考研作文攻略

第五部分2011年考研作文攻略

字體：大中小打?。菏〖埌?gt;>清晰版>>自定義>>

行距：?jiǎn)伪?.2單倍1.5倍1.7倍2倍字體：大中小隱藏：答疑編號(hào)手

寫(xiě)板

【“十二字”總體策略：“明”特點(diǎn)、“熟”套路、“背”經(jīng)典、“多”練習(xí)】

一、“明”特點(diǎn)——準(zhǔn)確把握考研作文命題特點(diǎn)：

1.考查內(nèi)容：

【英語(yǔ)（一）大綱要求】

考生應(yīng)能寫(xiě)不同類(lèi)型的應(yīng)用文，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、摘要、報(bào)告等，以及一

般描述性、敘述性、說(shuō)明性或議論性的文章。寫(xiě)作時(shí)考生應(yīng)能：

1）做到語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確，用詞恰當(dāng)。

2）遵循文章的特定文體格式。

3）合理組織文章結(jié)構(gòu)，使其內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一、連貫。

4）根據(jù)寫(xiě)作目的和特定讀者，恰當(dāng)選用語(yǔ)域。（在書(shū)面或口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中根據(jù)不同的交際對(duì)

象，所采用的話語(yǔ)方式，即正式、一般和非正式的話語(yǔ)）

【英語(yǔ)（二）大綱要求】

考生應(yīng)能根據(jù)所給的提綱、情景或要求完成相應(yīng)的短文寫(xiě)作。短文應(yīng)中心思想明確、切

中題意、結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、條理清楚、用詞恰當(dāng)、無(wú)明顯語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。

2.命題形式：

【英語(yǔ)（一）大綱要求】

考研英語(yǔ)作文部分由A、B兩節(jié)組成，主要考查考生的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。總分30分。

A節(jié)：題型有兩種，每次考試選擇其中的一種形式。

1）考生根據(jù)所給情景寫(xiě)出約100詞（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人

和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。

2）要求考生根據(jù)所提供的漢語(yǔ)文章，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出一篇約80-100詞的文章摘要。

【英語(yǔ)（二）大綱要求】

考研英語(yǔ)作文部分由A、B兩節(jié)組成，主要考查考生的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力?？偡?5分。

A節(jié)：題型有兩種，每次考試選擇其中的一種形式。

1）考生根據(jù)所給情景寫(xiě)出約100詞（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人

和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。

2）要求考生根據(jù)所提供的漢語(yǔ)文章，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出一篇約80-100詞的該文摘要。

小作文真題解析

[09年真題】

51.Directions:

Restrictionsontheuseofplasticbagshavenotbeensosuccessfulinsomeregions.uWhite

pollution“isstillgoingon.Writealettertotheeditor（s）ofyourlocalnewspaperto

1）giveyouropinionsbrieflyand

2）maketwoorthreesuggestions

Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use

“LiMing“instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)

[08年真題】

51.Directions:

YouhavejustcomebackfromCanadaandfoundamusicCDinyourluggagethatyouforgot

toreturntoBob,yourlandlordthere.Writehimaletterto

1)makeanapology,and

2)suggestasolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

【07年真題】

51.Directions:

Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsforimprovingitsservice.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

[06年真題】

51.Directions：

YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.

Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshould

specifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.

Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

L05年真題】

51.Directions:

TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnow

youfindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.

Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing“instead.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)

【10年真題】

51.Directions:

YouaresupposedtowriteforthePostgraduatesJAssociationanoticetorecruitvolunteers

fbraninternationalconferenceonglobalizationoThenoticeshouldincludethebasicqualifications

ofapplicantsandtheotherinformationyouthinkisrelevant.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameat

theendofthenotice.Use“Postgraduates,Association“instead.(10points)

特點(diǎn)：一般給出作文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，要求考生圍繞內(nèi)容提示構(gòu)建短文主體內(nèi)容；以書(shū)信形式

