2019屆高三英語(yǔ)第二次模擬考試試題

2019屆高三英語(yǔ)第二次模擬考試試題

2019.4

本試卷10頁(yè),滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和和第卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷

前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在

答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置

上。用2B鉛筆在“考生號(hào)”處填涂考生號(hào)信息點(diǎn)，修改時(shí)須用橡

皮擦干凈。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，第I卷從第二部分的“閱讀理解”開(kāi)

始,試題題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。

2.作答第I卷時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)

題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后,再

選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。

3.第卷必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答

題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的

答案,然后再寫(xiě)上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液不按以上要求

作答無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將試卷和答題卡一

并并交回。

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選

出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThecountryisIndia.Alargedinnerpartyisbeinggiveninan

up-

countrystationbyacolonialofficialandhiswife.Theguestsar

earmyandgovernmentofficersandtheirwives,andanAmeri

cannaturalist.

Atonesideofthelongtable,aspiriteddiscussionspringsup

betweenayounggirlandanarmyofficer.Thegirlinsistswom

enhavelongoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-

a-

mouseera,andthattheyarenotasanxiousastheirgrandmot

herswere.Theofficersaystheyare,arguingwomenhaven'tt

heactualnervecontrolofmen.

“Awoman'sreactioninanycrisis,"theofficersays,“istoscrea

m.Andwhileamanmayfeellikeit,hehasthatouncemoreof

controlthanawomanhas."

TheAmericanscientistdoesnotjoininth

eargumentbutsitsandwatchesthefacesoftheotherguests.

Ashestares,heseesaslight,thoughstrangelookofanxiety

comeoverthefaceofthehostess.Withasmallgestureshes

umm

onstheservantstandingbehindherchair.Shewhisperstohi

m.Theservant'seyeswiden.Heturnsquicklyandleavesthe

room.Nooneelseseesthis,northeservantwhenheputsab

owlofmilkonthebalconyoutsidetheglassdoors.

TheAmericanunderstands.InIndia,milkinabowlmeansonl

yonething.Itisbaitforasnake.Herealizesthereisacobrai

ntheroom.TheAmerican'seyesmoveacrosstheroombuth

eseesnothing.Herealizesthesnakecanonlybeinoneplac

e-underthetable.

Hisfirstreactionistojumpbackandwarntheothers.Buthek

nowsanysuddenmovementwillfrightenthecobraanditwills

trike.Hespeaksquickly,thequalityofhisvoicesoarrestingth

atitquietenseveryone.“Iwanttoknowjustwhatcontrolevery

oneatthistablehas.Iwillcountthreehundred-that'sfivemin

utes-andnotoneofyouistomoveasinglemuscle.Now!Re

ady!"

The20peoplesitlikestoneimageswhilehecounts.Heissa

ying..o..hundredandeighty.."when,outofthecornerofhise

ye,heseesthesnakeemergeandmakeforthebowlofmilk.

Fourorfivescreamsringoutashejumpstoslamshutthebal

conydoors.

“Thereisyourproof!"thehostsays.“Amanhasjustshownus

realcontrol."

“Justaminute,"theAmericansays,turningtohishostess,“Ho

wdidyouknowthatcobrawasintheroom?"

Afaintsmilecomesacrossthewoman'sfaceasshereplies.“

Becauseitwaslyingacrossmyfoot.""

Whatistheargumentbetweenthearmyofficerandtheyoung

girlabout?

A.Whetherwomenareafraidofmice.

B.Whethermenarecalmerthanwomen.

C.Whethermenareclevererthanwomen.

D.Whetherwomenwouldmakesuitablesoldiers.

22.Whyistheservantaskedtoputoutsomemilk?

A.Toplayatrick.

B.Toservetheguests.

C.Toattractthesnake.

D.Tofeedthehostess'spet.

23.Whydoesthescientistsuggesttheguestsplayagame?

A.Hedoesn'twantanyonetopanic.

B.Heintendstotesttheofficer'stheory.

C.Heseestherewasasnakeintheroom.

D.Hewantstoentertaintheotherguests.

24.Whatdoestheauthorimplythroughthehostess'sfinalsta

tement?

A.Thearmyofficer'sopinioniswrong.

B.ThehostessunderstoodtheAmerican'sintention.

C.TheAmericanwassurprisedbythesnake'spresence.

D.Thehostesshashadpreviousexperiencedealingwithsna

kes.

B

25.Whatcausedmusicalstomoveinanewdirectionduringt

he1930's?

A.Thedevelopmentofnewmusicalinstruments.

B.Theaudiencesdemandformorerealisticartforms.

