2023屆吉林省白山市高三一模英語試題

/22/22/2022～2023學年白山市高三一模聯(lián)考試卷英語注意事項：1.答題前,考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.2.OnwhichdaydoesthewomanwanttoleaveforNewYork?A.25th.B.26th.C.28th.3.Whydidn’tTomgotothedepartmentstoresyesterday?A.Hisbrothergotsick.B.Hewenttothepark.C.Hehadanappointmentwithafriend.4.Whereisprobablytheman’sdognow?A.Inthegarden.B.Inthepark.C.Inhishouse.5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.FindajobB.Sellherfurniture.C.Rentafurnishedapartment.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段對話,回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisjob?A.Heisnotsatisfiedwithhissalary.B.Hiscoworkersaren’tkindtohim.C.Theenvironmentisn’tagreeable.7.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Findhimanewjob.B.Lendhimsomemoney.C.Helphimapplyforaloan.聽第7段對話,回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thewoman’spoorhealth.B.Thecleaningofthefloor.C.Theprizeforagoodjob.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.10.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoomba?A.Ithelpsthemanwithhiswork.B.Itcoststhewomannearly$400.C.Itfreesusersofheavyhousework.聽第8段對話,回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthewomanprefertobuyanelectriccar?A.Itslowprice.B.Environmentalprotection.C.Itspowerfulengine.12.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Supportive.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkthistownneedstodo?A.Broadentheroads.B.Limitthenumberofcars.C.Improvepublictransport.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Attendingawedding.B.Havingaparty.C.Holdingameeting.15.HowmanytimesdidMr.GreencometoChinainthepast?A.None.B.Once.C.Twice.16.Whichofthefactoriesaren’tmentionedintheconversation?A.Thesteelandironworks.B.Theclothfactory.C.Themedicinefactory.17.WhenisthemangoingbacktoNewYork?A.Thisday.B.Thedayaftertomorrow.C.Tomorrow.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whatcanthestudentsbringwiththemduringthecourse?A.Businessvideos.B.Notebookcomputers.C.Mobilephones.19.WhereistheBusinessStudiesDepartment?A.Nexttothestaffcarpark.B.OntheleftsideoftheScienceCenter.C.Besidethemainentranceofthecollege.20.Whatlanguageclassesareprovidedthissummer?A.JapaneseandGerman.B.FrenchandChinese.C.ItalianandSpanish.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyou’retakingthetraininSwitzerland,yourfirststopshouldbetheSwissFederalRailways(SBB)website.Exceptforafewscenicroutes,SBBrunsalltheregional,commutertrains,andhigh-speedtrainsinthecountry.Kinds●R,RE,andIRareregionaltrainsthatareslower,cheaper,andstopatallormoststationsbetweentwomajorcenters.●ICorICN(theNisfor“night”)arefasttrainsthatconnectmajorcitiesbutdonotstopatsmallertownsalongtheway.●SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.ServiceTheSBBwebsitesellsone-wayorround-tripticketsbetweenSwisscitiesandothercitiesinEurope.TheyalsosellCityTickets,includingthetraintothatcity,publictransportationinthetown,andatravelpassthattypicallyallowsaccesstoseveraltouristicsites.WaysofbuyingticketsTopurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.Youcanselectthetrainthatworksbestforyou.Onceyou’veselectedyourroute,enteryourpassengerinformation.You’llhavetheoptiontopurchaseaCityTicket.Completeyourpurchasewithacreditcard.Youwillbeissuedavoucher(票券).TipsChildrenbelow16yearsofagetravelfree.ButyoumustpickupaSwissFamilyCardbeforetraveling.Fortravelerswithdisabilities,select“Barrier-freetravel”fromthepull-downmenulabeled“Standardview”toseeonlytrainsthathavewheelchair-accessiblecarriages.Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you’llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.1.WhichofthefollowingisthefeatureofS-Bahntrains?A.Theyrunfrequently. B.Theyarecheapandslow.C.TheystopatallcitiesinEurope. D.Theyonlyconnectmajorcities.2.Whatshouldyoudofirstwhenbuyingaticket?A.Insertyourcreditcard. B.Inputyourcoins.C.Inputyourdestination. D.Chooseyourpreferredtrain.3.Howcanyoubookaseat?A.BycallingSBBofficetobooktickets. B.BybuyingticketsattheSBBcounter.C.BybookingticketsatSBBwebsite. D.Bypayingsomeextramoney.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了瑞士聯(lián)邦鐵路網(wǎng)站的相關(guān)信息，包括火車的種類、提供的服務、買票方式和小貼士?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kinds下第三個黑點“SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.(S或S-Bahn列車是連接城市和郊區(qū)的頻繁通勤列車。如果你錯過了S火車，通常不久就會有另一列火車。)”可知，S-Bahn列車是頻繁通勤列車，錯過一輛，下一輛也會很快到達。所以S-Bahn列車的特點就是運行頻繁。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Waysofbuyingtickets下“Topurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.(要購買火車票或研究行程選項，請先輸入您的點對點目的地和首選旅行時間。)”可知，當買火車票的時候，首先要輸入目的地。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you’llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.(您的火車票不會顯示座位預訂。如果您在火車站的SBB柜臺或辦公室買票，您可以選擇提前預訂座位。)”可知，在火車站的SBB柜臺或辦公室買票才可以提前預定座位。題干中的book和原文中的reserve是同義替換，都表示“預訂”。故選B。BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcyclingenthusiast,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutagoodfriend’s12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywaspedalingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonobtainedfromhisfriend’sreaction.“Toseehissoninteractingwithotherkids,”McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithchildren’sclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandhelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthespecialchild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.Thebikesareexpensive—$3,000to$4,000,andthat’swiththefoundation’ssteepproducer’sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they’realifechanger.“Weworkedwitha14-year-oldgirlwhohasspinabifida(脊柱裂),”saysMcLindon.“ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat’sjustastart.“Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,”McLindonsays.“ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo.”4.WhichofthefollowingledMcLindontostartthefoundation?A.Hisenthusiasmforcycling.B.Thejoyabikebroughttoakid.C.Theproposalfromhisgoodfriend.D.Hisson’ssufferingfromabraindisease.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesfromthetext?A.Theylackfundsupport.B.Theyhavesafetyissues.C.Theyareverycheapandaffordable.D.Theyaredesignedfordisabledkids.6.Whatchangedidthebikebringtothe14-year-oldgirl?A.Sherecoveredphysically.B.ShestoppedwatchingTV.C.Herathleticpotentialwasdeveloped.D.Herdesiretogivewasstimulated.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abikeseller. B.Life-alteringcycles.C.Mentally-disabledkids. D.Aninteractiveplatform.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了自行車愛好者安德魯·麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.(這個男孩從未體驗過騎自行車的樂趣，因為他患有腦積水，腦積水經(jīng)常導致平衡障礙。)”以及第二段中“McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”(麥克林登說:“我永遠不會忘記那個男孩臉上的笑容?！?”以及第三段中“ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.(他的微笑促成了麥克林登家族基金會的成立。)”可知，麥克林登看到那些從未體驗過騎自行車樂趣的孩子們騎上了自行車，孩子們臉上的笑容促使他成立基金會。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithpediatricrehab(小兒科康復)clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebike—andtohelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.(在捐款的資助下，該組織與兒科康復診所合作，尋找能夠從擁有一輛自適應自行車中受益的兒童，并幫助根據(jù)兒童的特殊需要設計每輛自行車。自行車可能包括頭枕、肩帶、安全帶，以及背部護理人員的轉(zhuǎn)向和制動機構(gòu))”可知，這種自行車是為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作的適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，即它們是為殘疾兒童設計的。