2020-2021學(xué)年河南省周口市中英文高三上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題（解析版）

周口中英文2020-2021學(xué)年上期高三月考英語試題第二部分：閱讀理解第一節(jié)：（每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，從每篇短文后各個(gè)小題后所給的Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AIt's10:30pm,and11-year-oldBrandonBlancoissoundasleepathome.Suddenly,aloudnoisewakeshimup.Naturally,Brandonreachesforhiscellphone.Themessagebeesclear:"RUawake?"Brandon'suseoftechnologydoesn'tstopthere.Healsohasaputer,aTVandthreevideo-gameconsoles(控制臺)inhisroom.Withsomanychoices,it'snosurprisethatwhenheisn'tatschool,hespendsnearlyeverywakingminuteusingoneormoreofthesedevices.Brandonishardlyalone.AccordingtoarecentstudybytheKaiserFamilyFoundation,kidsaged8to18arespendingmoretimethaneverbeforeusingelectronicdevices.Howmuchtime?Morethansevenandahalfhoursadayonaverage,thestudyfound.Thejumpistheresultofahugeexplosioninmobiledevices,saysVictoriaRideout,theleadauthorofthestudy.Today,nearlysevenoutoftenkidshavecellphones.Justfiveyearsago,itwasfouroutoften.Often,kidsmultitask,orusemorethanonedeviceatatime."Ifyou’vegotachancetodosomethingonyourputerandtakeaphonecallandhavetheTVoninthebackground,whynot?"mediaexpertCherylOlsonsays.Mostexpertsagreetechnologyhasmuchtoofferkids.Butsomeworrythekidscouldbemissingoutonotheractivitieslikeplayingoutsideorhangingoutwithfriends."It'samatterofbalance,"saysOlson."You’vegottoworkonit."Multitaskingwhiledoinghomeworkisanotherconcern.Somekidslistentomusic,watchTVorusethephonewhiledoingtheirhomework."It'simportanttomakesurethatyoucanstopandconcentrateononethingdeeply,"saysRideout.Withnewandexcitingdeviceshittingstoreseveryyear,keepingtechnologyuseincheckismoreimportantthanever."Kidsshouldtry,"addsRideout."Butparentsmighthavetostepinsometimes."1.Whydochildrenspendmoretimeinusingelectronicdevices?A.Becauseelectronicdevicesaremoreexcitingthanbefore.B.Becausemoreelectronicdevicesareavailabletothem.C.Becausetheyhavelessotheractivities.D.Becausetheyhavelesshomeworktodo2.Itisknownfromthepassagethat____.A.BrandonBlancofeelsveryannoyedabouthislate-nighttextB.theteenagersusingmobiledeviceshaveincreasedby30%inthepastfiveyearsC.mostexpertsthinkteenagersshouldnotuseelectronicdevicesfortheirstudiesD.CherylOlsonisnotsurprisedaboutkids'increasinguseofmobiledevices3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofmultitaskingaccordingtothepassage?A.PlayingvideogamesontheInternet.B.Talkingonthephonewhilestayingwithothers.C.WatchingTVwhileusingtheputer.D.Listeningtomusicwhilerelaxing.4.Theunderlinedphrase"incheck"inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby"____".A.inorder B.incontrol C.instore D.insight【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了根據(jù)theKaiserFamilyFoundation的調(diào)查，在這個(gè)信息爆炸的時(shí)代，孩子們只要是醒著的，他們就會坐在電腦電視前，即使在做作業(yè)也都開著這些電器，他們出去活動的時(shí)間很少，連交朋友的時(shí)間都沒有了。因此有人提出有孩子的家長應(yīng)該花些時(shí)間來控制一下孩子?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thejumpistheresultofahugeexplosioninmobiledevices,saysVictoriaRideout,theleadauthorofthestudy.(這項(xiàng)研究的第一作者VictoriaRideout說，這一飛躍是移動設(shè)備大爆炸的結(jié)果。)”可知，孩子們花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間使用電子設(shè)備主要是因?yàn)檫@些高級設(shè)備的不斷涌現(xiàn)，即有更多的電子設(shè)備可供他們使用。故選B。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Ifyou’vegotachancetodosomethingonyourputerandtakeaphonecallandhavetheTVoninthebackground,whynot?"mediaexpertCherylOlsonsays.