2021年翻譯碩士（MTI）《211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)》閱讀理解高分特訓(xùn)100篇

目錄

第I章閱讀理解技巧指南4

1.1大綱要求和試題類型..4

1.2解題技巧指南4

第2章閱讀理解高分特訓(xùn)10()篇7

2.1多項(xiàng)選擇7

?文學(xué)傳記類7

?商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)類25

?教育文化類5()

?科普科研類69

?社會(huì)生活類88

2.2同答問題110

?文學(xué)傳記類110

?商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)類115

?教育文化類120

?科普科研類128

?社會(huì)生活類139

第閱讀理解技巧指南

1.1大綱要求和試題類型

全國(guó)翻譯碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位教行指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)根據(jù)《今日制翻譯碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生指導(dǎo)性培養(yǎng)方案》以及培養(yǎng)高

層次、應(yīng)用型、專業(yè)性n筆譯人才的教育目標(biāo)，制定f全日制翻洋碩1：專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試大綱,其中.《翻

譯碩士英語(yǔ)》考試大綱對(duì)閱讀理解部分的具體要求如卜.：

1.考核要求

D能讀慵常見外刊上的專題文章、歷史傳記及文學(xué)作品等各種文體的文章，既能理解其主旨和大意，乂能

分辨出其中的承實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，并能理解H中的觀點(diǎn)和隱含意義.

2）能根據(jù)閱讀時(shí)間要求調(diào)整白己的閱讀速度.

2.試題類型

1）多項(xiàng)選擇題（包括信息咻實(shí)性閱讀題和觀點(diǎn)評(píng)判性閱讀題）：

2）簡(jiǎn)答題（要求根據(jù)所閱讀的文章,用3-5行字?jǐn)?shù)的有限篇幅扼要㈣答問題,重點(diǎn)考查閱諛綜述能力）.

本部分強(qiáng)材廣泛，體裁笠樣.選材體現(xiàn)時(shí)代性、實(shí)用性：重點(diǎn)考性通過閱讀獲取信息和理解觀點(diǎn)的能力；對(duì)

閱讀速度有一定要求》

通過分析各大院?！斗g碩士英語(yǔ)》考研真題可知,閱讀理解的出趣形式主要為四至五篇文章，其中一至兩

篇為簡(jiǎn)答題,其他文章為多項(xiàng)選擇題，一般多項(xiàng)選擇題每題2分，荷答題母題2至4分.由于《翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)》

由各招生單位自主命題,閱讀部分的文章長(zhǎng)度差別比較大,閱讀最大的能達(dá)到4000多詞（如四川大學(xué)）,小的

只花1500詞左右（如另外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)）,大多數(shù)院校閱讀H控制在2500詞至3000詞左右.

1.2解題技巧指南

I.閱讀理解常見考題分析

閱讀理解中,常見的考題主要有：主旨題、細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和語(yǔ)義題等.棟種題型對(duì)考生的能力和知識(shí)考杏

的側(cè)垂點(diǎn)都布所不同.下面就俗?種題型及其解題思路進(jìn)行分析講解.，

（I）主旨題

測(cè)試考生對(duì)整篇短文主要內(nèi)容、中心大意的理解,文章的主題思想就是作者通過文章所要&達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)、感情

和思想等.主題思想往往是通過文章中各部分內(nèi)容及其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系體現(xiàn)出來的,通常由?個(gè)或兩個(gè)句子來去達(dá),這

類題目的解題關(guān)鍵在于文章的第?段和最后?段.

（2）細(xì)節(jié)胭

細(xì)H題是閱讀理解部分常見的題目類型，芍有芍生對(duì)文章中某個(gè)幾體信息的理解.這類題通常生根據(jù)短文提

供的信息和很實(shí)進(jìn)行提問,選擇的依據(jù)必須是短文本身提供的信息。做這類題的關(guān)揚(yáng)先找出每道題所包含的關(guān)鍵

詞和短語(yǔ)，然后再［可到原文中尋找到含有關(guān)遮詞的原句.

（3）推理題

推理題芍查的是寫生根據(jù)已知信息迸行判斷推理、挖掘深層內(nèi)涵的能力.由于這類題的答案往往在短文的字

面上不會(huì)出現(xiàn),因此有一定的難度.做這類題的關(guān)犍在于要抓住問題中的某一個(gè)或幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ),根據(jù)上下

文推斷出這些詞所在的句子或句群的深刻含義.這類題就必要考生從原文中的相關(guān)信息推出原文中沒有目接發(fā)達(dá)

出來的含義.

