名師指點2022英語高考二輪復習之16閱讀理解

名師指點2022英語高考二輪復習(考點+演練+預測)之閱讀理解河南省安陽市虹橋中學馬國民得閱讀者得高考！在高考中，閱讀理解歷年來一直是重頭戲，占的分值較高，因此，在備考中要有所側(cè)重。高考考試大綱要求考生讀懂公告、說明、廣告以及書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短說明，考生應能理解主旨和要義；理解文中具體信息；根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；作出簡單判斷和推理；理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度。在做閱讀理解題時，可采用略讀、跳讀、推讀、細讀等技巧速讀全文，重視主題句、中心思想、主要內(nèi)容、首尾之間的聯(lián)系及因果關(guān)系等，忽略細節(jié)、補充、說明、解釋、定語和狀語等修飾部分。為了提高效率，可先看一下短文后的題目，弄清具體問題后，帶著問題再去閱讀短文，就會有所側(cè)重，就會大大增強針對性和實效性。從典型真題看高考閱讀理解的考查1.對細節(jié)理解能力的考查(2022新課程卷)WhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn’ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagically（魔術(shù)般）appear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn’tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilkthusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete(競爭).Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticedtohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.1tookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(門廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.56.Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.A.toshowhismagicalpowerC.tosatisfyhiscuriosityB.topayforthedeliveryD.topleasehismother57.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouse?A.Hewantedtohaveteathere.C.Hewastreatedasafamilymember.B.Hewasarespectableperson.D.Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.技巧點撥：短文主要講述了作者小時候全家人與送奶工之間的深情厚誼，彼此相互信任，相互關(guān)心，是一段令人難忘的美好記憶。56.答案：C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段“…couldn’ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchanger…”，可知，主要是好奇心強，故正確答案為C。58.答案：B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“…companiesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.”，可知正確答案為B?！局R拓展】事實細節(jié)主要用于支撐、闡述和解釋短文的中心。這一類的題是閱讀理解的最常見題型，在整個閱讀題中占的比例是最大的。事實理解題的題干內(nèi)容主要包括時間、地點、人物、過程、數(shù)據(jù)等方面，其常見形式有：(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE/NOTTRUE?(2)Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue（right）/false(notcorrect)?(4)When/Wheredidthestoryhappen?(5)Thewritermentionsallthefollowingexcept_________.(6)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTdiscussed/included/mentionedinthepassage?(7)Allofthefollowing/thestatementsaretrueexcept_________.確定細節(jié)理解題的答案必須忠于原文，緊扣短文材料進行答題，切忌加入自己的主觀想法。事實細節(jié)題幾乎都可以在短文中直接找到與答案相關(guān)的信息或是其變體。做題時一般采用尋讀法，先讀題，弄清題意，帶著問題再快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，并且進行分析對比，找出最佳答案?！九e一反三】(2022新課程卷)Shakespeare’sBirthplaceandExhibitionofShakespeare’sWordWelcometotheworld-famoushousewhereWilliamShakespearewasbornin1564andwherehegrewup.Theproperty(房產(chǎn))remainedintheownershipofShakespeare’sfamilyuntilHousehaswelcomedvisitorstravelingfromallovertheworld,forover250years.EnterthroughtheVisitors’CentreandseethehighlypraisedexhibitionShakespeare’sWord,alivelyandfullintroductiontothelifeandworkofShakespeare.StandintheroomswhereShakespearegrewup.DiscoverexamplesoffurnitureandneedleworkfromShakespeare’speriod.Enjoythetraditional(傳統(tǒng)的)Englishgarden,plantedwithtreesandflowersmentionedinpoet’sworks.TheBirthplaceiswithineasywalkingdistanceofallthecarparksshownonthemap;nearestisWindsorStreet(3minutes’’walk).&TheHousemaypresentdifficultiesbuttheVisitors’Centre,itsexhibition,andthegardenareaccessible(可勁的)towheelchairusers.TheShakespeareCoffeeHouse(oppositetheBirthplace).58.Awheelchairusermayneedhelptoenter_________.A.thehouseB.thegardenC.theVisitors’CentreD.theexhibitionhall技巧點撥：本篇短文是廣告宣傳類，主要是關(guān)于到莎士比亞故居參觀推介。58.答案：A。