人教版高中英語必修五Unit 1 Great scientists單元檢測(cè)

英語人教版必修5Unit1Greatscientists單元檢測(cè)單項(xiàng)填空從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2011江蘇高考）一Areyoustillmadather?一Notreally，butIcan'tthatherremarkshurtme.denyB.refuseC.rejectD.decline（2011遼寧高考）TheexamresultswillbeonFridayafternoon.putdownB.putoffC.putupD.putaway一Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.一Ican'tagreemore.It'sgreattohavethetwo.linkedB.relatedC.connectedD.combinedYourhouseisalwayssoneat—howdoyouitwiththreechildren?manageB.serveC.adaptD.constructNomatterhowmuchmoneyyouhave,pareB.fitC.defeatD.match（2012重慶高考）We'rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecisionatthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade.（2012福建高考）Pressedfromhisparents,andthathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizingB.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized.Healwaysbringsmeaprettygifthecomestovisitme.A.bythetimeB.sometimesC.everytimeD.attimes.Thedoctorsuggestedthatthegirlinordertoloseweight.A.mustnoteatlessB.oughtnottoeatlessC.hadbetternoteatlessD.noteatless.（2012福建畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢，28）Theworldisfullofwonders,weopenoureyestoseethem.A.ifonlyB.asifC.evenifD.onlyif.（2012河北普通高考模擬）一Howdidshelosesomuchweightasexpected?一eatingless,shejoggedforseveralmileseveryday.A.InspiteofB.InadditiontoC.InsteadofD.Thanksto.（2012山東濰坊一模）Thisrestaurant,byanoldcouple,hasaninviting,homelikeatmospherethatmanyrestaurantslack.A.owningB.havingownedC.ownedD.toown.Whatdoyouthinkofthesuggestionbytheexpert?A.putforwardB.putupwithC.putoffD.putoutWeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswifethatfortheirson'sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblameB.istobeblamedC.aretobeblamedD.istoblame（2012安徽合肥第一次質(zhì)檢）Idon'tknowwhoinventediPhone,butIthinkitisusefulinvention.A.the；aB.the；theC.an；theD.an；aII.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iworkinabigcompanyandmanytimesweemployeesrunintosituationswherethereisalanguagebarrier.LastweekwhileIwas__16，oneofmycoworkerstwistedherwristwhile__17__somethingtooheavyforher.ShespeakslittleEnglishandmySpanishisbad，__18—wehaveneverhadaproblemcommunicating.Imethershortlyafterher19__.Takingalook，Iknewthatasimplefirstaid20__wasinorder.WithlittleunderstandingofwhatIwasdoing，she21thatImeanttohelp.SoshehandedmeherarmandI22__itupbeforeshelefttoseeherdoctor.TodayshecameuptomewhenIwasgettingmybreakfast.Shehuggedmewithouta23.WhenIaskedwhythewonderfulaffection，she24said“ThankyoufortakingcareofmyarmwhenIgothurt."Ihad25abouttheincident.WhenI26，Isawthatherarmwasinacast.She__27totellmethatherdoctortoldherputtingiceonherinjurywasa__28thingbutsheneverwouldhaveknowntodoit.Asshewastellingmethis，Isawhowmy__29_actofkindnesshadhadanimpactonher.Withmejusttakinga（n）30—minuteoutofmydaytohelpher，I31—afriend.ThistimeIopenedmyarmsandhuggedher.Iwasthankfultohavesucha__32—becauseyousee，thisladyhas33mebreakfastinthecanteeneverydayforthelastfouryearsandIhadneverexchanged34__greetingsandbreakfastorderswithher.Soreader，Ireachouttoyoutodayandencourageyoutopassonthe__35__.Youneverknowwhatadifferenceasimpleactofkindnessmakestoaperson.16.A.onbusinessB.atworkC.onvacationD.inpeace17.A.attackingB.rescuingC.settlingD.lifting18.A.butB.orC.becauseD.asif19.A.recoveryB.disasterC.appearanceD.injury20.A.scheduleB.experimentC.routineD.program21.A.doubtedB.wonderedC.trustedD.preferred22.A.tookB..wrappedC.packedD.rolled23.A.wordB.warningC.signD.