2023版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina課時作業(yè)外研版必修3

PAGEPAGE2Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaⅠ.閱讀理解Aeq\x(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58082307)MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX－rayfacilities(設(shè)備)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX－rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.HerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(輻射能).IreneJoliot－CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.文章大意：本文為記敘文。諾貝爾獎得主MarieCurie眾所周知，但她的女兒IreneCurie卻鮮為人知，她同樣是一位諾貝爾獎獲得者。1．WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?_B__A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.B．Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.C．BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.D．Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.[解析]事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句和第三句可知，IreneCurie幫助母親用X光設(shè)備來救治傷員，在法國和比利時的軍事醫(yī)院中，她仍繼續(xù)這項工作，并改良了X光設(shè)備。她因此被授予一枚“軍事獎?wù)篓暋?．WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?_A__A．AttheCurieInstitute.B．AttheUniversityofParis.C．Atamilitaryhospital.D．AttheCollegeofSévigné.[解析]事實細節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第二段可知，1918年，Irene在CurieInstitute成了她媽媽的一名助手，1924年，F(xiàn)redericJoliot也進入了CurieInstitute，兩人從此結(jié)識。故兩人認識的地點應(yīng)該為CurieInstitute。3．WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?_A__A．In1932. B．In1927.C．In1897. D．In1926.[解析]事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可知，他們的女兒Helene出生于1927年，5年后兒子出生了，即第二個孩子在1932年出生。4．InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?_C__A．Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.B．Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.C．IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.D．Irenediedfromleukemia.[解析]推理判斷題。由首段可知，MarieCurie獲得了兩次諾貝爾獎，但根據(jù)最后一段可知，IreneCurie只獲得了一次諾貝爾獎，這是母女倆的不同之處。由最后一段可排除選項A、B和D。B(2022·海淀區(qū)期中)eq\x(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58082308)Speed－readingisanecessaryskillintheInternetage.Weskimoverarticles,e－mailsandWechattotrytograspkeywordsandtheessentialmeaningofacertaintext.Surroundedwithinformationfromourelectronicdevices,itwouldbeimpossibletocopeifwereadwordbyword,linebyline.Butanewtrendcallsonpeopletounplugandenjoyreadingslowly,listingbenefitsbeyondtheintelligentstimulation.ArecentstoryfromTheWallStreetJournalreportedonabookclubinWellington,NewZealand,wheremembersmeetinacafeandturnofftheirsmartphones.Theysinkintocozychairsandreadinsilenceforanhour.Unliketraditionalbookclubs,thepointoftheslowreadingclubisn'texchangingideasaboutacertainbook,buttogetawayfromelectronicdevicesandreadinaquiet,relaxedenvironment.AccordingtotheJournal,theWellingtonbookclubisjustoneexampleofamovementstartedbybookloverswhomisstheold－fashionedwayofreadingbeforetheInternetandsmartphones.Slowreaders,suchasTheAtlantic'sMauraKelly,sayaregularreadinghabitsharpensthemind,improvesconcentration,reducesstresslevelsanddeepenstheabilitytosympathize.AnotherstudypublishedlastyearinScienceshowedthatreadingnovelshelpspeopleunderstandothers'mentalstatesandbeliefs,afundamentalskillinbuildingrelationships.Yettechnologyhasmadeuslessattentivereaders.Screenshavechangedourreadingpatternsfromthestraightandleft－to－rightsequencetoawildskimmingandskippingpatternaswehuntforimportantwordsandinformation.Readingtextpunctuatedwithlinksleadstoweakercomprehensionthanreadingplaintext.TheInternetmayhavemadeusstupider,saysPatrickKingsleyfromTheGuardian.BecauseoftheInternet,hesays,wehavebecomeverygoodatcollectingawiderangeofinterestingnews,butwearealsograduallyforgettinghowtositback,reflect,andrelateallthesefactstoeachother.Slowreadingmeansareturntoanuninterrupted,straightpattern,inaquietenvironmentfreeofdistractions.Aimfor30minutesaday,advisesKellyfromTheAtlantic.