(媒體專家CherylOlson說:“如果你有機(jī)會一邊電腦上做事，一邊接，一邊還開著電視，為什么不呢?”)”可推斷，CherylOlson主張只要自己有條件，可以同時(shí)用電腦、、電視等設(shè)備，因此CherylOlson對于孩子們越來越多地使用移動設(shè)備并不感到驚訝。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Often,kidsmultitask,orusemorethanonedeviceatatime.(通常，孩子們會同時(shí)處理多個(gè)任務(wù)，或者一次使用多個(gè)設(shè)備。)”可推斷，同時(shí)使用幾個(gè)設(shè)備屬于多任務(wù)處理，因此用電腦同時(shí)看電視是多任務(wù)處理的一個(gè)例子。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上一段的“It'simportanttomakesurethatyoucanstopandconcentrateononethingdeeply,"saysRideout.(Rideout說:“重要的是要確保你能停下來，然后專注于一件事”。)”以及最后一段“Butparentsmighthavetostepinsometimes.”（但父母有時(shí)可能不得不介入。）可推斷使用電子設(shè)備應(yīng)該有分寸，適時(shí)停止，但電子設(shè)備的不斷推陳出新，極具誘惑力，有時(shí)候可能需要父母幫忙進(jìn)行電子設(shè)備使用的控制，故劃線句句意是：隨著每年都有令人興奮的新設(shè)備上市，控制科技的使用比以往任何時(shí)候都更加重要。劃線詞與incontrol“控制”意思相近。故選B。BItisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebeinghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbeefiercetigersbehindthewheel.Itisallrighttohaveatigerinacage,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headeddriversgreatpatiencetogiveupthedesiretobeatbackwhenforcedtofacerudedriving.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsreducingthepossibilityofquarrellingandfighting.Afriendlynodorawaveofthanksinanswertoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandcalmsonecessaryinmoderntrafficcondition.Butsuchbehaviorsofpolitenessarebynomeansenough.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhowavesachildcrossingthestreetatawrongplaceintothepathofoningcarsthatmaybenotabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheywantto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies(奶奶).Anexperienceddriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifdriverslearnttocorrectlyjoinintrafficstreamwithoutcausingtotalblockagesthatgiverisetounpleasantfeelings.Unfortunately,moderndriverscan’tevenlearntodrive.Yearsago,expertswarnedusthatthefastincreaseofthecarownershipwoulddemandmore

give-and-take

fromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.5.Accordingtothepassage,troubleontheroadareoftencausedby____________.A.roadconditions B.thespeedofmodernlifeC.thelargenumberofcar D.thebehaviorofthedrivers6.Inthewriter’sopinion,___________.A.driversshouldshowroadpolitenessproperlyB.stricttrafficrulesarebadlyneededC.unskillfuldriversshouldbepunishedD.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams7.Theunderlinedword“give-and-take”inthepassagemeans__________.A.politenessandimpoliteness B.willingnesstogiveintoeachother’swishesC.offeringhelptoothersasmuchaspossible D.goodmannersandbadmanners8.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.RoadPoliteness B.TrafficProblemsC.BadMannersontheRoad D.GoodDriversandBadDriver【答案】5.D6.A7.B8.A【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了道路行車的禮儀正變得越來越糟糕，并指出文明行車勢在必行。【5題詳解】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“butmannersontheroadarebeinghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbeefiercetigersbehindthewheel.”（道路行車禮儀變得越來越糟糕。一個(gè)好人，當(dāng)他手握方向盤開車的時(shí)候也可能會成為一只老虎）可知，很多道路上的麻煩都是由司機(jī)的不良行為引起的，故選D?！?題詳解】A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo”（道路上的禮貌不僅有禮貌的還是有意義的）及第三段第一句“However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous”（不合時(shí)宜的禮貌行為也會是危險(xiǎn)的）可知，作者認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該正確地表現(xiàn)出道路禮貌，故選A?！?