-新教材高中英語高效作業(yè)24Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriodⅣWriting含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEPAGE10PeriodⅣWritingⅠ.閱讀理解AInalong-sleevedshirtandjeans,DieudonneTwahirwalooksnothinglikethetraditionalAfricanfarmer.The30-year-oldownerofGashoraFarmknowswhatadifferencethatmakes.“Youneedmorerolemodels，”hesaid,standingamongknee-highrowsofchilli(辣椒)plants.“Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm,othersmaythink,‘Whycan'tIdothat？’”MrTwahirwa,auniversitygraduate,boughtafriend'stomatofarmsixyearsagofor$150.Hemade$1，500backintwomonths,“Youhavetolinkfarmingwithentrepreneurship(創(chuàng)業(yè)能力)andrealnumbers，”hesaid.ManyyoungAfricansareabandoningareasinthecountryside,choosingnottoworkhardandforalongtimeinthefields—ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange.ButTwahirwaisoneofthegrowingbandofsuccessfulfarmersworkingtomakeagriculture'simageonthecontinentmoreattractive.Some1，000farmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisown,andexportsfreshanddriedchilliesandoiltoBritain,theUnitedStates,IndiaandKenya.Africahastheworld'syoungestpopulationand65percentuncultivatedarableland(未開墾土地).Yetaccessinglandandloansisdifficult,andAfricanproductivityislowwithcropprofitsjust56percentoftheinternationalaverage.“Agricultureismainlyassociatedwithsufferingandnoyoungpersonwantstosuffer，”saidTamaraKaunda.ShebelievesAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold-fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe.“Showyoungpeopletractors,greenfields,niceirrigationsystemsandsmartphones，”shesaid.Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculturedoesnotmeantheyhavetoworkonafarm.Forexample,incoffeeproduction,thebeansgofromthefarmtothewashingstation，andthentobeseparatedfromthehusks(外殼).(D)1．Whatdoes“Whycan'tIdothat？”inParagraph2mean?A．Whycan'ttheyfarm?B．Whycan'tIdrivetothefarm?C．They'llbuyafriend'stomatofarm.D．They'llfollowtheexampleofthosefarmers.(B)2．Whatmakesitharderforfarmerstowork?A．Poorland.B．Climatechange.C．Lowincome.D．Longworkinghours.(B)3．WhatcanwelearnaboutTwahirwaaccordingtoParagraph5?A．Hefocusesonmarketing.B．Hehasmadeafortunebygrowingchillies.C．Heisthemostsuccessfulfarmer.D．Thelocalsaren'twillingtobuyhischillies.(D)4．WhatisthecurrentsituationoftheagricultureinAfrica?A．Itcallsformorefarmers.B．Itneedstogrowmorecoffee.C．Itlacksfarmingland.D．Itshouldchangeitsconventionalimage.答案及解析：【語篇解讀】文章向我們介紹了非洲青年通過自己的努力，在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上獲得了巨大的回報(bào)的故事。1．D句意猜測(cè)題。由第二段的“Youneedmorerolemodels”和“Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm，”可知，這里表達(dá)的意思是“效仿那些農(nóng)民”，故選D項(xiàng)。2．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“choosingnottoworkhardandforalongtimeinthefields—ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange”可知，氣候變化讓農(nóng)民工作起來更艱難，故選B項(xiàng)。3．B推理判斷題。由第五段的“andexportsfreshanddriedchilliesandoiltoBritain，theUnitedStates,IndiaandKenya.”可推斷出，Twahirwa通過種植辣椒掙了一大筆錢(madeafortunebygrowingchillies)。4．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段的“ShebelievesAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold-fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe.”可知，非洲農(nóng)業(yè)需要改變?nèi)藗兡弥z頭艱辛地工作的過時(shí)形象，故選D項(xiàng)。