基礎(chǔ)施工技術(shù)要求英文

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TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONSFORCONSTRUCTIONQUALITYOFBUILDINGGRADE&FOUNDATIONS

keypointSofqualitycontrol

Basicconstructionconditionsofbuildingfoundations

Geotechnicalexplorationdataofrockandearthengineering.

Thedesigndocumentandothertechnicaldocumentsareavailable,theconstructiondrawingshavebeenjointlycheckedup,thenecessarytechnicaldeliveryandtraininghavebeenaccomplished.

Earthwork

Generalrequirement:

Balancecalculationonexcavatingandfillingshouldbeaccomplishedbeforeearthworkconstruction,consideringminimumtransportingdistance,reasonabletransportingpathandreasonableconstructionprocedureandotherfactorssynthetically,properlyallocatetheearthwork,reducerepeatedexcavationandtransportation.

Grounddrainageanddewateringshouldbedonebeforeexcavation

Thegradientofthesitesurfaceshouldbeinaccordancewithdesigningrequirement,ifwithoutspecificrequirement,thegradientofdrainagedirectionshouldnotbelessthan2‰.Thesitesurfaceshouldbecheckedperpoint.Setonecheckingpointevery100~400m2,andcheckpointsshouldnotbelessthan10points;set1pointevery20matlength,widthandedgeslope,notlessthan1pointeachside.

Theplanposition,levelelevationandsideslopegradeshouldbemeasuredoftenduringearthworkconstruction.Reliableprotectingmeasurementshouldbeappliedtoplan-controlpilingandlevel-controlpoint,andcheckorreviewshouldbedoneperiodically.Soilshouldn’tbeplacedattheedgeoffoundationpit.

Excavationofsoil:

Beforeexcavation,setting-out,drainageanddewateringshouldbechecked,andtransportingroadofvehiclesanddumpareaofsoilshouldbearrangedreasonably.

Theconstructionscheme,environmentprotectingmeasurementandsupervisionschemeshouldbeworkedoutaccordingtoexcavatingdepth,geologicalconditions,constructionmethod,environment,projectperiod,climateandgroundloadingandotherinformation,andtheexcavationoffoundationpit(groove)andundergroundpipingtrenchshouldapprovedbygeneralcontractorbeforeexcavation.

Checkplanposition,horizontalelevation,gradeofsideslope,compactness,,drainage,dewateringsystemduringconstruction,andobserveenvironmentalchangesfromtimetotime.

Sideslopevalueoftemporaryearthworkexcavationshouldbeinaccordancewiththerequirementofthefollowingtable1:

Table1Sideslopevalueoftemporaryearthworkexcavation

Sortoffsoiil

Sidesllopevaluue(HHeighht:wwidthh)

Sandyssoil(nottinccludiingffinesanddanddpowwdersandd)

1：1.25~1：：1.5

Commonclayy

Hard

1：0.75~1：：1.000

Hard,pplastticitty

1：1.00~1：：1.255

Soft

1：1.50orreveensooft

Gravel

Fillinggriggid,harddplaasticcclaay

1：0.50~1：：1.000

Fillinggsanndyssoil

1：1.00~1：：1.500

Notes:1.IInacccorddanceewitthdeesignnreqquireementtwheenthhereisaany.

2.Ifaapplyywatter-ddecreeaseorootherrreiinforrcesmeassuremment,,theelimmitoofthhisttableecouuldbbenootappplieed,bbutccalcuulateedtoocheeckmmustbeddone..

3.Theexcaavatiionddepthhshoouldnn’texxceedd4mfoorsooftssoiland8mfforhhardeersooil.

Thequalityinspectionstandardofearthworkexcavationshouldbeinaccordancewithrequirementoffollowingtable2:

Table2Thequalityinspectionstandardofearthworkexcavation(mm)

Sort

No.