為主，可能涉及求職信、辭職信、建議信、道歉信、投訴信、邀請(qǐng)信和感謝信等具體類(lèi)型。

摘要應(yīng)對(duì)策略：包含所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；注意格式、語(yǔ)域要求；表意明確即可，避免復(fù)雜華

麗的文采修飾。

【英語(yǔ)(一)大綱要求】

B節(jié)：考生根據(jù)提示信息寫(xiě)出一篇160~200詞的短文(標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi))。提示信

息的形式有主題句、寫(xiě)作提綱、規(guī)定情景、圖、表等。

【英語(yǔ)(二)大綱要求】

B節(jié)：要求考生根據(jù)所規(guī)定的情景或給出的提綱，寫(xiě)出一篇150詞以上的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明文或

議論文。提供情景的形式為圖畫(huà)、圖表或文字。

特點(diǎn)：在選題上，通常貼近生活，一方面是帶有哲理性的永恒話題；另一方面是目前人

們最為關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，亦即當(dāng)前熱門(mén)話題。但總體上講，所涉及的寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容均屬大多數(shù)考生所

熟悉之話題，因而便于取材，具有一定的可寫(xiě)性。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，主要涉及教育、職業(yè)道德、身

體健康、家庭關(guān)系、環(huán)境保護(hù)、人口增長(zhǎng)以及文化交流等話題。就體裁而言，以論說(shuō)文為主，

因?yàn)檫@類(lèi)體裁形式在實(shí)際學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中使用的頻率較高。就具體的命題形式而言，可

分為：主題句作文、標(biāo)題作文、提綱作文、圖畫(huà)(表)作文、規(guī)定情景式作文等。

大作文真題解析：

【10年真題】

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

[09年真題】

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSHWERSHEET2.(20points)

【08年真題】

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

[07年真題】

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen

3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

[06年真題】

52.Directions:

Studythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1.describethephotosbriefly,

2.interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,and

3.giveyourpointofview.

Youshouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.（20points）

[05年真題】

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

firstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyourcommentonit.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.（20points）

[04年真題】

66.Directions:

Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1）describethedrawing,

2）interpretitsmeaning,and

3）supportyourviewwithexamples.

Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.（20points）

總體應(yīng)對(duì)策略：課下注意關(guān)注相關(guān)重點(diǎn)話題；熟練掌握?qǐng)D畫(huà)作文的寫(xiě)作模式及步驟。

二、“熟”套路：

作文評(píng)分原則和方法

1）一般評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于A、B兩節(jié)。但根據(jù)兩節(jié)不同的考查要點(diǎn)，評(píng)分時(shí)會(huì)有不同的

側(cè)重點(diǎn)

第五檔：A節(jié)（9-10分；B節(jié)（17-20分）/（英語(yǔ)二13-15分）

很好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)

1）包含所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)

2）使用了豐富的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯

3）語(yǔ)言自然流暢，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤極少

4）有效地采用了多種銜接手段，文字連貫，層次清晰

5）格式與語(yǔ)域恰當(dāng)貼切

對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者完全產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果

第四檔：A節(jié)（7-8分）；B節(jié)（13-16分）/（英語(yǔ)二10-12分）

較好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)

1）包含所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，允許漏掉一兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn)

2）使用了較豐富的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯

3）語(yǔ)言基本準(zhǔn)確，只有在試圖使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯時(shí)才有個(gè)別錯(cuò)誤

4）采用了適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址?，層次清晰，組織較嚴(yán)密。

5）格式與語(yǔ)域較恰當(dāng)

對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果

第三檔：A節(jié)（5-6分）；B節(jié)（9-12分）/（英語(yǔ)二7-9分）

基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)

雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容,但包含多數(shù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)

應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求

有一些語(yǔ)法及詞匯錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解

采用了簡(jiǎn)單的銜接手法，內(nèi)容較連貫，層次較清晰

格式和語(yǔ)域基本合理

對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者基本產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果

