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目錄TOC\o"1-4"\h\z\u課程設計任務書 -1-GUI方式 -3-一、 打開ANSYS -3-二、 建立模型 -3-1、 定義單元類型 -3-2、 定義單元實常數(shù) -3-3、 定義材料特性 -3-4、 定義截面 -3-5、 建立幾何模型 -3-6、 劃分網(wǎng)格 -4-7、 建立彈簧單元 -4-三、 加載求解 -5-1、 施加位移約束 -5-2、 施加荷載 -6-(1) 計算結(jié)構(gòu)所受荷載 -6-(2) 施加結(jié)構(gòu)所受荷載 -6-(3) 施加重力場 -7-3、 求解 -8-四、 查看計算結(jié)果 -8-1、 添加單元表 -8-2、 查看變形圖 -8-3、 查看各內(nèi)力圖 -9-4、 查看內(nèi)力列表 -9-單元內(nèi)力表 -11-APDL方式 -17-課程設計任務書專業(yè)鐵道工程(隧道組)姓名彭向民學號20087023開題日期:2011年9月20日完成日期:2011年9月27日題目明挖地鐵車站內(nèi)力結(jié)構(gòu)分析一、設計的目的熟悉ANSYS軟件,練習課堂所學知識,為今后的畢業(yè)設計打下良好的電算基礎(chǔ)。練習使用梁單元和彈簧單元建模進行結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力分析二、設計的內(nèi)容與要求某地鐵島式車站采用明挖法施工,車站埋深為4.113m,地下水位距地面為8.023m,站廳、站臺層柱子為d=0.8m的圓形柱,縱向柱間距為8m,縱向共16跨,長160m,中間島式站臺長110m。襯砌材料采用C30鋼筋混凝土(E=30Gpa,μ=0.2,γ=25kN/m3),地面荷載取20kPa的均布荷載,站廳層人群荷載取4kPa的均布荷載,是被荷載取8kPa的均布荷載。地基彈性范例系數(shù)取77.4Mpa/m。車站的橫斷面如下圖:(單位:m)各層土的物理參數(shù)見下表:地層名稱重度γ(kN/m3)內(nèi)摩擦角φ(°)素填土18.08.0粉質(zhì)粘土19.216.3粉質(zhì)粘土19.620.8中粗砂18.826.0試分析:縱向單位跨度地鐵車站的內(nèi)力。(采用基本荷載組合計算)成績指導教師(簽章)年月日GUI方式:打開ANSYS打開ANSYS軟件。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→Title”菜單命令。在彈出窗口中輸入“Mechanicalanslysisonthesubwaystation”作為ANSYS圖形顯示時的標題。建立模型定義單元類型GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→ElementType→Add/Edit/Delete”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中添加單元類型Beam3和combination14。定義單元實常數(shù)GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→RealConstants→Add/Edit/Delete”菜單命令。分別對Beam3和combination14添加實常數(shù),數(shù)據(jù)如下表:No.AREAIZZHEIGHT10.80.8**3/120.820.60.6**3/120.6311/12140.90.9**3/120.950.4**2*ACOS(-1)0.8**4*ACOS(-1)/640.8677.4E6定義材料特性GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→MaterialProps→MatarialModels”菜單命令。輸入材料特性:EX=3E10,PRXY=0.2,DENS=2500。定義截面GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Sections→Beam→CommonSections”菜單命令。新建5個截面,數(shù)據(jù)如下表所示:IDSub-TypeBH1矩形10.82矩形10.63矩形114矩形10.95圓形R=0.4建立幾何模型GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Modeling→Create→Keypoints→InActiveCS”菜單命令。鍵入點坐標如下表所示:點號1234567891011X00009.059.059.0518.118.118.118.1Y-4.513-8.023-9.413-15.763-4.513-9.413-15.763-4.513-8.023-9.413-15.763GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Modeling→Create→Lines→Lines→StraightLine”菜單命令。連接兩關(guān)鍵點生成線:線編號L1L2L3L4L5L6L7L8L9L10L11L12L13L14點號1153647432568910點號2586107113216791011劃分網(wǎng)格GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Meshing→MeshTool”菜單命令。在ElementAttributes的下拉菜單里面選中Lines,單擊【Set】,分別對各條線編輯屬性,如下表:選擇的線L1,L2L3,L4L5,L6L7,L8,L9,L12,L13,L14L10,L11MAT1REAL12345TYPE1Beam3SECT12345單擊MeshTool對話框Size下面Line后面的【Set】,設計每條線劃分的單元數(shù),如下表所示:選擇的線L1,L2,L3,L4,L5,L6L7,L11,L14L8,L13L9,L12L10NDIV18133710單擊MeshTool對話框中的【Mesh】按鈕,選擇全部線,單擊【OK】,完成網(wǎng)格劃分。建立彈簧單元GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Modeling→Copy→Nodes→Copy”菜單命令。選中L5、L6上的所以Nodes,在“CopyNodes”對話框中,ITIME后輸入2,DY后輸入-1,如下圖所示。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→Select→Entities…”菜單命令。在彈出的“SelectEntities”對話框中選擇“Nodes”,“ByLocation”,“Ycoordinates”,在Min,Max后輸入“-15.763,-16.763”,點擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Modeling→Create→Elements→ElemAttributes”菜單命令。在彈出的“ElementAttributes”對話框中,[TYPE]選“2COMBIN14”,[REAL]選“6”,[SECNUM]選“NoSection”,單擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Preprocessor→Modeling→Create→Elements→AutoNumbered→OffsetNodes”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中,DY后輸入“1”,單擊【OK】。