細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段可知，輪椅使用者能夠進入“theVisitors’Centre,itsexhibition…”，但是進入“theHouse”有困難。因此，正確答案為A。2.對推理判斷能力的考查(2022新課程卷)Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems，particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaign(發(fā)起運動)fortheneedsofthetall.hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurantsBedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheightitsays.Butitisnotjusttheextra-tailwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds，doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6'6"(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25％ofmen,whilethestandard6'3"bedcatersfor(滿足需要)lessthanhalfofthemale(男性)population,"saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,"Seven-footbedswouldworkfine."Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblemsSmalltables,whichmeanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthemareenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhereSomehavealreadytakennote,howeverAtQueensMoatHouses’CaledonianHotelinEdinburgh.6'6"bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.60.WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A.ToprovidebetterservicesC.TodrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetallB.TorebuildhotelsandrestaurantsD.Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers61.WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeirtricy?A.72B.7C.66D.63技巧點撥：短文是關(guān)于由TPCGB發(fā)起的一項社會運動，吸引人們對于高個人需要的注意力。60.答案：C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)“…formedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall…”，不難選出正確答案C，表示“為了吸引公眾對高個子人需要的注意”。61.答案：A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Seven-footbedswouldworkfine.”，可知本題的正確答案為A?！局R拓展】考生既要理解短文的字面意思，又要理解深層次的含義，包括作者的態(tài)度和意圖等。有時作者并未把意圖直接在短文中表達出來，這就需要考生根據(jù)短文的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進行揣摩分析，推理判斷作者沒有直接表達出來的言外之意和弦外之音。其題干的常見形式有：(1)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydealwith?(2)Whatisthewritertryingtotellus?(3)Thearticleiswrittentoexplain_________.(4)Allthedetailsinthispassagesupportthemainidea(5)Thepurposeofthepassageis_________.(6)Fromthepassageweknowthat__________.具體的語境對問題的答案能夠起到提示和制約的作用。在做這一類的題時，要全面把握和理解整個短文的主要內(nèi)容，弄清文中的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)文中的關(guān)鍵詞或者關(guān)鍵句，進行分析猜測作者的觀點和態(tài)度，挖掘深層次的含義，然后做出合理的判斷?！九e一反三】(2022新課程卷)Wanted,SomeoneforaKissWe’relookingforproducerstojoinusonthesoundofLondonKiss100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.FatherChristmasWe’relookingforaveryspecialperson,preferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSundays,10:30-16:oo.Excellentpay.Pleasecontact(聯(lián)系)theEnterpriseShoppingCentre,StationParade,Eastbourne.AccountantsAssistantWhenyoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeyourowndecisions,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.PleaseapplybysendingyourCV(簡歷)toMrs.R.Oglivie,Palmlacelimited.69.Whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates?A.Producer,LondonC.AccountantsAssistantD.SoftwareTrainer技巧點撥：短文是四則廣告。69.答案：C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段廣告信息“…suitableforaschoolleaver…”，可知正確答案為C。3.對詞義猜測能力的考查(2022新課程卷)CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband’sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily’soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit’sawin-winsituationallaround.”TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(經(jīng)濟),havetakenupvegetablesgardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaynotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex,someoftheGeorgeC.BallJr.,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetablesseedsandplantsareupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.64.Whatdoestheword“residents”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A.chickensB.tomatoesC.gardensD.people技巧點撥：短文主要講述了在日益高漲的生活成本下，人們?yōu)榱私档蜕畛杀?