Item

Permitttedttolerrancee

Testinggmetthod

ColumnFounndatiion

Foundattionpit

Foundattiongrooove

Trimanndofftheeexccavattionsitee

Pipe

Trrenchh

Foundattion

Ofgroound

Manual

Mechaniical

Maincoontroolittems

1

Elevatiion

－50

±30

±50

－50

－50

Spiritleveel

2

Length,,widdth((meassurefrommcenntertossidess)

＋200

－50

＋300

－100

＋500

－150

＋100

——

Transitinsttrumeent,meassureddbysteeelruule

3

Sidesllope

Referttotaable1

Checkeddbygradderuuler

Commonconttrolitemms

1

Levelofsurfface

20

20

20

20

20

Checkeddbyleanningruleeroff2manndweedge--shappedffilliingrrulerr

2

Soilchhar-

acteeristticsofFoound--

atioon

Byobseerveoraanalyyzeoonsooilssamplle

Note:TTheddeviaationnsoffgroound(roaad)FFounddatioononnlyaappliicablletooFouundattionssthaatmaakeggrounnd(rroad))surrfaceeonexcaavateeanddfillldiirecttly.

Backfilloftheearthwork

Clearawaygarbage,rootandothersundriesatbottom,takeoutseepageandsilt,andcheckandacceptbottombeforebackfilling..Backfillonploughedsoilorsoftsoilshouldbemadeafterthefoundationhasbeencompacteddensely.

Checkdrainagemeasurement,fillingthicknessofeachlayer,water-containingcontrolandcompactdegreeduringbackfilling,Thefillingthicknessandcompacttimesshouldbedeterminedbysoiltexture,compactcoefficientandappliedequipment.Ifwithoutexperimentalbasis,theninaccordancewithrequirementoffollowingtable3:

Table3Delaminatingthicknessandcompacttimesduringbackfillconstruction

Compacttequuipmeent

Delaminnatinngthiccknesss(mmm)

Compactttimmesoofeaachllayerr

Flatgrrind

250-3000

6-8

Vibratiingccompaactmmachiine

250-3550

3-4

Dieseloilrammmingmachhine

200-2550

3-4

Manualtampping

＜200

3-4

Checkelevation,gradeofsideslope,compactnessandotheritemsafterbackfillingconstructionwithstandardinaccordancewithrequirementofthefollowingtable4:

Table4QualityinspectionstandardofBackfilling(mm)

Sort

No.

Item

Permitttedttolerrancee

Testinggmetthod

ColumnFounndatiion

Foundattionpit

Foundattiongrooove

Levelinngoffexccavattionsitee

Pipetrrenchh

FDN.Groound(roaad)BBase

Manual

Mechaniical

Majorccontrroliitemss

1

Elevatiion

－50

±30

±50

－50

－50

Spiritleveel

2

Eachlaayercomppact–nesss

Designrequuiremment

1

Backfillleaarthwwork

Designrequuiremment

Sampletesttordireectvview

Generalliteems

2

LayerTThickknesssanndmooistuure

Designrequuiremment

SampletesttanddSpiiritleveel

3

Levelneessoofthhesuurfacce

20

20

20

20

20

Checkeddbyruleerorrspiiritleveel

Fore-controlofPilingWork

Checkandacceptofdata:qualitycertificateofprecast-pilingprovidedbymanufacturer

Checkandacceptofarrivedmaterials:Appearanceanddimensioncheckingofpilesarrivedatconstructionsite.

Preparationofpilingwork:

MeasurementofcontrolnetworkandFoundationpointoflevel:(thepermissibledeviationofpilingpositionis:20mmforgrouppiling,10mmforsingle-linedpiling.

Ifbuildingsexistnearby,anti-shocktrench(withwidthof0.5-0.8mm)andothershock-isolatingmeasurementshouldbeappliedtodecreasetheinfluencetothem.

Determinepilingsequence:generallyproceedfromcentertobothsymmetricsidesorinonedirection,fromcentertothearound,fromdeeptoshallow,frombigtosmallandfromlongtoshort.

Checkpillingmechanism:

Settingmeasuringscaleatsidesorframeofthepiling;

Settingspringpadbetweenhammerandpilingcap,pilingcapandpiling,suchashardwood,sack,mat,etc.