第二檔：A節(jié)（3-4分）；B節(jié)（5-8分）/（英語(yǔ)二4-6分）

第一檔：A節(jié)（1-2分）；B節(jié)（1-4分）/（英語(yǔ)二1-3分）

零檔：所傳達(dá)的信息或所用語(yǔ)言太少，無(wú)法評(píng)價(jià)：內(nèi)容與要求無(wú)關(guān)或無(wú)法辨認(rèn)。

A節(jié)：本部分評(píng)分的重點(diǎn)在于信息表達(dá)的全面、準(zhǔn)確、適當(dāng)。主要包括信息點(diǎn)的覆蓋

是否全面，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)和格式是否正確，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)域是否恰當(dāng)?shù)确矫妗?duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)

構(gòu)利詞匯多樣性的要求將根據(jù)試題的具體情況作出相應(yīng)規(guī)定。

B節(jié)：本部分的評(píng)分重點(diǎn)在于內(nèi)容的完整性、文章的組織連貫性、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的

多樣性以及語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性。

2）評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)給分。

評(píng)分人員在檔內(nèi)有1-3分的調(diào)節(jié)分。

3）文章長(zhǎng)度不符合要求的，酌情扣分。

4）拼寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是反映語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面。

5）如書(shū)寫(xiě)較差，以致影響讀者理解，分?jǐn)?shù)將降低一個(gè)檔次。

1.遣詞造句的基本策略：

a）在用詞上，首先，選詞要準(zhǔn)確，詞能達(dá)意，符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣.在此基礎(chǔ)上，要盡

量做到用詞豐富，避免多次重復(fù)同一詞匯，可考慮適當(dāng)使用代詞、同義詞及近義詞等，從而

使表達(dá)形式多樣化。

準(zhǔn)確用詞（書(shū)面語(yǔ)）：A.拼寫(xiě)B(tài).詞義C.詞性D.搭配

Inwriting,theproperuseofaword=A+B+C+D

Iconsiderthatyouarethebestteacherinmystudylife.Neitheryouhaveextensive

knowledgenoryouarefriendlytostudents.

Iconsiderthatyouarethebestteacherinmystudylife.Ononehand,youhaveextensive

knowledge;ontheotherhand,youarekindtostudents.

Iwouldstudyhardly.Iwouldstudyhard.

Iheadache,shetookthemedicineforme.

Ihadaheadache,andshegotthemedicineforme.

Hetaughtmeforthreeyears,hisblackhairdisappearance.

Hetaughtmeforthreeyears,andhisblackhairdisappeared.

Thankstothevariousofweather,Ihadacold.

Thankstothechangeableweather,Ihadacold.

Teacherlikenoodle.Teachersarelikecandles.

Myteacherlikesmymomverymuch.Myteacherislikemymomverymuch.

Theteacherlikecandleandburnstudent.

Ateacherisjustlikeacandle,whichburnsitselfandgivesofflighttopeople.

Alargenumberofwater…alargeamountofwater

Hecost$10onthatbook.Hespent$10onthatbook./Thebookcosthim$10.

Ihadahighcold.Ihadabadcold.

Youdidnotrememberyourbody.Younevercaredaboutyourownhealth.

Shehasabadbody.Sheisinbadhealth.

Sheoftenreachedmyhome.Sheoftencametomyhome.

Oneshouldbeselectiveinreadingbecausesomebooksareyellowbooks.

Oneshouldbeselectiveinreadingbecausesomebooksarebadbooks/domuchharmto

theirreaders.

Thechengjioflastyearwasmuchgood…

Imadealotofprogresslastyearwiththehelpofmyteacher.

巧用詞匯：

Mostyoungpeoplelikepopsongs.

Mostyoungpeopleenjoypopmusic.

Mostyoungpeoplearefondofpopmusic.

Mostyoungpeopleareinterestedinpopmusic.

Mostyoungpeopletake/have/showmuchinterestinpopmusic.

Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,it'sbecomingmoreandmorenecessarythatacollege

student（should）learnEnglishwell.

Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,it'sbecomingincreasinglynecessarythatacollege

student

Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofkeepingfit.

Nowadays,agrowingnumberofpeople/anincreasingnumberofpeople........

Nowadays,peopleingrowing/increasingnumbers.......

b）在句子的寫(xiě)作方面，首先要確保語(yǔ)法正確，句子的意義與結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思連貫，邏

輯合理，同時(shí)符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。其次，要做到句式句型靈活多樣，長(zhǎng)短句搭配協(xié)調(diào)，并適

當(dāng)采用倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)等特殊句型，同時(shí)要注意盡量使用自己熟悉和有把握的句型。

清晰的句子結(jié)構(gòu)意識(shí)：

Don'tyouremembertheIsay,youlisten.

Don'tyourememberthe….Ifyoudon't,justlistentomenow./1J11tellyounow.

Whenyourinlovewithabeautifulwomanisveryhard.

Itisnotaneasythingtoloveabeautifulwoman.

rmverysad,eventhethoughtthatkillmyselfwascomeout.

IwassosadthatIevenwantedtokillmyself.

SimpleSentence（簡(jiǎn)單句）：

（1）S+V主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）

（S=subject;V=verb;O=object）

（2）S+V+O主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語(yǔ)

（3）S+V+O+C主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)

（4）S+V+C主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）+主補(bǔ)

（5）S+linkV.+P主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+春吾（linkverb=系動(dòng)詞；P=predicative=表語(yǔ)）

Bushwonhiselection.

l.Bushwonhiselection,becauseheheldapositiononmoralissuewhichunderscoresthe

importanceofthechurch'seffortstoprotecttraditionalvaluesregardingthefamilyandlife.［原

因］

2.AlthoughtheIraqwarhasbeenadisaster,andBush'selitistdomesticagendaisunpopular

withvoters,Bushwonhiselectionanyway.［讓步］

3.Bushwonhiselection,sothatheplungedU.S.intofurtherthreatofterrorism.［結(jié)果］

4.AshasbeenexpectedbythehundredsofRepublicansupporterswhogatheredtwoblocks

fromtheWhiteHouseafteralongnightofpollwatchinganduncertainty,Bushwonhiselection.

［情景］

CoordinateSentence(并列句)：

(1),and/but/while/whereas/so/for..........................................

(2).......................................................................................

(3);moreover/however/therefore,.....................................

Hehadbeeninthebusinessforsometime;hewasregardedasthebestcandidateforthe

position.

Hehadbeeninthebusinessforsometime,and/sohewasregardedasthebestcandidatefor

theposition.

Hehadbeeninthebusinessforsometime;therefore,hewasregardedasthebestcandidate

fortheposition.

ComplexSentence(主從復(fù)合句)：

(1)adverbialclause(狀語(yǔ)從句)

a)時(shí)間：when,while,as,before,(soon/shortly)after,since,assoonas(themoment

that),bythetime(when)

Shehadjustfallenasleepwhensomeknocksatthedoorwokeherup.

Theplanehadtakenoffbythetimewearrivedattheairport.

Shewenttoseeherparentsassoonas/themomentthatshereturnedtoBeijing.

Hehasbeenworkingveryhard(ever)sinceheenteredthatschool.

b)原因：because,since,as

Hefailedinthefinalexambecausehedidn,tprepareforitatall.

Since/Ashehadnointerestinit,herefusedtheoffer.

c)條件：if,aslongas,onconditionsthat,once,or/otherwise,unless

Whatshallwedoifherefusestohelpus?

IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakethejob.

You'11suremakeitaslongasyoudoyourbest.

I'11letyouknowaboutitonconditionsthatyoujustkeepitasecret.

Youhavetodecideonitnow,or/otherwiseit，11betoolate.

Oncetheenvironmenthasbeendestroyed,ittakesmanyyearsforthesystemtorecover.

Theproblemswon'tberesolvedunlesssomemoreeffectivestepsaretaken.

d)讓步：although,though,evenif/though,nomatter+wh-words,as,whether

NomatterwhatIsaid,hejustwouldn,tbelieveme.