-gift24.A.usuallyB.finallyC.exactlyD.simply25.A.remindedB.forgottenC.settledD.concerned26.A.turnedaroundB.calmeddownC.cameupD.lookeddown27.A.beganB.stoppedC.continuedD.insisted28.A.naturalB.dangerousC.goodD.useless29.A.suddenB.randomC.carelessD.selfless30.A.extraB.freeC.shortD.valuable31.A.missedB.selectedC.testedD.made32.A.positionB.momentC.powerD.choice33.A.chargedB.hostedC.servedD.heated34.A.morethanB.atleastC.manymoreD.ratherthan35.A.memoryB.kindnessC.experienceD.happinessIII.閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMichaelFaradaywasthesonofablacksmith.Therewerefourchildreninhisfamilyand，withhisfatheroftenillandunabletowork，MichaelFaradayhadtoearnhislivingfromanearlyage.Thismeantlittleornoschooling.However,thefamilybelongedtoareligiousgroup，andFaradaylearnttoreadandwriteatSundaySchool.Whenhewasonlyfourteen，F(xiàn)aradayfoundajobasabookbinder（裝訂工）.Heusedtoreadthebookshewasgiventobindandhebecameveryinterestedinthescientificbooks，particularlytheonesaboutelectricity.Hisinterestsoontookapracticalpathandhebeganconductinghisownexperiments.ThesewereverybasicbecauseFaradayhadtomakeallofhisequipmenthimself.However，hewasverycarefulandkeptaclearwrittenrecordofallhisfindings.OnedayhewasgivenanentrancetickettotheRoyalInstitutechemistrylecture，givenbyHumphryDavy.Determinedtoworkforthisgreatscientist，hesentDavyajobapplicationandincludedhislaboratoryreportsontheexperimentshehadcarriedout.In1813DavyofferedFaradayajobasoneofhislaboratoryassistants.Faradaylearntquicklyandsoonwasrecognizedasaveryableanalyticalchemist.LaterhewenttoworkattheRoyalInstitute.MichaelFaradaywas，perhaps，thegreatestpracticalscientistofthe19thcentury.Asachemist，hediscoveredthebenzene（苯），whichisnowthefocalpointofchemicalstudy.Healsoprovedtherelationshipbetweenelectricityandchemicalbonding（化學(xué)鍵合）.Asaphysicist，heinventedthedynamo，whichledtothelaterinventionoftheelectricmotor.Healsodiscoveredtheeffectofmagnetism（磁）onlightrays.WhydidFaradayattendSundaySchool?Hehadtoworkforabookbinderatweekdays.Hehopedtoreadmanyofthescientificbooksthere.Hewouldliketolearnreligiousknowledge.Hisfamilycouldn'taffordhisnormalschooleducation.Whenworkingasabookbinder，F(xiàn)araday.publishedhisgreatfindingsonelectricitymadehisownequipmentforhisexperimentsreadmanybooksbyHumphryDavygainedhisfameasapracticalscientist.InordertogetachancetoworkforDavy，F(xiàn)araday.A.boughtticketstoattendDavy'slectureB.senthisexperimentreportstoDavyC.wenttotheRoyalInstitutetovisitDavyD.offeredtodolaboratoryworkforfree.WhichofthefollowingistherightorderofFaraday'slife?a.Alaboratoryassistant.b.AstudentofSundaySchool.c.Abookbinder.d.Ananalyticalchemist.A.a-b-c-dB.