土木工程-畢業(yè)設(shè)計-論文-外文翻譯-中英文對照

英文原文

：reinforcementdesigno

aⅠCo.,Ltd.HeilongjiangDongyuⅡHeilongjiangProvince,BuildingFoundationEngineeringLtd.CoalAbstract

structureinlong-termnaturalenvironmentuseenvironment'sfunctioninevitablygradually,ourengineering'snotjustmustfinishperiodprojectbutbeablethescienceappraisaltheandadoptsthemethodguaranteestructureuse,thatreinforcementwillbecomeanimportantwork.foreseewillbe21stcentury,humanbyconcretestructure,steelstructure,structurethepresentstageIwillusinthisaspectthisasthemainbreakthroughdirection.Keyword：Concretereinforcementreinforcementstructurereinforcement1Concretestructurestructure'sreinforcementdirectreinforcementreinforcesindirectly,whendesigntotheactualtheoperationbeingsuitablemethodthenecessarytechnology.1.1generalmethod）reinforcementlawcast-in-placelevelinmemberinbendingcompressionzone,mayincreasesectioneffectiveheight,thesectionalarea,enhancesthetheobliqueabilityreinforcementreinforcementrole.InsuitabletheconcretestherightcapacitywiththeareaofreinforcementInoriginalrightratioreinforcementnottoohighsituation,increasesthereinforcementareatobetherightanti-curvedcapacityeffectively.pulledinthethesection,partialandoriginaljointwork,butenhancescapacityeffectively,improvementnormaloperationalperformance.1sectionreinforcementconstructioncrafthasthetheconstructionexperience;IsinLiang,thewallthestructureButsceneconstruction'swetoperatingislong,tohascertaininfluencethelife,andreinforcingthebuildingclearancecertain2)concreteslawlaw'swithmethodofsectionsbedoesaffectbuilding'sclearance,butexistenceconstructionwetoperatingtimelongshortcoming;somewhatloworhassoonseriousdefectLiang,columnincompressionzonereinforcement.3)outsourcingsectionreinforcementlawOutsidetheBaotouFactoryiswrapsinthesectionoutside,outsidethereinforcesconcreteLiangtouseoutsourcingusestheepoxyresinificationbeinthemilksoonwithtoreinforceconstructioncommissiontowhole,reinforcementcomponent,becauseispulledwithcompressedcrosssectionallargeenhancement,thereforerightcapacityandlawsaidthatwetoutsidereinforcementlaw,thereliable,theconstructionistheisbutiswiththeusesinabovenotinnon-protection'sthesuitableallowinincreasesize,requeststoitscapacitytheconcretereinforcement.4)thereinforcementlawOutsidethememberinsticksreinforcementispulledinsupportingcapacityinsufficientsectorrightzoneobliquesection)thesuperficialglueplate,likemayiscapacity,constructsconveniently.lawisthescenenothastheontoissmallwithlifeinfluence,istheoriginaloutwardoriginalaffects,butreinforcementisdecidedgreatextentthegummyoperationallevel;Isinthewithstandingstaticandisintheenvironmenttothememberreinforcement.5)reinforcementplasticlaw2Outsidepastesthetextilefiberispasteswiththefibrereinforcementmaterialstopullregion,causesitwithtoreinforcesectionjointwork,thecapacitygoal.hasthesimilarmerit,butalsohasanticorrosivebearsmoistly,doesnotincreasetheofnearly