2023新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)中考總復(fù)習(xí)講義

本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——2023新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)中考總復(fù)習(xí)講義

新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)中考總復(fù)習(xí)精品講義

初中英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專輯（1）——名詞

名詞的數(shù)

1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞

A、不可數(shù)名詞，初中階段常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange(桔汁);fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper(紙);time(時(shí)間);music;weather;grass;news;food;fish(魚肉);coke;porridge;cake(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)).不可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1)前無(wú)數(shù)、冠，后無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)；作主語(yǔ)為三單.

2)表量用約數(shù)some/any;much;alotof或用of短語(yǔ)eg.Thereis____breadonthetable.[C]A.aB.oneC.apieceofD.manyThereissome_______ontheplate.[B]A.appleB.fishC.milksD.deer2、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)A、不規(guī)則變化：

man—men;woman—women;child—childrenpoliceman—policemenEnglishman—EnglishmenFrenchman—Frenchmen

foot—feet;tooth—teethmouse(鼠)—miceB、規(guī)則變化

1）s;sh;ch;x結(jié)尾加es讀[iz]2)ce;se;ze;(d)ge結(jié)尾加s

eg.boxes[bksiz]blouses[blauziz]3)f(fe)結(jié)尾則變f(fe)為v加es讀[vz]eg.knives[naivz]

4)―輔+y‖結(jié)尾變y為i加es清就清[s]5)一般加s濁就濁[z]eg.books[buks]pens[penz]babies[beibiz]但注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes

②單復(fù)同形:fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese

③由man,woman在詞首構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞應(yīng)將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)mandoctor—mendoctors④reef—reefs

⑤“某國(guó)人〞的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面.eg.German—Germans

⑥people,police常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念Thepolicearelookingforthemissingboy.3、名詞所有格：名詞‘s(意思是―??的‖)A.有生命的名詞所有格，一般在后加“‘s〞但注意：1)表兩者共有則在后者加“‘s〞

LucyandLily‘sfather露西和莉莉的父親

Lucy‘sandLily‘sfathers露西的父親和莉莉的父親.2)以s結(jié)尾的詞只加“‘〞

eg.1)theboys‘books2)James‘father

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3)無(wú)生命的名詞所有格用of來(lái)引導(dǎo)eg.thelegofthedesk4)雙重所有格：afriendofmyfather‘s

afriendofmine(√)afriendofmy(×)

練習(xí)

一、寫出以下詞的復(fù)數(shù)．

1.book______2.bus______3.orange_______4.baby______5.boy______6.my________7.his_______8.knife______9.watch________10.sheep______11.tooth_____12.leaf____13.German__________14.Chinese_________二、選擇正確的答案()1.—Arethose______?

No,theyaren‘t.They‘re_____.A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows

()2.Mum,I‘mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme____.A.twoorangeB.twobottlesoforange

C.twobottlesorangeD.twobottlesoforanges

()3.Ihavegot___newsfrommyfriend.Doyouwanttoknow?A.averygoodB.any

C.apieceofD.twopieces()4.___roomisonthe5thfloor.

A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily‘sC.Lucy‘sandLilyD.Lucy‘sandLily‘s

()5.EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa____tohisoffice.A.20minutes‘walkB.20minute‘swalkC.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk

()6.ThisisJamesAllanGreen.Wecancallhim____.A.Mr.GreenB.Mr.AllanC.Mr.JamesD.JamesGreen()7.JackandTomare____.

A.goodfriendsB.goodfriendC.agoodfriendD.goodafriend

()8.It‘sonlyaboutten____walktothenearestpostoffice.A.minutesB.minute‘sC.minutes‘D.minute()9.Heoftenhas____forbreakfast.

A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads

()10.Mrs.Greenhastwo____.They‘reverybright.A.childsB.childC.children‘sD.children

()11.WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim‘s______.A.twomonthsholidayB.twomonths‘holidayC.two-monthholidayD.twomonth‘sholidays

()12.Iwon‘tgotherewithyou,forIhavealotof____todo.A.worksB.jobC.workD.working

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()13.LiLeiisafriendof___.

A.IsisterB.mysister‘sC.mesisterD.mysisterof()14.Haveyouread____?