BModesteTraorehaslivedhiswholelifenearLakeWegnia,intheSahelareaofMali.Thelake'sfishhaveprovidedhimwithawaytoearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.However,becausehecan'tcatchenoughfishtofeedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals.Butastemperaturesrise,evaporationincreases,makingthebodyofwatershrink.StudieshavelinkedrisingtemperaturesonEarth'ssurfacetoclimatechange.Thelakeisshrinking,sodothechancesofhischildrenbecomingfishermen.“Ifthingsgoonlikethis,Idon'tthinkourchildrencanbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseotherjobs，”the56-year-oldTraoresaid.“Duringtherainyseason,thereisalotofwaterbutassoonasit'sover,thereisnowaterleftinthelake.Wearefishermen.Idon'tthinkourchildrenwillbe，”hesaid.LakeWegniaisintheSahelregionofKoulikoro,around120kilometresnorthofMali'scapital,Bamako.Some12，000people,includingfishermenandfarmers,dependonitforfood,waterandemployment.Butthelakehasshrunkby20percentsince2017.TheUNexpectstemperaturestheretoincrease1.5timeshigherthantheaverageincreaseworldwide.UNofficialsnotethatthefloodingandaseverelackofrainfallcancauseproblemsintheSahel.Foodinsecurity,thefightoverfarmlandandthefastpopulationgrowthcanleadtoconflict.AidgroupisleadingtheEco-LacWegniaproject.Thegroupisworkingtoimprovewatermanagementandfighttheeffectsofglobalwarming.MoussaSavagodoisEco-LacWegnia'slocalrepresentative.Hesaysthatfailingtomakechangesquicklycanmeanthelakewilldisappearcompletelyinlessthan5years.PeopleintheruralareasWegniaandKononi-Sirakorohaveplanted56，000treesinthepasttwoyears.Andtheyarebettercontrollingtheirwaterbybuildingstonebarrierstohelpthesoilkeeptherainthatdoesfall.(A)5．HowdidTraoreworktosupporthisfamilyinthepast?A．Byfishing.B．Byraisingfarmanimals.C．Bytakingchargeofthelake.D．Byworkingasanenvironmentalist.(D)6．WhateffectwillthecurrenttrendofthelakehaveaccordingtoTraore?A．Alotoffarmlandwillform.B．Therainyseasonwillendearly.C．Manyfishermenwillfleetheirhomes.D．Thelatergenerationwillchangetheircareers.(D)7．WhichofthefollowingdotheUNandtheaidgroupagreewith?A．Droughtandfloodwilldirectlycauseconflict.B．Reducingpopulationisawaytoprotectthelake.C．Watermanagementmakesnodifferencetothelake.D．Theriseintemperaturewillcausewaterresourceproblems.答案及解析：【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。隨著氣溫升高和蒸發(fā)的增加，水體萎縮導(dǎo)致湖泊逐漸縮小，漁民的孩子成為漁民的機(jī)會(huì)也在減少。5．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thelake'sfishhaveprovidedhimwithawaytoearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.However,becausehecan'tcatchenoughfishtofeedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals.”可知，過去，Traore靠捕魚養(yǎng)家。故選A。6．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifthingsgoonlikethis,Idon'tthinkourchildrencanbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseotherjobs.”可推斷出，下一代人將改變他們的職業(yè)。故選D。7．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段和第四段，聯(lián)合國(guó)預(yù)計(jì)，隨著溫度上升，洪水和干旱可能在薩赫勒地區(qū)造成問題；援助小組正致力改善水資源管理并應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖帶來的各種影響。兩者都認(rèn)為溫度上升會(huì)帶來水資源問題。