題詳解】B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“itwouldhelpifdriverslearnttocorrectlyjoinintrafficstreamwithoutcausingtotalblockagesthatgiverisetounpleasantfeelings.Unfortunately,moderndriverscan’tevenlearntodrive.”（如果司機(jī)們學(xué)會正確地加入車流，而不造成完全的堵塞，從而引起不愉快的感覺，這將會有所幫助。不幸的是，現(xiàn)在的司機(jī)甚至不會開車）可知，此處是說專家告誡我們駕車要相互理解，相互尊重，要為對方考慮，要文明駕車，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“為對方考慮、考慮別人的意愿”，故選B?！?題詳解】A主旨大意題。文章第一段指出道路行車的禮儀正變得越來越糟糕，第二段第一句指出道路行車禮儀不僅僅是有禮貌的還是有意義的，接下來介紹了一些不恰當(dāng)?shù)淖龇?，最后提出文明行車勢在必行，文章通篇都圍繞“道路禮儀”這一話題展開，故A項(xiàng)為最佳答案。考點(diǎn)：考查社會現(xiàn)象類短文閱讀CClimatechange，pollution，overuseofwateranddevelopmentarekillingsomeoftheworld’smostfamousriversincludingChina’sYangtze．India’sGangesandAfrica’sNile．WWFsaidonTuesday．Atthegloballaunchofitsreport“World’sTop10RiversatRisk”，thegroupsaidmanyriverscoulddryout.affectinghundredsofmillionsofpeopleandkillinguniqueaquatic(水生的)life．“Iftheseriversdie，millionswilllosetheirlivelihoods，biodiversity(生物多樣性)willbedestroyedonamassivescale，therewillbelessfreshwaterandagriculture，resultinginlessfoodsecurity，”said．RayiSingh，secretary—generalofWWF—India．Thereport,launchedaheadof“WorldWaterDay”today，alsocitedtheRioGrandein．theUnitedStates，theMekongandIndusinAsia，Europe’sDanube,LaPlatainSouthAmericaandAustralia’sMurray—Darlingasinneedofgreaterprotection．Riversaretheworld’smainsourceoffreshwaterandWWFsaysabouthalfoftheavailablesupplyisalreadybeingusedup．Damshavedestroyedhabitatsandcutriversofffromtheirfloodplains．whileclimatechangecouldaffecttheseasonalwaterflowsthatfeedthem，thereportsaid．Fishpopulations，thetopsourceofproteinandoveralllifesupportforhundredsofthousandsofmunitiesworldwide，arealsobeingthreatened,itfound．TheYangtzebasinisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworldbecauseofdecadesofheavyindustrialization，dammingandhugeinfluxes(流入)ofsediment(積淀)fromlandconversion.Climatechange，includinghighertemperatures，alsomeansseriousconsequencesforfisheryproductivity，watersupplyandpoliticalsecurityinAfrica’saridNilebasin．Tributaries(支流)flowingintotheGangesaredryingupbecauseofirrigation，WWFsaid．9.Wecaninferfromthetextthat_____.A.highertemperaturescouldn’taffectfisheryproductivityB.rivers’dyingoutcouldaffectfoodsecurityC.therearefourAsianriversmentionedinthepassageD.theYangtzeispollutedthankstothelackofenoughtributaries10.Thetop10riversarefastdyingasaresultofthefollowingEXCEPT_____.A.climatechange B.pollutionC.wastingwater D.dams11.WWFisprobablyanameof_____.A.amagazine B.anewspaperC.anorganization D.areport【答案】9.B10.C11.C【解析】本文為應(yīng)用說明文。你知道嗎，WWF組織列出了世界十大瀕臨危險(xiǎn)的河流，并簡單介紹了這種現(xiàn)象的原因。【9題詳解】推斷判斷題。由根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Iftheseriversdie，millionswilllosetheirlivelihoods，biodiversity(生物多樣性)willbedestroyedonamassivescale，therewillbelessfreshwaterandagriculture，resultinginlessfoodsecurity。可知：“如果這些河流死亡，數(shù)百萬人將失去他們的生計(jì)，生物多樣性將被大規(guī)模破壞，將會有更少的淡水和農(nóng)業(yè)，導(dǎo)致更少的糧食安全，”由此可推理判斷出：河流的滅絕可能會影響食物的安全，故正確答案為B項(xiàng)。10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章一開始就提到Climatechange，pollution。后文第三段又提到Damshavedestroyedhabitatsandcutriversofffromtheirfloodplains．因此沒提到的C項(xiàng)（wastingwater），故C項(xiàng)符合題意?！?1題詳解】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段WWFsaidonTuesday．Atthegloballaunchofitsreport“World’sTop10RiversatRisk”，thegroupsaidmanyriverscoulddryout,……由文章的內(nèi)容可推斷出：WWF是個(gè)group，即一個(gè)組織，WWF是世界野生動物保護(hù)基金組織的縮寫。故選C項(xiàng)。