Unit+5+Into+the+Unknown+Language+points課件 【高效備課精研+知識(shí)精講提升】 高中英語(yǔ)外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

1.IntriguedbyMayacivilisationfromaveryyoungage,15-year-oldCanadianWilliamGadourythoughthehadmadeanincrediblediscoveryfromhisstudyofancientstarcharts.Paraphrase:Fifteen-year-oldCanadianWilliamGadourywasfascinatedbyMayacivilisationfromaveryyoungage,andhethoughthehaddiscoveredsomethingamazingwhilestudyingancientstarcharts.15歲的加拿大人WilliamGadoury自幼便對(duì)瑪雅文明著迷，他認(rèn)為自己通過(guò)研究古老星象圖有了驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)intriguev.tointerestsb.alotbecauseitseemsstrangeormysterious

(因奇特或神秘而)激起興趣，引起好奇心;迷住e.g.Intriguedbytheheateddebate,riguedadj.

veryinterestedinsthbecauseitseemsstrangeormysterious

(由于奇特或神秘而)深感好奇的，有極大興趣的e.g.Hewasintriguedbyherreaction.2.Throughcomparison,hefoundthatthelocationsofthe117knownMayacitiescorrespondtothepositionsofthestars.Paraphrase:Bycomparison,hediscoveredthatthelocationsofthe117knownMayacitiesmatchthepositionsofthestars.通過(guò)比較，他發(fā)現(xiàn)117座已知瑪雅城市的位置與星象的位置是相對(duì)應(yīng)的。correspondv.iftwothingsorideascorrespond,thepartsorinformationinonerelatetothepartsorinformationintheother符合;相一致e.g.Thenumberscorrespondtopointsonthemap.3.Basedonthis,hebelievedhehadspottedanunknownMayacityburieddeepinthejungle.據(jù)此，他相信自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座隱藏于叢林深處的未知瑪雅城市的位置。省略了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作believed的賓語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾anunknownMayacity，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句thatwasburieddeepinthejungle。buryv.

1)

tofallontopofsb.orsth.,usuallyharmingordestroyingthem將……埋在下面e.g.Theskierswereburiedunderthesnow.2)toputsbwhohasdiedinagrave埋葬，安葬e.g.Theoldhunterhasbeendeadandburiedforyears.【拓展】buryyourselfinyourwork/studies埋頭工作/學(xué)習(xí)buryyourdifferences

消除隔閡buryyourheadinthesand

逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)，不愿正視困難buryyourface/headinyourhands(由于難過(guò)而)用手捂住臉/頭【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。1)你的信可能被壓在這些文件下面了。2)她雙手掩面，眼淚流了下來(lái)。3)事實(shí)的真相隱藏在政府的一份秘密報(bào)告中。4)現(xiàn)在是消除我們的隔閡，重歸于好的時(shí)候了。Yourlettermaybeburiedunderthesepapers.Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandthetearscamedown.Thetruefactsareburiedinasecretgovernmentreport.It’stimetoburyourdifferencesandbefriendsagain.4.Whatismostextraordinaryaboutthesecomplexstructuresishowtheywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheels,metaltoolsorevenanimalpower.Paraphrase:Themostextraordinarythingaboutthesecomplexstructuresisthewaytheywerebuilt.Theywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheels,metaltoolsorevenanimalpower.這些復(fù)雜建筑最非凡之處在于，在沒(méi)有使用機(jī)輪、金屬工具甚至畜力的情況下，瑪雅人是如何建造它們的。what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句5.TheyappliedthisunderstandingtotheMayacalendar,whichwasaccuratetowithin30secondsperyear.他們將這一認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)用到瑪雅歷中，該歷法精確度極高，每年誤差不超過(guò)30秒。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代Mayacalendarapplysth.tosth.：tousesth.tosth.應(yīng)用于e.g.Newtechnologyisbeingappliedtoalmosteveryindustrialprocess.Theseideasareoftendifficulttoapplyinpractice.apply(to...)forsth.(向……)申請(qǐng)某物applytosb./sth.

涉及某人/某物applyoneselfto(doing)sth.勤奮工作/努力學(xué)習(xí)applicationn.

申請(qǐng)(表)；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用makeanapplication(tosb.)(forsth./todosth.)

