-新教材高中英語Unit3CONSERVTIONSectionⅠTOPICTALK檢測含解析北師大版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEPAGE7TOPICTALK[A級——語言點基礎練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theresearchersfoundthatalackofmoneytopayforlandconservation(保護)isaffectingefforts.2．Ilookedinsidehisplastic(塑料制的)bagandsawsomecarrotswithsoil.3．Therewasanitem(一條)inthepaperabouthim.4．Theyleavecitizenscardsinformingthemwhattheycanandcan’trecycle(回收利用),andletthemknowhowtheireffortswork.5．Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting(獵取),hesawthetracksofanimalsinthesnow.6．We’reintheprocessofswitching(轉換)overtoanewsystemofinvoicing.7．Thesebooks,whileinformative(知識性強的),arenotnecessarilytruthful.8．Coalmining(采礦業(yè))hasalwaysbeenadangerousoccupation.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Someofthegreatestproblemswefacetodayarethedestruction(destroy)ofourenvironment.2．Buttherisingsealevelandthecarbonpollutioncausingwarmingoceansarethreatening(threat)theirexistence.3．Theywerechargedwithbringinggoodsintothecountryillegally(illegal)．4．Thehunter(hunt)agreedtotakeustogohuntingtomorrow.5．Someexpertsappealedtopeopletorescuemanyspeciesfromextinction(extinct)．6．Urgent(urge)measureshavebeentakentopreventcaremission.Ⅲ.選詞填空havearole，doone’spart，stop...from...，atpresent，indanger，theamountof，switchto，assoonaspossible1．Inthepastdecade,theadministrationhasn’tdoneitspartinenvironmentalconservation.2．Asamemberoftheinternationalsociety,wehavearoletoplay.3．Youcan’tstoppeoplefromsayingwhattheythink.4．She’dliketobeafilmactress，butatpresentshe’samodel.5．Heisindangeroflosinghisjobifhegoesonlikethis.6．Shewasquitepositiveabouttheamountofmoneyinvolved.7．IaskedhertogetintouchwithHenryassoonaspossible.8．Selecttheapplicationyouwanttoswitchtoorclose.Ⅳ.補全句子1．IhopeIcangetagoodmarkandthatIcangotocollege.我希望我能取得一個好成績，然后我能上大學。2．Ihaveanurgetotellhimthesecret.我渴望去告訴他這個秘密。3．Iwasveryluckytogetthebooksocheap.我很幸運能以這么便宜的價格買到這本書。4．Thewaywechoosetobringupchildrenisvitallyimportant.撫養(yǎng)子女選用何種方式是極其重要的。[B級——話題語篇練]Ⅰ.閱讀理解ASnowleopards(豹)aresohardtophotographthatscientistsaren’tevensurehowmanyoftheseendangeredanimalsstillliveinthewild.TheSnowLeopardConservancy(SLC)setup20camerasinRussiain2010tolearnmoreaboutthebigcats.Afterafullsixmonths,theyhadexactlyzeropicture!That’swhentheorganizationunderstoodtheyneededhelp.Andtheonlypeoplewhocouldhelptheminfindingtheleopardsweretheverypeoplefromwhomtheywantedtoprotecttheanimals—localhunters(獵人)．HuntingsnowleopardsisagainstthelawinRussia,butintheterribleclimateofSiberia,thefewpeoplelivingtherehadtoturntopoaching(盜獵)tofeedtheirfamilies.In2013,RussiannaturalistSergeiSpitsynapproachedMergenMarkov,alocalhunter,andtoldhimhisproject.Markovagreedtosetupthecamerawhereheknewhewouldfindleopards,anditworked.Markov,onceapoacher,worksfulltimefortheconservationistsnowandhas10camerasmonitoringleopards.“Ivisiteachcameraonceamonth.IhaveknownthiswholeregionsinceIwasachild，”hesaidproudly.TheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)beganworkingwithotherlocalvillagersin2015.Thevillagewouldbepaid40,000rublesattheendoftheyeariftheimageofasnowleopardiscaught.WWFalsorentshorsesfromthevillagerssothattheydonotneedtomakemoneybypoachinganymore.“Todaytherearefarfewerleopardpoachersbutleopardsstillgetcaughtintrapssetforotheranimals,soIhavetostaywatchful，”saidMarkov.Changinggunsforcamerashasmadeabigdifferenceinthelivesoftheseformerpoachers,thevillage,andtheRussiansnowleopards.Thenumberofsnowleopardshasbeenrisingandtheirpopulationisexpectedtorecovertonormallevelswithin10years.