解答這類題目時(shí).通常應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)；

①這類即型，在文字表面并沒有明顯反映作者的全部意圖，需要從字里行間去體會(huì)作苕的隱含意義,靠H己

的避輯推理能力去判斷,從上下文的聯(lián)貫及文中rr大部分的暗示去理解：

②推理題的答案?般不能在原文中心接找到,但在原文中有間接的提示和線索：

③有時(shí)需要根據(jù)作者敘述的語(yǔ)氣,以及所提供的事實(shí)和細(xì)色進(jìn)行分析和推理才能找到正確答案：

⑷推理題中有?類判斷作者態(tài)度的題H.做這類題時(shí).不能只把注意力放在文章中所描述的事實(shí)匕而應(yīng)該

更加注意作者在描述某一事實(shí)時(shí)所使用的語(yǔ)言.如作者所使用的修飾語(yǔ).這一類訶最能反映出作存寫作時(shí)的心態(tài)

以及他深藏在語(yǔ)言文字后面的對(duì)某?事件的立場(chǎng).

為了更好地解粹這類問題.芍生應(yīng)注意在平時(shí)積累一些表小人的態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的詞，比如：

僵義類：amused（愉快的）.supporting（支持的）,admiring（費(fèi)資的）,oprimistie（樂觀的），praising（費(fèi)揚(yáng)的）,

humorous（幽默的）,enthusiasiic（熱情的），pleasant（愉快的）,sober（冷靜的），approving（滿意的）.

positive（肯定的）:

中件類：subjective（主觀的）.exaggeralcd（夸大的），skeptical（懷疑的）.sympathetic（同情的），indifferent（冷漠的），

neutral（中小的）.impersonaK客觀的），objective（客觀的），subjective（主觀的）.impassive（冷漠的），

ambivalent（矛盾的），叩athetic（無動(dòng)于火的）.impartial（公平的）：

貶義為:crilical（批判的）,doubtfuK懷疑的bmocking（嘲笑的）,cynical（冷嘲熱諷的bsarcastic（諷刺的），ironic（諷

刺的），disgusted（厭惡的）.depressed（沮喪的）.disappointed（失電的）.、entimentaK傷感的）.negative（消

極的.否定的）.suspicious（懷疑的），tokranU容忍的）,biased（行偏見的）等”

（4）語(yǔ)義題

確定文章中特定詞語(yǔ)的意義以及以they,this.thai.those等代詞的指代關(guān)系.這類題測(cè)試考生在短文中理

解單詞和詞組意義的能力.解決這類題的關(guān)鍵在「要先找到您「中需要解擇的句子在文章中的具體位置.然后將

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入原文.結(jié)合上下文看哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最符合文意.

解答語(yǔ)義分析類的題目時(shí).絕灼不能根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)誠(chéng)短謂本身而望文生義,必須要根據(jù)該詞或短語(yǔ)所在的具體上

F文加以分析推測(cè).

2.閱設(shè)方法

（I）掃讀

掃讀（scanning）是指以最快的速度掃視所讀材料,在找到所衢信息時(shí)才仔細(xì)閱讀該項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,如在找某個(gè)人名、

地名、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等，也即在J找特定信息、J找具體事實(shí)、J找答題所靠?jī)?nèi)容時(shí)都用得著這種方法.

（2）賂;，

略讀（skimming）是指選擇性地閱讀.通常的閱讀要求看到每一個(gè)詞,每次注目行1-2個(gè)詞.而略讀對(duì)眼睛跳

動(dòng)的頻率和幅度的要求較高，不需要看清每一個(gè)詞.有時(shí)展至從上一行跳到下一行.略讀不可能全部了解文章內(nèi)

容，但是能大大地提高閱讀速度.也能獲得大量的信息.略讀的主要作用是J'解文章的大意.經(jīng)過略讀之后,考

生對(duì)所讀內(nèi)容已經(jīng)有了大致的「解.再仔細(xì)閱模.這時(shí)的印象會(huì)更深刻,理解更透徹.略詼的美犍是增加眼跳的

幅度，高度集中注意力，努力捕捉那些能引起注意或者你認(rèn)為席要的內(nèi)容.

（3）研讀

研讀（studyreading）就是指仔細(xì)閱讀，通過這種閱讀可以對(duì)文章有透徹深刻的理解，根據(jù)考題,運(yùn)用上下文、

邏輯關(guān)系、背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷和推論,對(duì)睢句的理解和推理以及一些由實(shí)性細(xì)節(jié)題需要用這種方法

3.閱讀考試解題技巧

（I）瀏覽試18明確目標(biāo)

在閱讀文章之前，最好首先瀏覽一遍試題、選項(xiàng),確定題目的類型（比如說是主旨題還是細(xì)節(jié)題）。然后.再

帶著問題讀原文,這樣有目的地去閱讀文章，助于更快地找到所需要的信息.