DTwentyyearsago,mostexpertsbelievedthatdifferencesinhowboysandgirlsbehavedweremainlyduetodifferencesinhowtheyweretreatedbytheirparents,teachers,andfriends.It’shardtoclingtothatbelieftoday.Recentresearchhasshownthattherearebiologicaldifferencesbetweenboysandgirls.Understandingthesedifferencesisimportantinraisingandeducatingchildren.Forexample,girlsarebornwithmoresensitivehearingthanboys,andthedifferenceincreasesaskidsgrowup.Sowhenagrownmanspeakstoagirlinwhathethinksisanormalvoice,shemayhearitasyelling.Conversely(反過來),boyswhoappeartobeinattentiveinclassmayjustbesittingtoofarawaytooheartheteacher.Likewise,girlsarebetterintheirexpressionoffeelings.Studiesrevealthatnegativeemotionsareseatedinanareaofthebraincalledtheamygdala.Girlsdevelopallearlyconnectionbetweenthisareaandthecerebralcortex(大腦皮層),enablingthemtotalkabouttheirfeelings.Inboystheselinksdeveloplater.Soifyouaskatroubledadolescentboytotellyouwhathisfeelingsare,heoftencannotsaymuch.Dr.Sax,anadvocateofsingle-sexeducation,pointsoutthatkeepingboysandgirlsseparateintheclassroomhasyieldedstrikingeducational,social,andinterpersonalbenefits.Therefore,parentsandteachersshouldtrytorecognize,understand,andmakeuseofthebiologicaldifferencesthatmakeagirlagirl,andaboyaboy.12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Boystendtopaylessattentioninclassthangirls.B.Girlsarebetterthanboysintheirabilitytodetectsounds.C.Single-sexschoolsarenotgoodbecausetheykeepboysandgirlsseparate.D.Boysandgirlsbehavedifferentlybecauseofbiologicaldifferences.13.Whydogirlsexpressnegativefeelingsbetterthanboys?A.Girlsaremoreemotionalthanboys.B.Thelinksbetweencertainpartsofthebraindevelopearlieringirlsthaninboys.C.Theamygdalaislocatedindifferentareasofthebrainforboysandgirls.D.Girlshavemorebraincellsthanboys.14.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorbelieve?A.Boysandgirlsshouldbeeducatedindifferentways.B.Girlsneedmoretraininginmunication.C.Parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontoboys.D.Sexdifferencesshouldbeignoredineducation。15.Whatdoesthephase“clingto”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.evaluate B.abandonC.maintain D.challenge【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【分析】專家原來認(rèn)為，男孩和女孩行為上的差異主要是因?yàn)樗麄兪艿礁改?、老師和朋友的不同對待。最近的研究表明這種觀點(diǎn)不正確。男孩和女孩之間本身存在生物學(xué)上的差異。了解他們之間的差異對于提高和教育兒童有著重要的意義?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Recentresearchhasshownthattherearebiologicaldifferencesbetweenboysandgirls.”，本句是主題句，意為“最近的研究表明男孩和女孩之間存在生物學(xué)上的差異。由此可知，可知本文的主題是男孩和女孩的行為不同是因?yàn)樯锊町?。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。”【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Girlsdevelopallearlyconnectionbetweenthisareaandthecerebralcortex(大腦皮層),enablingthemtotalkabouttheirfeelings.Inboystheselinksdeveloplater.”女孩子在這一區(qū)域與大腦皮層之間建立所有早期的聯(lián)系，使她們能夠談?wù)撟约旱母惺?。而在男孩中，這些聯(lián)系發(fā)展較晚。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)（女孩大腦中某些部位的聯(lián)系比男孩早），由此可知B項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Therefore,parentsandteachersshouldtrytorecognize,understand,andmakeuseofthebiologicaldifferencesthatmakeagirlagirl,andaboyaboy.”本句指的是“家長和老師應(yīng)該努力認(rèn)識、理解和利用女孩是女孩，男孩是男孩的生物學(xué)差異”?？煽闯鲈诮逃辛私庑詣e差異并因材施教很重要，分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。【15題詳解】詞義猜測題。文章第一段說二十多年前的專家認(rèn)為男孩和女孩行為上的差異主要是因?yàn)樗麄兪艿礁改?、老師和朋友的不同對待。而最近的研究表明男孩和女孩之間存在生物學(xué)上的差異。