2023屆湖南省長沙市周南梅溪湖高三第四次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

2023高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)1．考生要認(rèn)真填寫考場號(hào)和座位序號(hào)。2．試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3．考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Sometourists’visitingTian’anmenSquareduringtheholidaylefta__________oflittereverywheretheywent.A．trail B．dotC．chain D．track2．Ifyou,thespecialoneintheworld,wanttoshowyour______personality,thisT-shirtisexactlywhatyouarelookingfor.A．calm B．unique C．straight D．constant3．Thewidespreadofsuperhybridricearoundtheworld______thelivesofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplesufferingfromhungertoagreatlevel.A．hasimproved B．isimproving C．improved D．hasbeenimproving4．.Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?.Iwouldhave,butI_____sobusythen.A．hadbeen B．were C．was D．wouldbe5．Theyhaveleadingexpertsinthisfield,andthat's____they'vemadeimportantprogress.A．whereB．whyC．whetherD．who6．Thechildrenwrotemagicalstoriestogether,_____imaginaryworldsofromanticandmilitaryadventure.A．tospin B．spinningC．havingspun D．tohavespun7．.JennywassadoverthelossofthephotossheshotinCanada,_________thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A．if B．when C．a(chǎn)s D．where8．__________62%ofallluxuryconsumersalesinEuropein2015,shoppersfromtheChinesemainlandspent$7.2billionoverseasduringtheSpringFestival.A．Accountingfor B．AddingtoC．Consistingof D．Makingup9．Asoftenhappensafterlongsleeplessness,hewas________byanunreasoningpanic.A．seizedB．fascinatedC．impressedD．embarrassed10．Sinceitwasgettinglate,wedecidedtofindasmallinnto_______forthenight.A．putoff B．putout C．putaway. D．putup11．_______progressitis,youcan’tstopmovingforward.A．WhatevergreatB．HowevergreatC．NomatterhowgreatD．Howgreata12．Itisunwisetodisturbonewhoisdevotedtohiswork.Just_____.A．facethemusicB．flyoffthehandleC．eatyourwordsD．biteyourtongue13．Heinsistedwhathedid_______rightandthatanyonewhobrokelaws________．A．was;bepunished B．be;waspunishedC．was;waspunished D．be;bepunished14．Duringthe2008financialcrisis，theFrenchpresidentNicolasSarkozyagreedtoprovidemillionsofemergencyfundaidtohelpunemployment．A．release B．resemble C．relieve D．recommend15．Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitwillbesometime_________thesituationimproves.A．since B．whenC．unless D．before16．Scientistshaveintroducedanewmodelof3Dprinter,______differsfromtheexistingonesincertainaspects.A．a(chǎn)s B．which C．who D．that17．Idon’tthinkshevisitedtheexhibitionthismorning,______shewaswithmeatthattime.A．thoughB．orC．butD．for18．They_______thebusinessdealinlessthananhour,afterwhichtheyhadagolfgame.A．wrappedup B．pickedupC．calledup D．tookup19．Theshockingnewsmademerealize______terribleproblemswewouldface.A.that B．how C．what D．why20．It'sthattimeofyearagain，whenAlipay______usjusthowmuchwe'vebeenspending，andonwhat．A．reminds B．remindedC．hasreminded D．isreminding第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Istoppedtowatchmylittlegirlbusyplayinginherroom.Inonehandwasaplastic

phone

;intheotheratoy.Ilistenedasshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriendandI’llneverforgetthewordsshesaid,eventhoughitwasimagined.Shesaid,“Suzie’sinthecornerbecauseshe’snotbeenverygood.Shedidn’tlistentoa

word

Isaidordothethingssheshould.”Inthecorner

Isawherbabydollwelldressed.Itwasobviousthatshe’dbeenputtheretositaloneandthink

.Mydaughter

continued

her“conversation”,asIsatdownonthefloor.Shesaid,“I’mallfedupandIjustdon’tknowwhat

todowithheranymore.ShecrieswheneverIhavetoworkandwantstoplaygamestoo.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes,butherarmsjustcannotreach...Andshedoesn’tknowhowtofoldtowels.Idon’thavethe

time

toteach.Ihavealotofworktodoandabighousetokeepclean.Idon’thavethetimetositandplay-

