-高中英語Unit1Culturalrelics單元練習(xí)含解析新人教版必修

PAGEPAGE9單元素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)(一)Unit1Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Fromthesmellitwasevident(evidence)thatthedrainshadbeenblockedforseveraldays.2.InXi’an,Imetacollegestudent,whohadastrongloveforculturalrelics.3.Hewasamazed(amaze)atwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.4.Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonlinetosavetheirvaluable(value)time.5.Thetouristslostalltheirbelongings(belong)inthehotelfire.6.Wetakepityonthesechildren,whoseparentsdiedintheearthquake.7.Aswehadexpected,theboyfinallywonthefirstprize.8.ThedoctorstoldmywifeIhadafifty-fiftychanceofsurvival(survive).9.TheFlowerWorldwhichopenedrecentlyiswellworthvisiting(visit).10.Hisbestmovie,whichwonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGrandhi.Ⅱ.選詞填空insearchof,belongto,inreturn,atwar,lessthan,bedesignedfor,takeapart,thinkhighlyof,ratherthan,theentranceto1.IwillsparenoefforttohelpyoulearnChinesecharactersinreturnforyourkindness.

2.Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighborfortwoyears.

3.Ithinkthevictoryandhonorbelongtobothofus.

4.Thelargebottleonceisdesignedforaflowervaseforalongtimeinhisroom.

5.Carroll,whorunsachainofEnglishlanguageschoolsinShanghai,saidtheservicewasinsearchof“absolutebeginners”.

6.Selfie(自拍)isawayofentertainmentratherthanapartofdailylife.

7.Takeapartthemachinetoseeifthere’ssomethingwrongwithit.

8.Theydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalacetotallybychance.

9.Theschoolbuswilltakeyouthereinlessthananhour.

10.Thisactivityisthoughthighlyofbypeoplebecausetheycansharebookswithothers.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Thereisnodoubtthathewillhelpmerepairthebike,becausehealwayskeepshisword.

毫無疑問,他將會幫我修理自行車,因?yàn)樗偸切攀刂Z言。2.TherewasatimewhenhehaddifficultycommunicatingwithothersinEnglish.

他曾經(jīng)有一段時間用英語和別人交流很困難。3.Iguessnobodycouldhaveimaginedthattheseculturerelicswouldsuffersomuch.

我猜當(dāng)時沒有人能想象到這些文物會遭受這么多損失。4.Thetruckspilledoiloverthestreet,whichtooktwohourstocleanup.

卡車灑了滿街的油,(人們)花了兩個小時才清理干凈。5.ThismorningIwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIsawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled.

今天早晨我正在大街上走著,這時我看見兩個游客正在困惑地看著一張地圖。6.Asisknowntousall,booksarethesourceofknowledge.

眾所周知,書籍是知識的來源。Ⅳ.閱讀理解AStartedin1636,HarvardUniversityistheoldestofallthemanycollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStates.Yale,Princeton,ColumbiaandDartmouthopenedsoonafterHarvard.Intheearlyyears,theseschoolsweremuchalike.Onlyyoungmenwenttocolleges.Allthestudentsstudiedthesamesubjects,andeveryonelearnedLatin,GreekandHebrew.Littlewasknownaboutsciencethen,andonekindofschoolcouldteacheverythingthatwasknownabouttheworld.Whenthestudentsgraduated,mostofthembecameministersorteachers.In1782,Harvardstartedamedicalschoolforyoungmenwhowantedtobecomedoctors.Later,lawyerscouldreceivetheirtraininginHarvard’slawschool.In1825,besidesLatinandGreek,Harvardbeganteachingmodernlanguages,suchasFrenchandGerman.SoonitbeganteachingAmericanhistory.Asknowledgeincreased,Harvardandothercollegesbegantoteachmanynewsubjects.Studentswereallowedtochoosethesubjectsthatinterestedthem.Todaytherearemanydifferentkindsofcollegesanduniversities.Mostofthemaremadeupofsmallerschoolsthatdealwithspecialfieldsoflearning.There’ssomuchtolearnthatonekindofschoolcan’tofferitall.【文章大意】這篇短文主要介紹了哈佛大學(xué)始建于1636年,在美國是最古老的學(xué)院。耶魯、普林斯頓、哥倫比亞大學(xué)和達(dá)特茅斯在哈佛建成后不久就建立了。這些大學(xué)在建成后的初期,所教科目比較單一,對科學(xué)是知之甚少。隨著社會的發(fā)展,這些大學(xué)建立了更小的學(xué)校以教給學(xué)生不同領(lǐng)域的知識。1.Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanseethatintheearlyyears,.