“Youcansqueezeinthathalfhourprettyeasilyifonlyduringyourfreemoments,youpickupameaningfulworkofliterature，〞Kellysaid.“Reachforyoure－reader,ifyoulike.KindlesmakebookslikeWarandPeacelessheavy,notlesssubstantive,andalsoensureyou'llneverloseyourplace.〞文章大意：在網(wǎng)絡(luò)世紀(jì)，快讀是一項根本技能。但是最近有一個新趨勢——慢讀。慢讀有很多好處。5．ThebookclubinWellingtonmentionedinParagraph2shows_B__.A．thedeclineofelectronicdevicesB．thenewtrendofslowreadingC．theimportanceofexchangingideasD．theincreasingnumberofclubreaders[解析]推理判斷題。Wellington的讀書俱樂部是一個例證，證明了第一段最后一句話“最近有慢讀的新趨勢〞。6．AccordingtoPatrickKingsley,peoplearestupiderpartlybecauseof_C__.A．a(chǎn)non－stopreadingpatternB．thestraight,left－to－rightscreenC．thelackofreflectionD．a(chǎn)widerangeofinterestingnews[解析]細節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句話“BecauseoftheInternet,hesays,wehavebecomeverygoodatcollectingawiderangeofinterestingnews,butwearealsograduallyforgettinghowtositback,reflect,andrelateallthesefactstoeachother.〞可知，人們變笨是因為我們?nèi)狈λ伎肌?．Accordingtothepassage,slowreading_D__.A．curesthememorylossofelderlypeopleB．promotesthecurrenttechnologyadvancesC．providespeoplewithaquietenvironmentD．contributestounderstandingamongpeople[解析]細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句話“AnotherstudypublishedlastyearinScienceshowedthatreadingnovelshelpspeopleunderstandothers'mentalstatesandbeliefs,afundamentalskillinbuildingrelationships.〞可知。8．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?_C__A．BenefitofReadingClubs.B．ReadingoftheInternetAge.C．ReturnofSlowReading.D．InfluenceofSpeedReading[解析]主旨大意題。由文章的意思可知。Ⅱ.七選五eq\x(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58082309)(2022·河南百校聯(lián)盟高三質(zhì)監(jiān))Manypeopleadmitthattheyaren'tpreparedfinanciallyforlife'sunexpectedchallengesandemergencies.IfyourNewYear'sdecisionistobecomemorefinanciallypreparedfora“rainyday〞，thefollowingtipsarehelpfulforyoutosave.Startsavingnow.Setspecificsavingsgoalsandbreakthemdowntoasetdollaramounttosaveeachpaycheck._1.D__Saveatleastasmallportionofeachpaycheckandremaincommittedtosaving,andthenlookforwayseachmonthtoincreasetheamount._2.A__Oneofthesimplestwaystofindmoneytoputtowardyourrainydayfundistokeepacloseeyeonwhereyourmoneyisbeingspent.Fortwoorthreemonths,trykeepingtrackofeveryexpense,includingsmallones.Onceyouhaveabetterideaofwhereyourmoneyisgoing,makeabudgetthatincludesaspendingandsavingsplan._3.F__Makesavingautomatic._4.E__Ifyourgoalistosave$5,000thisyear,calculatetheamountyou'llneedtosavefromeachpaycheck,thenarrangetohaveitautomaticallysavedintoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyougetpaid.Visityourbankbranchandaskabankerifyoucansetupautomatictransfersintoyoursavingsaccount.Goonaspendingdiet.Avoidspendinganymoneyonnon－essentialsfor30daysandchallengeyourselftosaveasmuchasyoucantoputtowardyourrainydayfund._5.G__Thenmakealistanddeterminenottospendontheseitemsforonemonth.A．Trackyourspending.B．Putyoursavingstowork.C．Doremember:Actionsalwaysspeaklouderthanwords.D．Theimportantthingistostartsavingnow,nomatterhowlittle.E．Treatyourrainydayaccountlikeyou'dtreatanyotherfinancialobligation(債務(wù))．F．Reviewyourbudgetattheendofeverymonthanddetermineifyourspendingisinlinewithyourplan.G．Reviewyourbudgetandidentifyextraornon－essentialexpenses,suchaseatingout,shopping,entertainment,etc.文章大意：許多人都想存款，以備不時之需，那究竟如何做呢？[解析]1.本段的中心話題就是存款從此時此刻開始，而且該空后面的“Saveatleastasmallportionofeachpaycheck...〞也說明了與D項的“nomatterhowlittle〞相照應(yīng)。