而下文敘述了最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和以前人們的觀點(diǎn)是不一致的，所以很難再“保持”舊有的觀點(diǎn)。分析以上的內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)短語是“保持”，即maintain.符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可分為一一對應(yīng)題、語言轉(zhuǎn)述題、語義理解題、是非辨別題及事實(shí)排序題。本文中的第2小題屬于語意理解型。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Girlsdevelopallearlyconnectionbetweenthisareaandthecerebralcortex(大腦皮層),enablingthemtotalkabouttheirfeelings.Inboystheselinksdeveloplater.”女孩子在這一區(qū)域與大腦皮層之間建立所有早期的聯(lián)系，使她們能夠談?wù)撟约旱母惺堋６谀泻⒅校@些聯(lián)系發(fā)展較晚。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)（女孩大腦中某些部位的聯(lián)系比男孩早），由此可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。解答此類“綜合”信息細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)，這是一類深層事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過上、下文來進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。，進(jìn)行綜合分析、歸納，切忌根據(jù)“一面之詞”草率地第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?____16____.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.※Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.____17____.※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavor.※___18___.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.※___19___.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意識地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.※Findingthehumorinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.Findawaytomakelightofasituationthatwouldotherwisemakeyouhappy.※Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.____20____A.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.B.Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.C.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood．D.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.E.It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.F.Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.G.Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.E20.C【解析】本文為應(yīng)用說明文。本文針對一個(gè)人應(yīng)該如何保持心情愉快的問題，給了七點(diǎn)具體的建議。【16題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?可知這是尋求幸福的人問的問題。分析選項(xiàng)F項(xiàng)（Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves）即“這些問題是任何渴望得到快樂的人必須面對的"符合題意，因此選F項(xiàng)符合題意?！?7題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的主題是Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople．"和快樂的人呆在一塊"．此空上文Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway．講"消極的人會讓我們感到不快樂"。所以這句是文章銜接題，此空應(yīng)該填"恰恰相反，和樂觀的人在一塊，你也會快樂"。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)（相反，如果你在快樂的人周圍，他們的情緒狀態(tài)會傳染）符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本題為小標(biāo)題選擇。從本段的后文看，本段講述"人應(yīng)該做一些具體讓自己快樂的事情"。所以本段的小標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是E項(xiàng)：Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy．"每天花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做一些讓自己快樂的事"，故G項(xiàng)符合題意。【19題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本小題為一段的小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)空后的”treatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance“可知每天花時(shí)間做一些讓自己心情好起來的事情。分析選項(xiàng)可知，G項(xiàng)（每天花點(diǎn)時(shí)間為做點(diǎn)對自己好的事也是很重要的）符合題意，選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本段的主題句是Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.可知“健康是使人快樂的另一種方式。能讓人的情緒好，因此不健康的事物會讓人情緒不好”。分析選項(xiàng)，可知故選項(xiàng)C（Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood），即”身體太胖或太瘦都會讓你不開心"符合題意，故選C。