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空Despitethehardconditionsandhands-onlabour，__1__Australia'sgeneroussalariesanddistributionofworkpermits,doingagricultureworkthereisanincredibly__2__wayforbackpackerstoearnabroad.Myfirst__3__inAustraliawasonTodd'sTomatoFarm.My__4__duringmythreemonths'workingwereclearingthetomatofield,weedingthepeppers,andplantingcornseeds.DuringmysecondyearinAustraliaIactually__5__togobackanddosomevegetable__6__.ThistimeIworkedatBrakPakinthe__7__fields.Thatisbyfarthemostphysically__8__jobIhaveeverdone.Pumpkinswerepickedusingatractor.Therewouldbeonepersondriving,twopeopleonthetrailersortingpumpkinsandfivepeopleonthe__9__picking.Attachedtothetrailerwasalongbelt.Asthetractordroveforwards,wewouldhavetorunalong__10__it,pickthepumpkinsandputthemonthebelt.Thiswashard—youhadtopickallthepumpkinsthatwere__11__grown,putthemonthebelt，__12__fordamagedorrottenonesand__13__thetractor.Weusedtotaketurnsgivingourselvesa__14__andsometimeswewouldbesentofftodo“cutting”.Thestalks(蒂)onpumpkinswereso__15__thatweweren'tabletobreakthembyhand,sowehadcutters.Iwastoldthatthesecutterscouldcutstraightthrougha__16__，soIwasvery__17__atfirst.IgotthehangofitbutIwasalways__18__oflosingabodypart!Iknowthatmostpeopledon'tdoasmanydifferentrolesasIdid!However,Ireallyenjoyedbeingableto__19__differentpartsofthefarmandinthe__20__wasabletoseethewholeseason.(B)1．A．a(chǎn)ccordingtoB．duetoC．a(chǎn)stoD．inadditionto(D)2．A．hardB．seriousC．complexD．popular(A)3．A．jobB．tripC．lessonD．stop(B)4．A．suggestionsB．dutiesC．regretsD．blessings(C)5．A．meantB．a(chǎn)ttemptedC．choseD．began(C)6．A．plantingB．shippingC．pickingD．cutting(B)7．A．tomatoB．pumpkinC．pepperD．corn(C)8．A．encouragingB．pressingC．demandingD．exciting(D)9．A．beltB．tractorC．pileD．ground(A)10．A．behindB．a(chǎn)crossC．a(chǎn)gainstD．for(A)11．A．fullyB．hardlyC．naturallyD．possibly(C)12．A．watchB．careC．checkD．look(A)13．A．keepupwithB．getridofC．holdontoD．setoutfor(D)14．A．chanceB．tryC．creditD．break(B)15．A．heavyB．thickC．softD．fragile(B)16．A．plantB．fingerC．vegetableD．trunk(D)17．A．curiousB．confidentC．upsetD．nervous(A)18．A．terrifiedB．sureC．proudD．suspected(D)19．A．observeB．studyC．a(chǎn)ssessD．experience(C)20．A．pastB．beginningC．processD．distance答案及解析：【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述在澳大利亞作為背包客所體驗(yàn)的一種非常流行的賺錢方式。1．BA.accordingto根據(jù)；B.dueto由于；C.asto至于，關(guān)于；D.inadditionto除……之外。盡管條件艱苦，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，但由于澳大利亞豐厚的工資和工作分配許可，從事農(nóng)業(yè)工作對(duì)背包客來說是一種非常受歡迎的海外賺錢方式。此空用來說明原因，故選B。2．DA.hard努力的；困難的；B.serious嚴(yán)肅的；認(rèn)真的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.popular受歡迎的；流行的。對(duì)于背包客來說是一種非常流行的在國(guó)外賺錢的方式。結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。3．AA.job工作；B.trip旅行；C.lesson教訓(xùn)；D.stop車站。根據(jù)onTodd'sTomatoFarm可知，這里指在澳大利亞的第一份工作(job)。故選A。4．BA.suggestion建議；B.duty職責(zé)；C.regret悔恨；D.blessing祝福。根據(jù)“clearingthetomatofield，weedingthepeppers，andplantingcornseeds”可知，這里指作者的工作職責(zé)(duty)。故選B。5．CA.mean意味著；B.attempt企圖；C.choose選擇；D.begin開始。在澳大利亞第二年，作者選擇做一些蔬菜采摘。故選C。6．CA.plant種植；B.ship運(yùn)送；C.pick采摘；挑選；D.cut割。根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容可知，作者做一些蔬菜采摘的工作。故選C。7．BA.tomato西紅柿；B.pumpkin南瓜；C.pepper辣椒；D.corn玉米。根據(jù)下面一段第一句“Pumpkinswerepickedusingatractor”．可知，是在南瓜地里工作。故選B。8．CA.encouraging振奮人心的；B.pressing緊迫的；C.demanding要求高的；D.exciting令人興奮的。這是迄今為止作者做過的最需要體力的工作。故選C。9．DA.belt傳送帶；B.tractor拖拉機(jī)；C.pile堆；D.ground地面。有一個(gè)人開車，兩人在拖拉機(jī)上給南瓜分類，還有五人在地里摘南瓜。結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。10．AA.behind在……后面；B.across穿過；C.against反對(duì)；D.for為了。當(dāng)拖拉機(jī)朝前開時(shí)，他們會(huì)在它后面跟著，摘南瓜，然后把它們放在傳送帶上。結(jié)合句意可知答案為A。11．AA.fully充分地；完全地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.naturally自然地；D.possibly很可能地。