C.Therisingpopularityofothertypesofentertainment.

D.Thegreateracceptanceofblackperformersbywhiteaudie

nces.

26.Inwhichperioddidmusicaltheatrebecomemorecomplex

anddramatic?

A.Pre-1900.B.1900-1929.

C.1940-1949.D.1950-1959.

27.WhatcanbereasonablyinferredaboutthemusicalWest

SideStory?

A.Ittolditsstoryinanewway.

B.Itwasbasedonatruestory.

C.Itwasanon-Broadwayshow.

D.Itwasnotverysuccessfulatfirst.

C

In1874FrancisGalton,aBritishprofessor,analysedasampl

eofEnglishscientistsandfoundthevastmajoritytobefirst-

bornsons.Thisledhimtotheorisethatfirst-

bornchildrenenjoyedaspeciallevelofattentionfromtheirpar

entsthatallowedthemtoadvanceintellctually.Halfacenturyl

aterAlfredAdler,anAustrianpsychologist,madeasimilararg

umentrelatingtopersonality.First-

bornchildren,hesuggested,weremorediligent,whilethelate

r-

bornweremoreoutgoingandemotionallystable.Manysubse

quentstudieshaveexploredtheseideas,buttheirfindingsha

vebeenvaried-somesupportingandsomerejectingtheorigi

nalconclusions.

Themainproblemwiththepreviousstudiesisthattheyweret

oosmall-oftenlimitedtoafewdozenindividuals.Thiswould

betrueevenifthestatisticalmethodsneededtoanalysethed

ataweresimple,buttheyarenot.Distinguishingbirth-

ordereffectsfromthosecausedbyfamilysizecomplicatesma

tters,meaningstillbiggersamplesmustbeanalysedtoobtain

meaningfulresults.

Toovercomethelimitationoftheseearlierstudies,Germans

ocialscientistDr.HelmetSchmukleandhiscolleaguesanalys

edthreehugesetsofdatafromAmerica,BritainandGerman

y.Thesedatasets,thoughcollectedforotherpurposes,includ

edpersonalityandintelligencetestson20,186peopleatdiffer

entstagesoftheirlives.TheAmericantestswereonindividua

lsagedbetween29and35.TheBritishtestswereco

nductedon50-year-

olds.TheGermantestsranthewholespanofadultlife,from1

8to98.

Birthorder,theyfound,hadnoeffectonpersonality:first-

bornswerenomore,norless,likelythantheiryoungersiblings

tobehardworking,outgoingoranxious.Butitdidaffectintelli

gence.Inafamilywithtwochildren,thefirstchildwasmorein

telligentthanthesecond60%ofthetime,ratherthanthe50%

thatwouldbeexpectedbychance.Onaverage,thistranslated

toadifferenceof1.5IQpointsbetweenfirstandsecondsibli

ngs.Thatfigureagreeswithpreviousstudies,andthuslooksc

onfirmed.

Itis,nevertheless,quiteasmalldifference-andwhetheritis

enoughtoaccountforGalton'soriginalobservationisunclear.

Inanyevent,itiscertainlynotdeterministic.Galtonwastheyo

ungestofnine.

28.AlfredAdlerconcludedthatfirst-bornchildrenwere.

A.morestable

B.moresociable

C.moreintelligent

D.morehardworking

29.Whatdoestheunderlined“they"inparagraph2referto?

A.Thedata.

B.Theanalyses.

C.Thepreviousstudies.

D.Thestatisticalmethods.

30.WhywasSchmukle'sstudyconsideredsuperiortopreviou

sresearch?

A.Itinvolvedawideragerange.

B.Ithadamuchlargersamplesize.

C.Itincludedalargernumberofcountries.

D.Itwasconductedoveralongerperiodoftime.

31.WhydoestheauthormentionGalton'sfamilybackground

inthelastparagraph?

A.ToconfirmGalton'sdifficultupbringing.

B.TosuggestGalton'stheorymaynotbecorrect.

C.TocomparehisexperiencewithGalton'sparents.

D.ToexplainwhyGaltonwasinterestedinbirthorder.

D

Photographyhasopenedoureyestoamultitudeofbeauties,

thingsweliterallycouldnothaveseenbeforetheinventionoft

hefrozenimage.Ithasgreatlyexpandedournotionofwhatis

beautiful,whatisaesthetically(審美

上)pleasing.Itemsformerlyconsideredtrivial,andnotwortha

nartist'spaint,havebeenrevealedandhonoredbythephoto

graph:thingsasordinaryasafencepost,achair,avegetable.