（2）找出段落的中心思想

任何閱讀材料都有其大盤.TF.小說體的閱讀材料通常有比較明顯的人意:,其結(jié)構(gòu)也比較清楚，文格的開頭部

分（introduction）?股會(huì)比較明確地指出文章的中心思想.文堂主體部分的每一段也有主題句.通常在段首或段尾

文章的結(jié)尾還要對(duì)全文作一個(gè)總的概括.文章的各個(gè)段落都是為表達(dá)主旨服務(wù)的,所以只有對(duì)文章主旨有了了解，

做起任何題型就都不會(huì)偏肉主題.

（3）如何解決生詞何題

提高閱讀速發(fā)的?個(gè)幣:要內(nèi)容是擴(kuò)大詞匯量.詞匯量決定了你的閱讀理解能力，詞匯量越大,你閱讀得越廣.

視野就越開闊，你閱讀理解的得分就可能越高.

但閱讀過程中不可避免地要遇到生詞.遇到生詞最好的解決方法是通過上下文猜測(cè).以下幾條建議可梢助你

猜測(cè)訶義：

?利用文筆中詞與詞的同義或者反義關(guān)系清網(wǎng)詞義：

例如：Inthenonhemregionsthewintersaregenerallycoldandhumid,andthesummershotanddry.

顯然，冬天和里大的氣候是截然相反的，它們的修飾詞的意思也應(yīng)該截然相反"cokF與“hot”對(duì)應(yīng).“humid”

與“dry”對(duì)應(yīng).因此,“humid”是“潮濕”意思.

?通過文章中對(duì)詞的定義猜測(cè)詞義；

例如：Jackisnowaflorist,whokeepsashopforsellingflowersinourdistrict.

“（10出1”的意思就是其后定語(yǔ)從句“小01?：中；；1511師（'0入911睡00\、,8；”所描述的“擁仃，家《：門:火花的商

店的人”，即“花店主”.

?通過文章中對(duì)詞的解科和舉例猜測(cè)詞義：

例］如I：Todayyoungcoupleswhoarcjuststartingtheirhouseholdsoftenspend101softheirmoneyonappliances,

forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcok>rTVs.

通過所舉的例廣(washingmachines.refrigeratorsandcolorTVs)可以看一出.“叩phances”應(yīng)是這些名詞的總稱.

即“家用電器”.

?通過構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)(前綴和后綴)猜測(cè)詞義.

例如；Theyovereslimatetheinterviewee'sabilityandaskedhimmanydifficultquestions.

飛slimaie”是“估計(jì)”的意思,“over」前綴意為“過分，過度.超過”等,因此“overestimate”就是“島估”

的意思.

(4)利用篇串連接詞

篇章連接詞是指在文章中用來說明上下句或前后句兩個(gè)意思之間關(guān)系的詞或詞組.連接詞一般用于以下幾種

情況：

①連接詞通常用于開篇.引出擴(kuò)屣句：

?連接詞也可用于句中.尤其是用于較長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句f中,以作為上下文的連接紐帶：

③連接詞還可以川于文章結(jié)尾處或者段末.用于總結(jié)上文或結(jié)束本段內(nèi)容.

在閱讀過程中，如果我們能然利用這些連接詞，便能快速理清文章的思路,這就在一定程及上提高了英語(yǔ)的

閱讀效率.

常見的連接詞通常可以用來去示以下幾種關(guān)系：

?表示平行或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

and.also,aswell(as).a<thesametime,besides,both...andfirtherniore.inaddition(to).likewise,moreover,

similarly,worsestill等.

在閱讀過程中,當(dāng)看到其中的任何一個(gè)連接詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該想到：下文將出現(xiàn)與前邊差不多的、同類性質(zhì)的內(nèi)容.

或是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步闡述.

?&示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

although,but.however,nevertheless,onthecontrary,otherwise,totheopposite,while,yet等

這些詞表明作者正在向讀者發(fā)出?種信號(hào),下文所述的將是?種全新的或是相反的內(nèi)容，見解和觀點(diǎn)，而要

引起讀苕的格外注意.在閱讀過程中,當(dāng)橫到其中任何個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接訶時(shí),應(yīng)該放慢閱讀速度，多印

心下文在意義上的變化.

?代示H的或因果關(guān)系：

as.asaresuh,because(of),consequently,dueto.for.nowthat,since,so,so...(hat...such...thattherefore,thus

等。

在閱讀過程中.這些連接詞也犯梢助讀者理解作苕行文思路的TF用信號(hào).