第三部分：英語知識應(yīng)用第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。paredwiththechildrenofafewdecadesback，today’schildrenseemtobe____21____：theyenjoybetterhealthowingtorecent____22____inmedicineandinpublichealthcare.Theyalsoenjoyallthe____23____ofmodernlife.Physicallyandmaterially.Today’schildrenseemtobemuchbetteroffthantheirpredecessors.Nevertheless，____24____theimprovedstandardsof______25______，manychildrennowadaysseemtobeemotionally___26___sincemostparentsarespendinglesstimewiththeirchildren，solittle，in___27___，thatmanycould____28____becalled‘weekendparents’.Anincreasingnumberofmothersaretakingfull-timejobs，____29____theirchildreninthecareofbaby-sittersornurseries.Timehasbeealuxuryfewparentscan___30___becauseofthepressuresoftheirworkandtheverybriskpaceoflifeinour___31___society.Ontheotherhand，theseworkingparentscanoftenwellaffordto____32____theirchildrenwiththebestfood,clothes，toysandother_____33_____desires.But_____34_____tosay,theyfailto____35____theemotionalrequirementsoftheirgrowingchildren.Asanotedpediatrician（兒科醫(yī)生）oftheMedicalandHealthDepartment____36____，childrenneedlove，security,praise,recognitionandresponsibility.Iftheseneedsarenot____37____，theirdevelopmentmightbestunted（抑制）.Childpsychologistsall____38____thatsomeillnessesandemotionaldisturbances___39___tochildrenarebecauseofalackofparentalcare.Inthelightofthis，parentswhoreally___40___theirchildrenshouldbesurethattherearegoodlinesofmunicationbetweenthemselvesandtheirchildren，despitetheirheavyworkloads.21.A.unhappier B.naughtier C.luckier D.richer22.A.inventions B.discoveries C.products D.advances23.A.facilities B.forts C.pleasure D.appliances24.A.dueto B.regarding C.inspiteof D.for25.A.housing B.caring C.living D.earning26.A.deprived B.poor C.faulty D.shallow27.A.general B.total C.fact D.truth28.A.wrongly B.rightly C.totally D.namely29.A.leaving B.entrusting C.lending D.making30.A.spend B.afford C.waste D.do31.A.passive B.active C.dangerous D.petitive32.A.buy B.offer C.provide D.give33.A.emotional B.material C.physical D.intellectual34.A.happy B.sad C.lucky D.unfortunate35.A.show B.feel C.create D.satisfy36.A.explains B.talks C.speaks D.says37.A.made B.taken C.done D.met38.A.argue B.tell C.admit D.disagree39.A.popular B.mon C.ordinary D.pubic40.A.lookafter B.bringup C.agreewith D.careabout【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.C26.A27.C28.B29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.B35.D36.A37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】本文為夾敘夾議文。與幾十年前相比，如今的孩子能享受更好的醫(yī)療保障，享受更多現(xiàn)代生活帶來的舒適。但他們似乎有好多東西被剝奪了。隨著工作壓力的增大，父母待在孩子身邊似乎成為一種奢侈。作者呼吁父母應(yīng)當(dāng)更多地與孩子在一起，以滿足孩子的情感需求?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。unhappier不快樂的；naughtier調(diào)皮的；luckier幸運(yùn)的；richer富有的。由后文的enjoybetterhealth…可知現(xiàn)在的孩子似乎更幸運(yùn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。inventions發(fā)明；discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)；products產(chǎn)品；advances增長，進(jìn)步。Advances可根據(jù)其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。該句意思為“由于最近的醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步和公共衛(wèi)生保健，他們享有更好的健康”，可知D項(xiàng)符合題意?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。facilities設(shè)備；forts使生活舒適的事物，舒適；pleasure愉悅；appliances器具，器械。根據(jù)語境可知“他們也享受現(xiàn)代生活的舒適”，所以用forts指的“使生活舒適的事物”符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：dueto由于；regarding關(guān)于；inspiteof盡管；for因?yàn)?。