A.thosecollegesanduniversitieswerealmostthesameB.people,youngorold,mightstudyinthecollegesC.thestudentsstudiedonlysomelanguagesandscienceD.whenthestudentsfinishedtheirschool,theybecamelawyersorteachers【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段開頭三句“Intheearlyyears,theseschoolsweremuchalike.Onlyyoungmenwenttocolleges.Allthestudentsstudiedthesamesubjects,andeveryonelearnedLatin,GreekandHebrew.”可知,早期的大學(xué)都很相似,只有年輕人可以上大學(xué),所有學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一樣的課程。2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Intheearlyyears,everyonecangotocolleges.B.In1782,HarvardbegantoteachGerman.C.Moreandmorecoursesweretaughtincollegewiththeimprovementofknowledge.D.Intheearlyyears,differentcollegesmajoredindifferentfields.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)Onlyyoungmenwenttocolleges.可知A錯誤。根據(jù)In1782,Harvardstartedamedicalschoolforyoungmen可知B錯誤。根據(jù)Intheearlyyears,theseschoolsweremuchalike.可知D錯誤。根據(jù)Asknowledgeincreased,Harvardandothercollegesbegantoteachmanynewsubjects.可知C正確。3.Onthewhole,thepassageisabout.

A.howtostartauniversityB.theworld-famouscollegesinAmericaC.howcollegeshavechangedD.whatkindoflessonseachcollegeteaches【解析】選C。主旨大意題。由文中每段開頭Intheearlyyears,In1782,Asknowledgeincreased和Today可知,文章從大學(xué)最初的少數(shù)的單一形態(tài),到后來學(xué)校的數(shù)量越來越多,而且所教的科目也越來越多,到現(xiàn)如今大學(xué)里有多種不同的學(xué)院、學(xué)科,可知全文依據(jù)時間順序介紹了大學(xué)的變化。B(2021·合肥高一檢測)VisitorstoRomecannowseeoneofthemostimportantprivatecollectionsofancientGreekandRomanstatues(雕像).The90worksfromtheTorloniaCollectionopenedthisweekinthenewlyrebuiltPalazzoCaffarelli,overlookingtheRomanForum.Amongtheworksisafountain(噴泉)thatwasmadeinancientGreece.ExpertsonancientRomebelievethefountainoncestoodinthegardenofthegeneralandstatesmanJuliusCaesar.Itwasalreadyhundredsofyearsold.The620-pieceTorloniaCollectionisbelievedtobethegreatestprivatecollectionofclassicalartintheworld.ItwasbegunmorethanacenturyagobyPrinceAlessandroTorlonia.Hefoundmanyofthepiecesonthegroundsofhisfamily’sRomangardenRichfromabusinessrelationshipwiththeVatican(梵蒂岡),thefamilyboughtotherwell-knownstatuecollections.In1884,theprincebuilthisownmuseumtoshowoffhiscollection.Whenthemuseumclosedin1976,thepieceswentintostorage.“Thereappearanceofsuchacollectionisaveryimportantevent,”saidarthistorianSalvatoreSettis.“WhenIsawthemforthefirsttime,IwereveryemotionalbecauseIknewmostofthosepiecesfrombooks,butIhadneverseenthem.”TheTorloniafamilychoseSettistohelpwiththedifficultjobofdecidingwhichworksshouldbeshowntothepublic.AnnaMariaCarrubahelpedpreparethestatuesfortheshow.“Manyofthesepieceswerealreadyrestoredfrom(theyear)1600onwards.Wedidn’tneedtoworkonthestructureofthestatuesbutonlyonthesurfaces,cleaningthem,”shesaid.TheshowstaysopenuntilJune29,2021.Itistheresultofpublicandprivatecooperationamongthecultureministry,thecityofRome,theTorloniaFoundationandtheRomanjewelerBvlgari.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了來自Torlonia家族的90件收藏品亮相羅馬。4.WhichofthefollowingcandescribetheTorloniafamily?A.Unlucky. B.Wealthy.C.Humorous. D.Ungenerous.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。通過第三段第三句可知,他在Torlonia家族的羅馬花園發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多與梵蒂岡有商業(yè)關(guān)系的藝術(shù)品,該家族還買了其他著名的雕像收藏品。可推知,Torlonia家族是富有的。故選B項。5.Whatdidtheprincethinkofhisprivatestatuecollection?A.Itisamatterofpride.B.Itisnotworthstoring.C.Itshouldnotbemadepublic.D.Itshouldberecordedinbooks.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。通過第四段第一句可知,1884年,王子建立了自己的博物館來炫耀他的藏品。由此推知,王子認(rèn)為他的私人雕像收藏是值得驕傲的事情。故選A項。6.WhatwasSettisrequestedtodobytheTorloniafamily?A.Repairstatues.B.Introducestatues.C.Selectstatuesforshow.D.Putoffthestatueshow.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過第六段第一句可知,Torlonia家族選擇Settis來幫助完成決定哪些作品應(yīng)該向公眾展示的艱巨任務(wù)。因此可推知,Torlonia家族要求Settis挑選展出的雕像。故選C項。7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnArtShowofStatuesWasHeldin1976B.PeopleLookForwardtoSeeingFamousStatuesC.AncientStatuesReappearafterYearsinStorageD.AFamousFountainDatesBacktoAncientGreece【解析】選C。主旨大意題。通讀全文,結(jié)合首段第二句可知TorloniaCollection收藏的90件作品本周在新重建的PalazzoCaffarelli開幕,可俯瞰羅馬廣場。本文介紹了古代雕像在被儲藏多年后再次被展出,亮相羅馬。C項“古老的雕像在存放多年后重新出現(xiàn)”符合文意,最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C項。Ⅴ.完形填空Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereleft1inthewild?Youmayhaveread2heardaboutpeoplewhosurvivedunderseemingly3conditions.Thesepeoplehavebeenabletosurvive4Waterisoneofthefewthingsnecessarytomakelife5,butfreshwatermaybedifficult6.Watercanbemade7byboilingitforthreetofiveminutes.Ifthereisa8ofwater,donottireyourselftoomuch.Tirednesswillcauseyoutosweattoomuch,andyourbodywillbeshortofsalt.