?&小層次、聯(lián)序關(guān)系

after(that),another,before,firsttly).sccond(ly).third(ly).allast,finally,laieron.next,then,ontheonehandan

theotherhand等

抓住這些連接詞，讀若能快速地把握作苕的行文思路.比如：first,second,third,finally等訶.表明了一種順

序，讀杵能通過它們迅速?gòu)拇篌w上理清文章的脈絡(luò).

?及示列舉關(guān)系

forexample,forinstance,foronething,foranother,suchas等

在閱讀過程中，當(dāng)碰到其中任何?個(gè)時(shí),應(yīng)讀明白?作者在下文將舉出一個(gè)類似情形的事例.而往往這些事

例都是為附面的陳述做進(jìn)一步解擇或論證的.

?衣示歸納、總結(jié)

asaresult,briefly,inaword,mbrief,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup等.

作者通過這些連接詞給讀者?種暗示，下面的內(nèi)容將是對(duì)前面所述內(nèi)容的概拈或總結(jié).

掌握了這些連接詞的使用特點(diǎn)，將有助于讀者對(duì)全文脈絡(luò)Til個(gè)消晰的把握,對(duì)提而閱讀速度和效率都TT很大

的柄助.

第2章閱讀理解高分特訓(xùn)100篇

本部分精選的100篇閱讀理解按照“解譯碩I：英語(yǔ)”?？嫉念}型,分為：常規(guī)多項(xiàng)選擇題型和根據(jù)文章何答

問題。

2.1多項(xiàng)選擇

〈文學(xué)傳記類

PassageI題材，文學(xué)傳汜類字?jǐn)?shù)：548

TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteTwander'dlonelyasadoud'\apoemthat

expressesabasicspiritoftheearlyEnglishRomanik:ism,1(wasThursday.15thApril1802.WilliamandDorothy

Wordsworth,thepoetsdevoted,journal-writingsister,werewalkinghometoDoveCottageinthel>akeDistrict.The

windwasfierce,buttheWordsworthsiblingswereusedtostridinglongdistancesinfoulweather.Theywereinthe

woodsclosetothewatersidewhentheyfirstctoppedeyesor\afieldofdaffodils"flutteringanddancinginthebreeze*'.

Whalmakes(hispoemanexampleofRomanticthinking?hisn'tjustthatWordsworthchoosestowriicabouta

naturalscene:ifisthewayhedescribesthesceneasifithadhumanemotions.Forhim.natureisnotmerelyaneutral

mixtureofscenery,colours,pkints,rocks,soil,waterandair.Ilisadrivingforcethatfeelsjoyandsadness,share、human

pain<indeventriestoeducateushumanbeingsbyshowingusthebeautyoflife.

Wordsworthshome.DoveCottage,isnowoneofthemostpopulardestination、intheLikeDistrict.Youcangoon

alouroflhegardenwhichWilliamplantedwithwildflowersandwhichsurvivedinhisbackyardevenafterthey

disappearedfromthearea."Healwayssaidthatifhehadn'lbeenapoet,hewouldhavebeenaterrifickindscape

gardener/'saysAllanKingoftheWordsworthTrust,theorganizationthatlooksafterthecottageandgardens.

TheLakeDistriclinthenorthwestofEnglandbecomesparticularlycrowdedduringthesummermonthswith

touristsandramblerseagertoenjoytheregion'smajesticvalleys,hillsandsparklinglakes.Wordsworthhimselfwasfar

fromkeenontourists,whichwasquiteapparent.Hewantedoutsiderstoadmirethelocalsightsheenjoyedsomuch,but

wasafraidthedistriclmightbe"damaged"bytoomanyvisitors.Heopposedtheconningof(hetrains,andcampaigned

inthe1840sagainstuplantolink(hetownsinthearea-Kendal.WindermereandKeswickbyrail.

TheplacenearUlkwatcr.whereWdrdswonhsawtheWfodik.matthesouthernmostendofthelake.Thelakeis

wideandcalmatthisturningpoint.There'sabaywherethetreeshavehadtheirsoilerodedbylakewatersothattheir

rootsareshockinglyexposed。Ybuwalkalongfromtreetotree,hardlydaringtobreathe,becauseyouarewalkinginthe

footprintsofWilliamandDorothyfromtwocenturiesago.Thefirstclumpsofdaffodilsappear,buttheyaren'ttall

yellowtrumpetsproudlyswayinginthebreeze.They'retinywilddaffodils,mostofthemstillgreenandunopened,in

clumpsofsixorseven.They*regroupedaroundindividualtreesratherthancollectingtogether.

