考研英語(二)真題及答案

2012年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語（二）試卷

SectionlllseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreach

numberedblankand

markA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGl.Joeasa

mindlesswartoy,thesymbol

that'sneedtobe.lbthemenandadventurism,butof

Americannothowitmilitary

WarHandthepeoplethey2mangrownwomenwho1in

Worldliberated,theGlwasthe

intohero,thepoorfarmkidtomawayfromhishome,theguy

who3alltheburdens

whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodand

shelter,ofbattles,

whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.This

wasnotavolunteer

soldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguyup6the

besttrained,bestequipped,

fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesincenturies.

Hisnameisn'tmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7

GovernmentIssue,

anditwasonallofthearticles8tosoldiers.AndJoe?A

commonnameforaguy

whonever9ittothetop.

JoeBlow,JoePalooka,JoeMagrac?aworking

classname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentor

vice-presidentorsecretaryofstate

Joe.

GLJoehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,and

Koreantroops.Heappears

asacharacterora12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945

movieTheStoryof

GLJoe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentEmie

Pyle.Someofthesoldiers

Poly13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousfor

coveringthe14side

ofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,not

howmanymileswere

“Willie”cartoonsreports16theliberated.15orwhattowns

werecapturedorHis

Maulden.Bothmen17theandStripesoffamed

StarsartistdirtBillandexhaustion

ofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheach

otherandthe

civilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,

France,andadozen

morecountries,GLJoewasAmericansoldiers,20themost

importantpersonintheir

lives.

1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed

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2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal

3.[A]bore[B]caused[C]removed[D]loaded

4.[A]necessities[B]facilities[C]commodities[D]properties

5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence

6.[A]for[B]into[C]from[D]against

7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming

8.[A]handedout[B]turnedover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown

9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed

1O.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither

11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished

12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony

13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned

14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human

15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained

16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted

17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired

18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advances

19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond

20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]at

that

point

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SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbelow

eachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsand

evenmanyparents,

butinrecently

yearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.School

districtsacrossthe

country,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheir

thinkingonthis

educationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedan

inflexiblepolicy

whichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvanced

courses,homeworkmayno

longercountformorethan10%ofastudenfsacademic

grade.

Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfrom

impoverished

orchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.

Butthepolicyisunclearand

contradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthat

studentscannot

completeontheirownorthattheycannotdowithout

expensiveequipment.But

ifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonot

dotheir

homeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoing

riskilyclosetothe

implicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.

Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapartof

schooling0

teachersareallowed

toassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomework

counting

fornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskip

halftheirhomework

andseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Some

studentsmightdowellon

statetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhatabout

thestudentswho

performedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?Itisquite

possiblethatthe

homeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofind

whatworksbestfor

theirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.

Atthesametime,

thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestions

about

homework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportantto

itsstudents'academic

achievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatethe

assignments,notmakethem

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countforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifshouldaccountfora

significantportionof

thegrade.Meanwhile,thispolicydoesnothingtoensurethatthe

homework

studentsreceiveismeaningfulorappropriatetotheirageand

thesubject,orthatteachersarenot

assigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.

Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheshool

board,which

isresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothe

matterandconducts

publichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodo

homeworkright.

21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework.

[A]isreceivingmorecriticism

[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual

[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses

[D]isgainingmorepreferences

22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainly

because

poorstudents.

[A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheir

education[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducational

standard[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework

[D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework

23.AccordingtoParagraph3'oneproblemwiththepolicyis

thatitmay.

[A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework

[B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards

[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests

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[D]restrictteachers'powerineducation

24.AsmentionedinParagraph4akeyquestion

unansweredabouthomeworkis.

[A]itshouldbeeliminated

[B]itcountsmuchinschooling

[C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers

[D]itisimportantforgrades

25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe.

[A]wrongInterpretationsofanEducationalPolicy

[B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents

[C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework

[D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework

Text2

Prettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememberbeingso

obsessedwiththecolour,

yetitisinouryounggirlsitisnotthatpink'pervasivelives.is

intrinsically

girlhoodbad,butitissuchatinysliceof

therainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrate

andfirmlyfusesgirls'repeatedlyitalsoidentitytoappearance.

Theninoneway,

itpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,

betweengirlsasnotonly

innocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,

Idespairedatthesingular

lackofimaginationaboutgirls'livesandinterests.