Foodis9necessityifyouarelostforalongerperiodoftime.Somepeoplehavegotovertheir10byeatinganimalsthatareeasytocatch.Plants,11,shouldnotbeeatenunlessyouaresuretheyareeatable.Nutsareeasyto12andofferyouenergy.Youcanalsoeat13treebark(treebarkisthecoveringofatree).

14fromextremetemperaturesisanotherconcern.Inheavysnow,youcanstayunderplants15shelter,usingleavesorgrasstokeepyourself16.Whenitisextremelyhot,youcan17asmallcaveatthebaseofathickevergreentree,18usetreebranchestokeepthecavecool.

Remainingcalmisextremelyimportantinanydangeroussituation.19withaplananddon’twastetimeorenergybygettingworried.

Byfocusing20thesethings,youcanturnyourselfintoasurvivor.

【文章大意】文章介紹了人類生存的必需品——水、食物和住所。1.A.lonely B.unique C.alone D.special【解析】選C。根據(jù)ifyouwereleftinthewild和下文的survived,可推知這里指“獨(dú)自”在野外。

2.A.or B.and C.for D.but【解析】選A。根據(jù)Youmayhavereadheard可知,這里指“讀過或聽說過”。

3.A.unnecessary B.impossibleC.unimportant D.uncertain【解析】選B。根據(jù)空前的survived可知,這里應(yīng)該指的是“不可能的”境況。4.A.through B.in C.about D.by【解析】選D。這些人得以生存,主要依靠三種基本需求:水、食物和住所。固定搭配:bydoingsth.“通過做某事”。5.A.stay B.keep C.continue D.remain【解析】選C。根據(jù)句中的Waterisoneofthefewthingsnecessary,再根據(jù)常識,可知水是使生命“繼續(xù)”的必需物質(zhì)。6.A.toachieve B.tofindC.toarrive D.tohave【解析】選B。根據(jù)句中but,說明此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折,再根據(jù)difficult,可知,“找到”淡水很困難。7.A.clean B.dirty C.clear D.warm【解析】選A。把水煮沸三到五分鐘就可以使它變得干凈。煮沸的開水是干凈的。8.A.storage B.supply C.donation D.shortage【解析】選D。storage存儲;supply供給;donation捐獻(xiàn);shortage短缺。根據(jù)下文Tirednesswillcauseyoutosweattoomuch可知,“缺水”后不要太累,以免出汗。9.A.another B.other C.some D.one【解析】選A。上文講到“水”是必需物質(zhì)之一,所以“食物”是“另一種”必需品。10.A.thirst B.tiredness C.hunger D.scare【解析】選C。根據(jù)byeatinganimalsthatareeasytocatch.可知,此處指“饑餓”。11.A.moreover B.thereforeC.besides D.however【解析】選D。根據(jù)shouldnotbeeatenunlessyouaresuretheyareeatable.可知此處表示一種“轉(zhuǎn)折”。12.A.recognise B.takeC.eat D.find【解析】選A。根據(jù)上句中的unlessyouaresuretheyareeatable和該句中的easy可知,此處指容易“辨認(rèn)出”。13.A.outside B.inner C.deep D.empty【解析】選B。根據(jù)eat和treebarkisthecoveringofatree可知,此處指吃“內(nèi)部”樹皮。14.A.Prevention B.ObservationC.Protection D.Safety【解析】選C。根據(jù)空后的extremetemperatures可知此處指“免遭”極端溫度。固定搭配:protectfrom“使免受”。15.A.for B.in C.with D.through【解析】選A。在大雪中,你可以躲在植物下,用樹葉或草來保暖。根據(jù)shelter可知此處表示“目的”,forshelter。16.A.warm B.coolC.comfortable D.relaxed【解析】選A。根據(jù)Inheavysnow可知,躲在植物下是為了“取暖”。17.A.form B.live C.survive D.create【解析】選D。根據(jù)asmallcaveatthebaseofathickevergreentree可知,要“創(chuàng)造”一個山洞。18.A.so B.and C.but D.when【解析】選B。當(dāng)天氣非常熱的時候,你可以在一棵常青樹的底部挖一個小洞,用樹枝來保持洞穴涼爽。此處是并列的謂語動詞,用并列連詞and連接。19