Andastechnologyhasdeveloped,photographershaveexplo

redcompletelynewpointsofview:thoseofthemicroscope,th

eeagle,thecosmos.

Whatisitthatdelightsthehumaneyeandallowsustoclaimt

hataphotographisbeautiful?Photographydependsonthetri

nityoflight,composition,andmoment.Lightliterallymakesth

erecordingofanimagepossible,butintherighthands,lighti

naphotographcanmaketheimagesoar.Thesameistruewi

thcomposition.Whatthephotographerchoosestokeepinor

outoftheframeisallthatwewilleversee-butthatcombinati

onisvital.Andthemomentthattheshutterispressed,whena

ninstantisfrozenintime,providesthewholeimagewithmea

ning.Whenthethree-light,composition,andmoment-arein

balance,thereisvisualmagic.

Light,composition,andmomentcometogetherinaphotogra

phtobringustheultimatereality:aviewoftheworldunknown

priortotheinventionofthecamera.Beforephotography,the

basicartisticrulesofpaintingwererarelybroken.Imageswer

emadetoplease,nottocapturereality.Butasphotographye

volved,painterlyruleswereoftenreactedinthepursuitoffres

hvision.Photographersbecameinterestedintherealworld,g

oodandbad,anditwastheaccidentaldetailthatwascelebrat

ed.Photographyinvitedtheworldtoseewithneweyes-tose

ephotographically-andalloftheartshavedrawnnewinspirat

ionfromthischange.

Withthesebasicaesthetictools,photographershaveevolved

fromscientistslongingto“fix"animage-anyimage-toartistic

revolutionaries.Photographshavecreatedanewwayofseei

ng,changedourideasofbeautyand,mostimportantly,made

artmoredemocratic.Theyhavegivenus

visualproofthattheworldisgranderthanweimagined,andt

hatthereisbeauty,oftenoverlooked,

innearlyeverything.

32.Beforetheinventionofphotography,whichofthefollowin

gwasleastlikelytoappearinan

artisticwork?

A.Agreatperson.

B.Alovelyinsect.

C.Agrandbuilding.

D.Abeautifullandscape.

33.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?

A.Toarguethatphotographicbeautyissubjective.

B.Toexplaintheevolutionoftheconceptofbeauty.

C.Todescribetheelementsthatmakeasuccessfulphoto.

D.Toillustratedifferenttypesofphotographictechniques.

34.Howhasphotographyaffectedotherartforms?

A.Ithasreducedtheirpopularity.

B.Ithasforcedthemtochangetheirrules.

C.Ithaschangedtheirmethodsofcomposition.

D.Ithasprovidedthemwithnewpointsofview.

35.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingphotographyhas“m

adeartmoredemocratic"?

A.Ithasexpandedtheconceptofartisticbeauty.

B.Ithaschallengedthestatusoftraditionalartforms.

C.Ithasenabledthedevelopmentofnewartistictools.

D.Ithasallowedmorepeopletotakepartincreativeactivities

.

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

Whatisculture?

Cultureistoocomplextodefineinsimpleterms.___36__One

isthatcultureisatotalpatternofbehaviourthatisconsistenti

nitscomponents.Anotherfundamentalisthatcultureislearn

edbehaviour.Thethirdisthatcultureisbehaviourthatisshar

edbyagroupofpeople.

Tounderstandthecultureofaparticularcountryorregion,on

ecouldexamineitscomponents,amongwhicharematerialcu

lture,language,andsocialorganisation.Materialcultureinclu

desthetoolsandsymbolsinasociety,notincludingthosephy

sicalthingsfoundinnature,unlesstheyhaveundergonesome

changeorhavebeengivenmeaningbypeople.___37__The

wayweconsumeandw

hatweconsumeareheavilyinfluencedbymaterialculture.

__38____Linkedwithallotheraspectsofculture,itreflectsth

enatureandvaluesofthatculture.Industrialisedsocietieshav

earichvocabular

yforcommercialandindustrialactivities,whilelessindustrialis

edsocietiesmayhaverichervocabulariesformattersimporta

nttotheirsocieties.TheEskimosinAlaskahavemanywordst

odescribesnowwhereasEnglishhasonlyonegeneralterm.

Socialorganisationdifferssomewhatfromsocietytosociety.

Theprimarykindofcommunityassociationisbasedonbloodt

ies.___39__.Itprovidesmutualprotection,psychologicalsup

port,andakindofeconomicinsuranceorsocialsecurityforits

members.Theterm"brothers"inZaireincludesthosewhom

wecallcousinsanduncles.

