2023學年完整公開課版學案module5period2grammar1,2

Period2Grammar(1),(2)山東省無棣縣第二高級中學文蘭芳Step1.Grammar1-v-edformasadverbialsA.Wramingup1.ReadthesentencesandunderlinetheV-edformsandrewritethesentences,beginningwiththewordsgiveninbracketsabove.(a)Spokenbyfewerandfewerpeoplethesedays,theNaxilanguagemaydisappearinthefuture.(because)(b)Seenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreets.(when)(c)Passedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedforeightcenturies.(because)(d)Lookedatfromadistance,theXishanHillsresembleasleepingbeauty.(when)(e)Completelyrebuilt,thetownwouldnotbesointeresting.(if)2.Answers:B.過去分詞作狀語漫談a.過去分詞作狀語是英語中常見的語言現(xiàn)象。我們所說的過去分詞作狀語是指單個的過去分和過去分詞短語這兩種情況作狀語。如frightened是過去分詞，frightenedbythenoise是過去分詞短語。過去分詞（短語）功能相當于狀語從句表示原因，時間,條件,讓步等狀語。1.作時間狀語()Seenfromthetopofthebuilding,ourschoollooksbeautiful.從樓頂上看，學?？雌饋砗苊?。Thewaterboils,()heatedto100C.水加熱到100度就沸騰。2.作伴隨狀語Shewalkedoutofthehouse,()followedbyherlittledaughter.她走出房間，后面跟著他的小女兒。()Absorbedinthework,heneglectfoodandsleep.他專心于工作，廢寢忘食。3.作原因狀語()Destroyedbythehurricane,theoldhouseisnowheretobefound.由于颶風的破壞，那座老房子哪也找不到了。()Bittenbythecobra,themanwasindanger.因為被眼鏡蛇咬了，這人處在危險中。4.作讓步、條件狀語()Tired,hewentonworking.雖然他很疲倦，他仍然繼續(xù)工作。()Punishedbytheparents,hewon’tcomeagain.他若是被家長懲罰了，就再也不能來了。b.在使用過去分詞作狀語時要特別注意過去分詞的邏輯主語一定是句子的主語，其邏輯主語與過去分詞的關系是被動關系。下面的例子就可以說明這個問題。同樣conj+非謂語動詞單獨使用時，非謂動詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語須相一致。1.Ifgivenenoughtime,wefinishedthework.=If()givenenoughtime,2.Hearingthesadnews,tearscamedowntothegirl’seyes.正：When()，【示例】Seenfromthetopofthebuilding,theschoollooksbeautiful.Seeningfromthetopofthebuilding,wefoundtheschoolbeautiful.這里第一句seen的邏輯主語是school，其關系是被動關系；第二句seeing的邏輯主語是we，其關系是主動關系。【即時訓練】1.__________(compare)ShanghaiwithXi’an,wefoundShanghaiislarge._________(compare)withXi’an,Shanghaiislarge.2.______(lose)himselfinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.______(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.3.__________________(nottell)aheadoftime,hedidn’tknowthemeetingwasputoff.4.__________(determine)tocompletethejobontime,theysetouttoworkimmediately.5._____________(finish)theirhomework,thestudentswentout.6.____(leave)aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.c.過去分詞短語單獨作狀語時，它的邏輯主語一般必須與句子的主語一致。但如果不一致，須采用獨立主格結構：邏輯主語+done.如：1.我跑進教室，滿臉是土。Irushedintotheclassroom,myfacecoveredwith(cover)dust.我們從題意得知：cover一詞的邏輯主語應為myface,與句子的主語I不一致，因此采用獨立主格結構。2.各方面都考慮進去，你的文章比他的文章更有價值。__________________,yourarticleisofgreatervaluethanhis.d.過去分詞（或短語）作狀語和狀語從句的轉換1.Seenfromthehilltop,thevalleylookedlikeawonderland.=_________________________fromthehilltop,itlookedlikeawonderland.2.Oncepublished,hisworkbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeatendofeachline.=_________published,hisworkbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeatendofeachline.一旦他的作品發(fā)表，它將以每一行結尾不押韻而出名。3.AssoonastranslatedintoEnglish,thebookbecameverypopularintheWesternWorld.