基于轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化的電動汽車用高轉(zhuǎn)矩性價比永磁輔助型同步磁阻電機(jī)研究

基于轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化的電動汽車用高轉(zhuǎn)矩性價比永磁輔助型同步磁阻電機(jī)研究摘要：電動汽車作為替代傳統(tǒng)燃油車的新能源汽車，在環(huán)保、節(jié)能等方面具有顯著優(yōu)勢。其中，電機(jī)作為關(guān)鍵元器件之一，對電動汽車的性能和續(xù)航里程有著重要影響。本文則以高轉(zhuǎn)矩性價比永磁輔助型同步磁阻電機(jī)為研究對象，通過對電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)和運行原理的分析，提出了基于轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化的改進(jìn)方案。

首先，通過對傳統(tǒng)同步磁阻電機(jī)的研究和分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)其存在轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動較大、低速性能差等問題。為此，本文提出一種永磁輔助型同步磁阻電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)方案，在傳統(tǒng)同步磁阻電機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上增加永磁勵磁作用，提高永磁機(jī)磨合質(zhì)量和電機(jī)效率。

其次，本文基于轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化理論，提出一種基于電機(jī)電流曲線協(xié)調(diào)控制的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化方法。通過對電機(jī)的電流曲線進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)控制，有效減小了電機(jī)在運行過程中的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動，提升了電機(jī)的驅(qū)動性能和效率。

最后，通過仿真和實驗驗證，驗證了所提出的基于轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化的改進(jìn)方案及控制方法的有效性，證明了該方案具有一定的實用性和普適性。

關(guān)鍵詞：電動汽車；同步磁阻電機(jī)；永磁勵磁；轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動優(yōu)化；控制方法；仿真實驗

Abstract:Electricvehicles,asnewenergyvehiclesreplacingtraditionalfuelvehicles,havesignificantadvantagesinenvironmentalprotectionandenergysaving.Amongthem,themotor,asoneofthekeycomponents,hasanimportantimpactontheperformanceandcruisingrangeofelectricvehicles.Thispapertakesthehightorque-cost-effectivepermanentmagnet-assistedsynchronousreluctancemotorastheresearchobject,andproposesanimprovementplanbasedontorquepulsationoptimizationthroughanalysisofthemotorstructureandoperatingprinciple.

Firstly,throughresearchandanalysisoftraditionalsynchronousreluctancemotor,thepaperfoundthatithasproblemssuchaslargetorquepulsationandpoorlow-speedperformance.Therefore,thispaperproposesanimprovementplanforthepermanentmagnet-assistedsynchronousreluctancemotor,whichincreasesthepermanentmagnetexcitationeffectonthebasisofthetraditionalsynchronousreluctancemotor,andimprovestherunning-inqualityandefficiencyofthepermanentmagnetmachine.

Secondly,basedonthetheoryoftorquepulsationoptimization,thispaperproposesatorquepulsationoptimizationmethodbasedoncoordinatedcontrolofmotorcurrentcurve.Bycoordinatingandcontrollingthecurrentcurveofthemotor,thetorquepulsationofthemotorduringoperationiseffectivelyreduced,andthedrivingperformanceandefficiencyofthemotorareimproved.

Finally,throughsimulationandexperimentalverification,theeffectivenessoftheproposedimprovementplanandcontrolmethodbasedontorquepulsationoptimizationisverified,andthepracticalityanduniversalityoftheplanareproved.

Keywords:electricvehicles;synchronousreluctancemotor;permanentmagnetexcitation;torquepulsationoptimization;controlmethod;simulationandexperimentalverificationElectricvehicleshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyearsduetotheirsustainableandeco-friendlynature.Asacrucialcomponentofelectricvehicles,thesynchronousreluctancemotorhasgainedmoreattentionforitsadvantagesofhighefficiency,lownoise,andlowmaintenance.

However,reducingtorquepulsationisessentialforimprovingtheoperationperformanceofthesynchronousreluctancemotor.Torquepulsationcancausevibration,noise,anddecreasetheefficiencyofthemotor,whichmayaffecttheridingcomfortanddrivingexperienceoftheelectricvehicle.

Toovercometheproblemoftorquepulsation,thisstudyproposesanimprovementplanandanoptimizedcontrolmethodbasedontorquepulsationoptimization.Theimprovementplaninvolvesoptimizingthestatorandrotorstructure,adjustingthemagnetizationdirection,andselectinganappropriatewindingscheme,whilethecontrolmethodutilizesafeedbackcontrolalgorithmtominimizethetorquepulsation.

Throughsimulationandexperimentalverification,ourproposedimprovementplanandcontrolmethodhavedemonstratedasignificantreductionintorquepulsation,therebyimprovingthedrivingperformanceandefficiencyofthemotor.Moreover,theuniversalityandpracticalityoftheplanwerealsoverified,emphasizingthepotentialapplicationofourapproachinthedevelopmentofthesynchronousreluctancemotorforelectricvehicles.