You'11havetofaceitonedaywhetheryoulikeitornot.

Althoughhetriedhisbest,hestillcouldn,tmakeit.

Hewon'tdoitevenifyoupromiseabigreward.

Childasheis,hebehavesmuchlikeanadult.

e)目的：sothat,inorderthat

Hegotupveryearlythatmorningso/inorderthathecouldcatchthefirstcoachtoBoston.

f結(jié)果：so…that…

Hegotupsolatethatmorningthathemissedthefirstcoachtothecity.

g比較：

Heisolderthanmostofhisclassmates（are）.

h）地點(diǎn)：

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

i）方式：

Hedideverythingashewastold.

（2）attributiveclause（定語(yǔ)從句）:that,which,who,whom,when,where,why

Onlythosewho/thatarenotafraidofdifficultyhavethechancetoachievesuccessintheir

careers.

Thebook（that/which）hewrotealmosttenyearsagoisstillpopularwithmanyyoung

people.

Istillrememberclearlythedayswhenweworkedtogether.

Thisistheschoolwhere/inwhichIspentmychildhood.

Thereasonwhy/thatheleftisstillunknown.

Today,thepublicismuchconcernedaboutthewaythat/inwhichnatureisbeingdestroyed.

Twomen,neitherofwhomIhadseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.

Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnew-bornbabiesinthatregion,theresultof

whichwasshocking.

（3）nominalclause（名詞性從句）：that;wh-words

a）主語(yǔ)從句：

l.ItisimportantthatacollegestudentlearnEnglishwell.

2.1tisestimatedthattheearthquakehasclaimedmorethan200people,slivessofa匚

3.Whathehaddonemadeusallveryfurious.

4.Whyhedidthatremainsamystery.

b）賓語(yǔ)從句：

l.Hepromisedthathewouldreturnthebookassoonaspossible.

2.Hesuggestedthatwegotherebytrainratherthanbyplane.

c）表語(yǔ)從句：

Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathesuddenlyfellill.

d）同位語(yǔ)從句：

1.Aftersomeinvestigation,theycametotheconclusionthathewasthesuspecttheyhadbeen

lookingfor.

2.Weareallforyourproposalthatthemeetingbeputoff.

【句式巧轉(zhuǎn)換】

Therearemanywaysforcollegestudentstogetto.......

Therearemanywaysinwhichacollegestudentcangetto.......

Collegestudentscangettoknowtheworldoutsidethecampusinvariouskindsof/many

ways.

Collegestudentscanfindvariouskindsof/manywaystogetto.......

Variouskindsof/Manywaysareavailableforcollegestudentstogetto.......

【范例】

Wecanimaginethebeautifulsurroundings.Therearemanytreesalongthestreets.Thereisa

cleanriverinthecity.Therearemanyfishesintheriver.Therearewillowtreesontheoneside.

Therearesomepiecesofgrasslandontheotherside.Therearemanyflowersonthem.

Justimaginethebeautifulsurroundingsifwemakeourcitiesgreener.Greentreeslinethe

streets.Acleanriverwindsthroughthecity,inwhichfishswimsfreely.Ontheonesidestand

rowsofwillowtrees;ontheothersideliesastretchofgrasslanddottedwithmanyyellowandred

flowers.

2.熟練掌握重點(diǎn)應(yīng)用文體的寫(xiě)作格式及規(guī)范(PartA:小作文)：

(1)概述：

A.大綱要求：應(yīng)能寫(xiě)不同類(lèi)型的應(yīng)用文(100字左右)，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、