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-dD.c-b-a-dB（2012山東濰坊三縣市上學(xué)期聯(lián)考）AftermovingtotheUnitedStates，immigrantgroupstryingtofitintendtochoosehigh-caloriefattyfoodsinanattempttoappearmoreAmerican，anewstudyfinds.That'sonereasonwhyimmigrantsapproachUSlevelsofobesitywithin15yearsofmovingtoAmerica.TheresearchersalsodidanexperimentthatmeasuredwhetherornotthethreatofappearingunAmericaninfluencedrespondents'foodchoices.AfterbeingquestionedabouttheirabilitytospeakEnglish,75percentofAsian-AmericansidentifiedatypicalAmericanfoodastheirfavorite.Only25percentofAsian-AmericanswhohadnotbeenaskediftheyspokeEnglishdidthesame.WhentheirAmericanidentitywascalledintoquestionduringafollow-upstudy,Asian-AmericanparticipantsalsotendedtochoosetypicalAmericandishes,suchashamburgersandcheesesandwiches.Inthatexperiment,55Asian-AmericanswereaskedtochooseamealfromalocalAsianorAmericanrestaurant.SomeparticipantsweretoldthatonlyAmericanscouldparticipateinthestudy.ThosewhochosethemoretypicalAmericanfareendedupconsuminganextra182calories,including12gramsoffatand7gramsofsaturatedfat（飽和脂肪）.“Peoplewhofeelliketheyneedtoprovetheybelongtoaculturewillchangetheirhabitsinanattempttofitin,"saidSaunaCheryan,anauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofpsychologyatUniversityofWashington.“IfimmigrantsandtheirchildrenchooseunhealthyAmericanfoodsoverhealthiertraditionalfoodsacrosstheirlives,thisprocessoffittingincouldleadtopoorerhealth,"Cheryanadded.Socialpressures,thestudyconcluded,areattheheartoftheproblem.“InAmericansocietytoday,beingAmericanisassociatedwithbeingwhite.Americans,whodon'tfitthisimageeveniftheywerebornhereandspeakEnglish,feelthatpressuretoprovethatthey'reAmerican,"saidCheryan.Theauthorwantstoshowthat.moreandmoreAsiansenjoyhigh-caloriesnacksimmigrantstendtoeathigh-caloriefoodtoappearmoreAmericanmostAmericansareattheriskofheartdiseasealltheAmericanpeoplehaveabadeatinghabitAccordingtothesurvey,.Asian-Americanscarelessabouttheirhealth25percentofAmericanslikejunkfoodchoosingfoodisrelatedtoAsian-Americans'situationimmigrantsareforcedtoeatjunkfoodTheunderlinedword“fare"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“".foodofferedasamealmoneypaidfortakingabusmoneyspentonfoodanarrangedthingtodo43.AccordingtoSaunaCheryan,.A.whatimmigrantshavedoneisridiculousB.traditionalAmericanfoodsarehealthierC.immigrantsrisktheirhealthinordertofitinD.AmericancultureaffectsimmigrantsdeeplyW.七選五閱讀理解根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doesfailurereallyexist?Ifyoubelieveyouhavefailed,thenyouhave.Ifyoubelieveyoudon'thavetheabilitytosucceed,thenyoudon't.__44Themomentyoudecidetogiveuporstopworkingtowardyourgoals,failureisborn.45Mostpeoplegivethemselvesanoutwithoutevenrealizingit.Theyarewillingtoworkhardonreachingtheirgoals,butonlyuntilthegoinggetstooroughortheirenergydiesdown.Don'tdothat！46__Neverquit,neveradmitfailure,andneverloseheart.Don'tbelieveinaclearfinishlineforgoals.It'sagoodideatosetageneraltimeline（時(shí)間表），butrememberthatsomethingwillbebeyondyourcontrol.__47Ifyoulockyourselfintoagiventimeline,youmightmakeyourselffeellikeafailure!Instead,getageneralideaofwhenyou'dlikeyourgoaltobecompleted.Thentakeitone