加載求解施加位移約束GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→Select→Entities…”菜單命令。在彈出的“SelectEntities”對話框中選擇“Nodes”,“ByLocation”,“Ycoordinates”,在Min,Max后輸入“-16.763”,點擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Displcement→OnNode”菜單命令。點擊【PickAll】,選擇全部節(jié)點,在彈出對話框中選擇“ALLDOF”,單擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→Select→Entities…”菜單命令。在彈出的“SelectEntities”對話框中選擇“Nodes”,“ByLocation”,“Ycoordinates”,在Min,Max后輸入“-15.763”,點擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→Select→Entities…”菜單命令。在彈出的“SelectEntities”對話框中選擇“Nodes”,“ByLocation”,“Xcoordinates”,在Min,Max后輸入“9.05”,點擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Displcement→OnNode”菜單命令。點擊【PickAll】,選擇全部節(jié)點,在彈出對話框中選擇“UX”,單擊【OK】。施加荷載計算結(jié)構(gòu)所受荷載按基本荷載組合,計算如下表所示:頂板路面荷載20kPa垂直土壓力1.5ⅹ18+2.8ⅹ19.2+(4.113+0.8/2-1.5-2.8)ⅹ19.6=84.9348kPa1.4ⅹ20+1.35ⅹ84.9348=142.66198kPa中板人群荷載4kPa設備荷載8kPa1.4ⅹ4+1.35ⅹ8=16.4kPa底板垂直水壓力(4.113+0.8/2+4.9+6.35-8.023)ⅹ10=77.4kPa1.35ⅹ77.4=104.49kPa邊墻土側(cè)壓力上φ=(8ⅹ1.5+16.3ⅹ2.8+20.8ⅹ0.213)/4.513=13.75°1.35ⅹ84.9348ⅹtan2(45-13.75/2)=70.6kPa下φ=(8ⅹ1.5+16.3ⅹ2.8+20.8ⅹ2+26ⅹ9.463)/15.763=21.9°γ=(18ⅹ1.5+19.2ⅹ2.8+19.6ⅹ2+18.8ⅹ9.463)/15.763=18.9kN/m31.35ⅹ18.9ⅹ15.763ⅹtan2(45-21.9/2)=183.67kPa(先分別算出λ,再加權(quán)平均,算出結(jié)果為187.575kPa)側(cè)向水壓力下104.49kPa施加結(jié)構(gòu)所受荷載a.水平荷載GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Pressure→OnBeams”菜單命令。選擇頂板的梁單元,在彈出對話框中的VALI后輸入值“142661.98”,單擊【Apply】。選擇中板的梁單元,在彈出對話框中的VALI后輸入值“16400”,單擊【Apply】。選擇頂板的梁單元,在彈出對話框中的VALI后輸入值“-104490”,單擊【OK】。b.側(cè)向荷載GUI方式:執(zhí)行“UtilityMenu→List→PictEntities+”菜單命令。在彈出的“ModelQueryPicker”對話框中選擇:“Pick”,“Box”,“Length”,“Elements”,分別選擇左邊墻和右邊墻的梁單元。復制彈出列表中的內(nèi)容到Excel,整理并計算,可得下表:ElementNo.(L)ElementNo.(R)Length土側(cè)壓力(上)(Pa)水側(cè)壓力(下)(Pa)1311550.501429706001301560.50142975639.692151291570.50142980679.38431281580.50142985719.076461271590.50142990758.768611261600.50142995798.460761251610.501429100838463333105877.84516254.9914591231630.463333110534.647312509.982921221640.463333115191.449518764.974381211650.488462119848.251725359.207121201660.488462124757.61731953.439861191670.488462129666.982238547.67261181680.488462134576.347545141.905341171690.488462139485.712751736.138081161700.488462144395.07858330.370821151710.488462149304.443264924.603561141720.488462154213.808571518.83631131730.488462159123.173778113.069041121740.488462164032.53984707.301781111750.488462168941.904291301.534521101760.488462173851.269597895.767261091770.488462178760.6347104490183670土側(cè)壓力:GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Pressure→OnBeams”菜單命令。從上向下每間隔1個單元選擇一個邊墻的單元,按上表所示的值,輸入邊墻單元所受的一對土壓力值。水側(cè)壓力:GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Settings→ReplacevsAdd→SurfaceLoads”菜單命令。在彈出的對話框中,(PRES)下的Oper中選擇“Addtoexisting”,單擊【OK】。GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Pressure→OnBeams”菜單命令。從水位線處開始,從上向下每間隔1個單元選擇一個邊墻的單元,按上表所示的值,輸入邊墻單元所受的一對水的壓力值。施加重力場GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→DefineLoads→Apply→Structural→Inertia→Gravity→Global”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中的ACELY后輸入值“10”,單擊【OK】。結(jié)基本構(gòu)圖求解GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→Solution→Solve→CurrentLS”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中點擊【OK】,開始計算。