這是很難的，你必須選擇所有長(zhǎng)熟的南瓜，把它們放在傳送帶上，檢查損壞或爛的，并跟上拖拉機(jī)。結(jié)合句意可知選A。12．CA.watch觀看；B.care關(guān)心；照顧；C.check檢查，核對(duì)；D.look看。把它們放在傳送帶上，檢查損壞或爛的。根據(jù)句意可知選C。13．AA.keepupwith跟上；B.getridof除掉；C.holdonto堅(jiān)持；緊握；D.setoutfor出發(fā)去……。把它們放在傳送帶上，檢查損壞或爛的，并跟上拖拉機(jī)。A項(xiàng)符合語境。14．DA.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.try嘗試；C.credit貸款；D.break休息。我們輪流給自己適當(dāng)?shù)男菹?，故選D。15．BA.heavy沉重的；B.thick粗的；C.soft軟的；D.fragile易碎的。根據(jù)后半句“weweren'tabletobreakthembyhand，sowehadcutters”．可知，南瓜蒂很粗。故選B。16．BA.plant植物；B.finger手指；C.vegetable蔬菜；D.trunk樹干。根據(jù)下文的“l(fā)osingabodypart”可知，作者被告知有可能會(huì)被切掉手指。故選B。17．DA.curious好奇的；B.confident自信的；C.upset煩惱的；D.nervous緊張不安的。有可能被切掉手指，自然是緊張的。故選D。18．AA.terrified感到害怕的；B.sure確信；C.proud自豪的；D.suspected有嫌疑的。根據(jù)“l(fā)osingabodypart”可知作者感到害怕。故選A。19．DA.observe觀察；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.assess評(píng)估；D.experience體驗(yàn)。根據(jù)空格后的“differentpartsofthefarm”可知這里指體驗(yàn)。故選D。20．CA.past過去；B.beginning開始；C.process過程；D.distance距離。根據(jù)空格后“wasabletoseethewholeseason”可知，在工作的過程中能看到整個(gè)季節(jié)。故選C。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sofar,China'sBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem1．__has__been__used__(use)inagriculture.Itishelpingfarmersapplyfertilisersandpesticidesmore2．__precisely__(precise).Anintelligentfertiliser-pesticidedistributor,3．__assisted__(assist)bytheBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystemandbigdatatechnology,hasbeenworkinginthewheatfieldinHancunVillageinJiangduCounty,eastChina'sJiangsuProvince.Throughtheremotenetworktechnologyserviceplatform,themachinecanprovidehigh-precisionfertiliser4．__distribution__(distribute).Whenthemovementofthemachinedeviates(偏離)fromthetargetpath,5．__the__systemcouldcorrectthedeviationinrealtime.HanBaolong,afarmerinthevillage,saidtheautomaticdistributorhelpedhimalotbecausethecoronavirusoutbreaksinceJanuaryhadcausedaseverelackofworkers,6．__who__traditionallyappliedfertilisersandpesticidesbyhand.TheBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystemhasalsomadeagriculturalproduction7．__smarter__(smart)andmoreprecise.Self-drivingtractorsandunmannedfarmingvehiclesbased8．__on__theBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystemhavebeenusedtoexploreprecisionfarminginnorthwesternXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,northeasternHeilongjiangProvince,andatanautomatedfarmineasternJiangsuProvince.ByApril2019,theBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystemhadservedmorethan50，0009．__pieces__(piece)ofagriculturalmachinery,10．__saving__(save)10percentoffuel.答案及解析：【語篇解讀】北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)給我們的生活帶來了很大的方便，比如在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，它使農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)更加智能、精確同時(shí)節(jié)約人力和物力。1．hasbeenused考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)Sofar可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。提示詞“use(應(yīng)用)”與主語China'sBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語表示單數(shù)意義，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。2．precisely考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞apply，作狀語，用副詞形式。3．a(chǎn)ssisted考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞。提示詞“assist(幫助)”與其邏輯主語“Anintelligentfertiliser-pesticidedistributor”之間為被