2023學(xué)年完整公開課版語(yǔ)法專題（六）

第六講語(yǔ)法專題（六）編寫人-郭利燕審核人-趙金燕【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)合句（賓語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句）。2.中考題型專練（完形填空、閱讀理解、語(yǔ)法填空、書面表達(dá)）?！局攸c(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】一、賓語(yǔ)從句1.定義：賓語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞之后。2.引導(dǎo)詞:（1）that引導(dǎo)陳述句，that可以省略。Eg.Theradiosays______itwillraintomorrow.（2）whether或if引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句，意為“是否”。Eg.Iwonder______you’vetoldthenewstohim.（3）which,what,who,how,where,why,when等引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。Eg.Couldyoutellme______hesaidtoyou?Ididn’tknow______helived.3.時(shí)態(tài)：（1）主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Eg.Tonywantstoknowwhenyou______(get)upthismorning.（2）主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。WeaskedwhatJohn______(do)then.（3）從句是客觀事實(shí)、格言、科學(xué)真理等時(shí)，從句不受主句限制，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Eg.Lisaaskedwhetherlight______(go)fasterthansound.4.語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序，即“引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”（1）Whendidthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.____________（2）Dotheyoftenplaybasketball?Heasked.____________（3）Willyoubefreetomorrow?Sheaskedme.____________5.注意：賓語(yǔ)從句否定前移在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,believe,expect,imagine或suppose等時(shí)，如果主句主語(yǔ)為I/we時(shí)，從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)前移到這些詞的前面。（1）Idon’tthinkheisright.（2）Idon’tsupposehewillcome.拓展:（1）在介詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句Knowing______thelibrarywillbeoffonSunday,hedecidestogoshopping.（2）用在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)從句。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語(yǔ)從句作真正賓語(yǔ)，前面的it作形式賓語(yǔ)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)”。Webelieveitnecessary______youngmanshouldmakebestuseoftheiryouth.6.練一練(中考真題)：(1).…Youcanpicturethecharactersandbackgroundinyourheadandyoucanalsoimagine______thecharactersfeel.(2)Dadnoticed______shewasdoingandthrewherworkback.(3)“Uhsir,I,uh,amsellingthesemagazinesandIamwondering______you’dliketobuyone.”A.whatB.which C.whetherD.why(4)Whilehewasatworkinthegrove,thebirdscameclosetopickuptheworms(蠕蟲)inthefreshearthhedugup.Atfirst,theykepttheirdistancefromhim,buttheysoonfoundhewasakindman,andwouldnothurtthem,butlikedtohavethemnearthem.Thebirdsdidn’tgetclosetotheoldmanatfirstbecause___.A.heoftenhurtthem B.hedislikedthemnearhim.C.Theyknewlittleabouthim. D.theygotnofoodfromhim.二、定語(yǔ)從句1.定義：在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫______，通常位于定語(yǔ)從句之前。定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞稱為______，其位于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間，它既起到連接作用，又充當(dāng)從句的一個(gè)成分。2.先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞:（1）Ishetheboy(who/thatplaysbasketballwell)?(主語(yǔ))（2）Thisistheboy(whom/thathemetyesterday).(賓語(yǔ))（3）Theyrushedovertohelptheman(whosecarhadbrokendown).(定語(yǔ))（4）Thetrain(which/thathetook)waslateforanhour.(賓語(yǔ))3.難點(diǎn):（1）先行詞是不定代詞something,nothing,anything必須用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Iwanttodosomething______Ienjoy.（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞、thelast或adj.的最高級(jí)和先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾用that引導(dǎo)Thefirstthing______Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.（3）先行詞被all,any,every,each,few,little,much,no,some等修飾所修飾時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)Ihavereadallthebooks______yougaveme.（4）先行詞有人又有物，用that引導(dǎo)Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons______theyremembered4.