Overall,thisstudyprovidesapromisingsolutionforreducingtorquepulsationinsynchronousreluctancemotors,whichcanbenefitthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandenvironmentally-friendlyelectricvehiclesinthefutureInadditiontothefindingspresentedintheprevioussections,thereareseveralotheraspectsworthconsideringinfurtherresearchonsynchronousreluctancemotorsforelectricvehicles.

Oneofthecriticalfactorsaffectingtheperformanceofthesynchronousreluctancemotoristhedesignoftherotor.Whiletherotorgeometryusedinthisstudywasbasedonaconventionaldesign,therearevarioustypesofrotorstructures,suchasfluxbarriersorskewing,thatcaninfluencethemotor'soutputcharacteristics.Futureresearchcanexploretheimpactofdifferentrotordesignsontorquepulsationreductionandoverallmotorperformance.

Anotherimportantaspectofelectricvehiclemotordesignistheintegrationofelectroniccontrolsystems.Inthisstudy,asimplesensorlesscontrolalgorithmwasemployedtodrivethemotor;however,moreadvancedcontrolschemes,suchasfield-orientedcontrol,canprovidebettercontroloverthemotor'soperation.Additionally,incorporatingadvancedcontroltechniquessuchasadaptivecontrol,neuralnetworks,orfuzzylogiccanimprovethemotor'sperformanceandreducetorquepulsationfurther.

Theeffectsoftemperatureandthermalmanagementonsynchronousreluctancemotorperformanceshouldalsobeconsidered.Electricvehiclesoperateunderawiderangeoftemperatureconditions,whichcanimpactthemotor'soutputpowerandefficiency.Therefore,thermalanalysisandoptimizationshouldbeintegratedintothemotordesignprocesstoensurereliableandefficientoperationundervariousoperatingconditions.

Finally,itisimportanttoinvestigatethescalabilityoftheproposedapproach.Thesynchronousreluctancemotor'sperformanceisstronglydependentonitssize,withlargermotorsrequiringadifferentapproachtotorquepulsationreduction.Furthermore,electricvehiclepowertrainsystemsrequirestandardizedinterfacesbetweenmotors,powerelectronics,andbatteries.Therefore,theproposedapproachshouldbeinvestigatedoverarangeofmotorsizestoensureitspracticalityanduniversalityindifferentelectricvehicleapplications.

Insummary,thisstudyprovidesanovelapproachforreducingtorquepulsationinsynchronousreluctancemotors,whichcanbenefitthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandenvironmentally-friendlyelectricvehicles.Futureresearchshouldfurtherinvestigatetheimpactofrotordesign,advancedcontrolsystems,temperature,andscalabilityonthemotor'sperformanceandapplicabilityindifferentelectricvehicleapplicationsFurthermore,theuseofsynchronousreluctancemotorsinelectricvehiclesisnotlimitedtoonlyreducingtorquepulsations.Thesemotorshavealsobeenfoundtobehighlyefficient,cost-effective,andreliable.Theyhaveasimplestructureandrequireminimalmaintenance,makingthemapromisingoptionforelectricvehicles.Additionally,theycanoperateathighspeedsandhightemperatures,makingthemsuitableforawiderangeofapplications.

Oneofthekeyadvantagesofsynchronousreluctancemotorsistheiruniversalapplicability.Theycanbeusednotonlyinelectriccarsbutalsoinbuses,trucks,trains,boats,andaircraft.Forexample,inthefieldofaviation,synchronousreluctancemotorsarebecomingincreasinglypopularduetotheirhighpowerdensityandlowweight.Theycanhelpreduceemissions,noise,andfuelconsumption,therebycontributingtoamoresustainableaviationindustry.

Inthemarineindustry,synchronousreluctancemotorsarebeingusedinvariousapplicationssuchaspropulsion,auxiliarysystems,andenergystorage.Theyofferhightorquedensity,lownoise,andefficiency,makingthemapopularchoiceforelectricboatsandships.Furthermore,thesemotorscanoperateinharshenvironments,makingthemidealformarineapplications.

Inthefieldofpublictransportation,synchronousreluctancemotorshavebeenusedinbusesandtrains,wheretheyhaveprovedtobehighlyefficientandreliable.Theycanhelpreducemaintenancecosts,improveenergyefficiency,andenhancepassengercomfort.Inaddition,synchronousreluctancemotorscanoffersignificantbenefitsintermsofnoisereduction,whichiscriticalinurbanenvironments.

Inconclusion,synchronousreluctancemotorsofferapromisingsolutionforreducingtorquepulsationsinelectricvehicles.Theyareefficient,reliab