Girls'attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehow

encodedintheirDNA,

butaccordingtoJoPaoletti.anassociateprofessoritof

AmericanStudiesJsnot.

inthecolour-codedwerenotatalluntil20thcentury,the

earlyerabeforeChildren

domesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasa

practicalmatter,sincethe

onlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.

What'smore,bothboysandgirls

worewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.When

nurserycolourswere

5/20

introduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculine

colour,apastelversion

Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginofred,whichwas

associatedwithstrength.

Mary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwas

notuntilthe

mid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecame

adominantchildren,s

marketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenit

begantoseem

inherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemas

female,atleastfor

thefirstfewcriticalyears.

Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictated

ourperceptionof

whatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheir

psychological

development.Takethetoddler.lassumedthatphasewas

somethingexpertsdeveloped

'sbehavior:wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoafteryearsof

researchintochildren

DanielCook,ahistorianofchildhood

consumerism,itwaspopularized

asamarketing

trickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.

Tradepublicationscounseleddepartmentstoresthat,inorder

toincreasesales,

createa“thirdsteppingstone”betweenkids'and

olderweartheyshouldinfant

“toddler"becameacommonshoppers'termthat

itclothes.Itwasonlyafter

abroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalintoSplittingkids.or

adults,stage.evolvedinto

ever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboost

profits.Andoneofthe

easiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygender

differences-orinventthem

wheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.

26.Bysayinguitis?therainbow”(Line3,Para.1),the

authormeanspink.

[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood

[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls,innocence

[C]cannotexplaingirls'lackofimagination

[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterests

27.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueof

colours?

[A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA.

[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.

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[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.

[D]Whiteispreferredbybabies.

28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren's

psychological

developmentwasmuchinfluencedby.

[A]themarketingofproductsforchildren

[B]theobservationofchildren'snature

[C]researchesintochildren'sbehaviour

[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumption

29.Wemaylearnfromparagraph4thatdepartmentstores

wereadvisedto.

[A]focusoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes

[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders

[Cjclassifyconsumersintosmallergroups

[D]createsomecommonshoppers'terms

30.Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemsto

be.

[A]clearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendency

[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers

[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen

[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexperts

Text3

7/20

ln2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotech

industrytoitscore.Companies

hadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some

20%ofhumangeneswere

patented.ButinMarch2012ajudgeruled

thatgeneswereunpatentable.Executives

wereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustry

Organisation(BIO),atrade

group,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta

upreliminarystep”inalonger

battle

OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.A

federalappealscourt

decision,overturnedtheprior

rulingthatMuriadGeneticscouldindeedholdpatents

awoman,srisk

ofbreastcancer.Thechieftotwogenesthathelpforecast

executive

ofMytiad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingto

firmsandpatients

alike.

Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalised

medicine,thecourts

Criticsmakeratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynot

over.willremain

soitmaythreemainargumentsagainstgene

patents:ofnature,ageneisaproduct

ogeneoandpatentsinnovationrathernotbepatentedthanreward

itpatentssuppress

monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriadsA

growingnumberseem

toagree.Lastyearafederaltask-forceurgedreform

forpatentsrelatedtogenetic

InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticea

briefinfiledtheMyriadtests.case,arguing

ofnature?than"isaproductfibresDNAmoleculethatan

isolatednolessarecotton

“thathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds.

Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremain

unanswered.For

example,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawhole

genomeviolatesthepatentsofindividual

geneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.

Astheindustry

advances,however,othersuitsmayhaveaneven

greaterimpact.

Companiesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhuman

DNAmolecules-mostare

unlikely

patentedorinthepublicdomain.Firmsarenow

studyinghowgenesinteract,

lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethe

causesofdiseaseor

predietadrug'sefficacy.Companiesareeagertowin

patentsfor^connectingthe

dots,“explainsHansSauer,alawyerfortheBIO.

Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuit

relatedtothisissue,broughtbythe

MayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.

TheBIOrecently

heldaconvention

whichincludedsessionstocoachlawyeronthe

shiftinglandscape

forpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked.

8/20

31.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph1thatthebiotech

companies

wouldlike.