查看計算結(jié)果添加單元表GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→GeneralPostproc→ElementTable→DefineTable”菜單命令。新建6個單元表,分別是:LabItemLabItem軸力I_NBysequencenumSMISC,1J_NBysequencenumSMISC,7剪力I_VBysequencenumSMISC,2J_VBysequencenumSMISC,8彎矩I_MBysequencenumSMISC,6J_MBysequencenumSMISC,12查看變形圖GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→GeneralPostproc→PlotResults→DeformedShape”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中選擇“Def+undeformd”,單擊【OK】。變形圖查看各內(nèi)力圖GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→GeneralPostproc→PlotResults→ContourPlot→LineElemRes”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中分別選擇不同的Lab,可以分別查看軸力圖、剪力圖、彎矩圖。LabILabJFact軸力圖I_NJ_N1剪力圖I_VJ_V1彎矩圖I_MJ_M-1查看內(nèi)力列表GUI方式:執(zhí)行“MainMenu→GeneralPostproc→ListResults→ElemTableData”菜單命令。在彈出對話框中選擇“I_N”、“J_N”、“I_V”、“J_V”、“I_M”、“J_M”,單擊【OK】。軸力圖剪力圖彎矩圖單元內(nèi)力表PRINTELEMENTTABLEITEMSPERELEMENT*****POST1ELEMENTTABLELISTING*****STATCURRENTCURRENTCURRENTCURRENTCURRENTCURRENTELEMI_NJ_NI_VJ_VI_MJ_M1-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.69024E+06-0.60846E+06-0.82573E+06-0.49925E+062-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.60846E+06-0.52667E+06-0.49925E+06-0.21389E+063-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.52667E+06-0.44489E+06-0.21389E+0630348.4-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.44489E+06-0.36311E+0630348.0.23347E+065-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.36311E+06-0.28133E+060.23347E+060.39547E+066-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.28133E+06-0.19954E+060.39547E+060.51636E+067-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.19954E+06-0.11776E+060.51636E+060.59613E+068-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.11776E+06-35977.0.59613E+060.63477E+069-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-35977.45805.0.63477E+060.63230E+0610-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+0645805.0.12759E+060.63230E+060.58871E+0611-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.12759E+060.20937E+060.58871E+060.50401E+0612-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.20937E+060.29115E+060.50401E+060.37818E+0613-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.29115E+060.37294E+060.37818E+060.21123E+0614-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.37294E+060.45472E+060.21123E+063170.715-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.45472E+060.53650E+063170.7-0.24601E+0616-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.53650E+060.61829E+06-0.24601E+06-0.53631E+0617-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.61829E+060.70007E+06-0.53631E+06-0.86773E+0618-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.70007E+060.78185E+06-0.86773E+06-0.12403E+0719-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.78192E+06-0.70013E+06-0.12403E+07-0.86770E+0620-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.70013E+06-0.61835E+06-0.86770E+06-0.53625E+0621-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.61835E+06-0.53657E+06-0.53625E+06-0.24591E+0622-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.53657E+06-0.45478E+06-0.24591E+063300.223-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