不平衡工況下微網(wǎng)逆變器并聯(lián)控制技術(shù)研究

不平衡工況下微網(wǎng)逆變器并聯(lián)控制技術(shù)研究摘要：微網(wǎng)作為一種小型電力系統(tǒng)，可通過逆變器實(shí)現(xiàn)電能互聯(lián)與協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)可再生能源的普及和利用。但在微網(wǎng)運(yùn)行過程中，逆變器并聯(lián)控制技術(shù)的不完善，容易導(dǎo)致電力分配不均，使得電力質(zhì)量下降，損失加劇。因此，本文針對不平衡工況下微網(wǎng)逆變器并聯(lián)控制技術(shù)研究進(jìn)行了深入探究。首先分析了微網(wǎng)逆變器的基本原理和并聯(lián)控制技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀，針對不平衡工況下的分布式電源的特點(diǎn)，提出了一種基于功率平衡的逆變器并聯(lián)控制策略，并對其進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明，該控制策略能夠有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)逆變器的平衡控制、能量管理和負(fù)載均衡，提高了微網(wǎng)的電力利用效率和穩(wěn)定性，為微網(wǎng)的長期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行提供了理論支持。

關(guān)鍵詞：微網(wǎng)；逆變器并聯(lián)控制；不平衡工況；功率平衡；電力利用效率

Abstract:Microgrid,asasmall-scalepowersystem,canachieveenergyliaisonandcoordinationthroughinverters,promotingthepopularizationandutilizationofrenewableenergysources.However,theimperfectparallelcontroltechnologyofinvertersinmicrogridoperationcaneasilyleadtounevenpowerdistribution,resultinginadeclineinpowerqualityandanincreaseinlosses.Therefore,thispaperconductsin-depthresearchontheparallelcontroltechnologyofinvertersinmicrogridunderunbalancedworkingconditions.Firstly,thebasicprincipleofmicrogridinvertersandthecurrentsituationofparallelcontroltechnologyareanalyzed.Basedonthecharacteristicsofdistributedpowersourcesunderunbalancedworkingconditions,apowerbalance-basedinverterparallelcontrolstrategyisproposedandverifiedbysimulation.Theresultsshowthatthecontrolstrategycaneffectivelyachievebalancecontrol,energymanagementandloadbalancingofinverters,improvethepowerutilizationefficiencyandstabilityofmicrogrids,andprovidetheoreticalsupportforthelong-termstableoperationofmicrogrids.

Keywords:microgrid;inverterparallelcontrol;unbalancedworkingcondition;powerbalance;powerutilizationefficiencWiththeincreasinguseofdistributedenergyresources(DERs),microgridshavebecomeapopularsolutionforintegratingandutilizingtheseresources.Inamicrogrid,multipleinvertersareoftenusedtoconverttheDCpowerfromtheDERstoACpowerforthegrid.However,theunbalancedworkingconditioncausedbytheuncertaintyofDERoutputandloaddistributioncanleadtopowerimbalanceamongtheinverters,whichaffectsthepowerutilizationefficiencyandstabilityofthemicrogrid.

Toaddressthisissue,anewinverterparallelcontrolstrategyisproposedinthisstudy.Thestrategyisdesignedtoachievebalancecontrol,energymanagementandloadbalancingamongtheinverters.Thebalancecontrolisachievedbyusingthedroopcontrolmethod,whichadjuststheoutputpoweroftheinvertersaccordingtotheirvoltages.Theenergymanagementisachievedbyusingadistributedenergystoragesystem(DESS),whichstorestheexcessenergyfromtheDERsduringlow-loadperiodsandreleasesitduringhigh-loadperiods.Theloadbalancingisachievedbyusingaloadallocationalgorithm,whichdistributestheloadsamongtheinvertersevenly.

Toevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedstrategy,simulationsareconductedusingamicrogridmodel.Theresultsshowthatthestrategycaneffectivelyachievepowerbalanceamongtheinverters,improvethepowerutilizationefficiencyandstabilityofthemicrogrid,andprovidetheoreticalsupportforthelong-termstableoperationofmicrogrids.However,itshouldbenotedthattheperformanceofthestrategymaydependonspecificsystemparametersandoperatingconditions,andfurtherstudiesandexperimentsareneededtovalidateitseffectivenessinpracticalapplicationsInconclusion,microgridsarebecominganincreasinglyimportantpartofthemodernenergylandscape.However,theireffectiveoperationandstabilityremainmajorchallengesduetothecomplexanddynamicnatureofthesystem.Thispaperhaspresentedareviewoftheexistingliteratureonmicrogridcontrolstrategiesandhighlightedthebenefitsandlimitationsofeachapproach.Inaddition,anewdistributedcontrolstrategybasedonanimprovedvirtualimpedancemodelhasbeenproposedandtestedthroughsimulations.

Theproposedstrategyaimsatachievingpowerbalanceamongtheinvertersandimprovingthepowerutilizationefficiencyandstabilityofthemicrogrid.Thesimulationresultshavedemonstratedthatthestrategyiseffectiveinachievingtheseobjectives,anditcanprovidetheoreticalsupportforthelong-termstableoperationofmicrogrids.However,furtherstudiesandexperimentsareneededtovalidatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedstrategyunderdifferentsystemparametersandoperatingconditions.

Overall,thefindingsofthispresentstudysuggestthatdistributedcontrolstrategiesthataccountforthedynamicnatureofmicrogridsystemscanofferpotentialsolutionstosomeofthekeychallengesencounteredinmicrogridoperation.Furtherresearchisneededtooptimizethesestrategiesandtoevaluatetheireffectivenessinpracticalapplications.Nonetheless,theproposedcontrolstrategyholdsagreatpromiseforthefutureofmicrogridtechnologyandhasthepotentialtocontributesignificantlytotheongoingeffortstotransformtheenergysectortowardsasustainableandresilientfutureAnotherpotentialsolutiontochallengesfacedinmicrogridoperationsistheuseofenergystoragesystems.Energystoragesystemscanhelptobalanceoutfluctuationsinenergysupplyanddemand,storeexcessenergyduringtimesoflowdemand,andreleasestoredenergyduringpeakdemandperiods.

Thereareavarietyofenergystoragetechnologiesavailable,includingbatteries,pumpedhydrostorage,andflywheels.Eachtechnologyhasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages,andthechoiceoftechnologywilldependonthespecificneedsofthemicrogrid.Forexample,batteriesarelightweightandcanbeeasilyintegratedintoexistinginfrastructure,makingthemidealforsmall-scaleapplications.Pumpedhydrostorage,ontheotherhand,canstorelargeamountsofenergyandiswell-suitedforlarger-scaleapplications.

Inadditiontoenergystorage,smartgridtechnologiescanalsoprovidesolutionstothechallengesofmicrogridoperations.Smartgridtechnologiesuseadvancedsensorsandcommunicationsystemstomonitorenergyconsumptionandproductioninreal-time,allowingformoreefficientuseofenergyandbettermanagementoftheenergygrid.

Forexample,demandresponsesystemscanbeusedtoautomaticallyadjustenergyconsumptionbasedonsupplyanddemand.Thiscanhelptopreventblackoutsorbrownoutsduringperiodsofhighdemand,whilealsoreducingenergycostsforconsumers.Similarly,advancedmeteringinfrastructure(AMI)canprovidedetailedinformationaboutenergyconsumption,allowingformoreaccuratebillingandbettermanagementofenergyusage.

Overall,thefutureofmicrogridsystemswilldependonavarietyoffactors,includingadvancementsinrenewableenergytechnologies,thedevelopmentofenergystoragesystems,andtheimplementationofsmartgridtechnologies.Withcontinuedresearchanddevelopment,microgridsystemshavethepotential