A.today‘sB.todaypaperC.thetoday‘spaperD.today‘spaper

()15.Howmany___arethereintheroom?A.boxesB.boxC.boxsD.boxxes

()16.Many____havebeenbuiltinourcitysince1987.A.factorysB.factoriesC.factoryesD.factorys

()17.Therearelotsof___inthebasketonthetable.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss()18.Thecatcaughttwo___lastnight.

A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices

()19.Jackwenttohavetwo___pulledoutyesterdayafternoon.A.toothsB.toothC.teethD.toothes()20.Inourschooltherearefifty-five___.A.womenteachersB.womanteachersC.womenteacherD.woman‘steacher()21.Thethree___willbeputintoprison.A.thiefsB.thiefC.thievesD.thiefs‘練習(xí)答案：一、

1.books2.buses3.oranges4.babies5.boys6.our7.their8.knives9.watches10.sheep11.teeth12.leaves13.Germans14.Chinese二、

1——5ABCBD6—10AACCD11—15CCBDA16—21BCBCAC

初中英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專輯（2）——冠詞

1、不定冠詞a,an

a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前eg.abookausefulbooka―u‖[ju:sful][ju:]an用于元音開頭的詞前.eg.anappleanhouran―F‖[au][ef]2、定冠詞the1)特指某人/某物

Thebookonthedeskismine.2)世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前

thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky

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3)形、副最高級(jí)及序數(shù)詞前Thethirdboyisthetallestofall.

(但當(dāng)這些詞前已有其他限定詞，如物主代詞、所有格、指示代詞時(shí)，則不能再用the)HeismyfirstEnglishteacher.

4)the+姓的復(fù)數(shù)表示“某家人〞或“某夫婦〞。theGreens格林一家/格林夫婦3、不用冠詞的幾種狀況：

1)在星期、月份、季節(jié)前不用冠詞2)學(xué)科名詞前

3)球類運(yùn)動(dòng)及早、中、晚三餐名詞前（但：①當(dāng)三餐名詞前有修飾詞時(shí)，則要加適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~.②表樂(lè)曲演奏的名詞前應(yīng)加the）

1)Hewenttoschoolafterhehadaquickbreakfast.2)playtheviolin/piano

練習(xí)

()1.Thereis____―s‖in____word―bus‖.A.a;aB.an;theC.a;theD.an;a

()2.Mathsis___usefulsubject.Youcan‘tdropit,Ithink.A.anB.aC.theD./()3.____badweatheritis!

A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What()4.—Whatcoloris___orange?

--It‘s_____orange.

A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an()5.Mr.Liis____oldworker.

A.anB.aC.someD./

()6.Lookat____picture!There‘s____houseinit.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a

()7.Onemorninghefound____handbag.Therewas___―s‖onthecornerof___handbag.A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.a;a;aD.the;an;a()8.What___interestingstoryitis!A.aB.anC.theD./

()9.Meimeiis___beststudentinherclass.A.aB.anC./D.the

()10.Tomis___kindboy.All___studentslovehim.A.a;/B.a;theC.an;/D.an;the()11.Is___bookonthedeskmine?Yes.A.theB.aC.anD./

()12.Evenwhilehewasin___hospital,hewentonwritingsongs.A.aB.anC.theD./()13.Don‘tread_____.

A.inbedB.inthebedC.onbedD.onthebed()14.Smithis____honestman.A.aB.theC.anD./

()15.Chinahas___populationof1,200,000,000.A./B.anC.theD.a

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()16.What‘s____for―椅.子‖?

A.EnglishB.anEnglishC.theEnglishD.anyEnglish

()17.Maryis___clevererofthetwogirls.A.theB.aC.anD.much()18.____youngmustlookafter___old.A.The;aB.The;theC.A;aD.A;the()19.___earthisoneof____planets.

A.The;sun‘sB.The;thesunC.The;thesun‘sD.The;thesuns‘()20.Tokyois___.

A.thecapitalofJapanB.capitalofJapanC.JapancapitalD.acapitalofJapan

()21.Katesometimesplays___violin(小提琴)andsometimesplays___tabletennisbeforesupper.A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD./;/

()22.–Haveyouseen___pencil?Ileftitherethismorning.

--Isit___redone?Isawit.

A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a

()23.Thereis_______orangetreebehind_____house.A.an;theB.a;aC.the;theD.an;/()24.—Howlongdidyoustaythere?

--Abouthalf___hour.