Butasyoulooknorth,frombesideahugeancientoak.yourealizethisiswhatdelightedtheWordsworths:clump

afterclumpofthethings,spreadouttoleftandrightbu<comingtogetherinyourvisionsothattheyformabcaucifuL

pale-yellowcarpel.VMiatyou'reseeingatlastisnaturetransformedbyhumansightandimagination.Forasecond,you

sharethatrevebtionofDorothyandWilliamWordsworths?theglimpseofpantheism,thecentralmysteryofEnglish

Romanticism.

1.Accordingtothearticle.Wordsworth'spoem.

|A]startedtheRomanticmovement

IB]wasbasedonactualexperience

|C]waswrittenwhilehewasvisitinghissister

(DJwaswrittenafterhehadbeenlonely

2.WhatwasWordsworthsattitudelonature?

|A|Hebelievednaturehadacharacterofitsown.

|B]Uefehnaturewashuman.

|C]Hethoughtnaturecouldtalktopeople.

|D|Hebelievedthatwecouklinfluencenature.

3.WearetokithatDoveCottage.

[A|hasgardensdesignedbyalandscapegardener

|B]hasveryoklplantsinthegarden

|C|getsalotofvisitors

(D|hasalargebackyard

4.Whaldocsthewritersuggestbythewords"hardlydaringtobreathe"inline4.paragraph5?

(A]Youhavetowalkcarefullyhere.

[B]Youcan'tbreathebecausetheatmosphereissuffewating.

|C]Ybumightfeelexcitedtobeinthisplace.

|D|Ybumustconcentratetostayonthefootpalh.

5.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofWordsworthasapoet?

|A|HebelievesthatWordsworthwasanimportantfigureinEnglishcuhure.

(B)HeiscriticalofWordsworth.

|CJHebelievesWordsworthwasasentimentalperson.

[D]liedisagreeswithWordsworth'sopinionaboutnature.

【答案與解析】

LB根據(jù)第?段大意，可知Wor&worth的詩(shī)是根據(jù)他和姐妹步行回家所看到的風(fēng)景寫成的.A項(xiàng)未提及，C和

D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤.

2.A根據(jù)第二段hedescribesthesceneasifithadhumancmotions以及最后一句可推tl；Wordsworth時(shí)待自然的態(tài)

度.

3.C根據(jù)第：段第一句oneofthemostpopulardestinations可知DoveCottage有很多游客

4.C由第fi段becauseyouarewalkinginthefootprintsofWilliamandDorothyfromtwocenturiesago可知可能是

因?yàn)樘?dòng)了而不敢呼吸.

5.A從全文來看,作者對(duì)于Wordsworth法賞花加.無負(fù)面過價(jià)，故選項(xiàng)A正確.

【詞匯詞皴】

?wandervi.徘徇：漫步：迷路：腐題

17.游蕩，漫游

?foul“打犯規(guī)的：邪惡的：污穢的：淤塞的

vi.犯規(guī)：弄臟：淤塞：纏住，妨害

vi.犯規(guī)：腐爛；綢

，，.犯規(guī)；纏繞

adv.違反規(guī)則地,不正當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

?neutralM.中立的，中性的：中立國(guó)的；止彩色的

it.中立國(guó)：中立者

?lerrific的,極好的;極其的,等常的

,clumpn,叢；笨重的腳步聲：匕塊

vi.形成一叢：以沉用.的步子行走

”.使成一叢：使凝結(jié)成塊

Passage：題材：文學(xué)傳記類字?jǐn)?shù)：605

IhavebeenlivinginLondonformorethan60years,butstill,whenI'mdrivingandlakesomecleverback-sireel

short-cutIcatchmyselfthinkinghowextruordinuryitisthatIunidoingthis!ForamomentthetownmouseIhave

becomeisbeingseenbythecountrymouseIused(obe.Andalthough,givenanewstart.Iwouklagainbecomeatown

mouse,whenIvisitrelationsinthecountry.Ienvythem.

Recenily,IstoodbesideafreshwaterlakeIDNorfolk,madebydivertingasmallriver,nearwheremybrotherlives.

Ashewasidentifyingsomeofthebirdswecouldsee.incamesevenswans.Theycircled,thenthehauntingsoundof

theirwingbeatsgavewaytosilenceastheyglidedintoasplash-down.

Itisnota“picturesque"partofthecoast,butithasadefinitecharacteroflineandfightandcolor.',Ybudoliveina

lovelyplace/,Isaidtomybrother,andheanswered,',Yes.Ido,',Therearcprobablyfewdayswhenhedoesnotpauseto

recognizeitslovelinessasheworkswithhisboatsheteachessailing-orgoesabouthismanyotheroccupations.