,maintenancelowstatusmerit,butneedsfireprotectionprocessing,issuitableinkindofstressnatureconcreteandlaw'swithenlargemethodsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementisinsufficientinthestructureobliquecapacity,ormustexerttomembersituation.6)Reelinglawlaw'swithenlargemethodsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementisinsufficientinthestructureobliquecapacity,ormustexerttomembersituation.7)anchorlawlawissuitableintheC20~C60load-bearingmembertransformation,Itisnotsuitablealreadytheabovewhichandthelightmakes1.2reinforcement'sgeneral1)Pre-stressedlawintheexteriortheintensionbarhasthisstrengthonthroughpole(,tensionbarLiangboardbottomfitting,tensioncanlookforwiththishastransmitdirectlyforcomponentsurface),hasthefunctionincomponent,thisfunctionhasovercomethebendingmomentwhichoutsideloadreducedthusanti-curvedability.Atsamebecausethetensionpassestopressurecanthecontrol,obliquesectionanti-tothecapacityalongwithitofliftingstem'sthecomponent'sbybendseccentricafterthereinforcement,capacityinbendstheconditiontheoriginalcapacity。(2)Aftertheusesunderthepre-stressedto3thetensionbarreinforcementbytoreinforcetheundersupportsthecompoundultrasystemwhichthetensioncomposed,undertheloadpre-stressedinthebartheaxial(nextsupportsandpoleendwithtransmitsforiscomponent,hastheload,theoriginalsectionendogenicforcecharacteristic,sharpenedlawreduceisreinforcementeffectbegood,canscopetheoverallsupportingcertaininfluencetotheoriginalIsaswellasthehighstress,thehighreinforcementthegreatthereinforcement,inthenon-protection'suseintheaboveinisalsosuitableintheconcreteshrinkagecontinuousbiglawTheadditionreinforcementlawthroughtheinbendingspan,thereducedinisonthethegoal.Thissimplereliable,toharmbuilding'soriginalconditiontheusefunction,possiblyreducestheintermreinforcement.1.3Hasgenerallywiththeconcretereinforcement1)requesttradesthetechnologyItjoist(eithertruss)openscolumn(orjoistterminaljoisttradestechnologiessoonBelongstoonekindofbyrelatedstructurereinforcement,thegoesagainstwithrepositionwellabandonsandsoondemolitionbecomposed;Isinbuilding'stransformation;withthetraditionalpractices,hastheconstructiontimetobeshort,theexpenselow,slightlytothelifeproduction,buttospecification,mustbyskilledcanthesecurity.）theItisitemanddirectthestructure,connectiontheanchorMayimplanttheordinarybar,mayalso4implantbolttypeanchormuscle;Haswidelyinbuilding'sreinforcementforIntheconstructionleaksburiesthebarthethetherecovery,thesectionmakethesuperstructureexpandsgoesagainstrisestoLiang,byjoining,thehouseconstructionadditionshearingforcewalltheon.）tothecause,characterthesize,usesealdifferentlyprotectmethodonofskillwhichthebecausetocrackreducestheusefunctionthecanIsinineachkindofcrackprocessing,buttothestressbesidespatching,shouldusetheinternalpatchinglawwithforcingthepressureconcretescrack,renderstheupandcominggenerationtosewupthemakesthethroughitscementationtorestorethethismethodissuitableforcrackisbig,andonisinfluentialintegritysecurity,orhasrequestsoonwaterproofanti-seepagecrackpatching.）concretesIttothroughrestores(inactivation)orimpedanceenablethesteelcorrosionwhichcarbonizationthetechnology.）treatmentIttousescleaningupsurfacestains,oilmark,aswelltheonsandvacuuminjectionmethodskill.）CoagulationmantleofsoilsealtechnologyIttousesflexiblemethodsandsobackfill,filmonwaterproofingtoconcretes,moisture-proofagainstprocessingLikestructure,thetechnology,theadjustmentbaseandon.）OtherLikestructure,theshifttechnology,thestructuretechnologyandsoon.2structureBricking-upstructurereinforcementstructure'sreinforcementdividesintodirectreinforcementreinforces5indirectly,theactactualconditionoperationbeing2.1suitableforthereinforcementmethod1)superimposedlayerlawtocompoundreinforcementmethodkind.Itsmeritthecraftsimple,afterthereinforcement,thecapacityhasenhancesthematureconstructionexperience;suitableincolumn,beltwallItsisthesceneoperatingtimetohascertainwithlife,afterreinforcingthebuildinghasreduction.2)reinforcementlawtocompoundreinforcementmethodkind.Itsmeritandoutsidethereinforcementlawisbutthesupportingtoinferiortheformer;suitableinthebricking-upwallreinforcement,usesinoutsideconcretesuperimposedreinforcementbeltcolumnwallthebothonwallstirrupthe3)theholdsthereinforcementlawlawthereinforcementkind.Itsmeritthesuperimposedlayeralsowiththeoutside,butcapacityenhancesdifficultsatisfytheresistancegenerallyonlyincountry2.2suitableforthereinforcement）outsourcingreinforcementlawtotraditionalmethod,isconstructionissimple,sceneworkloadthewetworkstressisIsindoesnotallowtotheoriginalsize,requestssupportingcapacityscaletheItsishighfortheexpense,andmuststeelthe2)pre-stressedreinforcementlawlawthegreatsharpenthecapacity,thereinforcementisIsthehighreinforcementinreinforcement;6shortcominguseinintheabove2.3bricking-upconstructivityreinforcementand1)additionreinforcementWhenthegridestablishmentdoesnotthecodetheverticalcrosswallinterfacenipsrubshasobviousthehouseintegrityshouldadditionallygridonreinforcement2)additionallybuildspadWhenthethebricksettingthewallunderpartialorsummerbeampartialshouldadditionallybuildLiangthetocarryreinforcement.bricking-upopensbuildsWhenhousepartialbreakageinvestigatingthoroughlyitsbreakagewhennotload-bearingthesecurity,mayburstwallpartialdemolition,andenhancesthemortarfillinwithfull4)bricking-upcrackBeforecarryingonpatching,shouldacttobricking-upfactorsandsodeterminedthatthecrackreason,withaimofcarryingonpatchingorreinforcement3structuresmethod:ThestructuremethodReducestheload,thegraph,toenlargeunitthejointstrength,growthon.Whenhasmatureexperience,mayalsouseotherreinforcement1)thestructuregraphThecomputationreinforcementistotheloadcondition,way,nodenaturetheboundarycondition,thetheexertspre-stressedandsoconsiderationspaceoperationonthetostructuremethodcomponentsectiontheUseswhenthesectionthechoosestheformbeinthereinforcementspecificationconsideredalready7hasthecondition.3)connectionreinforcementandreinforcingconnectionThethejoint,rivet,theboltandthehighchoice,thereasonthegoal,stresscondition,thestructuretheconditionsneedstoreinforceaccordingtostructure,andconsidersthestructureconnectionmethoddetermination.Thestructuregeneralthejointthefrictionhighstrengthboldsuitably,hasthealsousejointfrictionhighbolt'smixedWhenusesthejointconnects,shoulduseevaluationapprovalprocessthematerial.4)crackandreinforcementstructuretheofmaterial,thestructure,thetheworkimproperonhastheortimethetendentiousdamage,trytoBeforerepair,hastheinfluencegravity,improvementpracticalworktarget-orientedorcarriesonreinforcementtheisusesrepairreinforcementshouldgivethedemolitionreplacement.8中文翻譯：混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)配筋設(shè)計SheyanboⅠWangchenjiaⅠ基礎(chǔ)工程有限公司黑龍江東宇Ⅱ黑龍江省東建筑地基基礎(chǔ)工程有限公司煤摘要在期的自然的環(huán)境下使環(huán)境的功能結(jié)構(gòu)其功能減弱不可避免地漸漸地我們的結(jié)構(gòu)工程的責(zé)任不只是必須完成建設(shè)前期項(xiàng)目工作須夠科學(xué)評價結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞目標(biāo)法律和程度并用有效的方法保結(jié)構(gòu)的安全使用結(jié)構(gòu)加固將成為一個重要的工作什么可以預(yù)見將是21世紀(jì)，人類建筑的混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)等為主另外，現(xiàn)階段我會覺得在結(jié)構(gòu)加固我們這方面的研究也應(yīng)借此作為主要的突破方向。關(guān)鍵詞：混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)鋼筋結(jié)構(gòu)加固1混土結(jié)構(gòu)加固混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的加固分為直接加固加強(qiáng)間接兩種設(shè)時可根據(jù)實(shí)際條件和使用要求選擇適宜的方法和必要的技術(shù)。1.1直加固的一般方法1）大段加法添加混凝土現(xiàn)澆鋼筋發(fā)生水平彎曲受壓區(qū)混凝土構(gòu)件能會增加部分有效高度大面面積而提高了組件的右側(cè)部分反彎面抗切割能力部分剛度到固補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的作用。在適當(dāng)?shù)募∪夥秶兓炷翉澢慕M件的右側(cè)部分配套能力著鋼筋面積和強(qiáng)度的提高增加原的組件的右側(cè)部鋼筋的比例不太高的情況加了主要加固面積有可能提出的高原組件的右側(cè)部分抗彎曲能力效地支持拉一節(jié)中通過新的加拿大部分和原構(gòu)件共同工作的領(lǐng)域添加現(xiàn)澆現(xiàn)澆混凝土外套組成部分增加，但提高了有效成分的配套能力，改善正常的經(jīng)營業(yè)績。放大段加固法施工工藝簡單，兼容，并具有成熟的設(shè)計和施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在梁，板，柱，墻和一般結(jié)構(gòu)用混凝土加固;現(xiàn)場施工的濕作業(yè)時間長，對生產(chǎn)與生活有一定的影響，并加強(qiáng)建筑清拆后有一定減少。2）換混凝加固法該法與放大優(yōu)點(diǎn)的部分方法被關(guān)閉經(jīng)過加強(qiáng)的不響建筑物的清拆但樣存在施工濕作業(yè)時間長的缺點(diǎn);合偏低或有混凝土承運(yùn)人等嚴(yán)重缺陷梁，柱受壓區(qū)混凝土強(qiáng)度的鋼筋。3）結(jié)外包加固法外包頭鋼鐵廠強(qiáng)化是在部分或鋼板包裹是鋼筋構(gòu)件的外包頭鋼鐵廠強(qiáng)化鋼筋混凝土梁使用濕外包法律一般采環(huán)樹脂化中的牛奶等上與方法加段施工委員會蛋糕一個整體加固后的組件因?yàn)槭菈嚎s鋼橫截面面積大幅度提高拉以右側(cè)部分配套能力和部分剛性大幅度的提高。該法還表示，包頭鋼鐵廠外濕加固法，應(yīng)力可靠，施工簡便，現(xiàn)場工作量小，但與鋼材數(shù)量大，不宜在上面，在非℃用途，保的形勢高溫場;合不允許在使用明顯增加原構(gòu)件截面尺寸，但要求以增強(qiáng)其承載能力的大型混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的加固。4）鋼加固外面的鋼筋彎曲混凝土構(gòu)件粘鋼加固邊部分被拉到在組件配套能力不足的積，右側(cè)部分受壓區(qū)或斜截面面鋼板樣可以提高是增強(qiáng)組件的配套能力施工方便。9該法施工速度快現(xiàn)場工作或不上只有少數(shù)濕抹灰工程等生產(chǎn)與生活的影響小經(jīng)過加強(qiáng)的不著原有結(jié)構(gòu)的外和原定清拆影響加固效果是決定由膠粘工藝和操作水平很大程度上，是在合適的承受靜態(tài)函數(shù)，而在正常的濕度環(huán)境是彎曲或拉構(gòu)件加固。