A./B.oneC.aD.an

練習(xí)題答案：

1——5DBDCA6—10DABDB11—15ADACD16—20AABCA21—24BDAD

初中英語(yǔ)專輯（3）——代詞

（一）指示代詞：this,that,these,those.this,that一般與可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)連用，而不與不可數(shù)名詞連用（但that可單獨(dú)指代不可數(shù)名詞）。thatapple(√)thatmeat(×)

TheweatherinSichuanisnotsohotas______inGuangzhou.[that](二)人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞

1）人稱代詞：主格、賓格（作主語(yǔ)為主格，作賓語(yǔ)為賓格;介+賓格）eg.1)Ithankyou2)Youthankme.

2）物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。一變(my—mine);二留(his—hisits—its)

三加s(your—yours;our—ours;her—hers;their—theirs)用法：有名不名，無(wú)名是名

eg.Thisis_____（我的）book.Thisbookis______（我的）.[my;mine]3）反身代詞：某某自己；親自

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單數(shù)yourselfmyselfhimselfherselfitself反身代詞的常見搭配：

復(fù)數(shù)yourselvesourselvesthemselves

1.enjoyoneself玩得高興；過(guò)得愉快2.hurtoneself傷著自己

3.teachoneself=learn…byoneself自學(xué)4.(all)byoneself（完全）獨(dú)立地5.helponeselfto請(qǐng)自便；隨便吃?6.lookafteroneself自理；照料自己7.leaveonebyoneself把?單獨(dú)留下8.loseoneselfin迷醉于?；沉浸于?

（三）不定代詞1)some與any

一般狀況下，some用于確定句，any用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句（但表邀請(qǐng)、建議的問(wèn)句中可用some—此類句型常以could,would開頭）

2)many+可數(shù)=alotof:大量

much+不可數(shù)

（但alotof不能用于否定句）3)few,afew;little,alittle

表否定表確定①.Thestoryiseasytoread.Thereare

____newwordsinit.[few]可數(shù)few(幾乎沒(méi)有)afew(幾個(gè)；一些)②.Hurryup!Thereis_____timeleft.[little]不可little(幾乎沒(méi)有)alittle(一點(diǎn)兒少許)4)everyone/anyone不加of數(shù)noone不加ofnoneof()____ofuswantstoreadthebook.[B]A.EveryoneB.EveryoneC.NobodyD.Noone5）other,another,others泛指特指單數(shù)another三者以上的另一個(gè)one…theother一個(gè)?另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)other復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)some…otherstheothers=theother+復(fù)名(另外的人或物)①.Westudy_____subjectsbesidesChinese.②.MayIhave___________apple?

③.Thesecupsareclean.________aredirty.

④.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,________isblue.[other;another;others;theothers]另外注意：oneanother(三者以上的)相互eachother(兩者的)相互

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Weshouldlearnfromeachother(說(shuō)明we指兩個(gè)人)Theyhelponeanother(說(shuō)明they指三個(gè)人以上)6)二者與三者二者三者復(fù)數(shù)both(都)all(都)單數(shù)neither(都不)none(都不)單數(shù)either(任何一個(gè))any(任何一個(gè))注意：

①.both否定neitherall否定none

②.both,all不但作主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，且被修飾的詞也為復(fù)數(shù)；neither,none作主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，但noneof+復(fù)名，neitherof+復(fù)名

()1.____ofmyparentsisateacher.[B]A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.All

()2.Therearemanytreeson____sideoftheriver.[C]A.bothB.anyC.eitherD.all

everyone/anyoneof

7)each:(二者以上的)每個(gè)——作主、賓、定）

every:(三者以上的)每個(gè)——只作定語(yǔ)）①.____studentintheclasslikesEnglish.②.___ofthestudentsstudiedhard.

[Every;Each]

練習(xí)

()1.____officeismuchsmallerthan____.A.Ours;yoursB.Our;yoursC.Theirs;our

()2.―Help___tosomemeat.‖myunclesaidtome.A.themselvesB.yourselfC.yourselves

()3.Therearetwentyteachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachersand____arewomenteachers.

A.othersB.theothersC.another

()4.Thereisn‘t____paperinthebox.Willyougoandget____forme?A.any;someB.any;anyC.some;any

()5.Therearemanytreeson___sidesofthestreet.A.bothB.allC.each

()6.___ofthemhasadictionaryand____oneofthemcanlookupwordsinit.A.Each;everyB.Every;eachC.Every;every

()7.―Whenshallwemeet,thisafternoonortonight?‖

―Idon‘tmind.____timeisOK.A.EitherB.EveryC.Neither()8.Wouldyoulike___cupoftea?