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”(“她大部分時間都窩在沙發(fā)上看電視。在她得到自行車后不久，她就開始接受專業(yè)運動訓練。在一次雜志采訪中，她說，‘我一直都知道自己有運動員的潛質(zhì)?！?”可知，自行車讓這個14歲的女孩知道自己有運動員的潛質(zhì)，即她的運動潛力得到了開發(fā)。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了自行車愛好者安德魯·麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，從而改變了他們的生活。故B選項“Life-alteringcycles.(改變一生的自行車。)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B。CTheuniverseisincrediblyvast.Thediameter(直徑)oftheobservableuniverseisestimatedtobeabout93billionlightyearsacross.Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistancethoughtherearesomeobjectswecanseethataremuchfurtheraway.ThefarthestobjectwecanseewithoureyesisAndromedaGalaxy(仙女座星系)located2.5millionlightyearsaway,andyetitisonlyvisibleifthereislittlelightpollution.Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.JWSTisnowthemostpowerfultelescopeeverbuilt,anditisabletoseetheuniverseasitwasonly200millionyearsaftertheBigBang.ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.ThefarthestphysicaldistancewecanseeistheCosmicMicrowaveBackgroundRadiation(CMBR).CMBRcanbethoughtofastheecho(回聲)oftheBigBangasitistheleftoverradiationfromthebirthoftheuniverse.TheCMBRitselfisthefarthestpossibledistancehumanscanseeasitrepresentsthemomentthattheuniversebecametransparenttolight.AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace.CMBRformedonly380,000yearsaftertheBigBang,andsoweareseeingtheuniversepriortotheformationofeventhefirststars.8.WhydoestheauthormentionAndromedaGalaxy?A.B.C.Topresenttheoriginoftheuniverse.D.Tostresstheseverityofspacepollution.E.Toshowthelimitedrangeofhumanvision.F.Toprovehumans'wonderfulviewofspace.9.WhatdoweknowaboutJWST?A.Itwaslaunchedin2022.B.ItismoreadvancedthanHST.CItcansee300millionyearsaftertheBigBang.D.Itwasusedtostudytheformationofthefirstgalaxies.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dense"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Distant. B.Rare.C.Tiny. D.Thick.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowFarCanHumansSeeInSpace? B.HowWillJWSTBeApplied?C.HowWillHumansExploreSpace? D.HowFarCanJWSTSee?【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。講述了我們用肉眼觀察到的宇宙范圍十分有限，但是在太空望遠鏡的幫助下可以看到大爆炸后形成的第一批星系?！?題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistance.(僅憑我們的眼睛，我們通常只能看到幾千光年的距離。)”以及“Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(為了看得更遠的太空，我們必須依靠望遠鏡。使用最強大的望遠鏡，我們能看到多遠?)”可知，作者提到仙女座星系是想表達肉眼可見范圍十分有限，故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.(在2021年詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡（JWST）發(fā)射之前，哈勃太空望遠鏡（HST）一直是太空最遠可見距離的紀錄保持者。)”及“ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.(這意味著與HST相比，JWST能夠再拼湊3億年的普世歷史。)”可知，JWST(詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡)比HST(哈勃太空望遠鏡)更先進可以觀測到更遠的范圍，故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace(雖然光在宇宙微波背景輻射之前就已經(jīng)存在，但氣體和塵埃的密度太大，光無法穿過空間。)”以及結(jié)合光無法穿過空間可知，是因為氣體和塵埃的原因，光無法穿過的可能性是氣體和塵埃密度太大，故選D?！?1題詳解】標題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(使用最強大的望遠鏡，我們能看到多遠)”及各段大意，文章第一段主要講述了肉眼可見最遠距離，第二段講述了新的詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡的優(yōu)勢，第三段講述了我們能看到的最遠物理距離?？芍?，文章主要講述了人類可觀測到的最遠距離，故選A。DInmanycasualdiscussionoflanguageontheInternet,it’scommontohearabouthow“textspeak(短信語言)”isruininglanguage.Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.Ofcourse,languagedoeschangewhenit’susedtotextorwritemessagesonline.“Textspeak”isanevolutionoflanguage.It’seventhefocusofthefieldoflinguistics(語言學)calledComputer-MediatedCommunication(CMC).Thisfieldisdevotedtothestudyofinteractionfacilitatedbytechnologylikecomputers,mobilephonesandtablets.Peoplehavebeencomplainingaboutlanguagebeing“ruined”aslongasthey’vebeenwritingandspeaking.Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!Today,peopleareabletocommunicaterapidlyusingawidevarietyoftoolsandtechnologies.Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符號),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.Theemoticon“:)”,forexample,isavisualrepresentationofasmileyfaceturnedsideways.Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranynumberoffacialexpressions,itdoesn’treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it’sintendedtoexpressafeeling,suchas“I’mhappy”or“justjoking”.Emoticonsthatrepresentthesefeelingsarewhatlinguistscalldiscourseparticles.Thesearelittlepiecesoflanguagethatofferinformationaboutthetoneofthestatementthoughsomeeldersfeelpuzzledaboutit.Farfromruininglanguage,itturnsoutthat“textspeak”enablespeopletocommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,streamlinedmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.12.Whathavemainstreammediacomplainedaboutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Communicationbarriers. B.Themodeofcommunication.C.Technologicalinnovations. D.Thelazinessofmodernpeople.13.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheargumentonlanguageevolution?A.Bygivinganexample. B.Byconductinganexperiment.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byunderlyingassumptions.14.Whichwordcanbestdescribeemoticons?A.Misty. B.Violent. C.Vivid. D.Mysterious.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“textspeak”?A.Approving. B.Tolerant. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章通過對比人們對于短信語言的使用的不同態(tài)度，進而提出自己的觀點：這種變化非常適合現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的世界?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.”（主流媒體抱怨人們使用科技進行交流的方式。）可知，主流媒體抱怨的是人們的溝通方式。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!”（在一次談話中，語言學家約翰·麥克沃特分享了人們抱怨語言隨著時代變化的故事。他舉例說，在公元63年，一位羅馬學者抱怨學生用“人工語言”寫作。事實上，這種文字是一種新的語言，將成為法語?。┛芍?，此處使用了舉例子的方式證明了語言的進化。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符號),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.”（也許沒有哪種語言的發(fā)展能比流行的表情符號更好地表明我們交流方式的變化，這種表情符號可以在我們的腦海中形成非常清晰的圖像。）可知，表情符號是生動的。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.”（這種變化非常適合現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的世界。）可知，作者對于使用表情符號等類似的短信語言的態(tài)度是贊同的。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theprocessbywhichrichlandbecomesdesertiscalleddesertification(沙漠化).___16___TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica’slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.Africa’sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8000-kilometer-longforestacross11ofthecontinent’scountries.TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.___17___Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.___18___Launchedin2007,theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.___19___Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.___20___Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.Forexample,effortsinEritreaandSudanhaveresultedinnearly140,000hectaresofnewlyplantedforest.TheU.N.desertificationagencysaystheprojectwillneedtoplantanaverageof8.2millionhectaresyearlytoreachitsgoalof100millionhectaresby2030.A.Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.B.Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram’sgoal.C.However,itisdifficulttocarryouttheproject.D.Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.E.TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.F.Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.G.Somecountrieshavestruggledtokeepupwiththedemandsoftheproject.