根?jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，前后兩句之間為讓步關(guān)系，因此選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動名詞辨析。housing住房；caring關(guān)愛；living生活；earning生計(jì)，掙錢。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知是“生活水平提高了”，因此用standardsofliving，故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：然而，盡管生活水平提高了，現(xiàn)在許多孩子似乎在情感上被剝奪了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)父母花在孩子身上的時(shí)間減少了。deprived被剝奪的；poor窮的；.faulty有錯(cuò)誤的，有過失的；shallow膚淺的，表面的。由上半句“因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)父母花在孩子身上的時(shí)間減少了”可推斷出，現(xiàn)在許多孩子似乎在情感上被剝奪了。其它選項(xiàng)不符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。ingeneral一般地；intotal總計(jì)；infact事實(shí)上；intruth真實(shí)地，實(shí)在。此處進(jìn)一步說明父母與孩子在一起的時(shí)間少了，少到可將父母稱之為“周末父母”，所以用infact來強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說的父母陪伴孩子的時(shí)間少的可憐的事實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查副詞辨析。wrongly錯(cuò)誤地，不正確地；rightly正確地；totally完全地；namely即，也就是。說明將父母稱為“周末父母”很恰當(dāng)，很準(zhǔn)確。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞辨析。leaving離開，剩下；entrusting委托，托付；lending借出；making制造。句中的“inthecareofbaby-sittersornurseries．”可知是將孩子留給他人照顧，所以用leaving，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。spend花費(fèi)；afford負(fù)擔(dān)的起；waste浪費(fèi)；do做。根據(jù)前面的aluxury可推測出本空應(yīng)為afford,意為“時(shí)間成了極少數(shù)父母能負(fù)擔(dān)和起的奢侈品”，故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。passive被動的；active積極的，主動的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；petitive競爭的，比賽的，有競爭力。根據(jù)前面的“becauseofthepressuresoftheirworkandtheverybriskpaceoflife”可推斷出我們處于一個(gè)競爭非常激烈的社會。所以選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查固定搭配。providesb.withsth.為固定搭配，意為“提供/供給某人某物”，其它選項(xiàng)后要接雙賓語，不符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。emotional情感的；material物質(zhì)的，重要的，肉體的；physical身體的，物質(zhì)的；intellectual智力的，有才智的。由前面提到的food,clothes,toys可知這些同屬于物質(zhì)的范疇，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。happy快樂的；sad悲傷的；lucky幸運(yùn)的；unfortunate不幸的。根據(jù)上下文的語境可知，sad與后面的failto…正好呼應(yīng)，表示悲哀的心情，故選B項(xiàng)。35題詳解】考查固定搭配。satisfytherequirements為固定搭配，意為“滿足要求”。由后面的requirements，可知用satisfy。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。explains解釋，說明；talks會談，談話，為不及物的；speaks講話，一般指講的語言；says說話的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)上下文的語境可知，是對以上問題的解釋?？芍湟鉃椋赫缫晃恢膬嚎漆t(yī)生所解釋的，兒童需要愛、安全、表揚(yáng)、認(rèn)可和責(zé)任。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查固定搭配。meettheneed為固定搭配，意為“滿足需要”。本句之意為“他們的需要得不到滿足，他們的發(fā)展就可能會受到抑制”，meet為“滿足”，因此D項(xiàng)符合題意，選D項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：兒童心理學(xué)家都承認(rèn)，兒童常見的一些疾病和情緒障礙是由于缺乏父母的照顧。argue爭論，爭吵；tell講，告訴；admit承認(rèn)；disagree反對。由上文可知，即他們都承認(rèn),也就是說心理醫(yī)生的意見與此是一致的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：兒童心理學(xué)家都承認(rèn)，兒童常見的一些疾病和情緒障礙是由于缺乏父母的照顧。popular流行的；mon常見的，共同的；ordinary普通的；pubic公共的。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。lookafter照顧；bringup撫養(yǎng)；agreewith同意；careabout擔(dān)心，在乎，關(guān)心。根據(jù)醫(yī)生所說的，真的關(guān)心孩子的父母應(yīng)該保證與孩子之間的有良好的交流，，無論工作有多忙，都要與孩子溝通。