練一練：（中考真題）(1)GuXiulian,directorofChinaNationalCommitteeforthewell-beingoftheYouth,saidthatwestillneedthespirit______makestheworldfullofwarmthtoday.(2)Motherisalwaysreadytogive______shehastoherchildren,nottoreceive.(3)Theschoolhastwobands______areknownasthetrainingbandandtheconcertband.(4)Theyknewthisbyhiskindeyesandvoice,whichtellwhatisintheheart.So,daybydaytheirfaithinhislovegrewinthem.A.承諾B.祝福C.希望D.信任(5)Forexample,whoever______(break)thetrafficrulesshouldbepunished.三、狀語(yǔ)從句練一練：（中考真題）ShelivedinChina______shewasyoung.IforgotthatIwasinclass______Ms.Smithcamebymydesk.SlowlyIbegantorememberback--______Granddaddied,weusedtovisittheminKentucky.What’sthis?______Ihadthefirstbite,Iknew:mashedpotatoes.Alsoalong-timedinnerathomewithallthefamilytalkingabouttheirdayisawaytotakeagoodrest______along,harddayofwork.InChina,peopleliketotalkandlaugh______theyareeating.Ifollowedgrandfatherthere,watchinghimtakephotosofcows______theyshowedhimtheirbacksides.A.untilB.whenC.soD.unless8.SmokinghasnotbeenallowedinpublicplacesinEngland______July2022.【鞏固訓(xùn)練】一、語(yǔ)法填空WhenIwasinschool,Iwasveryfat.Ithought1.______niceclotheslookedveryuglyonme.Iwasverysad.However,Ichangedmymind2.______myfriendstookmetoapartyonenight.Atthepartymyfriendsallwenttodance,butIthoughtIwouldlookfunny3.______Idanced.SoIsatinthecornerofthehallandwatchedothers4.______(dance).“Don’tyoulikedancing?”agirlnexttomeasked.“Ilikeit,butI…”“Butyoucan’t,right?”thegirlasked5.______Icouldfinishmywords.“Youareright.”Ianswered.Iwashappythatthegirl6.______(help)mefindareason.“Whydon’tyouaskyourfriends7.______(teach)you?”Sheasked.“I’mtoofat.Iwon’tlookniceifIdance,”Isaid.8.______(hear)this,thegirlsaid,“Therearemanythings9.______wecanenjoyinlife.Don’tletyourshapeinfluenceyourlife.Youshouldbe10.______(thank)thatyouhaveahealthybody.HowIwishthatIcoulddancelikeyou!”ItwasthenthatIfoundthegirlinawheelchair(輪椅).AtthattimeIfeltIwasverylucky.ThenIstoodupanddancedwithmyfriends.二、閱讀理解WhenoursonBradleywasten,thenewbicyclehehadreceivedearlierthatyearwasstolen.Owningabicyclewasabigdealtoourchildrenwhentheywerelittle.Theyspenthoursandhours,dayafterday,ontheirbicycles,ridingupanddownthefootpath,andatthefrontofthehouse.Wealsorodetogetherasafamilyalot.Bicyclingwasagreatwaytogetthekidsoutofthehouseandintothefreshairwithoutspendinganymoney.BradleyhaddiscoveredthathisbicyclehadbeenstolenfromourbackyardinCampbelltown,SouthAustralia,whenheandhissisterwentoutsideforamorningride.Hecouldn'tbelievethatsomeonewoulddothis.Hegotalargepieceofcardboard,paintedasignbeggingforthebicycletobereturned,andtiedthesigntotheletterbox.Thefollowingmorning,whenIwentouttocollectthemail,Ifoundawhiteenvelopewiththemagicalwords,“Buyyourselfanewbicycle”,Therewasa$100banknoteinside.Wewereverytouchedthatsomeonehadthehearttodothis.We’veneverbeenabletothankthepersonbutwesuspect(猜想)thatitmayhavebeenoneofourwonderfulneighbors,Bradleypaintedabig“2!”onthesignandweleftitoutsideforacoupleofweeksafterwards,hopingthekindstrangerwoulddrivedownourstreet.AdelightedBradleywasabletobuyanewbicycle.Astheyearswenton,thebicyclesbecamebiggerandmoreexpensivebutremainedjustasimportantforthosefamilybicyclerides,NowBradleyis25.SometimesImissthedayswhenreceivingabicyclewasthebestthingintheworldtothem.Alltheseyearslaterwearestillthankfulforthestrangers’kindness.Wewereayoungfamilywiththreelittlechildrenanditmeantalottous.Westilltalkaboutitand,evennow,wonderwhothekindstrangerwas.1.Accordingtothepassage,Bradleyoften______whenhewasachild.A.rodeabike B.madesignsC.Tookawalk D.collectedmails2.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttofillintheblankinParagraph4?A.Comeback B.ThankyouC.Anewbicycle D.Agoodboy3.Fromtheactionofthestranger,wecanlearnthat______?A.lovebuildsawarmfamily B.aspecialmemorylastslongC.happinessmakesabetterlife D.akindnesshelpsalot4.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe______.A.A