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Chapter11TheAccountingInformationSystemMANAGEMENTINFORMATIONSYSTEMS8/ERaymondMcLeod,Jr.andGeorgeSchellCopyright2001Prentice-Hall,Inc.11-111.2WhatisDataProcessing?Manipulationortransformationofsymbolsforthepurposeofincreasingtheirusefulness.Dataprocessing(DP)andtransactionprocessing(TP)areoftenusedinterchangeably.Appliedtobusinessdata11-211.3AccountingInformation

Systems(AIS)Gathersdatadescribingafirm’sactivityTransformsdataintoinformationMakesinformationavailabletousersinsideandoutsidethefirm11-311.4DataProcessingTasks1.GatherdataEachtransactionisdocumentedWhathappened?Whendidithappen?Howmuch(volume,value)?Transactionsdescribe11-52. ManipulatedataClassify(usecodes)SortCalculateSummarizeDataProcessingTasks[cont.]11-63.Storedata

DescribeseachtransactionRepresentsmostofthedatabaseDataProcessingTasks[cont.]11-711.5CharacteristicsoftheAISPerformsnecessarytasksStandardproceduresDetaileddataHistoricalfocusProvidesminimalproblem-solvinginformation11-911.6SampleAIS

TheDistributionSystemUsersManufacturersWholesalersRetailersGeneralinnatureUsedinmanydifferenttypesoffirmsRetailersManufacturingService11-1011.6.2DFDsDataflowdiagramDocumentasysteminahierarchicalmannerDataflows,processes,environmentalelementsContextlevelisoverallsystemwithinenvironmentLeveledandBalancedDFDs11-11CustomersSalesOrdersRejectedsalesordernoticesInvoicesStatementsPaymentsbycustomersReceivablesledgerdata

1.

FillOrdersInventoryledgerdataPayablesledgerdataOtherreportsBudgetreportsBalancesheet

IncomestatementManagementReceiveditemsPurchasingdataCommitmentsPurchaseOrders

2.Orderreplenish-mentstockShipmentsSupplierinvoicesSupplierstatementsPaymentstosuppliersSuppliersStockMaterialsstockroomAFigure0DiagramoftheDistributionSystem3.Maintaingeneralledger11-13圖11-3

Customers1.3Billing1.1OrderEntry1.4Accountsreceivable1.2InventorySalesordersRejectedsalesordernoticesAcceptedordersFilleditemsPurchasingdataReceiveditems

InventoryledgerdataReceivablesledgerdataBilledordersStatementsInvoicesCompletedorders

Paymentsbycustomers3322AFigure1DiagramoftheSystemsthatFillCustomerOrders11-14圖11-4Purchasingdata

Commitments

SuppliersPaymentstosuppliersSupplierstatementsSupplierinvoices

PayableledgerdataMaterialsstockroom

StockIncurredobligations2.2Receiving

IssuedpurchaseorderdataFilledpurchaseordersShipments

Receiveditems

PurchaseordersReceivedpurchases2.1Purchasing2.3

AccountspayableAFigure2DiagramoftheSystemsthatOrderReplenishmentStock13111-15圖11-511.6.3FillCustomerOrdersOrderentry Salesorderform Inventory ProcesssalesProcessreceiptsFeedgeneralledger11-17

CustomersSalesordersEditrejectsSalesordereditejects1.1.1Editorderdata

RejectedsalesordernoticesEditedordersCustomercreditfileCreditdata

1.1.2ComputercreditcheckEditedandcheckedordersCreditRejects

SalesordercreditrejectsAcceptedorders1.1.3

LoginordersOrderdataCompletedorders1.1.4MarkfilledordersDatefiledOrderlogAFigure1.1DiagramoftheOrderEntrySystem1.21.311-18圖11-7Backorderfile1.2.1Checkthebalanceonhand1.2.2Checkthereorderpoint1.2.3Addreceiveditems1.2.4ProvidegeneralledgerdataItemrecordsBackorderrecordsInventoryfileItemsavailableUpdateditemrecordsFilleditemsPurchasingdataInventoryInventoryrecordsReceiveditemsInventoryledgerdataAFigure1.2DiagramoftheInventorySystem1.11.3232Acceptedorders11-19圖11-8Customers1.3.1ObtaincustomerdataCustomerfile1.3.2PrepareinvoicesFilleditemsCustomerdataInvoicedataBilledordersInvoicesCompletedordersAFigure1.3DiagramoftheBillingSystem1.21.11.411-21圖11-9AccountsReceivableFourseparatetriggersToday'ssalesToday'spaymentsTimetosendstatementsNeedtoprovidegeneralledgerdata11-22

BilledordersAccountsreceivablefileReceivablesledgerdataReceivablesrecordstodeleteNewreceivablesReceivablesrecords1.4.3PreparestatementsCustomersPaymentsbycustomersPaidreceivablesfilePaidreceivablesrecordsStatementrecordsStatementsAFigure1.4DiagramoftheAccountsReceivableSystem1.4.1Addnewreceivables1.4.4Providegeneralledgerdata1.4.2Deletepaidreceivables31.311-23圖11.10SupplierfileOutstandingpurchaseorderfiles2.1.1SelectsuppliersPurchasingdataPastperformancedataInventoryandsupplierdataPurchaseorderdata2.1.2ObtainverbalcommitmentsSuppliers2.1.3Preparepurchaseorders2.1.4CloseoutpurchaseordersCommitmentsPurchaseOrdersIssuedpurchaseorderdataIncurredObligationsPurchaseorderrecordsFilledpurchaseOrdersPurchaserecordstocloseoutAFigure2.1DiagramofthePurchasingSystem12.22.22.3PurchaseOrderhistoryfileRemovedpurchaseorderrecords11-25圖11-11AFigure2.2DiagramoftheReceivingSystemSuppliersPurchaseditemsfile2.2.1processreceiptsMaterialsstockroom2.2.1Notifyothersystems

2.12.12.31PurchaseditemdataIssuedpurchaseorderdataShipmentsStocksReceiptinformationReceiveditemsFilledpurchaseordersReceivedpurchases11-26圖11-1211.7AISistheFoundationSystemTheAISmustbeimplement

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