【課件】Unit 1 Reading and Thinking 課件-人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

ReadingandThinking:【版本：新人教2019版冊(cè)別：選擇性必修四】UNIT1SCIENCEFICTIONExploretherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobotsLearningObjectivesTodevelopstudents’interestinreadingEnglishnovelsbyappreciatingthestory.Todevelopstudents’readinghabits,likegeneralreading,scanningfordetailsandhowtoanalyzeandappreciateliteratureworks(deepreading).Tobuildupstudents’interestsinscienceandtechnology.ⅠPre-readingWatchashortvideoaboutthefuturelifeandanswerthefollowingquestions:Whatcanyouseeinthevideo?Whatthingsdoesthisvideoremindyouof?Icanseeanillustrationofsomemoderntowersandmanyskyscrapers,oneofwhichlookslikelandingpadsanddockingplacesforspaceships.Therearealsosomespaceshipsjettingacrossthesky.AndinthevideoIcanseemanyrobotsservinghumanbeings.Whatcanyouseeinthevideo?Whatthingsdoesthisvideoremindyouof?SomeoftheshapesofthebuildingsandthematerialsremindmeofsomemodernbuildingsIhaveseenincitieslikeBeijingandShanghai.Besidesthisvideoremindsmeoftheplotofsciencefiction.Pre-readingThinkandDiscussWhatissciencefiction?Haveyoureadanysciencefiction?Whatelementsdoessciencefictionusuallyinclude?Sciencefiction,abbreviationSForsci-fi,isaformoffictionthatdealsprincipallywiththeimpactofactualorimaginedscienceuponsocietyorindividuals.Yes,Ihavereadsome.Thesestoriesoftencontainscientificdevicesthatwedonothavenow,andtechnologiesthatseemimpossible,suchastimetravel.Thecharactersmayhavebodies,cultures,andbackgroundsthatareverydifferentthanourown.Thethemesoftenincludespaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans,etc.Whatissciencefiction?Haveyoureadanysciencefiction?Whatelementsdoessciencefictionusuallyinclude?Today’ssciencefictionistomorrow’ssciencefact.—IsaacAsimovWhatwereadaboutinsciencefictionstoriestodaywillbecomerealityinthefuture.今天的科幻小說即明天的科學(xué)現(xiàn)實(shí)。IssacAsimov

(1920-1992)Twofamouspredictions:Wewillenterspacetostay.Computerizationwillundoubtedlycontinueonwardinevitably.Doyouagreewiththisquote?Givemeyourreasons.第一定律:機(jī)器人不得傷害人類個(gè)體，或者目睹人類個(gè)體將遭受危險(xiǎn)而袖手不管。第二定律:機(jī)器人必須服從人給予它的命令，當(dāng)該命令與第一定律沖突時(shí)例外。第三定律:機(jī)器人在不違反第一、第二定律的情況下要盡可能保護(hù)自己的生存。裸陽afamousAmericansciencefictionwriterfullofimaginationandcreativitydevelopasetofthree“l(fā)aws”forrobotsIssacAsimov(艾薩克·阿西莫夫)

永恒的終結(jié)我，機(jī)器人這是一部匯集世界科幻大師阿西莫夫創(chuàng)作的有關(guān)機(jī)器人短篇小說全集。全書包括SatisfactionGuaranteed（《保證滿意》）在內(nèi)，共32篇文章，在這些形形色色的短篇小說中，各種機(jī)器人的形象描寫得栩栩如生，他們的喜怒哀樂，他們與人類如何相處，他們的存在所帶來的人類社會(huì)的困感等無不使得故事具有獨(dú)特的趣味Robotsaremostcommonlyusedtodayinfactoriestomakethings.Thereareafewrobotswhicharebeingusedinshopsandinthehome,butforthemostparttheyappeartobeinformationproviders,educationaltoys,orhousecleaners.Therehasbeenalotofworktodesigndomesticrobotslately,andtheymaysoonbeareality.Manyoftheserobotsarebeingdesignedforthehandicappedortheelderly.Forexample,ahandicappedpersonoranelderlypersonwhohastroublemovingaroundthehousecouldbehelpedbyarobot.Therobotcanalsocookandfeedpeoplewhentheyneedhelp.Howdorobotsalreadyhelphumansintheirlivestoday?Whatdoyouthinkadomesticrobotcoulddoforafamilyinthefuture?(P2E1)Whosesatisfactiondoyouthinkwillbeguaranteed?Whatdoestheword“adapted”mean?Howarerobotsusuallydescribedinsciencefiction?Willtherebearobotinthisnovel?Whattypeofrobotwillitbe?Lookatthetitleofthepassageandanswerthequestions.Let’sreadthepassage.(P2-3)SatificationGuaranteed（Adapted）包你滿意（改變版）ⅡWhile-readingSkimthepassageandthinkaboutthequestions:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Whatkindofgenre(體裁)isthepassage?Thepassagemainlytellsusan__________whereahouseholdrobotwas__________.testedoutexperiment1.Readforthemainidea:Descriptive描寫文Narrative記敘文Expository說明文Argumentation議論文Whatkindofgenre(體裁)isthepassage?Thinkaboutthequestions(P2E2):Whoarethesepeople?Whataretherelationshipsamongthem?LarryBelmontClaireGladysClaffernTonyClairehousewifeLarryBelmontworkedforarobotcompanyTonyrobot:tall;handsome;morelikeahumanGladysClaffernoneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaroundhusbandwifeClaireenviedher.Clairetestedouttherobot.TonyhelpedClaireinallaspects.madethishouseholdrobotRelationships:LaryBelmontworkedforacompanythatmaderobots.