don’tyouknow

whatImean?”AndthatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsome

changesinmylife,afterlisteningtoherinnocentwordscutmelikeaknife.Ihadn’tbeenpayingenoughattentiontowhatIholdmost

dear.I’dbeencaughtupinresponsibilitiesthatincreased

throughouttheyears.Butnowmy

attitude

haschangedbecauseinmyheartIrealizethatI’veseentheworldinadifferentlightthroughmylittledarling’seyes.Soletthecobwebs(蜘蛛網(wǎng))cut

thecornersandthedustbunnyrabbitrulethefloor.I’mnotgoingtoworryaboutkeepingupwiththem

anymore.I’mgoingtofillthehousewith

memories

ofachildandhermother,forwehaveonlyonechildhoodandwewillnevergetanother.1、WhoisSuzie?A．Thegirl’sphone. B．Thegirl’sfriend.C．Theauthor. D．Ababydoll.2、Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhearingherlittlegirl’swords?A．Interested. B．Uncomfortable.C．Moved. D．Unbelievable.3、Thepassageleadsustobelievethat__________.A．thelittlegirldoesn’thatehermotheranymore.B．theauthorhasbecomelazybecauseofherdaughter.C．theauthorcaresnothingaboutherdaughter’shappiness.D．theauthorwantsherlittlegirltohaveahappychildhood.4、Whatmightbethebesttitle?A．Onlyonechildhood. B．Mylovelydaughter.C．Howtodealwithmydaughter. D．Aworldofchildren.22．（8分）Acompanyhasdesignedawaterbottle,theMemobottle,whichisidealfortheofficeworker’sbag,becauseit’scompletelyflat.Withthesameshapeasapieceofpaper,theMemobottleisareusablewaterbottlethatslidesintoyourbagtolienexttobooksandlaptops.Thebottle,whichcanalsobewashedinadishwasher,isdesignedtohelpreducethenumberofplasticbottlesinlandfills（填埋）.TwocreativepeopleJesseLeeworthyandJonathanByrt,both28,designedthebottletobeconvenienttocarryandenvironmentallyfriendly.Itismadefromadurableanddishwasher-friendly“green”plastic.LeeworthyandByrt,fromAustralia,saymorethan600billionsingle-usebottlesweresoldgloballylastyear.InAmericaalone,studiesshowthataround1,500single-usewaterbottleareconsumedeverysecond—only20percentofthesearerecycled.Andthecostofbuyingmoreandmoreplasticbottlesaddsto—thepairsaythatbottledwatercostsapproximately1,400timesmorethantapwater.“We’vealwaysbeenpassionateabouttheenvironment,”saidLeeworthy.“Foryearswehavebeenfocusedoncreativedesignthatprovidesenvironmentalremedywhileimprovingsocialconvenience.TheMemobottlewasdesignedtoovercometwoproblemsthatweseeinoursociety:ourattachmenttotheoutdoors,andourinabilitytofitwaterbottlesinlaptopbags.”Thebottlewillbeavailableinthreedifferentsizes—A5whichholds750ml,A4whichholds1.25litresandlettersizewhichstores1.25litres.TheproductisseekingfundingonKickstarterandhasalreadysoared（飆升）pastitsprimarygoalofraising￡8,310($13,500),reachingitinjust36hours.JonathanByrtsaid,“Thefeedbackwe’vereceivedhasbeenoverwhelminglypositive!Theemailsofsupportandinterest,andsocialmediacommentshavebeenamazing!”TheproductisexpectedtobeonthemarketbyChristmasandwillbeavailableforglobaldelivery.1、Whatisthemaincharacterofthenewly-designedwaterbottle?A．Cleanandeasytowash.B．Practicalandfriendlytoenvironment.C．Flatandpopularwithhousewives.D．Cheapandconvenienttocarryinbags.2、Whatarethetwodesignersmostconcernedabout?A．Materialsandshape.B．Priceandproduction.C．Commentsandpopularity.D．Environmentandconvenience.3、Whatispeople’sattitudetowardsthewaterbottle?A．Opposed.B．Indifferent.C．Supportive.D．Doubtful.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Thewaytoprotectwaterresource.B．Roundwaterbottlesareoutofdate.C．Seekingfundforanidealwaterbottle.D．TwocreativeAustralianyoungdesigners.23．