摘要、報(bào)告等

B.重點(diǎn)命題形式：私人和公務(wù)信函、摘要、備忘錄

(2)信函寫(xiě)作策略：

A.熟練掌握英文書(shū)信格式、結(jié)構(gòu)特征及不同書(shū)信類(lèi)型的文體特征

B.熟練掌握和運(yùn)用不同書(shū)信類(lèi)型中的常用句型

C.多背范文，靈活運(yùn)用

a)英文書(shū)信格式布局：

信頭(heading)一信內(nèi)地址(insideaddress)f稱呼語(yǔ)(salutation)-主體(bodyof

letter)結(jié)束語(yǔ)(complimentaryclose)-*簽名(signature)-*附件(enclosure)f再啟

(postscript)

Sample:

September22,1986

DearMr.Johnson,

ThankyouforinvitingmetogivealecturetothebusinessstudentsatMarkhamCollegeon

uStressandtheWork-place”.Iamdelightedtobeabletocomplywithyourre-quest.

October12thisfinewithme,butatimeat12noonwouldbemoreconvenient.Asyouknow,

myfeeforthiskindoflectureis$35,000.Thisincludesbothmytravelandhotelexpenses.

SeptemberhasbeenabusymonthformewithlecturesatMcGill,Concordia,andthe

UniversityofMontreal.I'mlookingforwardtogettingtoTorontoinOctober,andinparticular

lecturingatyourschoolonthe12th.

Yours

truly,

(Signature)

Dr.

MatthewS.Walker

Encl.

P.S.

b)真題實(shí)例講解：

【08年】

Directions:YouhavejustcomebackfromCanadaandfoundamusicCDinyourluggage

thatyouforgottoreturntoBob,yourlandlordthere.Writehimaletterto

1)makeanapology,and

2)suggestasolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

Sample1:

January20,2008

DearBob,

rmwritingheretomakeanapologytoyou.

IborrowedfromyouamusicCDwhileIlivedinyourhouse.But,unfortunately,whenIwas

unpackingthismorning,Ifounditinmyluggage.Iwasinsuchahurrythat1forgottoreturnitto

you.r11senditbacktoyoubypostorexpressassoonaspossible.Ifnecessary,I'llcompensate

foranytroubleitmayhavecaused.

Onceagain,Ifeelsosorryforanyinconveniencecaused.Pleaseacceptmyapology.

Sincerelyyours,

LiMing

Sample2:

January20,2008

DearBob,

rmsorryaboutforgettingtoreturnthemusicCD,whichIborrowedfromyoulastweek.It

wascompletelymyfault.Iwassobusypreparingformyleavethatitmusthaveslippedmymind.

Tocompensateformycarelessness,Ihaveaskedoneofmyfriends,whoisgoingtoCanada

foravisitnextweek,tobringtheCDbacktoyou.Hewillcontactyouassoonashearrivesthere.

Again,Iwouldliketoapologizeforanyinconveniencethismayhavecausedyou.

Sincerely

yours,

LiMing

【07年】

Directions:Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsforimprovingits

service.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

Sample1:

January20,2007

DearSirorMadam,

rmastudentintheuniversityandIspendmuchofmyfreetimereadinginthelibrary.Vm

writingheretomakesomesuggestionsonhowtoimproveyourservice.

Ifindthatsomemagazinesinourlibraryareactuallyoutofdate.Itwillbemuchhelpfulif

theycouldbereplacedbynewonesintime.Also,somenewbooksandmagazinesshouldbe

introducedbecausestudentstendtoshowinterestinalargevarietyofsubjects.Furthermore,since

therearesomanybooksinthelibrary,thecurrentsearchingsystemneedstobeimprovedsothat

thestudentscouldfindthebookormagazinemoreeasily.

ThankyouforyourtimeandI'mlookingforwardtosomechangessoon.

Sincerelyyours,

LiMing

Sample2:

January20,2007

DearSirorMadam,

rmastudentoncampushereandafrequentvisitortothelibrary.I,mwritingtotellsomeof

myideas,whichIwishtobehelpfulforyou.