Thelake'screatorisalocalbndowner,continuingthetraditionwherebythenatureofourcountrysidehasbeen

determinedbythosewhoowntheland.Fcrmcrly,landownerswouldalmostcertainlyhavemadesuchchangesfortheir

ownbenefit,butthistimeitwasdonetohelppreservethewildlifehere,whichisavailableforanyvisitortosee,

providingtheydonothingtodisturbthebirds.Itisevidenceofchange:countrylifeischangingfast.

OneofthebiggestchangesIhavewitnessedisthatsecond-homers,logetherwithcommuters,havecometobe

acceptedasavitalpartofthecountryscene.Alsothemenandwomenwhoservicetheircars,digIheirgardens,install

theirphones,repairtheirwordprocessors,laytheircarpetsanddoalltheotherthingstheyneed,arcvitallomodem

countrylife.

Itisquitelikelythatthechildrenofloday'sworkersmaybemovingintothesamekindofjobsasthe

second-homersandtheretired.BoththechildrenofacountrywomanIknowareatuniversity,andsheherself,nowthat

theyhavelefthome,isworkingtowardsauniversitydegree.OneofthedelightsofcountrylifeKxiay.itseems,isthat

thereyoucanseehowmuchsocialmobilityisincreasing.

Muchdepends,ofcourse,on(hepariofthecountrysideyouarelivinginandonpersonality-yourownandthatof

yourneighbors.Inmybrother*sNortblkvilbgc,sociallifeseemsdizzyingtoa[jondoner.Inadditiontodroppinginan

neighbors,peoplethrowandattendpartiesfarmoreoftenthanwedo.Mybrotherswife,Maryandherfriendsflyoffon

themostdashingbargainbreaksinKrakoworPragueorXfenice.andarealwaysgoingintoNorwichforaconcertorto

King'sLynnforanexhibition.Theboringcountrylifethatpeoplefromcities(alkaboutisathingofchepastor

perhapsthatwasonlyeveranimpression.

ThisisveryunlikelivinginaLondonstreetfor50yearsandknowingonlythenamesoffourotherresidents.In

these5()yearsIhavemadeonlyonerealfriendamongthem.Idoenjoymylife,andMarysaysthatshesometimes

enviesit(thegrassontheothersideofthefence),hutwheneverIgotoNorfolk,1endupfeelingthatthelivesofcountry

micearemoreadmirablethanmyown.

I.Itissometimesasourceofsurprisetothewricer,..

(A]tofindherselfdrivingthroughbackstreels

|B]thatshehasbeeninthecityforsolong

|CJtorealizehowmuchshehasgotusedtolivinginLondon

[D]thatshelivesinthecitywhensheprefersthecountry

2.Theatmospherecreatedbythewriterwhenshedescribestheswansis.

|A]magical

[B]frightening

(C]deafening

|D|disturbing

3.Whatdoes“II"inline5.paragraph4referlo?

|A|ThefreshwaterlakeinaNorfolkvilhge.

IBlThefactthatthelakebelongsloakindownerhere.

[C]Thefactthatwildlifenowneedstobepreserved.

[D]Thereasonfbrthelandowner'saction.

4.Whatissuggestedaboutoutsiderswhonowliveinthecountry?

|A|Thatcountrypeoplenolongerrejectthem.

(B}Thattheyoftendoworklikeservicingcarsanddigginggardens.

[CJThatthemenandwomenwhoworkforthemarefromthecity.

[D|Thatmanyofthemhavebeeninthecountrysideforalongtime.

5.Sociallifein(hecountry.

|A]dependscompletelyonwhereyoulive

[B]isnotasdullaspeopleinthecitiessometimesthinkitis

[C]isnotaffectedbyyourneighbors

|D|isalwayslessexcitingthanlifeinthecity

【答案與解析]

1.C文章第,句說IhavebeenlivinginLondonformorethan60years.住在倫敦六卜多年了.然而還會(huì)calch

myself(hiiikinghowextraordinaryitis山*Iamdoingthi>此處的this1E是指生活在倫敦那么久，井口如此

熟悉，以致能的很聰明地從后巷抄近路?

2.A在第二段中.作者描寫七只天上在空中盤旋,從haunling、silence、splash-down等詞能夠看出其中的魔幻

的意境frightening令人恐懼的：deafening旄中欲佬的.disturbing令人不安的.