Forpilesoflargelengthorsubjecttomorethan500timesofhammering,hammeringcannotbedoneuntilcheckedthepilebodystrengthisqualifiedandafter28daysagingtime.

Middlecontrolofpilingwork:

Liftingcontrolofpre-madepiling:theconcretepre-madepilingshouldonlybeliftedtillthestrengthofwhichislargerthan70%designvalue,andbetransportedtillthestrengthofwhichisupto100%designvalue.

Processcontrolofpiling:

Heavyhammerandlowbeating;

Theclearancebetweenpilingcapanditscircumstanceshouldbe5~10mm;

Pilinghammer,pilingcapandpilingbodyshallbeonthesamecenterline;

Thedeviationofverticalityatpilinginsertingshouldnotexceed0.5%;

Whenpilingtipisintohardclayorsandysoil,focusoncontrollingtheinsertingotherthanthedesignedpiletopelevation.Whenpilingtipentersintosoftsoil,focusoncontrollingpiletopelevationotherthaninsertingdepth.However,theimplementationshallfollowtherequirementsofdesigndrawings.

Whenreachingtheinsertingdepthbutnotthedesignedtopelevation,hammer3groupsmorewith10strokesineachgroupandinsertingdepthofeachgroupshallnotexceedthedesigneddatatoverify.Thecontrolledinsertingdepthshallbedefinedwithrelatedorganizationswhennecessary.

Suspendpilingincaseofthefollowingconditions,whilereporttosupervisorintime:

Sharpchangeofinserting;

Suddeninclining/shiftingorseriousreboundingofpile.

Severecrackorcrashoccurredatpiletoporpilebody.

Controlofpileconnection:

Theweldingmaterialshallmeetthefollowingregulationsincaseofweldingconnectionandsteelsheetshallbeoflowcarbonsteel.

Whenapplyweldingconnection,fixfouranglesfirstlywithspotwelding,thenweldsymmetrically,whileensurequalityandsizeofwelding.

RefertoTable5forqualityofweldingofpileconnection.

Table5:

No.

Items

AllowabbleTTolerrancee

Testinggmetthod

Unit

Value

1

Weldinggseaamoffeleectroo-welldedpiliingcconneectioon:

Upanddownnenddscrrossiing

Inneerdiiametter<<700

(2)Undeercuttdeppth

(3)Reinnforccemenntlaayerthiccknesss

(4)Reinnforccemenntlaayerwidtth

mm

mm

mm

mm

≤2

≤0.5

2

2

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

Weldinggjoiintttesteer

Weldinggjoiintttesteer

Weldinggjoiintttesteer

2

Theceaasedtimeeafttereelecttro-wweldiing

min

＞1

Measureedbyystoopwattch

CheckandacceptofConstructionQualityforpilingPiling(refertotable7)

Thequalitycheckofpre-madepilinginclude:piling-making,infiltratedepth,standardofhammerstopping,pilingpositionandverticality;

Asforgrade1buildingfoundationsorpilefoundationsofpoorgeologicalconditionsorunreliablepilingquality,carryoutpilingqualitytest.AstopilingFoundationengineeringwithpilingFoundationofgradeI,complexgeologicalconditionsoroflowqualityreliability,qualitycheckofcompletepilingshouldbeapplied.

Checkingmethodcouldbedynamictestingmethod,ortakingdrillrockcoreandpre-buriedtubeultrasonictestmethodforlargesizepiles.Numberoftestshallbedefinedbasedonthespecificconditions.activemeasurement,rockcoredrillingandpre-embeddedpipeultrasonictestingcouldalsobeusedforpilingwithlargediameter;checknumbercouldbedeterminedbypracticalconditions.

Testingofsinglepileingbearingcapacity:

Inordertoensureverticalbearingcapacityofsinglepiletomeetthedesignrequirement,staticloadingtestandreliabledynamictestshallbemadeforsinglepilebasedonessentiality,geologicalconditions,anddesignrequirementandconstructionconditionsoftheproject.