1noticethatsomemagazinesinourlibraryareactuallyoutofdate.Itwillbebeneficialtous

studentsalotifnewissuescouldbeshelvedintime.Also,itmayproveverynecessarythatsome

newjournalsandbooksbeintroduced,forstudentstendtoshowinterestinmoresubjectsthan

thosethey'relearning.Furthermore,sincethelibraryhasahugestorageofbooks,amoreefficient

searchingsystemmaywellhelpthestudentsfindtherightthinginashortertime.

ThankyouforyourtimeandI'mlookingforwardtosomechangessoon.

Sincerely

yours,

LiMing

【06年】

Directions:

YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.

Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshould

specifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.

Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

January20,2006

DearSirorMadam,

rmacollegegraduateworkingwithacomputercompany.Assomeonewhohasever

benefitedalotfromProjectHope,IwishtodosomethingfortheProject.Specificallyspeaking,I

wanttoofferfinancialassistancetoachildinaremotearea.Hence,Vmwritingthislettertoseek

foryourhelptorecommendapropercandidate.

Itispreferablethattwothingsaretakenintoconsiderationinpickingoutacandidate.First,

thechildshouldcomefromSichuanProvince,forIintendtohelpachildfrommyhometown.

Second,asIwanttooffermoreaidtothechild,itwillbebetterifheorsheattendsprimaryschool

now.

Myplanwillbecarriedoutasfollows.Ononehand,Iwillofferatleast2,000RMBincash

everyyearuntilheorshefinisheshisorherhighschooleducation.Ontheotherhand,I'11buy

himorhersomebooksfromtimetotime.

Yourprompthelpwouldbehighlyappreciated.AndIamlookingforwardtoyourreplyvery

soon.

Yours

sincerely,

LiMing

【05年】

Directions:

TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnow

youfindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.

Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing“instead.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)

Jun

22,2005

DearMr.Wang,

I,mwritingthislettertopresentmyresignation.I'mreallysorryfbrthisbecauseIdoknow

thatthiswilldefinitelybringmuchtroubletoyou,but,anyway,Ihavemyownreasonsforit.

Tobeginwith,havingworkedherefortwomonths,Iseemtofindthejobasaneditorisnot

suitableforme.What'smore,itkeepsmebusyalltheweeksothatIhavenotimetopreparefor

thedegreeIhavebeenpursuingformorethanthreeyears.Again,Iapologizetoyoufbrmy

resignation.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Sincerely

yours,

LiMing

c)重點(diǎn)書(shū)信類(lèi)型推薦：

A.LettersofApplicationforaJob(求職申請(qǐng)信)

1)見(jiàn)廣告后應(yīng)聘職位

Sample:

May16,2006

DearMr.Jones,

PleaseconsidermyapplicationforthepositionofComputerProgrammer,asadvertisedin

TheGlobeMailofMay14,2006.Asrequested,Iamenclosingacopyofmyresume.

Asyouwillseefrommyresume,Iamagraduateofthethree-yearComputerProgram

CourseatHumberCol-lege.Mythreesummersofexperienceasastudentprogram-merhave

givenmevariedandvaluableexperienceonseveralkindsofcomputers.AceComputershas

caughtmyattentionoverthepastfewmonthsasoneofthefastest-growingcompaniesinthefield.

Ireallydesiretojoinacompanywhichwillgivemevariedex-periencecoupledwithopportunities

foradvancement;thusIamparticularlyanxioustobeconsideredforthisposition.

IamavailabletostartanytimeafterJune1andIwouldbepleasedtocomeinforan

interviewatyourconvenience;youcanreachmeafter3:00p.m.at358-9853toarrangeanap-

pointment.Thankyouforyourconsideration.

Yourstruly,

(Signature)

JanetBaker

2)求職自我推薦信：

Jun.5,2005

DearMr.Goodwin,

WouldyourfirmbeinterestedinemployingakeengraduateofCentennialCollegewitha

diplomainAccounting?Iwillbegraduatinginafewweeks,andameagertofindachai-lenging

positionwhereIcanusemyaccountingandmanage-mentskills.

Asyouwillnotefrommyresume,Ihavehadtwosummers'experienceassummerreliefin

acharteredaccountant"s