=Assoonas________translatedintoEnglish,thebookbecameverypopularintheWesternWorld.這本書一被翻譯成英文，就在西方世界流行了起來。4.Connectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassage,theroomseemsveryquiet.=_______connectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassage,theroomseemsveryquiet.由于這間房子由一道長廊與其他房間相連，它顯得非常平靜。5.Althoughleftaloneathome,thelittlegirldidnotfeelafraidatall.=Although_______leftaloneathome,thelittlegirldidnotfeelafraidatall.C.Exercise()1.Thestormleft,____alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused()2.___inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited()3.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_____away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran()4.Whenfirst____tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced()5.____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.HavingattractedStep2.Grammar2-PhrasalverbsA.Warmingup-Doactiyity1onMatchthephrasalverbswiththeirmeaningsB.Phrasalverbs一、什么是動詞短語？動詞短語由動詞加一個或兩個小品詞（particle）構成，如blowup,takeoff,lookinto,faceupto等。二、動詞短語的分類1.從形態(tài)構成來看，動詞短語可以分成以下三種：№(1)動詞＋副詞【示例】Wecanputthematchofftillnextweek.我們可以將這場比賽推遲到下星期舉行。Thetravellers______atdawn.旅游者一清早就出發(fā)了?！?2)動詞＋介詞【示例】Theyare_______thedisappearanceofthegoldwatch.他們正在追查那只失蹤的金表。HehasdecidedtorunforPresident.他決定參加總統(tǒng)競選?！?3)動詞＋副詞＋介詞【示例】Heputinforanewjob.他提出要求擔任一項新的工作。Theyare________puttinghiminforthenewjob.他們想推薦他參加這項新工作。2.注意此句動詞和副詞間插入了一個賓語?！臼纠縃eputtheoddweatherdowntonuclearexplosions.他將天氣反常歸咎于核爆。三、動詞短語語義的變化第一類，動詞和小品詞保持原意，詞義可從兩個成分的意義中引申出來。bringforth=produce,callon=visit,getaway=escape,getback=recover,holdup=obstruct,keepback=retain,lookover=inspect等。在這一類中，根據(jù)小品詞的涵義，又可以分成三種組合類型：i.小品詞說明動詞的方向，帶有空間涵義?！臼纠縏hebudsare_________.蓓蕾綻放。Thesnowcamedownthickandfast.大雪紛飛。在這一組合類型中，小品詞up除了說明動詞所指方向外，還可指“接近目標”?！臼纠縃e_____________tothedoor.他一直走到門口。ii.小品詞表示“完全、徹底”的意思?！臼纠緼fterworkingallafternoon,they________allofthedinner.工作了一個下午之后，他們在晚餐上把東西全吃光了。Hedrankthebeeroffatadraught.他把啤酒一飲而盡。iii.小品詞表示“持續(xù)下去或漸漸地淡薄、減弱”，多半以away來表示?！臼纠縃e'sbeenworkingawayatthisjobsincebreakfast.早飯后，他一直在干這項工作。Theywere__________intheirgarden.他們正在花園里拼命地挖土。Thethunderandlightning________inheavyrain.雷聲和閃電消逝，暴雨來臨。第二類，動詞保持原意，小品詞部分或全部喪失原意，詞義尚能從其構詞成分的意義中推斷出來。如：findout=discover,giveup=abandon,leaveoff=stop,workout=calculate等。【示例】Hewasangrywhenthey________hissecret.當他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他的秘密時，他勃然大怒。WhendowebreakupfortheEasterHolidays?我們什么時候放假過復活節(jié)？第三類，動詞和小品詞的意義都已改變，構成一個新的語義單位，語義不能從其構詞成分的意義中引申出來。如：comeby=obtain,getby=manage,getup=prepare等。【示例】Howdidyou________thedictionary?這本詞典你是怎樣弄到手的？Hedecidedtowalkoutontheproject.他決定放棄這項工程。C.實戰(zhàn)高考1.—Haveyou______?(2022四川)—No.Ihadthewrongnumber.A.gotinB.gotawayC.gotoffD.gotthrough2.—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?(2022四川)—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcar_________twiceontheway.A.sloweddownB.brokedownC.gotdownD.putdown3.