【答案】16.A17.D18.B19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了非洲綠色長城項目的進展情況?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica’slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.(聯(lián)合國表示，非洲多達45%的土地受到荒漠化的影響，比其他任何大陸都嚴重。)”可知，該空是介紹沙漠化對環(huán)境的影響，A項“Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.(它對環(huán)境有嚴重影響。)”中的impacts為解題的關(guān)鍵信息，所講述的內(nèi)容與下文一致。故選A項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.(它們包括有限的政治支持，缺乏資金，組織結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱以及對環(huán)境的考慮不足。)”列舉了各種問題，與D項“Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.(但該項目一直面臨許多問題。)”呼應。故選D項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格位于段尾可知，此處應該是對該段的總結(jié)，上文“Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.(自15年前綠色長城工程開始以來，只有400萬公頃的土地變成了森林。)”講述的是自15年前綠色長城工程開始以來的取得的成績，B項“Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram’sgoal.(這只是該計劃目標的4%。)”中的that指代的內(nèi)容與上文內(nèi)容相符合。故選B項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.(它還可以降低該地區(qū)與氣候相關(guān)的遷移水平，并從空氣中捕獲數(shù)億噸二氧化碳。)”可知，該空所填內(nèi)容是對項目好處的表述，E項“TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.”講述的該項目產(chǎn)生的影響，符合語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.(他們說，近年來非洲大陸東部取得了一些進展。)”可知，此空所填內(nèi)容中必須包含名詞復數(shù)與該句中的代詞they指代內(nèi)容一致，F(xiàn)項“Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.(盡管存在許多問題，但參與該項目的人仍然充滿希望。)”中的those指代內(nèi)容與they一致，結(jié)合上下文語意理解，可以判斷F項符合語境。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwasyoung,myfamilyhadtroublewithmoney.Myparentsworkedatarestaurant,andIoftenhelpedthem.Oneday,anewcomerorderedameal,buthadnomoneyonhim.Heaskedifhecouldpayanothertime,andaskedmewhatmy___21___was.AlthoughIfeltalittlestrange,Iagreedandtoldhimtocallme“Angela”.Afterthat,the___22___manwasnowheretobeseen.I___23___everywhereandevenaskedeveryoneattherestaurantiftheyhadseenhim.MymomsaidIhadbeensitting___24___,talkingtomyself,“WherecanIfindhim?”Sometimes,shecouldn’thelpshouting,“Areyououtofyour___25___?Therewasnoonearoundyou.”Thatnight,mymomwas___26___.Shetoldmethatmygrandmahadpassedawayandthattherentonourapartmenthadgoneup.Chokingup,shesaid,“Idon’tknowhowto___27___thefuneralexpensesandthehighrent.”I___28___herIwouldhelppickuptheoddsandends.ThenIwenttocheckourmailbox,butIfoundnothing.Mymomtoldmetocheckthemailboxagain.I___29___initandpulledouttwohugeenvelopes.Sheopenedone,onlytofindthebig___30___forourapartment.Shethenwalkedintoherroom,sayingshewasafraidto___31___theother.Ilookedatitandsawthis:DearAngela,Love,YourFriend.Itoreitopenandemptiedthe___32___ontothebed.Thereweresomechecks,all___33___tome.Later,Ilearnedmystrange___34___fromtherestaurantsentit.___35___thevaluablechecks,wegotthroughthedifficulttime.21.A.wish B.number C.duty D.name22.A.ugly B.familiar C.odd D.mad23.A.searched B.hesitated C.begged D.wandered24.A.patiently B.calmly C.asleep D.alone25.A.wages B.senses C.life D.way26.A.whispering B.weeping C.waiting D.chatting27.A.predict B.present C.afford D.announce28.A.assured B.stroke C.forgave D.annoyed29.A.cut B.poured C.broke D.reached30.A.lock B.bill C.ownership D.description31A.make B.shut C.believe D.handle32.A.contents B.coins C.packs D.clothes33.A.restored B.known C.addressed D.acknowledged34.A.staff B.manager C.customer D.relative35.A.Onaccountof B.Apartfrom C.Insteadof D.Inspiteof【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.B26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.A33.C34.C35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。作者小時候，家里的經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)，父母在一家飯店打工，作者經(jīng)常幫父母。一次一位顧客定了餐，卻沒有錢付。他問作者的名字并答應下次會付錢。此時，作者家里正面對危機：奶奶去世的葬禮費和房租的上漲，媽媽為此愁眉苦臉。