分析選項(xiàng)可知，選D項(xiàng)第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）Lastweek,ourclasswas___41___dutyinthecafeteriaforstudentself-management.Onthefirstday,I___42___(shock)toseesomuchleftoverfoodthrownawaybystudents.Whatawaste!Beingconcernedaboutit,myclassmatesandIhada___43___heat)discussiononhow___44___solve)theproblem.Lotsofgoodideascameup,suchasholdingclassmeetings,puttingupwallnewspapersandchargingafineforwastingfood.Finally,weallagreedthatwallnewspaperwouldbe___45___good)choice.Thenextday,weputourideaintoreality.Towardslunchtime,weputupawallnewspaperoutsidetheschoolcafeteria,___46___call)onstudentsnottowastefood.Manystudentsgatheredaroundtoreadand___47___express)theirsupport.Tomygreatdelight,therewerechangessoon.Inthecafeteria,Ifoundthetraysreturnedafterlunchallempty___48___anyleftover.Food___49___save)andthedininghallwascleaner.Seeingthis,Ifeltrelievedandproudof____50____wehaddone.【答案】41.on42.wasshocked43.heated44.tosolve45.thebest46.calling47.expressed48.without49.wassaved50.what【解析】這是一篇記敘文，短文敘述了上周，作者所在班級在自助餐廳日，進(jìn)行學(xué)生的自我管理，發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多浪費(fèi)食物的現(xiàn)象，同學(xué)們對解決此問題進(jìn)行了討論，一直認(rèn)為壁報(bào)宣傳是最好的方法，第二天同學(xué)們付諸于實(shí)踐，發(fā)現(xiàn)午餐后歸還的托盤都是空的，沒有任何剩余。食堂變得干凈了，同學(xué)們位自己所做的感到欣慰和自豪?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。onduty“值勤，值班”為固定短語。故填on?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。分子句子可知，本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，且句子為一般過去時(shí)，beshockedtodosth“對做某事感到震驚”。故填wasshocked?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。discussion為名詞,形容詞heated修飾名詞，故填heated。【44題詳解】考查動詞不定式?！耙蓡栐~+動詞不定式”作on的賓語。故填tosolve?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意“壁報(bào)宣傳是最好的方法”可知，空處填最高級。故填thebest。【46題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，we與call在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填calling?！?7題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子，空處為謂語動詞，本句為一般過去時(shí)。故填expressed。48題詳解】考查介詞。根據(jù)句意“在自助餐廳，我發(fā)現(xiàn)午飯后托盤都空了，沒剩下殘羹冷炙”，所有空處應(yīng)該填介詞without。故填without?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子可知，本句為一般過去時(shí)，主語food與謂語save是被動關(guān)系。故填wassaved?！?0題詳解】考查連接詞。of為介詞后接賓語從句，從句中done缺少賓語，所以連接詞為what。故填what。第二卷：非選擇題（共３５分）第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：短文改錯(cuò)（每小題１分，共１０分）51.假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(/\),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞:2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Lastsummervacationwasmymostpleasantone.MyparentsandIhadmadeatourtoXi’an.Insteadofhavingatravelagencyarrangingourtransportationandacmodation,webookedthetrainticketsandhotelroomsontheInternetbyus.DuringourtourinXi’an,wewenttomanyplacesofinterestsandtooklotsofphotos,learnedaboutthehistoryofXi’an.NotouristswouldmissthelocalfoodinXi’an,sowouldwe.Weenjoyedthetypicallocalfood,ittastedmoredeliciousthanwehadexpected.HardlyhadIreturnedthanIsharedthephotosandexperiencesformyclassmates.ThetriptoXi’anhasbeensuchhappymemorytomethatIwillneverforgetit.【答案】1.去掉had2.arranging改為arrange3.us改為erests改為interest5.learned改為learning6.so改為neither或nor7.it改為which或在it前加and8.than改為when9.for改為with10.happy前加a【解析】【詳解】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了去年夏天和父母去西安旅游的經(jīng)歷和收獲。1.考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Lastsummer可知此處敘述過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時(shí)即可，不用過去完成時(shí)。故去掉I后的had。2.考查動詞形式。表示讓某人做某事用havesb.dosth.此處指讓旅行社安排我們的交通和住宿，故arranging—arrange。3.考查代詞。此處指我們自己在網(wǎng)上定了火車票和旅館，句中主語和賓語一致都是我們，用反身代詞。故us—ourselves。4.考查名詞。placeofinterest“名勝古跡”，復(fù)數(shù)形式是place用復(fù)數(shù)，interest不變。故interests