A.otherB.theotherC.another

()9.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgot_____.A.othereverythingB.anythingelseC.everythingelse.

()10.____ofhisparentsisateacher.A.BothB.NeitherC.None

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()11.Theriverisverydirty.____peoplegotoswiminit.A.FewB.AfewC.Little

()12.Afriendof____cametosee____yesterday.A.his;hisB.he;himC.his;him()13.Youcan‘tleaveyourbabyby___athome.A.herselfB.himselfC.itself

()14.Myfatherisverybusywithhiswork.Hehas___timetohavearest.A.littleB.alittleC.few

()15.Ihavethreeskirts.Oneisred.___twoareblack.A.anotherB.theotherC.theothers

()16.Jackhas___friendshere.Soheoftenfeelslonely.A.alittleB.afewC.few()17.Whoteaches___French?A.weB.ourC.us

()18.Theboyswerealltired,but___ofthemstoppedtohavearest.A.anyB.someC.none

()19.Sorry,Ican‘tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthenews.A.alittleB.littleC.few

()20.—Hello,Bill!Help____toacake.

—Thanks.

A.yourB.yourselfC.yourselves

四、數(shù)詞

數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。用于表示事物數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞，表示事物順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。

1.基數(shù)詞(1000以內(nèi)的基數(shù)詞的讀法)365—threehundredandsixty-five505—fivehundredandfive2.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：

基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾要加th。一二三，特別記；詞尾分別tdd。八去t，九去e；ve則以f替。ty則變作ti;后面還有一個(gè)e。要是遇到幾十幾；只將個(gè)位變成序。eg.one—firsttwo—secondthree—thirdeight—eighthnine—ninthtwelve—twelfthtwenty—twentiethtwenty-one–-twenty-first3.數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用：A、時(shí)刻表達(dá)法：

a.整點(diǎn)：基數(shù)詞+o‘clock

eg.It‘seighto‘clocknow.b.幾點(diǎn)幾分：

1．直接表達(dá)法：先小時(shí)后分eg.3:25threetwenty-five2.間接表達(dá)法：先分后小時(shí)

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1)(30分鐘)用to：(60-分鐘數(shù))to(小時(shí)數(shù)+1)eg.3:35twenty-five(minutes)tofour3)30分鐘=half15分鐘=aquartereg.3:30threethirty=halfpastthree

3:15threefifteen=aquarterpastthree.3:45threeforty-five=aquartertofour

B、日期表達(dá)法：月日，年（或日月年）1949年10月1日:

October1st,nineteenforty-nine

=thefirstofOctober,nineteenforty-nine2000年:theyeartwothousand

=twentyhundred

2023年:twentyoone

3月1日:Marchthefirst=thefirstofMarchC、表編號(hào)：

第207房間：Room207

第五課：Lesson5=thefifthlesson

D、序數(shù)詞與不定冠詞(a;an)連用表“又一；再一〞eg.You‘vedoneitthreetimes.Whynottryafourthtime?E、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)：分子（基數(shù)）、分母（序數(shù)）eg.onethird三分之一twothirds三分之二注意：1.分子超過(guò)1時(shí)，分母加s

2.含分?jǐn)?shù)的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)由分?jǐn)?shù)后的詞決定謂語(yǔ)eg.1)Onethirdofthestudentsaregirls.2)Onethirdofthemilkismine.

3.分?jǐn)?shù)的特別形式1)onethird=athird2)onefourth=aquarter

threefourths=threequarters3)onesecond=ahalf

F、一些數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)+of表約數(shù)：hundredsof;thousandsof;millionsof

練習(xí)

()1.Ifyougooutatnight,you‘llbeabletosee____starts.A.thousandsofB.thousandofC.ninethousandsofD.thousands()2.Mondayis___dayoftheweek.A.firstB.thefirstC.thesecondD.second

()3.You‘vedoneittwice.Whynottry____time?A.thirdB.thethirdC.athirdD.once()4.Whichisthe____month?It‘sSeptember.

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A.nineB.ninethC.ninthD.ninety()5.Decemberis___oftheyear.