在作者查看他們家的郵箱時，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩封信，其中一封里裝著那位顧客寄給作者的錢。正是這些錢幫助作者一家渡過了難關(guān)。21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他問我能不能下次再付，還問我叫什么名字。A.wish愿望；B.number數(shù)字；C.duty職責；D.name名字。根據(jù)下文“Iagreedandtoldhimtocallme“Angela””可知，他問我的名字。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，那個奇怪的人就不見了。A.ugly丑陋的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.odd奇怪的；D.mad瘋狂的。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltalittlestrange”可知，這個人很奇怪。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我到處找，甚至問餐廳里的每個人有沒有見過他。A.searched搜索；B.hesitated猶豫；C.begged祈求；乞討；D.wandered徘徊。根據(jù)下文“WherecanIfindhim?”可知，此處指我到處尋找。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽說我一直一個人坐著，自言自語，“我在哪兒能找到他?”A.patiently耐心地；B.calmly冷靜地；C.asleep睡著的；D.alone獨自地。根據(jù)下文“Therewasnoonearoundyou.”可知，此處指我一個人坐著。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，她會忍不住大叫:“你瘋了嗎？你身邊沒有人”。A.wages工資；B.senses感覺；C.life生活；D.way方式。根據(jù)下文“Therewasnoonearoundyou.”可知，作者旁邊沒有人，但媽媽聽作者自言自語，所以媽媽認為作者是失去理智了。outofsense“失去理智”，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，媽媽在哭。A.whispering低語；B.weeping哭泣；C.waiting等待；D.chatting聊天。根據(jù)下文“Shetoldmethatmygrandmahadpassedaway”可知，奶奶去世了，所以此處指媽媽傷心地哭。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她哽咽著說:“我不知道如何支付葬禮費用和高昂的房租?！盇.predict預測；B.present呈現(xiàn)；介紹；C.afford支付得起；D.announce宣布。根據(jù)下文“thefuneralexpensesandthehighrent”可知，這里指支付葬禮費用和高的房租。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我向她保證我會幫她收拾殘局。A.assured保證；擔保；B.stroke打擊；罷工；C.forgave原諒；D.annoyed惹惱。結(jié)合上文“Chokingup,shesaid,“Idon’tknowhowto7thefuneralexpensesandthehighrent.””下文“Iwouldhelppickuptheoddsandends”可知，在媽媽對我們糟糕的處境難過時，我安慰她并向她保證說自己會幫忙。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手伸進去，拿出兩個大信封。此處考查介詞和動詞的搭配。A.cutin打斷（談話）；B.pouredin大量涌入；C.brokein打斷；闖入；D.reachedin到達；根據(jù)上文“Mymomtoldmetocheckthemailboxagain”及下文“initandpulledouttwohugeenvelopes”可知，此處指我按照媽媽的要求到郵箱查看。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開了一個信封，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)我們公寓的大賬單。A.lock鎖；B.bill賬單；C.ownership所有權(quán)；D.description描述。根據(jù)上文“therentonourapartmenthadgoneup”可知，這里指信封里裝著房租的費用的單子。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她走進她的房間，說她不敢處理另一個。A.make制作；B.shut關(guān)閉；C.believe相信；D.handle處理；解決。結(jié)合上文“Sheopenedone”可知，這里指媽媽害怕打開另一個信封，即解決信這個難題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把它撕開，把里面的東西倒在床上。A.contents內(nèi)容；內(nèi)件；B.coins硬幣；C.packs包裹；D.clothes衣服。根據(jù)上文“Itoreitopenandemptied”可知，我撕開信封后應該是把信封里的東西都放在床上，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一些支票，都是寄給我的。A.restored修復；B.known知道；C.addressed寫（收信人）姓名地址；D.acknowledged承認。結(jié)合上文“Iagreedandtoldhimtocallme“Angela””及下文“tome”可知，這些支票上寫的都是我的名字。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我得知這是我的那位陌生顧客寄來的。A.staff全體工作人員；B.manager經(jīng)理；C.customer顧客；D.relative親戚。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,anewcomerorderedameal,buthadnomoneyonhim.Heaskedifhecouldpayanothertime”可知，這是那位之前答應付錢的顧客寄來的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：由于那些有價值的支票，我們度過了困難時期。A.Onaccountof因為；由于；B.Apartfrom除……之外；C.Insteadof代替；而不是；D.Inspiteof盡管。根據(jù)下文“thevaluablechecks,wegotthroughthedifficulttime”可知，那些支票幫我們度過了困難時期，所以此處表示原因。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HuangYifan,astudentfromShandongProvince,___36___(like)observingantsandhasdiscoveredmanyfunnysecretsbehindtheirbehaviors,helpinghimwinthegoldmedalintheS.-T.YauHighSchoolScienceAward,whichisaimedtoinspirescientificinnovationsforChinesehighschoolstudentsallovertheworld.SincelastAugust,Huang___37___(commit)tothecompetition.He’vefoundthat___38___antsliveundergroundforalongtime,theycouldstil