（8分）KhotynFortressBuiltinthe13th-14thcentury,itliesontherightbankoftheDniesterRiverinKhotyn,ofwesternUkraine.ItisalsointhehistoricalnorthernBessarabiaregionwhichwassplitin1940betweenUkraineandMoldova.AnditisneartotheOldKam’yanetsCastleofKamianets-Podilskyi,whichwasalsousedasafamousdefensivestructure.Itisconvenienttobookthehotelsnearbyitatlowprices,suchasPremierClub,ReikartzKamianets-Podilskyandsoon.Kamenets-PodolskCastleItliesintheKhmelntskyRegion,Ukraine.ThisarchitecturaltreasureisoverathousandyearsoldanditcanbefoundinthecatalogueoftheBritishNationalMuseum.Itsarchitecturewhichunitesbestwesternandeasterntraditionsfitsintothenatureperfectly.Thecastleconsistsofminaretbuildings,atownhall,anOrthodoxchurchandaPolishCatholicchurch.Itsbeautyhasbeenattractingtouristsfromallovertheworldformanyyears.VorontsovPalaceItisanhistoricpalacelyingatthefootoftheCrimeanMountainsnearthetownofAlupkainCrimea,Ukraine.ItisoneoftheoldestandlargestpalacesinCrimea,andoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsonCrimea’ssoutherncoast.Theconstructionofthepalacebeganin1830,accordingtoaprojectbyEnglisharchitectEdwardBlore(1789—1879)anditwassupposedtobethepalaceforPrinceMikhailVorontsovtospendsummer.MetropolitanPalaceItwasbuiltbetweentheyears1864-1882accordingtothedesignsoftheCzecharchitectJosefHlávka.ThePalace,whosebuildingsarenowpartofChernivtsiUniversity,Ukraine,wasdeclaredaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2011.1、WhatcanweknowaboutKhotynFortress?A．Itservedasdefencework. B．Itisopentothepublicforfree.C．ItistheoldestbuildinginUkraine. D．Itwasdividedintotwopartsin1940.2、Whichhastheshortesthistory?A．TheKamenets-PodolskCastle. B．TheKhotynFortress.C．TheVorontsovPalace. D．MetropolitanPalace.3、Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Aarchitecturebrochure.C．Aresearchpaperonhistory. D．Ageographytextbook24．（8分）EmiliaDobektracesherinterestinspaceandtheuniversebacktothirdgradewhensheandherfatherwatchedabloodmoonatotallunareclipse(月蝕)ontheroofoftheirhouse.Nowaseventh-graderatEastPrairieElementarySchool,DobekrecentlywonthenationalDiscoveryEducationLockheed-MartinBeyondChallengebydesigningaspacestationfortravellingtoMars.Shesaysthatnightwatchingthelunareclipsestartedastrongdesireinherthathasyettorunoutoffuel.SowhenherteacherAndreaSmeetonreceivedinformationaboutthenationalchallenge,Smeetonsaidsheimmediatelyhadonestudentinmind.“Iknewshewouldlovethechallengeandthatshewouldgowaybeyondinhersearch,”Smeetonsaid.“Sheimmediatelystartedresearchingbonedensity(密度)ofastronautsandhowtohavefoodonMars.”“Mydesignwillensurethesafetyoftheastronautsbutalsomakesuretheircomfortisoutofthisworld,”Dobeksays.Dobek’sdesigncallsforbuildingtheMSSorMarsStorageStationtoputthesuppliesin.ItalsoincludestheSGForSelf-CrowingFarm,andshedetailshowitwouldworkwiththeelementsonMars.ThenthereisphysicalandleisureactivityfortheastronautsunderDobek’sdesign.Asimulation(模擬裝置)allowsastronautstochoosetheirexercisemachineandvirtual(虛擬的)realityenvironment.RoomshavecircularceilingssoastronautswillbeabletowatchdownloadedshowsandevenseeplacesonEarth,suchastheirhomes.“Iwanttotellotherkidstofollowtheirpassions.”Dobeksaid.“Whatevertheywanttodotheyshouldpushforitandalwaystrytheirbest.”1、Dobekfirstbecameinterestedinspacewhen.A．shewasstillaseventh-graderB．shestudiedatajuniorhighschoolC．shelivedonthetopoftheirhouseD．shewatchedaneclipseofthemoon2、SmeetonrecommendedthatDobektakethechallengebecause.A．sheknewDobeklikedchallengesinlifeB．shehadnootherstudentsinterestedinMarsC．DobekknewhowtoresearchbonedensityofastronautsD．shewassurethatDobekwouldhaveoutstandingperformance3、WhatdoesDobekfocusonwhendesigningthespacestation?A．