dayatatimeandfocusonmakingprogressinsteadofreachingthefinishlineinaslittletimeaspossible.Besurethatyoudon'tseedifficultiesasfailures.Difficultiesmeanonlyonething：it'snottimeforyourgoaltobecompletedyet.That'sit!Itdoesn'tmeanyoufailed；itdoesn'tmeanyou'reweak；itdoesn'tmeanyou'llneverachieveyourgoals.48You'vegottokeepmovingforwardandfindawayover,around,orthroughthedifficulties.Nevergiveuponyourself.Failureonlyexistsinyourownmind!That'sexactlyhowfailuremakesusfeel.Itsimplymeansyouhavenotdoneenoughyet.Youcanneversayexactlywhenyourgoalwillbereached.Makeupyourmindtomakeyourgoalhappen,nomatterwhat!Workhardtowardsyourgoal,andyouwillbelikelytogetgoodresults.V.短文改錯(cuò)增加刪除修改注意假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加刪除修改注意在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearMr.andMrs.White，I'mwritingtoyoufrommyhomeinChina.Ireturnedbackhomesafeandsound.WhenIthinkofthewonderfullytwoweeksIspendinAustralia，Ijustcan'thelpthinkingofyou.Youhasprovidedeverythingtomakemystayingheresuchahappyandluckyexperience.I'velearnedsomany，notonlyEnglishandalsoculture.Thankyouverymuch.I'llalwaysrememberthefunandlaughterwesharedeachotheraswellasyourkind.I'llgetintouchwithyouandwritetoyouoften.Pleasetakecare!Yours，WangLi".書面表達(dá)假設(shè)你是高中二年級(jí)學(xué)生李明。市政府規(guī)劃在你們學(xué)校附近建設(shè)一個(gè)自由市場(chǎng)，但這樣會(huì)破壞你們學(xué)校的教學(xué)環(huán)境。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)校給市長(zhǎng)寫一封信，勸告市政府改變規(guī)劃，不要在你們學(xué)校附近建自由市場(chǎng)。詞數(shù)：100左右。參考詞匯：推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮promoteeconomicprosperity參考答案1.提示：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。第二句句意：不生氣了，但我不否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我。deny"否認(rèn)”；refUse"拒絕”；reject“拒絕，謝絕，駁可，；decline“辭謝，謝絕”。答案：A提示：考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析oputdown"記下，放下”；putoff"推遲，延期”；putup“張貼，掛”；putaway"把收起，放好”。句意：考試結(jié)果將在星期五下午張貼。故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C提示：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。最后一句句意：把兩者結(jié)合起來太好了。link“連接，聯(lián)系”；relate"（把）聯(lián)系起來”；connect“連接，聯(lián)結(jié)”；combine"（使）聯(lián)合，（使）結(jié)合”。故選D項(xiàng)。答案：D提示：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。manage“管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)”；serve"服務(wù)，服役”；adapt"使適應(yīng)，改編”；construct“創(chuàng)立，建造句意：你家總是那么整了你是怎樣帶著三個(gè)孩子打理得那么好的？由句意可知，A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A提示：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：無論你有多少錢，它都不能與一個(gè)健康的身體相比。match意為"與相匹配”，符合語境。compare作為“比較”之意時(shí)，不能直接接名詞，通常后必須跟介詞to或with；fit"（大小、尺寸等）適合”；defeat"擊敗”。答案：D提示：根據(jù)第一句"inhalfanhour”可知，會(huì)議還沒有開始，因此決定還沒有做出，只是將要做出，故排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)；動(dòng)詞不定式表將來，符合題意。句意：半小時(shí)后我們將舉行一次會(huì)議，在會(huì)議上將要做出的決定會(huì)影響我們公司的將來。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A提示：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。由于此處的并列連詞and是連接兩個(gè)分詞短語，所以第二個(gè)空也應(yīng)該選擇非謂語動(dòng)詞。又主句的主語theboy與realize之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除表示被動(dòng)的B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)；動(dòng)詞不定式短語位于句首作狀語時(shí)，多作目的狀語，排除C項(xiàng)。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語表示原因。