A.thetwelfthmonthsB.thetwelfthmonthC.thetwelvethmonthsD.twelvemonths

()6.Thereare___floorsinthebuildingandhelivesonthe____floor.A.eighteen,fifteenB.eighteenth,fifteenthC.eighteen,fiveteenD.eighteen,fifteenth()7.Iwasborn___,1982.

A.onJune2rdB.inJune2ndC.onJunetwoD.onJune2

()8.It‘s____fromourhometothezoo.A.twoandahalfhours‘walkB.ahalfandtwohourswalk

C.twohoursandahalfhour‘swalkD.twoandahalfhour‘swalk

()9.Whattimeisitnow?It‘s___tosix.A.quarterB.aquarterC.quartoC.aquarto()10.Willyoubebackin____?

A.oneortwominutesB.oneminuteortwoC.twominutesoroneD.twooroneminute()11.Mary‘sunclewenttoFrance____.A.inhisthirtiesB.onhisthirtiesC.athisthirtiesD.abouthisthirties()12.Theheadmasterwrotea___report.A.twothousandwordsB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousandwordsD.two-thousand-word

()13.____oftheapplesinthefruitbowlaresoftandsweet.A.Two-thirdB.Second-thirdC.Two-thirdsD.Second-thirds

()14.Wehavelearnedabout____thesedays.A.severalhundredsEnglishwordsB.hundredsofEnglishwordsC.hundredofEnglishwordsD.severalhundredEnglishword

()15.AUNreportsaysthatthewordpopulationwillpasssixbillionbytheendof____century.A.twentiethB.twenty

C.thetwentiethD.thetwentyth

五、介詞

1.in;on;at用在時(shí)間詞前，表“在〞1)at+具體時(shí)刻

2)on+具體某天（具體某天的上、下午等；星期詞；以及上、下午詞前有修飾詞時(shí)）3)in+年、月、季節(jié)及一天中的某部分但注意：atnight=inthenightatnoonatthis/thattimeatChristmas

eg.1.___themorning2.___Mondaymorning

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A.toreadB.readC.reading()13.Heisstilllookingforahouse____.A.toliveB.toliveinC.toliveinit

()14.Iheardher___whenIpassedherroomjustnow.A.singB.singingC.tosing()15.—MayIgowithyou?

No,you______.

A.maynotB.cannotC.mustn‘t()16.Therearesome____intheriver.A.airB.fishC.water.

()17.Sheep__whiteandmilk___white,too.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;is

()18.Theclass___goingtoseeafilmthisafternoon.A.amB.isC.are()19.Jim‘sshoes____underthebed.A.areB.isC.was

()20.Threeyears____quitealongtime.A.isB.areC.were

()21.Theclothesaremine.Yours____underthebed.A.isB.areC.were

()22.There___alotofnewsintoday‘snewspaper.A.isB.areC.were

()23.--CanyouanswerthisquestioninEnglish?No,I_____.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.maynotD.can't

()24.Theteacherwantedus_____Exercise1,butyouletme______Exercise2.A.todo,doB.todo,todoC.do,todoD.do,do

()25.MissGreensawawallet______onthegroundwhenshewalkedpasttheschoolgate.A.lieB.lyingC.liesD.tolie

()26.Whathaveyoudone_____themilk?I'vejust_____it.A.with,eatenB.for,eatenC.with,drunkD.for,drunk

()27.Theradio_______itwillgetwarmerlater.A.saysB.speaksC.talksD.tells

()28.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot_____arest?A.stophavingB.stoptohaveC.tostophavingD.tostoptohave

()29.LiPingisyoung,buthe_____manyplacesofinterestinSouthChina.A.wenttoB.hasbeeninC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento()30.Mothertoldme_____inthesun.A.notreadB.don'treadC.readnotD.nottoread

()31.Doyouoftenseeher______volleyballontheplayground?A.playB.playedC.playsD.toplay

()32.Alicedidn'thearwhattheteachersaidjustnow,soshedoesn'tknowhow_______theproblem.A.doB.didC.todoD.doing

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()33.Whenthelittleboy____someonecomingupstairs,hestopped_____.A.heard…cryingB.listened…tocryC.heard…tocryD.listened…cry

()34.I______myrulerathome.CanIuseyours,please?A.forgotB.haveforgottenC.leftD.haveleft

()34.Jim_____thegoodnewstohisclassmatesthismorning.A.spokeB.toldC.saidD.talked

十、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主動(dòng)句).