，進行種菜的生活場面。64.答案：A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“…becomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarriving…”，不難看出劃線詞指的就是“chickens”，故正確答案為A。【知識拓展】對短文中某個生詞的猜測是高考閱讀理解采用的常見題型之一，是考生應該具備的基本能力之一。猜測詞義是指在閱讀理解過程中根據(jù)短文提供的信息、背景知識、行文邏輯以及語言結(jié)構(gòu)等猜測推斷某個生詞、難詞、關(guān)鍵詞的詞義。英語詞匯的意義非常豐富，不同的語境可能會有不同的詞義。在答題時，在準確把握整個語篇的基礎上，可根據(jù)不同情況，采用以下幾種方法來推測生詞的具體詞義：通過構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義、通過同位關(guān)系猜測詞義、通過語法分析猜測詞義、通過對比關(guān)系猜測詞義、通過因果關(guān)系猜測詞義、通過定義解釋猜測詞義、通過比喻猜測詞義、通過生活常識猜測詞義以及通過上下文提示猜測詞義。【舉一反三】(2022新課程卷)Thereweresmilingchildrenalltheway.Clearlytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway,weretocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenang.Oftenwholefamiliesstoodoutsidetheirhomesandwavedandsmiledasifthoseonthetrainsweretheirfavoriterelatives.ThisisthesimplevillagepeopleofMalaysia.IwasIhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonatrain.Ididnotparticularyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadozenmagazinestoreadandreread.Ilookedaboutthetrain.TherewasnotonefamiliarIsighedandsatdowntoreadmyEconomicsItwasnotlongbeforethetrainwasacrosstheCausewayandinMalaysia.JohoreBaruwasjustanothercitylikeSingapore,soIwastiredoflookingatthecrowdsofpeopleastheyhurriedpast.Aswewentbeyondthecity,Iwatchedthestraightrowsofrubbertreesandmilesandmilesofgreen.Thenthefirstvillagecameintosight.ImmediatelyIcamealive,Idecidedtowaveback.Fromthenonmyjourneybecameinteresting.IthrewmymagazineintothewastebasketanddecidedtojoininMalaysianlife.Theneverythingcamealive.Themountainsseemedtospeaktome.Eventhetreesweresmiling.IstaredteverythingasifIwaslookingatitforthefirsttime.ThedaypassedfastandIevenforgottohavemylunchuntilIfelthungry.Ilookedatmywatchandwassurprisedthatitwas3:00pm.SoonthetrainpulledupatButterworthIlookedatthepeopleallaroundme.Theyalllookedbeautiful.Whenmyunclearrivewith,Ithrewmyaroundhimtogivehima(擁抱).Ihadneverdonethisbefore.Heseemedsurprisedandthenhisweather-beatenfacewarmedupwithahugesmile.Wewalkedarminarmtohiscar.Ilookedforwardtothereturnjourney.68.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbesttaketheplaceoftheword“relish”inthesecondparagraph?A.choose B.enjoyC.prepareforD.carryon技巧點撥：本文作者在火車旅途中的所見所聞使自己由最初的乏味到最后心情愉快，而且似乎一切都美好起來。68.答案：B。詞義猜測題。把握好上下文是做詞義猜測題的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)“relish”一詞前后的信息，特別是“…magazinestoreadandreread.”可推測出本題的正確答案為B。4.對主旨大意概括能力的考查(2022新課程卷)EDGEWOOD-EVERYmorningatDixieHeightsHighSchool,customerspourintoaspecialexperiment;thedistrict’sfirstcoffeerunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.Wellbeforeclassesstart,studentsandteachersorderLattesCappuccinosandHotChocolates.Then,duringthefirstperiodteacherscallinordersontheirroomphones,andstudentsmakedeliveries.Byclosingtimeat9.20a.m.,theshopusuallysells90drinks.