[A]theirexecutivestobeactive

[B]judgestoruleoutgenepatenting

[C]genestobepatentable

[D]theBIOtoissueawarning

32.Thosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat,

[A]genetictestsarenotreliable

[B]onlyman-madeproductsarepatentable

[C]patantsongenesdependmuchoninnovation

[D]courtsshouldrestrictaccesstogenetictests

33.AccordingtoHansSauer,companiesareeagertowin

patentsfor.

[A]establishingdiseasecorrelations

[B]discoveringgeneinteractions

[C]drawingpicturesofgenes

[D]identifyinghumanDNA

34.Bysaying“Eachmeetingwaspacked”(Line4,Para.6),

theauthormeans

that.

[A]thesupremecourtwasauthoritative

[B]theBIOwasapowerfulorganisation

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[C]genepatentingwasagreatconcern

[D]lawyerswerekeentoattendconventions

35.Generallyspeaking,theauthor'sattitudetowardgene

patentingis.

[A]critical

[B]supportive

[C]scornful

[D]objective

Text4

Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessness

isprobably

beginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseand

characterof

agenerationofyoungadults.Andultimately,itislikelyto

reshapeourpolitics,ourculture,and

thecharacterofoursocietyforyears.

Noonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthis

national

economicdisaster.Manysaidthatunemployment,while

extremelypainful,had

improvedtheminsomeways:they

hadbecomelessmaterialisticandmorefinancially

prudent。theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.In

limitedrespects,

perhapstherecessionwillleavesociety

betteroff.Attheveryleast,ithasawoken

usfromournational

feverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputa

necessary

endtoaneraofrecklesspersonalspending.

Theinandfaruncertain,off.Butforthemostpart,

thesebenefitsseemthin,

MoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomic

historianBenjaminFriedman

arguesthatbothinside

andoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnation

ordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spirited

andlessinclusive,

andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrights

andfreedoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,as

doesconflictbetweenracesand

classes.

10/20

Incomeinequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnot

shrunkin

thisone.Indeed,thisclassdivides,periodofeconomicweakness

mayreinforceand

-especiallyforyoungpeople.Theresearchdecrease

opportunitiestocrossthem

suggeststhatnotallVonWachter,theeconomicat

Columbiallniversity.ofTillpeople

graduatingchancesdimmed:thoseseetheir

lifewithdegreesfromintoarecession

beenuniversitiescatchquicklyupfairlytowheretheyotherwise

wouldhaveelite

bettertimes□itareinleftthemassesbeneathisthem

thatiftheyhadgraduated

behind.

IntheInternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseethe

resentmentthathasalways

beenhiddenwithinAmericansociety.Moredifficult,inthe

moment,isdiscerning

'scharacter.lnmanyrespects,preciselyhowtheseleantimes

areaffectingsociety

theU.S.wasmoresociallyenteringthisrecessionthanatany

timeinitstolerant

history,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialconflictsince

thenhaveshown

mixedresults.Wew川havetowaitandseeexactlyhow

thesehardtimeswillreshape

oursocialfabric.certainlyButtheyandallthewillreshapeit,more

sothelonger

theyextend.

36.Bysayingutofindsilverliningsv(Linel,Para.2)theauthor

suggeststhat

thejoblesstryto.

[A]seeksubsidiesfromthegovernment

[B]explorereasonsfortheunemployment

[C]makeprofitfromthetroubledeconomy

[D]lookonthebrightsideoftherecession

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmade

people.

[A]realizethenationaldream

[B]struggleagainsteachother

[C]challengetheirprudence[D]reconsidertheirlifestyle

11/20

38.BenjaminFriedmanbelievesthateconomicrecessions

may.

[A]imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrants

[B]bringoutmoreevilsofhumannature

[C]promotetheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms

[D]easeconflictsbetweenracesandclasses

39.TheresearchofTillVonWachtersuggeststhatinthe

recessiongraduates

fromeliteuniversitiestendto.

[A]lagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedopportunities

[B]catchupquicklywithexperiencedemployees

[C]seetheirlifechancesasdimmedastheothers

[D]recovermorequicklythantheothers

40.Theauthorthinksthattheinfluenceofhardtimeson

societyis.

[A]certain

[B]positive

[C]trivial[D]destructive

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyreading

informationfrom

theleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetails

givenintheright

12/20

column.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.Make

youransweronANSWERSHEET1.