Recentlyithadbegunexperimentingwithahouseholdrobot.Itwasgoingtobetestedoutbylarry’swife,

Claire.1:拉里·貝爾蒙特在一家機(jī)器人制造公司工作。該公司最近開始試驗(yàn)家用機(jī)器人。機(jī)器人將由拉里的妻子克萊爾進(jìn)行試用(testout)。Clairedidn'twanttherobotinherhouse,especialy

asherhusbandwouldbeawayonabusinesstripforthreeweeks,butlarypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.Itwouldbeabonus.Howeverwhenshefirstsawtherobot,shefeltalarmed.HisnamewasTony.Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoice,althoughhisfacialexpresionneverchanged.2.克萊爾并不想家里有個(gè)機(jī)器人，尤其是在丈夫要出差三周的時(shí)候，但是拉里勸她說機(jī)器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓她受到傷害。還會(huì)是個(gè)意外收獲(bonus)。然而，第一次看到機(jī)器人時(shí)，克萊爾還是有點(diǎn)驚慌。這個(gè)機(jī)器人名叫托尼，看著不太像機(jī)器，而更像(morelike)一個(gè)真人。托尼高大英俊，頭發(fā)順滑，嗓音低沉，不過他的面部表情始終不變。Onthesecondmoning,Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.Shefeltembarasedandquicklytoldhimtogo.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.3.第二天早晨，托尼給克萊爾端來了早餐，還問她是否需要幫忙穿衣打扮?？巳R爾感到非常尷尬，立刻讓托尼走開?，F(xiàn)在，她正由一個(gè)看起來這么像人類的機(jī)器人照料著，這很令人不安。Oneday,Clairementionedthatshedidn'tthinkshewasclever.Tonysaidthatshemustfeelveryunhappytosaythat.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegradully

admiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.Healwaystreatedherwithdignity.Shetoldhimhowshewasunhappythatherhomewasn'telegantenoughforlarry,whowantedtoimprovehissocialpositionwithabiggersalary.shewasn'tlikeGladysClaffern,oneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaround.4.有一天，克萊爾說她覺得自己并不聰明。托尼說她肯定是感到很不開心才會(huì)這么說?？巳R爾覺得一個(gè)機(jī)器人對(duì)她表示同情十分荒謬(ridiculous)但她逐漸欣賞托尼的智慧和正直(integrity)，并且開始信任他。托尼對(duì)她彬彬有禮(treatherwithdignity)?？巳R爾告訴托尼自己多么不開心，因?yàn)槔镉X得家里不夠雅致;拉里想通過漲工資(salary)來提高自己的社會(huì)地位?？巳R爾與格拉迪絲·克拉芬不同，后者是當(dāng)?shù)刈钣绣X有勢(shì)的女性之一。Asafavour,TonypromisedtohelpClairemakeherselfmorebeautifulandherhomemoreelegant.Soclaireborrowedsomelibrarybooksforhimtoread,orrather,scan.Shelookedathisfingerswithwonderastheyturnedeachpage.Howabsurd,shethought.Hewasjustamachine.5.作為一項(xiàng)恩惠，托尼答應(yīng)幫助克萊爾，把她變得更漂亮些，也把她的家變得更雅致些。于是，克萊爾從圖書館借來了一些書讓托尼閱讀，應(yīng)該說是讓他掃視。她驚奇地看著托尼的手指翻動(dòng)書頁的樣子，心想這太荒唐(absurd)了。他只不過是一臺(tái)機(jī)器罷了。TonygaveClaireanewhairstyleandimprovedhermakeup.Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofthingsthathewouldneedforhisworkonthehouse.

Clairewentdowntownandboughtthesethings.

Shehadanappointmenttopainthernails,thenshewentintoanexpensiveclothesshop.Thesaleswomantherewasrudetoher,sosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.