3.D第四段第二句提到，過去，上地的擁有者是為了自己的利益在自己的領(lǐng)地里做改動(dòng)，但是這次的改動(dòng)是因

為要幫助保護(hù)本地的野生生命-所以第三句中提到的it應(yīng)該是指土地?fù)碛姓咦龀龈膭?dòng)的原因.有所不同r

4.A第五段第一句提到second-homerttogetherwhhcommuters,havecometobeacceptedasuvitalpartofthe

ccumryscciw,即這叫外來的人己經(jīng)被接納,不可受到攙味.成為多村九

5B倒數(shù)第：段細(xì)說｛鄉(xiāng)村人生活的多彩,最力；一句提到—heboringcountrylifethatpeoplefromcitiestalkabiiul

已然成為過去，并且，也許從來就只是一個(gè)不實(shí)的印象而已。

【詞匯詞組】

?extraordirnwy〃力.非凡的：特別的：離奇的：臨時(shí)的：特派的

,divertv/轉(zhuǎn)移：使…歡娛：使…轉(zhuǎn)向

W.轉(zhuǎn)移

?hmmi常出沒于…：縈繞于…：經(jīng)常去…

\i.出沒;作崇

棲息地：常去的地方

?disturbr/.打擾:妨礙：使不安：弄亂：使惱怒

可打擾：妨礙

?vitaladj.至關(guān)刑要的：生死攸關(guān)的：有活力的

?dizzyadj.暈眩的；使人頭葷的：忤亂的；心不在焉的：愚法的

”.使頭性眼花：使混亂：使茫然

Passage?題材：文學(xué)傳記類字?jǐn)?shù)：548

CharlesDarwin's"OntheOriginofSpecies''iscreditedwithsparkingevolution'srevolutioninscientificthought,

hutmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstandingtheidea'ssignificanceandsoilingit(o(he

publicthatmadeDarwingreataccordingtotheArnoldArboretum'snewdirector.

WilliamFriedman,theArnoldProfessorofOrganismicandEvolutkwaryBiologywhotookoverasarboretum

directorJan.I.hasstudiedDarwin'swritingsaswellasthoseofhispredecessorsandcontcmpcrarics.WhileDarwinis

widelycreditedas(hefatherofevolution,Friedmansaidthe"historicalsketch''thatDarwinattachedtolaterprintingsof

hismasterpiecewasintendedtocalmdownthosewhodemandedcreditfortheirown.earlierideas.

ThehistoricalsketchgrewwitheachsubsequentprintingFriedmantold.anaudienceonJan.1().until;bythe6(h

edition.34authors:werementionedinit.Scholarsnowbelievethatsomwherebetween50and60authorshadbeaten

Darwinin(heirwritingsaboutevolution.IncludedwasDanvin'sgrandfather;ErasmusDarwin,aphysicianwhoirritated

clergymenwithhisinsistence(hatlifearosefromlowerforms,specificallymollusks.

Friedman*stalk."ADarwinianLookatDarwin'sEvohitionAncestors,“tookplaceatthearboretumslloncy^cll

FkiildmgandwasthefirstinanewDirector'sLectureSeries.

ThoughothershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn'toriginality.FriedmansaidthatDanvin's

thinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew.moMprominentlyAlfredWallace,whese

wrilingonthesubjectafteryeaisin(hefieldspurredDarwin'swritingof"OntheOriginofSpecies.**Ahhough(hebook

runsmorethan400pages.Friedmansaiditwasnever(hebookonevolution,andnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended.

In1856.threeyearsbefore(hebookwaspublished,hebeganworkonadetailedbookonnaturalselection(hatwouldn't

seepublicationuntil1975.

Theseminaleventincreating"On(heOriginofSpecies'*occurredin1858.whenWallacewroteDarwindetailing

Wallace'sideasofevolutionbynaturalselection.ThearrivalofWalhce\ideasspurredDarwinintowriting"Onthe

OriginofSpecies''asan"abslract"oftheideashewaspainstakinglylayingoutinthelargerwork.

ThiswasaluckybreakforDarwin,becauseitforcedhimtowrrtehisideasinplainkinguage,whichledioabook

thatwasnotonlyrevolutioiuiry.despitethosewho*dtreadsimilargroundbefore,butthatwasalsoveryreadable.

ThoughothersthoughtaboutevolutionbeforeDarwinscientificdiscoveryrequiresmorethanjustanidea.In

additionto(heconcept,discoveryrequirestheunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea,sometimessomeofthe

earlierauthorsclearlydidnothave—suchasthearboristwhoburiedhisthoughtsonnaturalsclcvliontheappendixof

abookonnavaltimber.Lastly,scientificdiscoverydemandstheabilitytoconvinceothersof(hecorrectnessofanidea.