Culturalanalysisservesavarietyofpurposes.Understanding

thevariousdimensionsandtheir

inter-relatednesshelpspromotecross-

culturalawareness.___40__

A.Somescholarsevensuggestthatitisuselesstotry.

B.Languageisthemostobviousdifferencebetweencultures.

C.However,therearecertainagreed-onfundamentalsthatc

anbeeasilyidentified.

D

.Thevaluesrepresentedwithinaculturecanalsochangewit

hthepassingoftime.

E.Forexample,amouserunningonastreetisnotpartofac

ulture,buttheMickeyMouseis.

F.Inmanydevelopingcountries,theextendedfamilyfulfillss

everalsocialandeconomicroles.

G.Itleadsontothepromotionofgoodwill,socialandeconom

icplanningandharmonybetweensocialgroupingsorsocietie

s.

第三部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)

第一節(jié)(共20小題:每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)

中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂

黑。

AlwayswishedtheEarthhadasecondmoon?Thenyouwillb

e__

41__tohearthattheChengduAerospaceScienceInstituteh

asplanstolaunchmultipleminimoonsoverthenextfewyear

s.

Similartoour__42__satellite,thelightoftheartificialorb(球

體)willbeobtainedfromthesunand_43__toEarthbyitsmirr

or-

likecoating.Accordingtoitsdesigners,the_44__oflightbein

greflectedcanbecontrolledfromEarthandthelightcaneven

be_45__,ifnecessary.

Whilethemultipleminimoonswillcertainlyappearpicturesqu

e,theirmainpurposeistoconserve__46__TheChengduAer

ospaceexpertsclaimtheminimoon'sdusk-

likeglowwillallowthegovernmenttoeventually_47__costlys

treetlightsincities.Theyestimatethatusingtheartificialsatelli

tetolightupChengdu'sstreetsatnightwill_48__thecity1.2

billionyuananally.Sincetheorb'slocationcanbe_49__move

d,itcouldalsobeusedtoshinelightoverdisaster-

struckareasthathavelost_50___

Oncethefirstminimoonis_51__successfully,theexpertspla

ntolaunchthree_52__ones.Together,thesatellites,whichwil

ltaketurnsdependingontheir__53__inrelationtothesun,a

reexpectedto_54__anareaof3,600to6,400squarekilomete

rs.Whiletheorbswillbe_55___throughatelescopefromany

whereontheglobe,theirrealbeautywillonlybeseenbyvisiti

ngChengdu.Officials,_56__,believetheywillbeahugetouri

stattraction,helpingimprovethecity's__57__.

Asisoftenthecasewithmajor_58__,someexpertsarecon

cerned.They_59__thatthe

moonswillimpactonthesleeppatternsofhumansandanima

ls.However,officialsbelievethe

satelliteswillcauselittle,ifany,_60__.

A.pleasedB.surprisedC.alarmedD.relieved

42.B.uniqueC.naturalD.famous

A.traditional

43.A.carriedB.reflectedC.introducedD.transformed

44.A.colourB.speedC.sourceD.amount

45.A.sentoutB.switchedoffC.givenawayD.turneddown

46.A.resourceB.animalsC.farmlandD.space

s

A.rebuildB.expandC.improveD.remove

48.A.bringB.leaveC.saveD.cost

49.A.hardlyB.easilyC.frequentlyD.normally

50.A.moneyB.homeC.contactD.power

51.A.travellinB.appearingC.workingD.signaling

g

52.A.additionB.specialC.brightD.colourful

al

53.A.sizeB.importanceC.positionD.function

A.pickupB.takeupC.holdupD.lightup

A.reliableB.visibleC.availableD.testable

A.thereforeB.howeverC.otherwiseD.moreover

A.populationB.educationC.evolutionD.conflict

A.drawbackB.breakthrougC.technologyD.economy

hs

59.A.doubtB.concludeC.worryD.agree

60.A.disturbaB.destructionC.satisfactionD.discussion

nce

第二節(jié)(共10小題:每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞

的正確形式。

AgrapeseedthatfallsintothesoilofXinjiangisveryfortunat

e,asXinjiangis61_______(well)suitedforgrowinggrapestha

nanywhereelse.Here,agrapeseedcangrowtoitsfullpoten

tial._62_______itshighaltitudes(海

拔),longperiodsofdryweatherandabundantsunshine,Xinji

angproducesfruitswithextremelyhighsugarcontent.Everyf

all,alargenumberofgrapes_63_______(ship)fromXinjiangt

ootherpartsofChina,andtherestaremadeintoraisinsfore

asystorage.