(向某人)申請(qǐng)(做)……【拓展】1)Idecidedto____________(申請(qǐng))thecoursethatreflectedmyinterest.2)LaterItriedto______________________________(運(yùn)用我以前的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái))learninghowtoreadandwrite.3)Youwouldpassyourexamsifyou______________________________________(努力學(xué)習(xí)).applyforapplymypreviousexperiencetoappliedyourself(tostudying/yourstudy)【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。6.OntopofallthiswasanachievementuniqueintheAmericansatthattime:atruewritingsystem.Paraphrase:Inadditiontoallthis,theMayaestablishedatruewritingsystem,whichwasanachievementuniqueintheAmericasatthattime.除此之外，還有一項(xiàng)當(dāng)時(shí)美洲獨(dú)有的成就：一個(gè)真正的文字系統(tǒng)。介詞短語(yǔ)放句首，句子倒裝形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，解釋achievementontopofsth.:inadditiontosth除……之外(還)e.g.Hegetscommissionontopofhissalary.Youoweme$20,andthat’sontopofthe$40youowemefromearlier.Hepromisedtohelpusandontopofthathelentusmanyreferencebooks．7.Itwasawritingsystemsocomplicatedthat,sofar,noonehasbeenabletointerpretitcompletely.Paraphrase:Itwasawritingsystemwhichwassocomplexthat,sofar,noonehasbeenabletofullyunderstandit.這種文字系統(tǒng)很復(fù)雜，以至于到目前為止沒(méi)有人可以將其完全解讀。that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句8.ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious.ButthegreatestmysteryofalliswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.Paraphrase:TheachievementsoftheMayaareparticularlyamazinganddifficulttoexplainbecausetheyweremadewithouttheuseofmoderntoolsoradvancedtechnology.ButthegreatestmysteryofallisthereasonwhytheMayaleftmostoftheirgreatcities.that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明factwhat引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句瑪雅社會(huì)的科技水平十分原始，這一事實(shí)使得瑪雅的種種成就更加令人難以置信、神秘莫測(cè)。但最大的謎團(tuán)是為何瑪雅人拋棄了絕大部分的大城市。allthemoreadv.

usedtoemphasizehowmuchbetter,easieretcsth.isthanitwouldbeinadifferentsituation更加e.g.Thejobwasmadealltheeasierbyhavingthepropertools.有了適當(dāng)?shù)墓ぞ撸@項(xiàng)工作就容易多了。Ifthereissomemeatleftonthebones,allthebetter.如果骨頭上還有肉，那就更好了。allthebetter/easier/moreetcabandonv.

1)togoawayfromaplace,vehicleetcpermanently離棄，逃離e.g.Wehadtoabandonthecarandwalktherestoftheway.2)toleavesb,especiallysbyouareresponsiblefor拋棄，遺棄e.g.Howcouldsheabandonherownchild?3)tostopdoingsthbecausetherearetoomanyproblemsanditisimpossibletocontinue放棄，中止e.g.Theyhadtoabandonthematchbecauseofrain.【拓展】abandonyourselftosth

沉湎于;放縱(感情)e.g.Heabandonedhimselftosorrow.abandonn.

放任，放縱withabandon盡情地，任意地e.g.Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarms

withabandon.abandonedadj.

被拋棄的，被遺棄的；自我放任的；

e.g.ThecarwasfoundabandonedinBristol.【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。1)你怎么能拋棄一個(gè)處于困境中的朋友？2)由于有霧她不得不放棄開(kāi)車(chē)的念頭。3)你最好別亂花錢(qián)。Howcouldyouabandonafriendintrouble?Shehadtoabandontheideaofdrivingbecauseofthefog.You’dbetternotspendmoneywithabandon.9.Somerecentstudieshavefoundthattherewerefarfewertropicalcyclonesthanusualbetween700ADand1000AD.Paraphrase:Thenumberoftropicalcycloneshasbeenshownbysomerecentstudiestobealotlowerthanusualintheperiodfrom700ADto1000AD.一些最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在公元700年到公元1000年之間，熱帶氣旋要比平常少得多。far

adv.

非常

可修飾比較級(jí)e.g.Look!Theboyisfartaller(高得多)thanhisdad.Ithinkhiseffortatschoolisfarfromenough(遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠).10.Itsonce-greatcitiesfellintoruin,leavingvariousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.曾經(jīng)恢宏的城市淪為廢墟，留下各種謎團(tuán)等待后人解開(kāi)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)fallintoruin:togetdamagedordestroyedbecausenooneistakingca