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。為了獲知雪豹這種瀕危動物的具體數(shù)量，雪豹管理局安裝攝像頭去拍攝雪豹的照片，但因照片極難捕捉而一無所獲，于是他們找獵人尋求幫助，世界自然基金會也和獵人們合作，向他們支付報酬，獵人因此不再通過捕殺雪豹謀生，雪豹的數(shù)量一直在增加。1．Whywasnopictureofsnowleopardstakeninsixmonths?A．SLC’s20camerasfailedtoworkproperly.B．Thenumberofsnowleopardsinthewildwastoosmall.C．Thelocalpoachersdestroyedthesecamerasonpurpose.D．Theresearchersknewlittleabouttheanimal’slivinghabits.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知，雪豹如此難以拍攝，以至于科學家們甚至不確定有多少這種瀕危動物仍在野外生存。因為是瀕危動物，說明數(shù)量非常少，很難被拍攝到，所以推斷6個月內沒有照片是因為數(shù)量太少了，故選B。2．WhatdidSergeiSpitsynpersuadeMarkovtodo?A．Findthepoachers.B．Repaircamerasintheforest.C．Catchmoreleopards.D．WorkforSLC.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段內容以及下文“Markov,onceapoacher,worksfulltimefortheconservationistsnowandhas10camerasmonitoringleopards.”可知，SergeiSpitsyn勸說Markov是為了保護雪豹，由此可以推斷是為雪豹保護協(xié)會工作，故選D。3．WhydidtheWWFbeginworkingwithlocalvillagers?A．Togetsomepicturesofsnowleopards.B．Tohelpvillagersmakealiving.C．Topreventvillagersfromhuntinganimals.D．Torenttheirhorsesatalowprice.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數(shù)第二段中的“TheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)beganworkingwithotherlocalvillagersin2015.Thevillagewouldbepaid40,000rublesattheendoftheyeariftheimageofasnowleopardiscaught.”可知，世界自然基金會同當?shù)卮迕窈献骶褪菫榱双@取雪豹的圖像，故選A。4．HowcanwedescribetheWWF’scooperationwiththevillagers?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．Curiositykillsthecat.C．Killtwobirdswithonestone.D．Oldhabitsdiehard.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據倒數(shù)第二段內容可知，世界自然基金會通過支付報酬換取雪豹圖像的方式與當?shù)卮迕窈献鞑⑾虼迕癯鲎怦R匹以便他們不再通過偷獵賺錢?？梢娛澜缱匀换饡彤?shù)卮迕竦暮献骷瓤梢詭椭饡@取雪豹的圖像，又可以減少偷獵者的數(shù)量。由此推斷他們的合作同C選項描述更貼切，故選C。BOverthepasthalf-century,NorthAmericahaslostmorethanaquarterofitsentirebirdpopulation,oraround3billionbirds.“Wesawthisgreatnetlossacrosstheentirebirdcommunity，”saysKenRosenberg,ascientistinIthaca,N．Y.“Butwealsoknewthatotherbirdpopulationswereincreasing.Andwhatwedidn’tknowiswhethertherewasanetchange.”“Commonbirdswithdecreasingpopulationsincludedark-eyedjuncosandred-wingedblackbirds，”saysRosenberg.“Grasslandbirdshavesuffereda53%decrease,andmorethanathirdoftheshorebirdpopulationhasbeenlost.Birdpopulationsthathaveincreasedincluderaptors(猛禽),likethebaldeagle,andwaterfowl.”“Thenumbersofducksandgeesearelargerthanthey’veeverbeen,andthat’snotanaccident，”saysRosenberg.It’sbecausehunterswhomainlywanttoseehealthywaterfowlpopulationsforsportfulhuntinghaveraisedtheirvoices.“Peoplearedoingawonderfulefforttotryandunderstandourbirdpopulationswithalotofuncertainty,buttheactualsystemsthatwehaveinplacetotryandanswerreallytoughquestionslikethisarereallyfarshortofwhatweneed，”TedSimonsinNorthCarolinaStateUniversitysays.“Inall,theconclusionsweren’tnecessarilysurprising，”saysKristenRuegg,abiologistatColoradoStateUniversity.Therehavebeenhints(暗示)thatthelosswasthislargefromallkindsofsourcesoverthepastfewyears.Butinmostcases,thesewerespecies-specificrecordsoflocalextinctionsormodelsofprojectedlosses,resultingfromthingslikeclimatechange.Thisreallysortofwakespeopleuptotheideathatthisishappening.EliseZipkin,aquantitativeecologistatMichiganStateUniversity,saysthelosscanbeabigproblem.“Justbecauseaspecieshasn’tgoneextinct(滅絕)orisn’tevennecessarilyclosetoextinction,itmightstillbeintrouble，”shesays.