5）膠纖維強(qiáng)塑料加固法外貼纖維加固與膠結(jié)材料粘貼在該組件是加強(qiáng)該地區(qū)的拉纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料一節(jié)加強(qiáng)聯(lián)合工作達(dá)到磨練組件承載力的目的了具有類似膠水的鋼板的優(yōu)點(diǎn)又具有防腐泥濘耐潮濕不增加自身結(jié)構(gòu)重量近用護(hù)費(fèi)用低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)但需要特殊的防火處理，是適合各種應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的性質(zhì)和一般建設(shè)。此法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)與擴(kuò)大部分將接近法是適用于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的斜截面承載力不足，或必須施加橫向約束力的擠壓成員的情況。6）絲法此法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)與擴(kuò)大部分將接近法是適用于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的斜截面承載力不足，或必須施加橫向約束力的擠壓成員的情況。7）桿錨固方這項(xiàng)法律是在合適的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級為的混凝土C60的重成員改造，加固，它已經(jīng)不適合上述結(jié)構(gòu)，素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，光認(rèn)真適合很體面。1.2間加固的一般方法1）應(yīng)力加法（），強(qiáng)調(diào)加強(qiáng)橫向拉桿彎曲混凝土的成員，因?yàn)閺?qiáng)調(diào)，增加外部裝入拉桿的共同作用有軸向張力通過桿結(jié)束這一部分的人數(shù)上的偏心傳輸（當(dāng)拉桿與梁底部表面緊密貼合板，拉桿可以尋找調(diào)整與組件一起，這股熱潮已分壓傳輸組件底部表面直接組件中的偏心壓縮功能個能經(jīng)克服彎矩以外的部分負(fù)荷生產(chǎn)外荷載效應(yīng)降低而激化組件的抗彎曲能力時于拉桿傳遞給組件的壓力的作用件裂紋的發(fā)展可以緩解，控制，斜截面反減的配套能力也增強(qiáng)與它一起。作為水平提升干的函數(shù)的結(jié)果，原來的組件的部分由收到彎曲應(yīng)力的特點(diǎn)變成了偏心受壓，因此，在加固，組件的配套能力，主要是在彎曲決定的條件下，原始組件的配套能力。（）鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件在使用前強(qiáng)調(diào)，要支持類型拉桿加固決定，形成個由組件和加強(qiáng)支持下的復(fù)合超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)體系的類型拉桿組成外荷載和預(yù)應(yīng)力的綜合作用拉具有軸力，并通過與組件的結(jié)合的是增強(qiáng)了組件站點(diǎn)發(fā)送（未來支持和極端錨固點(diǎn)出部分的負(fù)載反平衡，改變了原有構(gòu)件截面內(nèi)生力特性，從而激化組件的承載能力。此法可減少是鋼筋構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力水平僅使加固效果好且能大范圍提高結(jié)構(gòu)的整體配套能力，但經(jīng)過加固，有一定的影響，對原結(jié)構(gòu)外觀，適合作為以及在高壓力，高緊張狀態(tài)混凝土構(gòu)件的加固在跨度或型結(jié)構(gòu)加固但在非保護(hù)的情況下不使用在上述環(huán)境中的600的溫度，也沒有合適的用途不斷變化的混凝土收縮大結(jié)構(gòu)。2）加配套固法此外支點(diǎn)加固法的通過在彎曲有效跨度減少成員少功能組件上進(jìn)行效果增強(qiáng)，提高了結(jié)構(gòu)承載水平的目的該簡單可靠但易損害建筑物的原貌和使用功能可能并減少使用空;是在混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加混凝土許可期限合適。與混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固改造配套使用的技術(shù)1.3Has一1）業(yè)的技要求這是托梁（或桁架）打開列（或墻托梁和托梁和柱行業(yè)的技術(shù)叫一般左;屬于一種綜合技術(shù)由相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)加固，上層建筑違背與上升重新定位以及放棄等部件拆卸組成技術(shù)，適合在有建筑物的加固改造;與傳統(tǒng)做法相比，具有施工時短，費(fèi)用低，影響和對案情非10常輕微對生活和生產(chǎn)，但高到規(guī)范，必須完成由熟練的工人，可以確保安全。2）物的肌技術(shù)這是一項(xiàng)很簡單和直接的混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，有效連接和錨固技術(shù);可入普通鋼筋，也可植入螺栓式錨肌肉已廣泛應(yīng)用在了建筑的加固改造工程，例如：在施工中泄漏埋鋼筋或鋼筋偏離設(shè)計位置的復(fù)蘇組增加了加固來彌補(bǔ)肌肉，上層建筑擴(kuò)大交叉，對上升去梁通過加入延長，房子疊加終端和層高層建筑剪力墻除了植物的肌肉等。3）縫修補(bǔ)術(shù)根據(jù)混凝土裂縫的原因性和模，使用印章不同的保護(hù)方法進(jìn)行修補(bǔ)種能會致結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榇驌魷p少使用功能，和耐久性能恢復(fù);適合于有在建筑裂縫處理每一種，但對應(yīng)力裂紋修補(bǔ)之外應(yīng)使相應(yīng)的加固措施部修補(bǔ)法與強(qiáng)制泵壓混凝土膠凝材料的裂紋，呈現(xiàn)年輕或行動和未來一代縫合功能，使得通過其膠結(jié)恢