(10points)

"Universityhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhasaccomplished

intheworld,

isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworked

here,“wrotetheVictorianThomas

CarlyleWell,notanymoreitisnot.

Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavorite

historicalform.

Thiscouldbenomorethanapassing

literarycraze,butitalsopointstoabroader

truthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcerned

withlearningfromour

forefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,we

wantempathy,not

inspiration.

FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingof

historymeant

recountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337,Petrarch

beganworkonhis

ramblingwritingDebinslllustribus—onFamousMen,

highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)of

classicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessin

conqueringfortuneandrisingto

thetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccolo

Machiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,hechampioned

cunning,ruthlessness,and

boldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsof

successfulleaders.

Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.The

Romanticscommemoratedthe

theuniquenessofpainterstheartist'day,stressingsand

authoroftheirleading

personexperiencerathertheVictorianthanpublicBy

contrast,authorSamuelglory.

—Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,Smile

wroteself

industrialistsandexplorers."'Thevaluableexampleswhich

theyfurnishofthe

patientpurposeresoluteworkingpowerofself-help,ofand

steadfast!integrity,

issuinginoftrulytheexhibit.formationnobleandmanly

character,wroteSmile,

“whatitisinthepowerofeachtoaccomplishforhimself.”

Hisbiographiesof

WedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguideJames

Watt,RichardArkwrightandJosian

theworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife.

ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocused

hisbiographies

onthetruly

heroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleon

Bonaparte.

represented

liveshardtoimitate.buttobeacknowledgedasThese

epochalfigures

possessinghigherauthoritythanmeremortals.

13/20

Noteveryonewasconvincedbysuchbombast.uThehistoryof

allhitherto

“wrotexistingsocietyisthehistoryofclassstruggles,eMarx

andEngelinThe

CommunistManifesto.

Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmense

wealth

norwagedbattles:"Itisman,livingmanwhodoesallthat.And

historyshouldv

bethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle,As

such,itneededto

appreciatetheeconomicrealities.thesocialcontextsand

powerrelationsinwhich

eachepochstood.For:"Menmaketheirownhistory,butthey

donotmakeitjust

[A]emphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroes

41Petrarch(B]highlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingartists

42NiccoldMachiavelli[C]focusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveswerehardto

imitate

43SamuelSmiles[D]openednewrealmsofunderstandingthemasses

andtheirrecordofstruggle

44ThomasCarlyle[E]heldthathistoryshould

45MarxandEngels[F]dismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessfulleaders

[G]depictedtheworthylivesofengineerindustrialists

andexplorers

undercircumstances

chosenbythemselves,

butastheyplease。theydonotmakeit

undercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfrom

thepast.v

Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthe

past.Inplaceof

ThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompson

andEricHobsbawm.

Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.

Wholenew

realmsofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetocultural

studies—wereopened

upasscholarsunpickedoflostsocieties.themultiplicityAndit

transformedpublic

historytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs.

SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.Write

yourtranslationonANSWER

SHEET2.(15points)

Whenpeopleindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,

theyareusually

concernedattheprospectoftheirbestandbrightestdeparture

toSiliconValley

ortohospitalsanduniversitiesindevelopedworld.Theseare

thekindofworkers

14/20

thatcountries

likeBritain,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusing

immigration

rulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates.

Lotsofstudieshave

foundthatwell-educatedpeoplefromdevelopingcountries

likelytoemigrate.Abigareparticularlysurveyof

Indianhouseholdsin2004found

thatnearly40%ofemigrantshadmorethanahigh-school

education,comparedwith

around3.3%ofallIndiansovertheage25.This“braindrain”

haslongbothered

economies,inpoorpolicymakerscountries.hurts

theirdeprivingTheyfearthatit

themofmuch-neededskilledworkerswhocouldhavetaught

attheiruniversities,

workedintheirhospitalsandcomeupwithclevernewproducts

fortheirfactories

tomake.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.Directions:

Supposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththe

electronicdictionarythatyou

boughtfromanonlinestoretheotherday.Writeanemailtothe

customerservice

centerto

1)makeacomplaint,and

2)demandapromptsolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“Zhang

Wei,,instead.

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwriting,

youshould

1)describethetable,and

15/20

2)giveyourcomments.