“Whoevermadethechitea,Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood,”ChristyMcKinley,asecondyearstudent,announcedrecently,afterhangingupwiththeteacher.TheshopiscalledtheDixiePIT,whichstandsforPowerinTransition.Althoughsomeofthestudentsarenotdisabled,manyare,andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.Theylearnnotonlyhowtorunacoffeeshopbutalsohowtodealwiththenaffairs.Theykeepatimecardandreceivepaychecks,whichtheykeepincheckregisters.Special-educationteachersKimChevalierandSueCaseyintroducedtheDixiePITfromasimilarprogramatKennesawMountainHighSchoolinGeorgia.Notthatitwaseasy.Chevaliver’sfirstproblemtoovercomewasproduct-related.Shouldschoolbesellingcoffee?Whataboutsugarcontent?KentonCountyFoodServiceDirectorGingerGrayhelped.Shemadesureallthedrinks,whichusenonfatmilk,fellwithinnutrition(營養(yǎng))guidelines.Thewholeschoolhasjoinedintohelp.Teachersagreedtogiveuptheirlounge(休息室)inthemornings.Artstudentspaintedthenameoftheshoponthewall.Businessstudentsdesignedthepaychecks.Thebasketballteamhelpedpayforcups.59.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingcoffee.B.Aspecialeducationalprogram.C.Governmentsupportforschools.D.Anewtypeofteacher-studentrelationship.技巧點撥：本文主要介紹了某學校的學生參與經(jīng)營、管理咖啡店，來培養(yǎng)實踐能力，為將來的生活做好準備。59.答案：B。主旨大意。本文的中心內(nèi)容就是把學生參與經(jīng)營管理作為一項教育計劃，這種做法本身就很特別，因此，正確答案為B。其它選項容易排除?！局R拓展】主旨大意題主要考查考生對短文的文章大意進行歸納和概括的能力。這一類的題可能針對的是某一個段落，也可能針對的是整個短文，其題干的常見方式有：(1)What’sthemainidea/topic/subject/pointofthispassage?(2)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(3)Fromthepassageweknowthat__________.(4)Whatisthewritertryingtotellus?(5)Themain(general)ideaofthepassageis_________.(6)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydealwith?(7)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemainpointofthepassage?(8)Allthedetailsinthispassagesupportthemainidea__________.在做這類題時，先應找出短文的主題句，找出了文章的主題句，也就明確了文章的中心，之后采用略讀法速讀全文，再進一步進行分析，揣摩作者的觀點，做出判斷，選出最佳選項。根據(jù)具體情況，可采用排除法將錯誤的選項進行排除，能夠排除的選項主要有：選項答非所問，是短文的信息，但是不合題意；選項符合生活常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容；選項以偏概全；選項部分正確，部分錯誤；與題干內(nèi)容表面相符，但是做了小小的改動等?！九e一反三】(2022新課程卷)AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly,flieslikeafatchicken,eatsgreenleaves,hasthestomachofacowandhasclaws（爪）onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver,animportantfeature（特征）forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.Inappearance,thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall,withalargesetoffeathersonthetop,brightredeyes,andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds,cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeaturethoughisonlyfoundintheyoung.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak(喙),theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly,theylosttheirclaws.thedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20:00,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.62.Whatisthetestmainlyabout?A.Hoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.B.Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.C.PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.D.Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.技巧點撥：本文主要說的是一種鳥類，對這種鳥的外表、生活習性等特征進行了介紹。62.答案：D。主旨大意題。閱讀全文，整體分析，本文就是介紹這種鳥的外表和習性，因此，D為正確答案。高考真題實戰(zhàn)演練1.2022江蘇卷Shayasked,“Doyouthinkthey’llletmeplay?”Shay’sfatherknewthatmostoftheboyswouldnotwantsomeonelikeShayontheirteam,butthefatheralsounderstoodthatifhisson,mentallyandphysicallydisabled,wereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelongingandsomeconfidence.Shay’sfatherapproachedoneoftheboysonthefieldandaskedifShaycouldplay,notexpectingmuch.Theboylookedaroundandsaid,“We’relosingbysixruns(分)andthegameisintheeighthinning(局).Iguesshecanbeonourteamandwe’lltrytoputhimintobatinthefinalinning.Shaystruggledovertotheteam’sbenchandputonateamshirtwithabroadsmileandhisfatherhadasmalltearinhiseyeandwarmthinheart.Theboyssawthefather’sjoyathissonbeingaccepted.Inthebottomoftheeighthinning,Shay’steamscoredafewrunsbutwasstillbehindbythree.Inthetopofthefinalinning,Shayputonagloveandplayedinthefield.Eventhoughnohitscamehisway,hewasobviouslyjoyfuljusttobeinthegameandonthefield.Inthebottomofthefinalinning,Shay’steamscoredagain.Now,Shaywasscheduledtobenextatbat.WouldtheyletShaybatandgiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame?Surprisingly,Shaywasgiventhebat.Everyoneknewthatahitwasalmostimpossible.Thefirstpitch(投)cameandShaymissed.ThepitcheragaintookafewstepsforwardtothrowtheballsoftlytowardsShay.Asthepitchcamein,Shayswungattheballandhitaslowgroundballrightbacktothepitcher.ThepitchercouldhaveeasilythrownheballtothefirstbasemanandShaywouldhavebeenoutandthatwouldhavebeentheendofthegame.Instead,thepitcherthrewtheballrightovertheheadofthefirstbaseman,beyondthereachofallteammates,Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteamsstartedscreaming,“Shay,runtofirst!”NeverinhislifehadShayeverrunthatfarbutmadeittofirstbase,wide-eyedandshocked..Everyoneshould,“Runtosecond!”Catchinghisbreath,Shayawkwardlyrantowardssecond.BythetimeShayroundedtowardssecondbase,thesmallestguyontheirteam,whohadachancetobetheheroforhisteamfirthefirsttime,couldhavethrowntheballtothesecondbaseman,butheunderstoodthepitcher’sintentionsandhetoointentionallythrewtheballhighandfaroverthethirdbaseman’shead.Allwerescreaming,“Shay,Shay,Shay，allthewayShay.”Shayreachedthirdbasewhenoneopposingplayerrantohelphimandshouted,“Shay,runtothird.”AsShayroundedthird,allwereontheirfeet,crying,“Shay,runhome！”Shayrantohome,steppedonthehomebaseandwascheeredastheherowhothewhowonthegameforhisteam.Thatday,theboysfrombothteamshelpedbringapiecetrueloveandhumanityintothisworld.Shaydidn’tmakeittoanothersummeranddiedthatwinter,havingneverforgottenbeingtheheroandmakinghisfathersohappyandcominghomeandseeinghismothertearfullyhugherlittleherooftheday!66.Notexpectingmuch,Shay’sfatherstillaskedtheboyifShaycouldplay,mainlybecausethefather_________.A.noticedsomeoftheboysonthefieldwereheistingB.guessedhispresencewouldaffecttheboy’sdecisionC.learnedsomeoftheboysonthefieldknewShaywellD.understoodShaydidneedafeelingofbeingaccepted67.InthebottomofthefinalinningShaywasgiventhebatbecausetheboys_________.A.believedtheyweresuretowinthegameB.wouldliketohelpShayenjoythegameC.foundShaywassoeagertobeawinnerD.fellforcedtogiveShayanotherchance68.Thesmallestboythrewtheballhighandfaroverthethirdbaseman’shead,probablybecausethatboy________.A.wasobviouslyawareofthepitcher’spurposeB.lookedforwardtowinningthegameforhisteamC.failedtothrowtheballtothesecondbasemanD.sawthatShayalreadyreachedsecondbase69.WhichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithShay’sbecomingtheheroforhisteam?A.Thepitcherdidnotthrowtheballtothefirstbaseman.B.Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteamscheeredforhim.C.Theopposingplayersfailedtostophisrunningtohome.D.Oneoftheopposingplayersrantohelphim.70.Whattoyouthinkisthethemeofthestory?A.Truehumannaturecouldberealizedinthewaywetreateachother.B.Everyonehashisownstrengthevenifmentallyorphysicallydisabled.C.Everyonecandevelophisteamspiritinsportsandpleasehisparents.D.Theresultsofthegameshouldnotbetheonlyconcernoftheplayers.【答案】DBACA2.（2022江西卷）A“Mum,whatdoesitmeanwhensomeonetellsyouthattheyhaveaskeleton（骨骼）inthecloset（衣櫥）?”Jessicaasked.“Askeletoninthecloset?”hermotherpausedthoughtfully.“Well,it’ssomethingthatyouwouldrathernothaveanyoneelseknowabout.Forexample,ifinthepast,someoneinDad’sfamilyhadbeenarrestedforstealingahorse,itwouldbe‘a(chǎn)skeletoninhisfamily’scloset’.Hereallywouldn’twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.”“Whypickonmyfamily?”Jessica’sfathersaidwithanger.