Hespoketothewomanwho

immerdiatalychangedherattitude.ClairethankedTony,tellinghimthathewasa"dear".Assheturmedaround,therestoodGladysClafern.Howawfultobediscoveredbyher,Clairethought.Bythelookonherface,ClaireknewthatGladysthoughttheywereinarelationship.Afterall,sheknewClaire’shusband’snamewasLarry,notTony.Althoughitwascompletelyinnocent,Clairefeltguilty.6.托尼給克萊爾做了一個(gè)新發(fā)型，還改善了她的妝容。但是，由于托尼被禁止陪同克萊爾去商店，所以他開具了一張裝修房子所需材料的清單?？巳R爾去市中心購(gòu)買了這些東西。她按預(yù)約(appointment)去美甲(nail后，走進(jìn)了一家高檔時(shí)裝店。女店員(saleswoman)對(duì)她很粗魯，于是她打電話給托尼，告訴他說自己受到了不禮貌的對(duì)待。托尼同店員交談之后，店員立刻改變了態(tài)度。克萊爾向托尼道謝，稱托尼為“親愛的”。當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過身來，卻看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬正站在那里。被她發(fā)現(xiàn)了，這多么難堪啊，克萊爾心想。從她臉上的表情判斷，克萊爾知道格拉迪絲認(rèn)為自己出軌了。畢竟她知道克萊爾丈夫的名字是拉里，而不是托尼。雖然完全無辜，克萊爾還是感到內(nèi)疚(guilty)。WhenClairegothome,shewept.GladyswaseverythingClairewishedtobe.TonytoldhershewasbeingsensitiveandwasjustasgoodasGladys.

HesuggestedthatsheinviteGladysandherfriendstothehousethenightbeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn.Bythattime,Tonyexpectedthatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.7.到家后，克萊爾啜泣不止。格拉迪絲是她竭力模仿的對(duì)象。托尼對(duì)克萊爾說，她這樣想有點(diǎn)敏感，其實(shí)她像格拉迪絲一樣優(yōu)秀。托尼還建議在他離開，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克萊爾邀請(qǐng)格拉迪絲和她的朋友們到家里來。到那個(gè)時(shí)候，托尼預(yù)計(jì)這棟正在徹底改造的房子將大功告成。Thenightofthepartyarived.Theclockstruckeight.Theguestswouldbearivingsoon,soClairedismissedTonyfortherestofthenight.Atthatmoment,Tonytookherinhisarms,bringinghisfaceclosetohers.sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday,andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.Thenthefrontdoorbellrang.8.聚會(huì)之夜到了。時(shí)鐘敲響了八點(diǎn)整，客人們很快就要來了，于是克萊爾讓托尼結(jié)束(dismiss)了當(dāng)晚的工作。就在那一瞬間，托尼將她攬入懷中，慢慢地貼近她的臉龐?？巳R爾聽著托尼宣布(declare)說他次日并不想離開她，而且心里的愿望不只是讓她開心而已。就在這時(shí)，前門的門鈴響了。ItturnedoutthatTonywasarobot,sothereisnocrisisinClaire’smarriage.ButClairemighthavefalleninlovewithTonybeforesheknewit.Understandforeshadowings(伏筆)in

thesentenceWhydidClairefeelguilty?Para6Para7Whatdoesthesentencemean?Clairefeltinferior(較差的；比不上……的)toGladys,becauseshewassensitive,soTonywantedtohelpherregainherconfidence.Besides,heknewthatGladysandherfriendsmustenviedherwhentheysawthehandsomerobot.Understandforeshadowings(伏筆)in

thesentencecomparison:thesameas,similarto,similarly,morelike,justas,incomparison,inthesamewayWhatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenTonyandahumanbeing?Usethewordsintheboxestodescribethesimilaritiesanddifferences.(P3E5)contrast:differentfrom,but,while,whereas,although,however,incontrast,ontheotherhandTonyHumanbeingprogrammedtoappearsensitivecanshowtruesensitivityandcarealwaysthesameemotionscanchangeofferssympathytreatspeoplekindlywarmbodyAhumanbeing’sfacialexpressionchangesoften,whereasTony’sneverchanges.EXAMPLEPost-readingⅢDoyouthinkitispossibleforapersontolovearobot?Why?Whatrelationshipdoyouthinkwilldevelopbetweenhumansandrobotsinthefuture?RelationshipwithRobots:GoodorBadforHumans?Debate(P3E6)LanguagePointsⅣ1科幻小說2用……做實(shí)驗(yàn)3檢驗(yàn)；測(cè)驗(yàn)4出差5感到驚慌6更像是；接近7彬彬有禮地對(duì)待某人Importantphrases

(P1~P2)sciencefictiontestoutonabusinesstripfeelalarmedmoreliketreatsbwithdignityexperimentwith8提