothebuyerasasampleormodel;貨物的質(zhì)

量與賣方向買方提供的貨物樣品或樣式相同；??(d)arecontainedorpackagedinthemannerusualforsuchgoodsor,wherethereisnosuchman

ner,inamanneradequatetopreserveandprotectthegoods.貨物按照同類貨物通用的方式裝

箱或包裝，如果沒有此種通用方式，則按照足以保全和保護(hù)貨物的方式裝箱或包裝。

??(3)Thesellerisnotliableundersubparagraphs(a)to(d)oftheprecedingparagraphforan

ylackofconformityofthegoodsifatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerknewo

rcouldnothavebeenunawareofsuchlackofconformity.如果買方在訂立合同時(shí)知道或者不可

??Article36??(1)ThesellerisliableinaccordancewiththecontractandthisConventionforanylackofconformitywhichexistsatthetimewhentheriskpassestothebuyer,eventhoughthelackofconformitybeesapparentonlyafterthattime.賣方應(yīng)按照合同和本公約的規(guī)定，對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)移轉(zhuǎn)到??(2)Thesellerisalsoliableforanylackofconformitywhichoccursafterthetimeindicatedintheprecedingparagraphandwhichisduetoabreachofanyofhisobligations,includingabreachofanyguaranteethatforaperiodoftimethegoodswillremainfitfortheirordinarypurposeorforsomeparticularpurposeorwillretainspecifiedqualitiesorcharacteristics.使用的目的或某種特定目的，或?qū)⒈３帜撤N特定質(zhì)量或性質(zhì)的任何保證.??Article37??Ifthesellerhasdeliveredgoodsbeforethedatefordelivery,hemay,uptothatdate,deliveranymissingpartormakeupanydeficiencyinthequantityofthegoodsdelivered,ordelivergoodsinreplacementofanynon-conforminggoodsdeliveredorremedyanylackofconformityinthegoodsdelivered,providedthattheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.如果賣方在交貨日期前交付貨物，他可以在那個(gè)求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利。??Article38??(1)Thebuyermustexaminethegoods,orcausethemtobeexamined,withinasshortaperiodasispracticableinthe??circumstances.買方必須在按情況實(shí)際可行的最短時(shí)間內(nèi)檢驗(yàn)貨物或由他人檢驗(yàn)貨物。??(2)Ifthecontractinvolvescarriageofthegoods,examinationmaybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedattheirdestination.到達(dá)目的地后進(jìn)行。??(3)Ifthegoodsareredirectedintransitorredispatchedbythebuyerwithoutareasonable

opportunityforexaminationbyhimandatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontracttheseller

kneworoughttohaveknownofthepossibilityofsuchredirectionorredispatch,examination

maybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedatthenewdestination.如果貨物在運(yùn)輸途

道這種改運(yùn)或再發(fā)運(yùn)的可能性，檢驗(yàn)可推遲到貨物到達(dá)新目的地后進(jìn)行.??Article39??(1)Thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivenoticetothesellerspecifyingthenatureofthelackofconformitywithinareasonabletimeafterhehasdiscovereditoroughttohavediscoveredit.不符合同的權(quán)利。??(2)Inanyevent,thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoe

snotgivethesellernoticethereofatthelatestwithinaperiodoftwoyearsfromthedateonwhichthegoodswereactuallyhandedovertothebuyer,unlessthistime-limitisinconsistentwithacontractualperiodofguarantee.無論如何，如果買方不在實(shí)際收到貨物之日起兩年內(nèi)定的保證期限不符。??Article40??Thesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsofarticles38and39ifthelackofconformityrelatestofactsofwhichhekneworcouldnothavebeenunawareandwhichhedidnotdisclosetothebuyer.如果貨物不符合同規(guī)定指的是賣方已知道或不可能不知道而又沒有告知買方的一些事實(shí)，則賣方無權(quán)援引第三十八條和第三十九條的規(guī)定。??Article41??Thesellermustdelivergoodswhicharefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdparty,unlessthebuyeragreedtotakethegoodssubjecttothatrightorclaim.However,ifsuchrightorclaimisbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,theseller’sobligationisgovernedbyarticle42.賣方所交付的貨物，必須是第三方不能提出任何權(quán)利或要求是以工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)或其它知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)的，賣方的義務(wù)應(yīng)依照第四十二條的規(guī)定。??Article42??(1)Thesellermustdelivergoodswhicharefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdpartybased

onindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,ofwhichatthetimeoftheconclusion