Aknifeisusedforcutting(被動(dòng)句)。一、構(gòu)成：be+過(guò)去分詞

eg.1)Theworkisfinishedbyhim.

2)ChineseisspokenbypeopleinChina.二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞eg.EnglishisspokenbyEnglishmen.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞eg.ThemachinesweremadeinChina.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí):will/shall/begoingtobe+過(guò)去分詞

eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschoolnextweek.4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeen+過(guò)去分詞eg.Theworkhasbeendonebythem.5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/arebeing+過(guò)去分詞。eg.Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinourvillage.6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/werebeing+過(guò)去分詞eg.MyTVsetwasbeingmendedatthattime.綜上所述：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)只涉及be動(dòng)詞的變化（即：be動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)）另外注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞eg.Hemaybesentawayfromschool.2.帶動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)eg.Mybikeneedstobemended.

3.在使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，如需要指出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，應(yīng)用“by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(賓格)〞eg.HewascalledMikebyus

4.不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（takeplace/happen;last;rise;sink;fall等）

eg.Theaccidentwashappenedtwodaysago(改錯(cuò))_________5.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是省to不定式時(shí)，在改作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之后，應(yīng)將省去的to還原。eg.Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hours.→Theworkersweremadetowork12hours.

6.注意短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完整性（即：主動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若由v+prep/adv構(gòu)成，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不能將這些介詞、副詞遺漏。

eg.Wemusttakecareofthebaby.

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→Thebabymustbetakencareof.

練習(xí)題

()1.Thisfactoryhasbeen____fortwoyearsA.openB.toopenC.openingD.opened

()2.Thelightintheroom___beforeyouleave.A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.areturnedoffD.mustbeturnedoff()3.Theyoungtrees____plantedinspring.A.mustB.haveC.mustbeD.mustare

()4.Chinese____byMissWangthreeyearsago.A.wastaughtB.istaughtC.wasteachedD.wereteach()5.Youngtrees___quiteoften.

A.shouldwaterB.shouldbewater

C.shouldbewateredD.shouldhavewatered()6.English___bymanypeopleintheworldA.speaksB.speakC.arespokenD.isspoken()7.Theoldpeople___wellinourcountry.A.islookedafterB.arelookedafterC.looksafterD.lookfor

()8.Aliceisill.She____tohospitalatonce.A.issentB.mustbesentC.cansendD.mustsend()9.Thefactory____in1958.A.wasbuiltB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.built

()10.Ourteachertoldusthattheclassroom_____everyday.A.shouldbecleanedB.shouldcleanedC.shallbecleanedD.mustcleaned()11.Football____allovertheworld.A.playsB.isplayingC.hasplayedD.isplayed()12.____silk____inSuzhou?A.Is,producedB.Are,producedC.Does,produceD.Was,produce

()13.Muchmoney____spentonbookseveryyear.A.haveB.has()14.Thestudentswasmade______thequestionsbytheteacher.A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answered()15.Thesun____whenwegotthere.A.wasrisenB.hasbeenrisenC.hadrisenD.isrising

()16.ThePeople‘sLiberationArmywas____August1,1927.A.foundinB.foundonC.foundedonD.foundedin

()17.Theorangesshouldbewell___duringthewinter.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep()18.Manyofthesheep___bythewolf狼).

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C.areD.is

A.waskilledB.arekilledC.arekillingD.werekilled

()19.Taperecorders____inourEnglishclassA.shoulduseB.usedC.canbeusedD.areusing()20.____English____inCanada?A.Do,spokenB.Is,spokenC.Are,spokenD.Does,speak

()21.He____nottoleavewasterpapereverywhere.A.tellsB.toldC.wastoldD.hastold

()22.Who____―TheFamily‖,―Spring‖and―Autumn‖______?A.was,writtenB.were,writtenC.were,writtenbyD.are.Writtenby()23.Lookatthebuilding!It____now.A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuildingD.hasbuilt()24.Halfofthework____beforesix.A.canbedoneB.willdoC.weredone()25.We____stampsforsendingletters.A.areusedB.useC.used

()26.TheGreatGreenWall(綠色長(zhǎng)城)___inNorthChina.A.arebuiltB.canbebuildC.wasbuilt()27.___thefarm____bythestudents?A.was,visitedB.Is,visitC.Must,visit

()28.Thewoman____bypeopleinthewaitingroom.A.waslaughedB.waslaughedatC.laughedat

()29.What____there?