2．本段話中的“Fortwoorthreemonths,trykeepingtrackofeveryexpense,includingsmallones.〞這個句子已經(jīng)暗示了要記錄你的日常開銷。3．本段話討論的是如何記錄自己的日常開銷，因此F項與本段相符合。4．本段話的主題就是讓銀行自動轉(zhuǎn)存成為你攢錢的好方式，像歸還其它債務(wù)一樣來儲蓄，因此選E項。5．該空后的“Thenmakealistanddeterminenottospendontheseitemsforonemonth.〞暗示了答案為G項。Ⅲ.語法填空eq\x(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58082310)閱讀下面材料，在空白上填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2022·湖南郴州質(zhì)檢)WhenIwasyoung，myparentsandI_1.moved__(move)toNewYorkfromChina.AlthoughwenowliveintheU．S.，wefollowthecustomsand_2.traditions__(tradition)ofChina.Ihavelearnedtospeakseverallanguages，English_3.included__(include)．Ieatallkindsoffoodsandcelebratedifferentholidays_4.which/that__havesomethingtodowithculture.However，there_5.are__(be)manydisadvantagesofbeingpartoftwocultures.Sometimes，speakingalanguageathomeandspeakinganotherlanguageinschoolcangetconfusing.Sometimes，Ihavetrouble_6.expressing__(express)mythoughtsinEnglishbecausetheydon'tunderstandmewell.SometimesmyculturedoesmakemefeelfarawayfromothersbecauseIfeeltoo_7.different__(differently)．Iamcloserto_8.my__(I)cultureofChinathanthatoftheU．S..Idon'tlistentoEnglishmusicas_9.much/often__asIlistentoChinesemusic.Therefore，Ifeelveryfaraway_10.from__myfriendswhenIdon'tknowwhatsongtheyaretalkingabout.文章大意：本文講述了作者從中國到美國后所經(jīng)歷的文化差異。[解析]1.考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：小時候，我和父親就從中國搬到了紐約。根據(jù)時間狀語從句WhenIwasyoung可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填moved。2．考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：盡管我們現(xiàn)在住在美國，但我們還遵循著中國的風(fēng)俗和傳統(tǒng)。tradition為可數(shù)名詞，and連接兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)customs可知，tradition也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填traditions。3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：我已經(jīng)學(xué)會說幾種語言了，包括英語。邏輯主語English與動詞include之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填過去分詞included。4．考查定語從句。句意：我吃各種食物，慶祝與文化有關(guān)的不同節(jié)日。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞holidays，且在從句中作主語。故填which/that。5．考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：然而，處于兩種文化之間有很多弊端。全文主體時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，講述的是一般事實，故本句也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；therebe句型中，be動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與離它最近的名詞保持一致。此處disadvantages是復(fù)數(shù)形式，be動詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are。6．考查固定搭配。句意：有時，我很難用英語表達我的思想，因為他們不太懂我的意思。havetrouble(in)doingsth.是固定搭配，意為“做某事有困難〞。故填expressing。7．考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：有時候我的文化使我感覺離其他人很遠，因為我的感覺跟他們不太一樣。系動詞feel后接形容詞。故填different。8．考查代詞。句意：與美國文化相比，我更接近中國文化。設(shè)空處修飾名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞性主代詞。故填my。9．考查副詞。句意：我聽的英文歌曲沒有中文歌曲多。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個比擬狀語從句。根據(jù)下一句可知，作者對英文歌曲不太熟，因此可以推斷作者聽的英文歌曲不多或不太經(jīng)常聽。故填much或often。10．考查介詞。句意：因此，當(dāng)我不知道他們在討論什么歌曲時，我感覺與朋友的距離很遠。farawayfromsb.是固定短語，意為“離某人很遠〞。故填from。Ⅳ.短文改錯eq\x(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58082311)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2022·廣西自治區(qū)質(zhì)檢)Iusedtoseeinganoldmanseatedbesidetheroadatmywaytoschool.Whetheritwasrainingorhotoutside，andhesatthereeveryday.Whathedoeswastowaveateveryonewhopassedby.OnedayherememberedIhadabeachumbrellaathome，soIturnedaround，gettingtheumbrellaandtookittohim.Hejumpedwithjoy.Inthefollowingsixmonth，Isawhimwavingatpeopleunderanumbrella.Later，Itoldthattheoldmanhadpassedaway.HowIwishhecouldlivelonger，forhiswavingmadeeveryoneelse'sdaysmorepleasantly.答案：Iusedtoeq\o(seeing,\s\do10(see))anoldmanseatedbesidetheroadeq\o(at,\s\do1