Darwinthrough**On(heOriginofSpecies."wastheonlythinkerofthetimewhohadallthreeofthosetraits,Friedman

said.

“Darwinhadtheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessoftheidea,“Friedmansaid,addingthatevenWallace,

whosechimtonewthinkingonevolutionandnaturalselectionwasstrongerthanalltheothers,paidhomagetoDarwin

bytitlinghis1889bookonthesubject."Darwinism/'

I.AccordingtoWilliamFriedman.Darwin's"OntheOriginofSpecies'*isgreatinthat.

|A|itwasthemoststudiedbyhterscientists

|B|ithadSignificantideasaboutevolution

|C|itwasthefirstlo(alkaboutevolution

|D|itwaswellreceivedbythepublic

2.FriedmanbelievesthatDarwmattacheda^historicalsketch''tohterprintingsofhisbookmanattemptto.

(A]credittheideasaboutevolutionbeforehis

|B]Claimhimselfasthefatherofevolution

|C|introducehisgrandfatherlothereader

[DJsummarizehispredecessors,work

3:InFriedman'sview.Darwin'soriginalitybesin.

|A|histhinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolution

[B]hissharingideasaboutevolutionwithhiscontemporaries

[C]thewayhewrote"OntheOriginsofSpecies”

|D|Chewayhelecturedontheideasofevohition.

4.WehavelearnedthatalfirstDarwinintendedtowritehisideasin.

[AJamuchlargerbook

[B|a400book

[CJscientificterms

|D]phinlanguage

5.Scientifkdiscover)1requiresallthefolk)wingexcept.

|A]comingupwithanewidea

|B]understandingthesignificanceoftheidea

[Clmakingclaimsto(heideabywritingbooks

|D|convincingothersof(hecorrectnessof(heidea

【答案與解析】

ID根據(jù)第一段新E首講的話可知.讓人們認(rèn)識(shí)到了進(jìn)化論思想的重要性，止大眾接受了這一思想，并讓這?

思想廣泛生根發(fā)芽是達(dá)爾文偉大的原因,所以選D。

2.A根據(jù)第.段最后一句可知，他后來附錄在他巨作的“歷史背景描述“平息/那些為臼己的觀點(diǎn)——比運(yùn)

爾文進(jìn)化論思想出現(xiàn)的更R的觀點(diǎn)——而爭(zhēng)斗的人,所以，他的歷史背景描述承認(rèn)了在他之前的關(guān)于進(jìn)化

論的思想.所以選A.

3.A第7i段第句提到「獨(dú)創(chuàng)性這話題.根據(jù)第五段第：句可知,達(dá)爾文大于進(jìn)化論機(jī)制是自然選擇的思想

很少為其他人共享,連華萊上也沒有這樣的觀點(diǎn)，所以選A.

4.A根據(jù)第六段及后一句，達(dá)爾文把他的思想提煉出來，就不用再豌力寫一本大得多的書，可知,達(dá)爾文本來

打算寫本大得多的書.所以選A

5.C根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段弗里娜曼的觀點(diǎn)，科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅僅要有想法，還要有對(duì)這一想法的意義的理解，要能說服

人們關(guān)于想法的正確性.C項(xiàng)沒有提及，所以選C。

【詞匯詞組】

?credit".信用，信譽(yù)：|金融]貸款：學(xué)分：信任；聲里

vl.相信，信任：把…婦給，歸功于：費(fèi)頌

,sketchii,素描：略圖：梗概

vt畫素描或速寫

VI.畫案描或速寫

?uritalc>7.刺激.使興奮；激怒

??,引起惱怒，引起不愉快

?spurn.鼓舞，刺激：馬刺：山坡

n.騎馬疾馳：給予刺激

vt激勵(lì).鞭策：給…裝馬刺

?painstakinglyadv.煞費(fèi)苦心地：費(fèi)力地

?timber木材[木料

Passage4題材：文學(xué)傳記類字?jǐn)?shù):400

WhydocsstorjlcDingendureacrosstimeandcullurcs?PerhapstheanswerIksinourevolutionaryroot*.Astudyot*

thewaythatpeoplerespondtoVictorianliteraturehintsthatnovelsactasasocialglue,reinforcingthetypesofbehavior

thatbenefitsociety.

Literature“couldcontinuallyconditionsocietysothatwefightagainstbaseimpulsesandworkinacooperalive

way",saysJonathanGottschallofWashingtonandJeffersonCollege,Pennsylvania,lieandco-authorJosephCarrollal

theUniversityofMissouri.StLouis,study