ofthecontractthesellerkneworcouldnothavebeenunaware,providedthattherightorclaim

isbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty:賣方所交付的貨物，必須是

是以工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)或其它知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)的：??(a)underthelawoftheStatewherethegoodswillberesoldorotherwiseused,ifitwascontemplatedbythepartiesatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthatthegoodswouldberesoldorotherwiseusedinthatState;or如果雙方當(dāng)事人在訂立合同時(shí)預(yù)期貨物將在某一國境內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)售或做其它使用，則根據(jù)貨物將在其境內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)售或做其它使用的國家的法律；或者??(b)inanyothercase,underthelawoftheStatewherethebuyerhashisplaceofbusiness.在任何其它情況下，根據(jù)買方營業(yè)地所在國家的法律。??(2)Theobligationofthesellerundertheprecedingparagraphdoesnotextendtocaseswhere:賣方在上一款中的義務(wù)不適用于以下情況：??(a)atthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerkneworcouldnothavebeenunawareoftherightorclaim;or買方在訂立合同時(shí)已知道或不可能不知道此項(xiàng)權(quán)利或要求；或者(b)therightorclaimresultsfromtheseller’spliancewithtechnicaldrawings,designs,formulaeorothersuchspecificationsfurnishedbythebuyer.式或其它規(guī)格。??Article43??(1)Thebuyerlosestherighttorelyontheprovisionsofarticle41orArticle42ifhedoesnotgivenoticetothesellerspecifyingthenatureoftherightorclaimofthethirdpartywithinareasonabletimeafterhehasbeeawareoroughttohavebeeawareoftherightorclaim.買方如通知賣方，就喪失援引第四十一條或第四十二條規(guī)定的權(quán)利。??(2)Thesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraphifheknewoftherightorclaimofthethirdpartyandthenatureofit.賣方如果知道第三方的權(quán)利或要求以及此一權(quán)利或要求的性質(zhì)，就無權(quán)援引上一款的規(guī)定。??Article44??Notwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofarticle39andparagraph(1)ofarticle43,thebuyermayreducethepriceinaccordancewithArticle50orclaimdamages,exceptforlossofprofit,ifhehasareasonableexcuseforhisfailuretogivetherequirednotice.盡管有備合理的理由，仍可按照第五十條規(guī)定減低價(jià)格，或要求利潤損失以外的損害賠償。??SectionIII.Remediesforbreachofcontractbytheseller??Article45??(1)IfthesellerfailstoperformanyofhisobligationsunderthecontractorthisConventi

on,thebuyermay:如果賣方不履行他在合同和本公約中的任何義務(wù)，買方可以：

??(a)exercisetherightsprovidedinarticles46to52;行使第四十六條至第五十二條所規(guī)定

的權(quán)利；??(b)claimdamagesasprovidedinarticles74to77.求損害賠償。??(2)Thebuyerisnotdeprivedofanyrighthemayhavetoclaimdamagesbyexercisinghisrighttootherremedies.的權(quán)利而喪失。??(3)Noperiodofgracemaybegrantedtothesellerbyacourtorarbitraltribunalwhenthebuyerresortstoaremedyforbreachofcontract.仲裁庭不得給予賣方寬限期。??Article46??(1)Thebuyermayrequireperformancebythesellerofhisobligationsunlessthebuyerhasresortedtoaremedywhichisinconsistentwiththisrequirement.買方可以要求賣方履行義務(wù)，除非買方已采取與此一要求相抵觸的某種補(bǔ)救辦法。??(2)Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontract,thebuyermayrequiredeliveryofsubstitutegoodsonlyifthelackofconformityconstitutesafundamentalbreachofcontractandarequestforsubstitutegoodsismadeeitherinconjunctionwithnoticegivenunderarticle39orwithinareasonabletimethereafter.條發(fā)出的通知同時(shí)提出，或者在該項(xiàng)通知發(fā)出后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)提出。??(3)Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontract,thebuyermayrequirethesellertoremedythelackofconformitybyrepair,unlessthisisunreasonablehavingregardtoallthecircumstances.Arequestforrepairmustbemadeeitherinconjunctionwithnoticegivenunderarticle39orwithinareasonabletimethereafter.必須與依照第三十九條發(fā)出的通知同時(shí)提出，或者在該項(xiàng)通知發(fā)出后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)提出。??Article47??(1)Thebuyermayfixanadditionalperiodoftimeofreasonablelengthforperformancebyth

esellerofhisobligations.買方可以規(guī)定一段合理時(shí)限的額外時(shí)間，讓賣方履行其義務(wù)。

??(2)Unlessthebuyerhasreceivednoticefromthesellerthathewillnotperformwithinthep

eriodsofixed,thebuyermaynot,duringthatperiod,resorttoanyremedyforbreachofcontra

ct.However,thebuyerisnotdeprivedtherebyofanyrighthemayhavetoclaimdamagesfordela

yinperformance.除非買方收到賣方的通知，聲稱他將不在所規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)履行義務(wù)，買方