TheenvironmentonMars.B．Thesafetyofthesupplies.C．Theactivitiesforastronauts.D．Thecomfortoftheastronauts.25．（10分）LUKLA,Nepal(Xinhua)–Qomolangma,knownasMountEverestintheWest,oncenegativelyrecognizedasthe“world’shighestjunkyard”,issettobecomecleaneras30,000porters（搬運(yùn)工）havebeenmobilized（動(dòng)員）forwastecollectionanddisposalfromthemountain’ssouthernside.ThecleanupdrivewaslaunchedrecentlynearLuklaairport,oneoftheworld’smostdangerousairportsyetavitalgatewaytotheworld’shighestpeak.“OurmajortaskistokeepEverest,whichistheprideoftheworld,clean.Thiscampaignaimstotransport100tonsofnonburnablegarbagefromtheEverestregiontoKathmanduin2018,”AngDorjeSherpa,chairmanoftheSagarmathaPollutionControlCommitteesaid.TheSPCC,anenvironmentalconversationorganization,hasmadeitmandatory（強(qiáng)制性）since2013thateveryclimbershouldcarrydown8kilogramsoftrash,butfortrekkers（旅行者）thereisnosuchregulation.Duetothis,morethan100tonsofwastegetscollectedintheregionannually.AccordingtoNepalesegovernmentstatistics,nearly50,000domesticandforeigntrekkersvisittheQomolangmaregionannually,whilemorethan400mountaineersattempttoscalethepeak.Thecollectedwastemostlyincludesemptybeerbottlesandcans,oxygenbottles,torntentsandsleepingbags,foodbins,anddiscardedmountaineeringandtrekkingequipment.Thetrashwascollectedbylocalgroupsinmorethanadozenvillageswhilethewastewastransporteddownthemountaininsacks（麻布袋）byportersandyak-hybridanimalsaszopkyos.Thecleanupcoveredsettlementsfromupto5,000metersnearthebasecamp,toLuklaairportlocatedatanaltitudeof2,805meters.Onthefirstdayofthecampaign,severaltonsofwastewassentofftoKathmandofromLulkaonplanesbelongingtoTaraAirlines,oneoftheleadingprivateairlinesinNepal.Theairlineshavesetanambitioustargetofflyingout100tonsofwastefromtheregionin2018,asapartofitscommitmenttotheUNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsagainstclimatechange.Thecompany’sCEOUmeshChandraRaisaid:“Wehopethatthiscampaignwillhelpthelocalpeopletomaintainapristine（原始的）,naturalandunspoiledenvironmentsothatmoretrekkerswillcomefromeverywhere,makingthetrekkingindustryheremoresustainable.”1、What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicsituationofMountEverest.B．Theintroductionoftheclean-upcampaign.C．Theuniquewaytopreventenvironmentpollution.D．Thedescriptionofthemostdangerousairportintheword.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A．Theruleforvisitorsmadebythelocaltravelagencies.B．Theclean-upcampaignlaunchedbyAngDorjeSherpa.C．ThedemandfortheclimbersmadebytheSPCCsince2013.D．ThelawforthelocalpeoplemadebytheNepalesegovernment.3、Howdoestheauthorindicatethattheclean-upcampaignisverytough?A．Bylistingfigures.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bygivingsomeexamples.D．Byanalyzingsomecauses.4、What’sUmeshChandraRai’sattitudetowardstheclean-upcampaign?A．Doubtful.B．Curious.C．Enthusiastic.D．Unfavorable.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）完形填空(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—15小題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。“Theimportantthingisnottostopquestioning.Curiosityhasitsownreasonforexisting.”