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A提示：考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：每次他來看我時(shí)，他總是給我?guī)б粋€(gè)漂亮的禮物。everytime相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。bythetime"到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?;sometimes=attimes，意為"有時(shí)"。答案：C提示：考查虛擬語氣。句意：醫(yī)生建議這個(gè)女孩兒不應(yīng)該為了減肥而吃得太少。suggest接賓語從句時(shí)表示"建議”，從句中應(yīng)該用"should（not）+動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬，should可以省略。答案：D提示：句意：只要我們睜開眼去觀察，世界就充滿了奇跡。ifonly"要是……就好了”；onlyif“只要”。答案：D提示：答句句意：除了吃得少，她每天慢跑幾英里。inadditionto"除了”。答案：B12.提示：考查過去分詞作定語。restaurant與own之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。答案：C提示：考查動(dòng)詞短語。putforward"提出"；putupwith"忍受"；putoff“推遲"；putout"撲滅”。答案：A提示：考查固定句式。sb.betoblameforsth."某人對(duì)某事負(fù)有責(zé)任”；另外賓語從句的主語是Jack，因此用單數(shù)形式。答案：D提示：句意：我不知道是誰發(fā)明了iPhone，但我認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)有用的發(fā)明。第一個(gè)空表示類指，用定冠詞；第二個(gè)空表示泛指，用不定冠詞。答案：AII.提示：作者上班期間，一個(gè)同事傷了手腕。onbusiness"出差”；atwork“上班”；onvacation“度假"；inpeace"在和平中"。答案：B提示：同事因?yàn)樘徇^重的東西受傷olift“舉起”；attack"進(jìn)攻”；rescue"拯救”；settle"解決”。答案：D提示：前后句子有轉(zhuǎn)折含義：盡管同事不會(huì)說英語，作者的西班牙語很差，但是她們交流沒有什么問題。答案：A提示：作者在同事受傷不久后遇到了她。injury"受傷”；recovery"恢復(fù)”；disaster"災(zāi)難”；appearance"出現(xiàn)”。答案：D提示：作者意識(shí)到有必要進(jìn)行常規(guī)的急救。routine"常規(guī)，例行的事”；schedule"時(shí)間表”；experiment"實(shí)驗(yàn)”；program"項(xiàng)目”。答案：C提示：盡管不知道作者在做什么，同事仍然相信是在幫自己。trust"相信”；doubt"懷疑”；wonder"想知道”；prefer"更喜歡”。答案：C提示：同事伸出胳膊，作者給她包扎。wrap"包裹”；pack"打包”；roll"滾動(dòng)”。答案：B提示：同事沒說一句話就擁抱了作者。答案：A提示：當(dāng)作者問她為什么這么做的時(shí)候，她只是說謝謝作者在她受傷時(shí)給予的幫助。simply"僅僅"；usually"通常"；finally"最后"；exactly"確切地"。答案：D提示：從作者的詢問可知她已經(jīng)忘記了這件事。答案：B提示：作者低頭去看同事的傷。lookdown"低頭看”；turnaround"轉(zhuǎn)身”；calmdown"平靜下來”；comeup"走上前來”。答案：D提示：根據(jù)前文可知，同事是繼續(xù)同作者說話。continue"繼續(xù)”。答案：C提示：同事說以前醫(yī)生說過在傷處敷冰塊效果好，但她不知道這么做。答案：C提示：sudden"突然的”；careless"粗心的”；selfless"無私的”；random"偶然的”。答案：B提示：對(duì)于作者來說幫助她只不過是多花了一分鐘，而結(jié)果卻因此獲得了她的友誼。extra"額外的”；free"自由的”；short"短暫的”；valuable"有價(jià)值的”。答案：A提示：根據(jù)本段末句可知過去作者和這位同事只不過是點(diǎn)頭之交，而現(xiàn)在卻彼此擁抱，成了朋友。答案：D提示：作者很感激有這樣的時(shí)刻（可以和同事交流）。position"位置，職位”；moment"時(shí)刻"；power"權(quán)利，力量"；choice"選擇"。答案：B提示：根據(jù)本段末句中的“...breakfastorderswithher.”可知這位同事在餐廳工作。serve“服務(wù)，端（上飯菜等）”；charge“收費(fèi)”；host“主辦，招待”；heat“加熱”。答案：C提示：以前作者和這位同事之間最多是打打招呼遞過去餐單而已。atleast“至少”；morethan“不僅僅是，多于"；manymore"更多"；ratherthan“而不是"。答案：A提示：從作者經(jīng)歷可知對(duì)他人的一個(gè)小小的幫助也會(huì)起到很大的作用，因此作者鼓勵(lì)人們把這種“善意”傳遞下去。kindness"好心，友好行為”；memory"記憶”；experience“經(jīng)歷”；happiness"幸?！?。答案：BIII.A提示：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知法拉第家里很窮，他沒法上學(xué)，再根據(jù)本段末句，可知法拉第只好在宗教學(xué)校上學(xué)。答案：_D提示：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Hisinterestsoontookapracticalpathandhebeganconductinghisownexperiments."可知答案。答案：B提示：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句話可知答案。答案：B提示：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每段內(nèi)容可知這些事件的先后順序。答案：CB提示：作者意圖題。本文是一篇研究報(bào)道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段第一句中的內(nèi)容可知作者意在表明移民傾向于食用高能量食物以便融入美國(guó)社會(huì)。答案：B提示：推理判斷題。從第二段的研究可知，75%的被詢問過英語能力的亞