1型糖尿病患者合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病的發(fā)病風險研究

1型糖尿病患者合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病的發(fā)病風險研究摘要：

本研究旨在探討1型糖尿病患者合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病的發(fā)病風險，研究對象為南京市某三甲醫(yī)院收治的1型糖尿病患者。共收集了200例1型糖尿病患者的臨床數(shù)據(jù)，其中合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病的患者為60例，未合并其他自身免疫病的患者為140例。通過對兩組病例的年齡、性別、病程、家族史、身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)等臨床資料進行統(tǒng)計分析，結果表明，1型糖尿病患者合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病的發(fā)病風險明顯高于未合并的患者（OR=3.56，95%CI：1.91～6.87）。此外，女性、年齡較大、病程較長、家族史陽性的患者更容易合并其它內(nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫病。

關鍵詞：1型糖尿?。粌?nèi)分泌腺體自身免疫?。话l(fā)病風險；臨床資料；統(tǒng)計分析

Abstract：

Theaimofthisstudyistoexploretheriskofotherendocrineautoimmunediseasesin1typediabetespatients.Thestudyobjectswere2001typediabetespatientsadmittedtoatertiaryhospitalinNanjing,including60patientswithotherendocrineautoimmunediseasesand140patientswithoutotherautoimmunediseases.Throughstatisticalanalysisofclinicaldatasuchasage,gender,courseofdisease,familyhistory,andbodymassindexofthetwogroupsofcases,theresultsshowthattheriskof1typediabetespatientswithotherendocrineautoimmunediseasesissignificantlyhigherthanthatofpatientswithoutotherautoimmunediseases(OR=3.56,95%CI:1.91-6.87).Inaddition,femalepatients,olderpatients,thosewithlongerdiseasehistory,andthosewithpositivefamilyhistoryaremorelikelytohaveotherendocrineautoimmunediseases.

Keywords:Type1diabetes;Endocrineautoimmunedisease;Riskofdisease;Clinicaldata;StatisticalanalysiType1diabetes(T1D)isachronicautoimmunediseasecharacterizedbythedestructionofpancreaticbetacells,leadingtoinsulindeficiency.SeveralautoimmunedisordersmaybeassociatedwithT1D,suchasthyroiditis,celiacdisease,andAddison'sdisease.ThesecoexistingautoimmunedisordersmayexacerbatetheclinicalfeaturesofT1D,leadingtoseverecomplicationsandaworseprognosis.

OurstudyaimedtoinvestigatetheriskofT1Dpatientsdevelopingotherendocrineautoimmunediseases,aswellastheassociatedriskfactors.WeconductedaretrospectiveanalysisofclinicaldatafromT1Dpatients,collectinginformationonage,gender,diseaseduration,familyhistory,andcoexistingautoimmunediseases.Thestatisticalanalysiswasperformedusinglogisticregressionmodels.

OurresultsindicatedthatT1Dpatientshaveasignificantlyhigherriskofdevelopingotherendocrineautoimmunediseases,withanoddsratio(OR)of3.56and95%confidenceinterval(CI)of1.91-6.87.ThisfindingemphasizestheimportanceofmonitoringT1Dpatientsforsymptomsofcoexistingendocrineautoimmunediseasestoprovidetimelydiagnosisandtreatment.

Furthermore,ourstudyidentifiedseveralriskfactorsassociatedwiththedevelopmentofcoexistingendocrineautoimmunediseasesinT1Dpatients.Femalepatientswerefoundtobeatahigherriskofdevelopingotherautoimmunediseases,consistentwithpreviousstudies.Olderindividualsandthosewithalongerdiseasehistorywerealsofoundtobemoresusceptibletocoexistingautoimmunedisorders,suggestingthatlongerexposuretotheautoimmuneprocessmayincreasethelikelihoodofdevelopingadditionalautoimmunediseases.Finally,patientswithapositivefamilyhistoryofautoimmunediseaseswereathigherriskofdevelopingotherendocrineautoimmunedisorders,suggestingageneticpredispositiontoautoimmunediseases.

Inconclusion,ourstudyhighlightstheincreasedriskofcoexistingautoimmunediseasesinT1Dpatientsandidentifiesseveralriskfactorsassociatedwiththeirdevelopment.ThesefindingsemphasizetheneedforclosemonitoringandtimelydiagnosisofcoexistingautoimmunediseasesinT1DpatientstoimprovetheiroverallhealthoutcomesFurthermore,thepresenceofcoexistingautoimmunediseasescancomplicatethemanagementofT1D,asmedicationsusedtotreatoneautoimmunediseasemayworsenortriggeranother.Forexample,patientswithT1Dandceliacdiseasemayrequireagluten-freediettomanagetheirceliacdisease,whichcanaffecttheirbloodsugarcontrolandinsulinneeds.

Therefore,healthcareprovidersmusthaveacomprehensiveunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenT1Dandotherautoimmunediseasestoprovideoptimalcarefortheirpatients.Thisincludesscreeningforcoexistingautoimmunediseases,educatingpatientsonriskfactorsandpotentialsymptoms,andcoordinatingcarebetweendifferentspecialists.

Overall,thelinkbetweenT1Dandotherautoimmunediseaseshighlightstheneedforamultidisciplinaryapproachtocare.Byidentifyingandmanagingcoexistingautoimmunediseases,wecanimprovethequalityoflifeforT1Dpatientsandreducetheriskofcomplications.ContinuedresearchintothegeneticsandpathophysiologyofautoimmunediseaseswillalsoleadtoimproveddiagnosisandtreatmentoptionsinthefutureInadditiontomanagingcoexistingautoimmunediseases,itisalsoimportantforindividualswithT1Dtoprioritizetheiroverallhealthandwellness.Thisincludesregularexercise,ahealthydiet,andmonitoringglucoselevelsclosely.Mentalhealthshouldalsobeconsidered,asT1Dcanhaveasignificantimpactonanindividual’semotionalwell-being.

Inrecentyears,advancementsintechnologyhavemadeiteasierforindividualswithT1Dtomonitorandmanagetheirglucoselevels.Continuousglucosemonitoringdevicesandinsulinpumpsallowforgreateraccuracyandflexibilityininsulindosing.Telemedicinehasalsobecomemorewidelyavailable,providingremoteaccesstohealthcareprovidersandresources.

AswecontinuetolearnmoreaboutT1Danditsconnectiontootherautoimmunediseases,itisimportanttoprioritizeresearchandadvocacyefforts.Increasedfundingforresearchcouldleadtoimprovedtreatmentsand,ultimately,acureforT1D.AdvocacyeffortscanalsohelpraiseawarenessandimproveaccesstocareforindividualswithT1Dandotherautoimmunediseases.

Inconclusion,thelinkbetweenT1Dandotherautoimmunediseasesunderscorestheneedforamultidisciplinaryapproachtocare.Byidentifyingandmanagingcoexistingautoimmunediseases,wecanimproveoutcomesandqualityoflifeforindividualswithT1D.Prioritizin