—AlbertEinsteinIt’snosecretthatcuriositymakeslearningmoreeffectiveand1Curiousstudentsnotonlyaskquestions,butalso2seekouttheanswers.Without3,SirIsaacNewtonwouldhaveneverputforwardthelawsofphysics,AlexanderFlemingprobablywouldn’thave4penicillin(青霉素)，andMarieCurie’spioneeringresearchonradioactivitymaynotexist.Curiosityisjustas5asintelligenceindetermininghowwellstudentsdoinschool.Curiosity6thebrainforlearning.Asweallknown,we’remorelikelyto7whatwe’velearnedwhenthesubjectmatterinterestsus.Actually,curiosityalsohelpsuslearninformationwedon’tconsider8orimportant.Soifateacherisableto9students’curiosity,they’llbebetterpreparedtolearnthingsthattheywouldnormallyconsiderboringordifficult.Forinstance,ifastudentstruggleswith10,personalizingmathproblemtomatchtheirspecificinterestcouldhelpthem11rememberhowtogoaboutsolvingsimilarmathproblemsinthefuture.However,scientiststhinkthattherearestillafewthingsthatremain12aboutcuriosity’sroleinlearning.Foronething,scientistshaveyettodetermineitslong-termeffects.Forinstance,ifastudent’scuriosityisarousedatthe13ofaschoolday,willithelpthembetterabsorbinformationalldaylong?Anotherthingthe14arekeentoinvestigateiswhysomepeoplearemore15curiousthanothers,andwhichfactorsmostinfluencehowcuriousweare.1、A．enjoyableB．impossibleC．difficultD．a(chǎn)voidable2、A．lazilyB．a(chǎn)ctivelyC．dependentlyD．negatively3、A．energyB．curiosityC．technologyD．secret4、A．inventedB．discoveredC．heardD．learned5、A．importantB．easyC．sensitiveD．heavy6、A．blamesB．searchesC．begsD．prepares7、A．rememberB．dislikeC．forgiveD．a(chǎn)bandon8、A．interestingB．boringC．friendlyD．a(chǎn)wful9、A．a(chǎn)rouseB．removeC．recordD．miss10、A．physicsB．chemistryC．mathD．biology11、A．betterB．lessC．louderD．harder12、A．distinctB．unclearC．certainD．confident13、A．beginningB．endC．a(chǎn)geD．time14、A．teachersB．studentsC．researchersD．police15、A．immediatelyB．indifferentlyC．naturallyD．seriously第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Obesityisagrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.Sleepmightbeoneanswer1．theproblem.Anewstudy2．(find)thatelementaryschoolstudentswhosleeplittlearemorelikelytogainpounds.Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessandweighingmore,butscientistshavehaddifficulty3．(determine)“4．camefirst,thechickenortheegg?”saysJulieLumengoftheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Inotherwords,ithasn’tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,5．whethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenariosseemed6．(equal)possible.Togeta7．(good)understandingofwhichcauseswhich,Lumengandhercolleaguesinterviewedtheparentsof785thirdgradersfromaroundtheStates.TheparentsansweredquestionsdesignedbyLumengandherteamabouthowwelltheirkids8．(sleep)thatyear.Theyhadnosoonerfinishedthesurveybyaskingtheparentsthesamequestionsthreeyearslater9．theyfoundthat18percentofkids10．(involve)inthestudywereobese.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(/\)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。OnJanuary5th,studentsinourschoolvisitedRobotWorld,whichwesawagreatdiversityofrobot、Itwasamazedtofindthoserobotscoulddoagreatnumberofthingsjustlikerealpeople,includingplayingchess,playingpianoanddrawingpictures、What’smore,therobotswereindifferentkindsandshapes,whichmadeusenjoyable、Inaddition,thatexcitedmemostwastheshowgivenbyagroupofrobots、Theydancedjustasiftheyaredancersonthestage、ByvisitingRobotWorld,Ihavelearnedalotofaboutrobots,especialabouttheirfunctionsandshapes、ThegreathumanwisdomisS0powerfulthatitmakeusfeelmorecomfortableliveintheworld、第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李華，最近在網(wǎng)上看到一則國際學(xué)校的暑期課程廣告，你有意參加。請你根據(jù)所給提示（箭頭所指內(nèi)容），用英語給相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人寫一封電子郵件，詢問有關(guān)情況。SummerSchoolCourses:AccountingandFinance;Economics;EngineeringDates:Session(上課時(shí)間)1:7July—25JulySession2:28July—15AugustRate:StandardRate:Onesession:$1,400;Bothsessions:$2,400ReducedStudentRate:Onesession:$1,100;Boths