Pilefoundationsofeithercasestatedbelowshallhavestaticloadtesttochecktheverticalbearingofsinglepile.Pilestestedshallnotbelessthan1%oftotalpiles,andshallnotbelessthan3pilesintotal.Testfor2pilesminimumfortotalnumberofpileslessthan50.

(a)Grade1buildingfoundationpileshavenosinglepilestaticloadtestbeforepiling.

(b)Nosinglepilestaticloadtestbeforepilingyetwithoneofthefollowingcases:Complicatedgeologicalconditions;poorreliabilityofpilingquality;lowreliabilityofsinglepileverticalpile,class2buildingpiledfoundationwithahighnumberofpiles.

Pilingfoundationworksofeithercasebelow,reliableverticalloadtestcanbeappliedtochecktheverticalbearingofsinglepile.

(a)PilingfoundationofgradeIofwhichstaticloadtesthasbeenmadeonsinglepilingbeforepiling;

(b)PilingfoundationofgradeIIthatdoesn’tbelongtob)ofitem2.5.4.2;

(c)PilingfoundationofgradeIII;

(d)AuxiliarytestofstaticloadtestonpilingfoundationofgradeIandII.

Allowabletoleranceofpositionofpre-castpilerefertotable6:

Table6：

No.

Items

AllowabbleTTolerrancee（mm）

1

Pilingssthooseccoverredbbasiccgirrder::

(1)Centterliineoofveerticcalbbasiccgirrder

(2)Centterliineaalonggwitthbaasicgirdder

100+0.001H

150+0.001H

2

Pilingnumbberoof1--3piiles

100

3

Pilingnumbberoof4--6piiles

1/2ofpileeinggdiaameteerorrsiddeleengthh

4

PilingFounndatiionoof4--16ppiless

(1)Outmmostpilee

(2)Midddleppile

1/32offpilleinggdiaameteerorrsiddeleengthh

1/2ofpileeinggdiaameteerorrsiddeleengthh

Note:HHisthedisttanceefroomgrrounddeleevatiionttodeesignnedeelevaationnofpileetoppatconsstrucctionnsitte.

Table7Quualittyteestsstanddardofppre-mmadepiliingmmadeofRRC

Sort

Ser.Noo.

Items

Permitttedttolerrancee

Testinggmetthod

Unit

Value

Main

Items

1

QualityyTesstoffpilling

Refertto2..5.3

Refertto2..5.3

2

Tolerannceoofpoositiionoofpiilingg

Referttotaable6

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

3

Pilebeaaringgcappacitty

Refertto2..5.4

Refertto2..5.4

1

Rawmatteriaalliikessand,,stoone,cemeent,rollledssteell,ettc.(wwhenpre--madeeonsitee)

Meetinggdessignrequuiremment

Checkqqualiityccertiificaateddocummentoflleaveefacctoryyorsampplinggtesstingg

2

Mixingrateeanddstrrengtthoffconncrette

Meetinggdessignrequuiremment

Checkttherrecorrdoffweiighinng

3

Outlineeofcomppleteedpiile

Thesurrfaceeissmoooth,thecoloorisseveen,ddepthhofchammferanglle<100mm，beehhiveareaalesssthhan00.5%oftthettotallareea

Byobseervinngdiirecttly

Commonitemms

4

Crackeexisttonfiniisheddpilling(cauusedbysshrinnkingg,haandliing,shipppinggorkeepping))

Depth((20mmm)，widtth<0.255mm，trannsverrseccrackknottexcceedhalffofsideelenngth

Crackddetecctinnstruumentt,nootapppliccableeforrareeastthateroddebyygrooundwateerorrhammmertimeeslaargerrthaan5000

5

Sizeofffinnisheedpiilingg:

Sideleengthhofsecttion

mm

±5

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

Diagonaaldiifferrenceeofpiliingttop

mm

<10

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

Centerllineofppiletip

mm

<10

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

Bendveectorrheiightofppilebodyy

<1/10000L

Measureedbyysteeelrrule

Trimdeegreeeofpileetopp

mm

<2

Measureedbyylevvelrrulerr

6

Pilecoonnecctedbywweldiing:

Weldinggq