A.happenedB.ishappenedC.mustbehappened

()30.Hewasmade______fortwelvehours.

A.toworkB.workC.worked

十一、狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：由when,while,before,after,since,assoonas,till/until引導(dǎo)的從句1）when與while

“短命〞動(dòng)詞?when??“長(zhǎng)命〞動(dòng)詞?while?eg.1)I‘lltellherthegoodnews_____hecomesback.

2)AuntWangcameinwhilewewerewatchingTV

“短命〞動(dòng)詞的否定式?until:直到??才?2)?“長(zhǎng)命〞動(dòng)詞的確定式?until:到??為止?3)since:自從??以來(lái)(since從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí))

注意主句尋常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但當(dāng)主句表示一種狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

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eg.1)HehaslivedtheresincehecametoChina2)Itistwoyearssincehermotherdied.（二）條件狀語(yǔ)從句：由if(假使)引導(dǎo)的從句

eg.Iwillgototheparkifit________(notrain)tomorrow.注意：條件狀語(yǔ)從句與以下句型的轉(zhuǎn)換1）祈使句，and(then,or)+簡(jiǎn)單句=Ifyou…,you…

eg.1)Useyourhead,thenyou‘llfindaway.=Ifyouuseyourhead,you‘llfindaway2)Hurryup,oryou‘llbelate.=Ifyoudon‘thurry,you‘llbelate.2)without與條件句的轉(zhuǎn)化

eg.Mancan‘tlivewithoutwater.=Mancan‘tliveifthereisnowater.

注意以上兩種狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)主句1）一般將來(lái)時(shí)2）祈使句3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)間、條件句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)但since從句例外，應(yīng)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。

eg.1)I‘llcallyouassoonashe______(come)back.

2)Hewon‘tgotobeduntilhe_________(finish)hishomework.3)I‘llhelpyouifI_____(be)freetomorrow

4)I___________(live)heresinceIcametoChina.

（三）原因狀語(yǔ)從句：由because,since,for,as引導(dǎo)的從句eg.Hedidn‘tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.注意：1)對(duì)because引導(dǎo)的從句提問(wèn)用why2)由于(because),所以(so)不能連用

eg.Becausehewas(A)ill,so(B)hedidn’t(C)gotoschool(D)yesterday.________

（四）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：由so…that引導(dǎo)的從句（so后接形、副原級(jí)）

eg.Heran(A)sofaster(B)thatIcouldn‘tcatchupwith(C)him.________注意：1)“so…that+否定句〞與“too…to〞的替換eg.1)Heissoyoungthathecan‘tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool(主、從句主語(yǔ)一致)2)Heransofastthatwecouldn‘tcatchupwithhim.=Herantoofastforustocatchupwith.(主、從句主語(yǔ)不同)3)TheboxissoheavythatIcan‘tcarryit

=Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.(注意carry后省去賓語(yǔ)it)

2）“so…that+從句〞與“enoughto〞的替換eg.1)He‘ssostrongthathecancarrythebox.=He‘sstrongenoughtocarrythebox.

2)ThequestionissoeasythatIcananswerit

=Thequestioniseasyenoughformetoanswer

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2.關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可放在介詞后。但當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞是that時(shí)，則不能放在介詞后。eg.ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived

=ThisisthehousewhichLuXunoncelivedin.=ThisisthehousethatLuXunoncelivedin

二、如何選用引導(dǎo)詞：一般狀況引導(dǎo)詞的選用是受先行詞決定的——先行詞是人時(shí)用that,who,whom,whose;先行詞是物時(shí)用that,which;先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)時(shí)用when,where.eg.1)Theboywho/thatisstandingunderthetreeisJim.站在樹下的那個(gè)男孩時(shí)Jim.2)Doyouknowthegirlwhosemotherisadriver?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)媽媽是司機(jī)的女孩嗎？3)Haveyoubeentothefactorywhereyourfatherworks?你去過(guò)你爸爸工作的工廠嗎？但注意區(qū)別who/that(指人)；which/that(指物)1.修飾人只用who的狀況：

a.先行詞是one,ones,anyone,those時(shí)。b.therebe句型中修飾名詞時(shí)。c.先行詞后有一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)。

eg.1)Anyonewhohasn’thandedinhishome-workshouldstayafterschool.沒(méi)交作業(yè)的任何人放學(xué)后都要留下。

2)Thereis