“Yourfamilyhistoryisn’tsogood,youknow.Wasn’tyourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisonerwhowastransportedtoAustraliaforhiscrimes?”“Yes,butpeoplethesedayssaythatyouarenotarealAustralianunlessyourancestorsarrivedasprisoners.”“Gosh,sorryIasked.IthinkIunderstandnow,”Jessicacutinbeforethingsgrewworse.Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.Jessica’sparentswerestillquiteangrywitheachother.Hermotherwasironingclothesandeverynowandthensheglaredatherhusband,whohidbehindhisnewspaperpretendingtoread.Whenshefinished,shegatheredthefreshlypressedclothesinherarmsandwalkedtoJessica’scloset.Justassheopenedthedoorandreachedintohangaskirt,abonyarmstuckoutfromthedarkdepthsandabundleofwhitebonesfelltothefloor.Jessica’smothersankinafaint（暈倒）,wakingonlywhenJessicaputacold,wetclothonherforehead.Shelookeduptoseetheworriedfacesofherhusbandanddaughter.“Whathappened?WhereamI?”sheasked.“Youjustdestroyedtheschool’sskeleton,Mum,”explainedJessica.“Ibroughtithometohelpmewithmyhealthproject.Imeanttotellyou,butitseemedthatassoonasImentionedskeletonsandclosets,itcausedaproblembetweenyouandDad.”Jessicalookedinamazementasherparentsbegantolaughmadly.“They’rebothcrazy,”shethought.56.AccordingtoJessica’smother,“askeletonintheclose”means______.A.afamilyhonorB.afamilysecretC.afamilystoryD.afamilytreasure57.WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeAustralians’ancestorsformParagraph2?A.TheywerebroughttoAustraliaasprisoners.B.TheyweretheearliestpeoplelivinginAustralia.C.TheywereinvolvedinsomecrimesinAustralia.D.Theywerenotregardedascriminalsintheirdays.58.Jessica’smotherfelldownintoafaintbecauseshewas______.A.knockedB.frightenedC.injuredD.surprised59.WhydidJessicabringaskeletonhome?A.Shewascuriousaboutit.B.Sheplannedtokeepitforfun.C.Sheneededitforherschooltask.D.Sheintendedtoscareherparents.60.Jessica’sparentslaughedmadlyattheendofthestoryprobablybecause______.A.theywerecrazyB.theywereoverexcitedC.theyrealizedtheirmisunderstandingD.theyboththoughttheyhadwonthequarrel【答案】BABCC3.（2022陜西卷）CInearlyautumnIappliedforappliedforadmissiontocollege.IwantedtogonowherebuttoCornellUniversity,butmymotherfoughtstronglyagainstit.WhenshesawmestudyingaphotographofmyfatheronthesportsgroundofCornell,“Youcan’tsayit’snotagreatuniversity,justbecausePapawentthere.”“That’snotitatall.Anditisatopuniversity.”Shewasstillholdingthepiecesinherhand.“Butwecan’taffordtosendyoutocollege.”“Iwouldn’tdreamofaskingyouformoney.DoyouwantmetogetajobtohelpsupportyouandPapa?Thingsaren’tthatbad,arethey?”“No,”shesaid.“Idon’texpectyoutohelpsupportus.”Fatherborrowedmoneyformhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop,Hischiefcustomerswerehisoldcollegefriends.Togetnewcustomers,mymotherhadtohelp.Shepickedupalong-forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen,sothatshecouldgettoknowmorepeople.Whetherthosepeoplewouldturnintocustomerswasanotherquestion.IknewthatmyParentshadtowaitforquitealongtimebeforetheirsmallinvestment(投資)couldshowreturns.What’smore,theyhadnotwantedenoughtoberichandsuccessful；otherwisetheycouldnotpossiblyhavemanagedtheirlivessobadly.Iwastornbetweenthedesavetohelpthemandchange,theirlives,andthedeterminationnottorepeattheirmistakes.IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogowhatIwanted.AftermonthsofhardstudyIwonafullcollegescholarship（獎學金）.Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme,andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess.authorwasnotallowedtogotoCornellhisfathergraduatedfromtheuniversityhismotherdidnotthinksitagreatuniversityhisparentsneededhimtohelpsupportthef