“Weneedtobethinkingaboutconservation(保護)effortsforthat.”eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。世界上的鳥類正不斷消亡，我們要行動起來保護它們！)5．Whichofthefollowingbecomesmorethanbefore?A．Dark-eyedjuncos. B．Thebaldeagle.C．Grasslandbirds. D．Theshorebirds.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Grasslandbirdshavesuffereda53%decrease,andmorethanathirdoftheshorebirdpopulationhasbeenlost.Birdpopulationsthathaveincreasedincluderaptors(猛禽),likethebaldeagle,andwaterfowl.”可知，像禿鷹和水禽之類的數(shù)量已經增加了。故選B項。6．Whydoduckandgoosepopulationsincrease?A．Tohuntforfun.B．Toproviderichfoods.C．Toescapenetloss.D．Tokeeppeoplehealthy.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“It’sbecausehunterswhomainlywanttoseehealthywaterfowlpopulationsforsportfulhuntinghaveraisedtheirvoices.”可知，鴨子和鵝的數(shù)量增加，原因是獵人想看到有長得結實的水禽供他們打獵嬉戲。故選A項。7．WhatcanweinferfromElise’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Birdlosscanbeabigproblem.B．Climatechangecausespartofbirdloss.C．Protectingbirdsisquitenecessary.D．Whatishappeningisworthconsidering.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，Elise認為鳥類數(shù)量的減少是一個大問題，還有一些鳥類正在消亡或不應該滅絕，所以我們要考慮做出努力來保護它們。故選C項。8．Howdoestheauthorsupportthesubjectofthetext?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Byshowingideas.C．Byexplainingnumbers.D．Byprovidingresearchresults.解析：選B推理判斷題。縱覽全文，作者分別引用了四位專家的觀點來告訴我們：世界上的鳥類正不斷消亡，我們要行動起來保護它們。故選B項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Willtherebeanoutbreakofbirdfluthatthreatenshumans?Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(變異),leadingtowidespreadinfection.1Here’swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.Stockuponfood,waterandhouseholdsupplies.Ifthereisabirdflupandemic,you’llwanttominimizeyourchanceofcatchingitbystayingindoors;youmightevenberequiredtostayhomeifthegovernmentasksthatpeopleremaininquarantine(隔離期).You’dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2-weekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.2Haveanoutbreakplan.Itmayfeeloddoruncomfortabletotalktofamilymembersandlovedonesabouttheworst-casepandemicscenario.Butifthatscenariostrikes,you’llallbemuchbetteroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.3 Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseandresponsibilitieswouldbe;thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationtohavewiththosewithspecialcareneeds.4Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet,exercisingregularlyandgettingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.Particularlyinafluoutbreaksituation,itwillbeimportanttowashourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Bediligentaboutcoveringcoughsandsneezeswithtissues.Moreover,knowyouressentialhealthinformationsuchasbloodtype,allergies,andpastorcurrentmedicalconditions.Makealistofthatessentialinformationforallthemembersofyourfamily.5Anddomakesureeveryoneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.A．Workoutregularlytostayslim.B．Pickupthehabitsofhealthybehavior.C．Itiswisetokeepitsomewheresafeandvisible.D．It’simportanttoaskyourselfthesequestionsbeforeapandemicoccurs.E．Talkwithyourfriendsandfamilyabouthowyou’drespondtoanepidemic.F．Inthatcase,thebestthingyoucandorightnowistoprepareforthatpossibility.G．Thatwillhelpyougetthroughanextendedtimeathomeifanoutbreakhappens.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們需要了解的保持健康的知識。)1．選F根據空前的“Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(變異),leadingtowidespreadinfection.”和空后的“Here’swh