.45478E+06-0.37300E+063300.20.21140E+0624-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.37300E+06-0.29122E+060.21140E+060.37837E+0625-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.29122E+06-0.20944E+060.37837E+060.50423E+0626-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.20944E+06-0.12765E+060.50423E+060.58897E+0627-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-0.12765E+06-45870.0.58897E+060.63259E+0628-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+06-45870.35913.0.63259E+060.63510E+0629-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+0635913.0.11770E+060.63510E+060.59648E+0630-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.11770E+060.19948E+060.59648E+060.51675E+0631-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.19948E+060.28126E+060.51675E+060.39589E+0632-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.28126E+060.36304E+060.39589E+060.23392E+0633-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.36304E+060.44483E+060.23392E+0630833.34-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.44483E+060.52661E+0630833.-0.21338E+0635-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.52661E+060.60839E+06-0.21338E+06-0.49870E+0636-0.32142E+06-0.32142E+060.60839E+060.69018E+06-0.49870E+06-0.82515E+0637-91902.-91902.-0.14238E+06-0.12660E+06-0.21647E+06-0.14885E+0638-91902.-91902.-0.12660E+06-0.11081E+06-0.14885E+06-89173.39-91902.-91902.-0.11081E+06-95022.-89173.-37430.40-91902.-91902.-95022.-79235.-37430.6376.441-91902.-91902.-79235.-63447.6376.442245.42-91902.-91902.-63447.-47660.42245.70176.43-91902.-91902.-47660.-31873.70176.90170.44-91902.-91902.-31873.-16086.90170.0.10223E+0645-91902.-91902.-16086.-298.400.10223E+060.10634E+0646-91902.-91902.-298.4015489.0.10634E+060.10253E+0647-91902.-91902.15489.31276.0.10253E+0690770.48-91902.-91902.31276.47063.90770.71076.49-91902.-91902.47063.62850.71076.43445.50-91902.-91902.62850.78638.43445.7876.651-91902.-91902.78638.94425.7876.6-35629.52-91902.-91902.94425.0.11021E+06-35629.-87073.53-91902.-91902.0.11021E+060.12600E+06-87073.-0.14645E+0654-91902.-91902.0.12600E+060.14179E+06-0.14645E+06-0.21377E+0655-91902.-91902.-0.14180E+06-0.12601E+06-0.21377E+06-0.14645E+0656-91902.-91902.-0.12601E+06-0.11022E+06-0.14645E+06-87061.57-91902.-91902.-0.11022E+06-94437.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APDL方式:FINI/CLE/PREP7 !進入前處理器ET,1,BEAM3 !定義單元類型ET,2,COMBIN14R,1,.8,.8**3/12,.8 !定義實常數(shù)R,2,.6,.6**6/12,.6R,3,1,1/12,1R,4,.9,.9**3/12,.9R,5,.4**2*ACOS(-1),ACOS(1)*.8**4/64,.8R,6,77.4E6MP,EX,1,3e10 !定義材料屬性MP,PRXY,1,.2MP,DENS,1,2500SECTYPE,1,BEAM,RECT,DINGBAN,0 !定義截面SECOFFSET,CENTSECDATA,1,.9SECTYPE,2,BEAM,RECT,ZHONG,0SECOFFSET,CENTSECDATA,1,.6SECTYPE,3,BEAM,RECT,DIBAN,0SECOFFSET,CENTSECDATA,1,1SECTYPE,4,BEAM,RECT,BIANQIANG,0SECOFFSET,CENTSECDATA,1,.9SECTYPE,5,BEAM,CSOLID,ZHONGZHU,0SECOFFSET,CENTSECDATA,.4K,1, ,-4.513 !建立幾何模型K,2, ,-8.023K,3, ,-9.413K,4, ,-15.763K,5,9.05 ,-4.513K,6,9.05 ,-9.413K,7,9.05 ,-15.763K,8,18.1 ,-4.513K,9,18.1 ,-8.023K,10,18.1 ,-9.413K,11,18.1 ,-15.763L,1,5L,5,8L,3,6L,6,10L,4,7L,7,11L,(4:2:-1),(3:1:-1)L,(5:6:1),(6:7:1)L,(8:10:1),(9:11:1)LSEL,S,LOC,Y,-4.513 !劃分網(wǎng)格LATT,1,1,1,,,,1 !設置劃分的單元的屬性LSEL,S,LOC,Y,-9.

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