某公司員工工作滿戢度調(diào)查

、、、熹順芭目不清楚不滿意

方40歲167%500%33.3%

40-50歲00%360%640%

>50歲400%500%10.0%

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.(15point)

2012考研英語二考研完整參考答案

完形填空：

1.B2.B3.A4.A5,C

6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B

11.D12.B13.C14.D15.B

16.A17.C18.B19.B20.D

TEXT1：

21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D

TEXT2：

26.A27.B28.A29.C30.C

TEXT3：

16/20

31.C32.B33.A34.D35.D

TEXT4：

36.D37.D38.B39.D40.A

新題型:

41-45：AFGCE

SectionIIITranslation

46.【參考譯文】發(fā)展中國家的人們?yōu)橐泼駪n慮時(shí)，他們通常擔(dān)

憂的是離開自己國家去

去硅谷或發(fā)達(dá)國家的醫(yī)院和大學(xué)的最優(yōu)秀、最聰明的群體的前景。

這些勞動者正是像英國、加拿大、澳大利亞這樣的國家通過賦

予受過大學(xué)教育者以特權(quán)的移民法想要吸引的人群。

很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，來自發(fā)展中國家的那些受到良好教育的人們極有

可能選擇移居他國。

2004年對印度家庭開展了一項(xiàng)廣泛的調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示約40%的

移民受過高中以上的教育。相

比而言，在所有年齡超過25歲的印度人中，受過高中以上教

育的人數(shù)比例只有約。“人3.3%

才流失”一直困擾著貧窮國家的政策制定者們。他們擔(dān)心這會對

本國的經(jīng)濟(jì)造成損害，造成

國家急需的技工的流失。這些技術(shù)人員可能曾在他們的大學(xué)教

案，也可能曾在他們的醫(yī)院工

作，或者曾經(jīng)構(gòu)想出智能化的新產(chǎn)品讓他們的工廠去生產(chǎn)。

【解讀】今年翻譯話題是貧窮國家的人才流失問題，話題內(nèi)容

比較好理解，從而在很大

程度上降低了翻譯的難度。但還是有幾個(gè)地方有的同學(xué)可能會比

較困惑。

1）文章第一句的主句需要我們?nèi)フJ(rèn)真思考下。"theyareusually

concernedatthe

prospectoftheirbestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValley

ortohospitals

anduniversitiesinthedevelopedworldn

這句話中concernat的賓語是prospect?？吹健皁f”我

們要立即想到“AofB”翻譯

為“B的A”在這里，A指的就是“prospect"，關(guān)鍵就是找

出B指代的是什么。而這一點(diǎn)

恰恰是本句理解的難點(diǎn)B指的是“theirbestandbrightest”

翻譯為“他們中最優(yōu)秀、最

聰明的（群體）”。

2）第一段第二句話關(guān)鍵在于對兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句的理解。第

一個(gè)that從句作定語

從修飾workers,第二個(gè)that作定語修飾rules。這里是考

研英語中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)：

17/20

句的嵌套。對于這樣的句子我們的關(guān)鍵在于準(zhǔn)確找到先行詞，

根據(jù)一個(gè)句子如果有N個(gè)連詞

就必定有N+1個(gè)動詞的原則來切分開長句。

3)“braindrain"這個(gè)詞組是在報(bào)刊雜志中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的，意思

是“人才流失”。這

個(gè)詞語通過上下文邏輯應(yīng)該能大概猜出它的意思，但是在考研

考場上，尤其是在完成了閱讀和作文后很多同學(xué)可能已經(jīng)耗費(fèi)

了大量的體力和腦力，對于這個(gè)單詞的猜測可能會很費(fèi)力，甚至

會放棄。這個(gè)說明我們再平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)該注意積累這樣的

熱點(diǎn)詞匯。

4)“Theyfearthatithurtstheireconomies,deprivingthemof

much-needed

skilledworkerswho”

對于這個(gè)句子的理解關(guān)鍵在于對于“depriving”之后成分在句

子結(jié)構(gòu)中作用的理解。

Deprive本意是剝奪，在這里很顯然不適合直譯。我們根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系

可以翻譯為“技工的流

失”?！癱lever”這個(gè)單詞很簡單，同學(xué)們都認(rèn)識，在這里翻譯

為“聰明的”很顯然說不通，

clever除了“聰明的”還有“精巧”之意，再結(jié)合這里說的是技術(shù)工

人的重要性，我們可

以翻譯為“智能的”

SectionIVWriting

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