務(wù)可能享有的要求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利。??Article48??(1)Subjecttoarticle49,thesellermay,evenafterthedatefordelivery,remedyathisownexpenseanyfailuretoperformhisobligations,ifhecandosowithoutunreasonabledelayandwithoutcausingthebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceoruncertaintyofreimbursementbythesellerofexpensesadvancedbythebuyer.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.所規(guī)定的要求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利。??(2)Ifthesellerrequeststhebuyertomakeknownwhetherhewillacceptperformanceandthebuyerdoesnotplywiththerequestwithinareasonabletime,thesellermayperformwithinthetimeindicatedinhisrequest.Thebuyermaynot,duringthatperiodoftime,resorttoanyremedywhichisinconsistentwithperformancebytheseller.如果賣方要求買方表明他是否接受指明的時(shí)間履行義務(wù)。買方不得在該段時(shí)間內(nèi)采取與賣方履行義務(wù)相抵觸的任何補(bǔ)救辦法。??(3)Anoticebythesellerthathewillperformwithinaspecifiedperiodoftimeisassumedtoincludearequest,undertheprecedingparagraph,thatthebuyermakeknownhisdecision.賣的要求在內(nèi)。??(4)Arequestornoticebythesellerunderparagraph(2)or(3)ofthisArticleisnoteffectiveunlessreceivedbythebuyer.賣方按照本條第（２）和第（３）款做出的要求或通知，必須在買方收到后，始生效力。??Article49??(1)Thebuyermaydeclarethecontractavoided:買方在以下情況下可以宣告合同無效：??(a)ifthefailurebythesellertoperformanyofhisobligationsunderthecontractorthisConventionamountstoafundamentalbreachofcontract;or賣方不履行其在合同或本公約中的任何義務(wù)，等于根本違反合同；或??(b)incaseofnon-delivery,ifthesellerdoesnotdeliverthegoodswithintheadditionalperiodoftimefixedbythebuyerinaccordancewithparagraph(1)ofarticle47ordeclaresthathewillnotdeliverwithintheperiodsofixed.如果發(fā)生不交貨的情況，賣方不在買方按照第貨物。??(2)However,incaseswherethesellerhasdeliveredthegoods,thebuyerlosestherighttod

eclarethecontractavoidedunlesshedoesso:但是，如果賣方已交付貨物，買方就喪失宣告

合同無效的權(quán)利，除非：??(a)inrespectoflatedelivery,withinareasonabletimeafterhehasbeeawarethatdeliveryhasbeenmade;對(duì)于遲延交貨，他在知道交貨后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)這樣做；??(b)inrespectofanybreachotherthanlatedelivery,withinareasonabletime:對(duì)于遲延交(i)afterhekneworoughttohaveknownofthebreach;他在已知道或理應(yīng)知道這種違反合同后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)這樣做；或(ii)aftertheexpirationofanyadditionalperiodoftimefixedbythebuyerinaccordancewithparagraph(1)ofarticle47,orafterthesellerhasdeclaredthathewillnotperformhisobligationswithinsuchanadditionalperiod;or額外時(shí)間滿期后，或在賣方聲明他將不在這一額外時(shí)間履行義務(wù)后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)這樣做；或(iii)aftertheexpirationofanyadditionalperiodoftimeindicatedbythesellerinaccordancewithparagraph(2)ofarticle48,orafterthebuyerhasdeclaredthathewillnotacceptperformance.他在賣方按照第四十八條第（２）款指明的任何額外時(shí)間滿期后，或在買方聲明他將不接受賣方履行義務(wù)后一段合理時(shí)間內(nèi)這樣做.??Article50??Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontractandwhetherornotthepricehasalreadybeenpaid,thebuyermayreducethepriceinthesameproportionasthevaluethatthegoodsactuallydeliveredhadatthetimeofthedeliverybearstothevaluethatconforminggoodswouldhavehadatthattime.However,ifthesellerremediesanyfailuretoperformhisobligationsinaccordancewitharticle37orarticle48orifthebuyerrefusestoacceptperformancebythesellerinaccordancewiththoseArticles,thebuyermaynotreducetheprice.如果貨物不符合同，不論價(jià)減低價(jià)格。??Article51??(1)Ifthesellerdeliversonlyapartofthegoodsorifonlyapartofthegoodsdeliveredisin

conformitywiththecontract,articles46to50applyinrespectofthepartwhichismissingor

whichdoesnotconform.規(guī)定，第四十六條至第五十條的規(guī)定適用于缺漏部分及不符合同規(guī)定部分的貨物。

??(2)Thebuyermaydeclarethecontractavoidedinitsentir