InthevineyardsofMoyu,thankstothehotanddryclimateth

at_64_______(result)frombeingsurroundedbythedesert,h

ugequantitiesoflargeand_65_______(juice)grapeswithve

rythinskinsareproduced.Thesegrapesbringwealthaswell

astheirdelicious_66(sweet)tothelocals.

Inmid-September,_67______theirSeedlessWhitegrapesri

pen,localfarmersarebusypickinggrapestobetransportedto

otherpartsofthecountry.Bunchesofglowingwhitegrapesh

angonthevines,waitingtobepicked.Ifyoupickoneandput

_68_______inyourmouth,youwill_69_______(sure)neverfo

rgetthewonderfultasteproducedbythe_70_______(burm)

sunandthedesertwindofsouthernXinjiang.

第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)

第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分)

假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌

寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共

有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單

詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(^),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分

Itwasastillandquietmorningonthelake.Therewasnohum

anvoicesorcarstobreakthesilent.Itwasaperfectdayforfis

hing.

Wesatatthere,afraidtotalk,thinkingfishwouldhearusand

flee.Myfather,holdourlunchbeginonehand,passedmeas

andwich.Itwasterriblehotandcloudsofmosquitowerefeast

ingonmyblood.Withmylegscoveringwithbitemarks,Icom

plained,“Whenwillthefishcome?"

SuddenlyIfeltafishbite.Myfatherbecamesoexcitedas1w

as,andtogetherwepulledinthefishthatwouldbepartofus

dinnerthatnight.

第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分25分)

假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Alethea將到中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，她

來(lái)信請(qǐng)你幫忙給她起-一個(gè)合適的中文名字。請(qǐng)你給她寫(xiě)-封回

信，提出建議并說(shuō)明理由。

Alethea[sli:0ia]的含義是:真實(shí);誠(chéng)實(shí)。

1詞數(shù)100左右。

可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。

2019屆高三英語(yǔ)第二次模擬考試試題

2019.4

本試卷10頁(yè),滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和和第卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生

號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。用

2B鉛筆在“考生號(hào)”處填涂考生號(hào)信息點(diǎn)，修改時(shí)須用橡皮擦干凈。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，第I卷從

第二部分的“閱讀理解”開(kāi)始,試題題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。

2.作答第I卷時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如

需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。

3.第卷必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置

上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案,然后再寫(xiě)上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液不按以上要求

作答無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將試卷和答題卡一并并交回。

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThecountryisIndia.Alargedinnerpartyisbeinggiveninanup-

countrystationbyacolonialofficialandhiswife.Theguestsarearmyandgovernmentofficer

sandtheirwives,andanAmericannaturalist.

Atonesideofthelongtable,aspiriteddiscussionspringsupbetweenayounggirlandanar

myofficer.Thegirlinsistswomenhavelongoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-

a-

mouseera,andthattheyarenotasanxiousastheirgrandmotherswere.Theofficersaysthe

yare,arguingwomenhaven'ttheactualnervecontrolofmen.

“Awoman'sreactioninanycrisis,"theofficersays,“istoscream.Andwhileamanmayfeellik

eit,hehasthatouncemoreofcontrolthanawomanhas."

TheAmericanscientistdoesnotjoininth

eargumentbutsitsandwatchesthefacesoftheotherguests.Ashestares,heseesaslight,

thoughstrangelookofanxietycomeoverthefaceofthehostess.Withasmallgestureshesu

mm

onstheservantstandingbehindherchair.Shewhisperstohim.Theservant'seyeswiden.H

eturnsquicklyandleavestheroom.Nooneelseseesthis,northeservantwhenheputsab

owlofmilkonthebalconyoutsidetheglassdoors.

TheAmericanunderstands.InIndia,milkinabowlmeansonlyonething.Itisbaitforasnake

.Herealizesthereisacobraintheroom.TheAmerican'seyesmoveacrosstheroombuthe

seesnothing.Herealizesthesnakecanonlybeinoneplace-underthetable.

Hisfirstreactionistojumpbackandwarntheothers.Butheknowsanysuddenmovementwi

llfrightenthecobraanditwillstrike.Hespeaksquickly,thequalityofhisvoicesoarrestingth

atitquietenseveryone.“Iwanttoknowjustwhatcontroleveryoneatthistablehas.Iwillcoun

tthreehundred-that'sfiveminutes-andnotoneofyouistomoveasinglemuscle.Now!Re

ady!"

The20peoplesitlikestoneimageswhilehecounts.Heissaying..o..hundredandeighty.."

when,outofthecornerofhiseye,heseesthesnakeemergeandmakeforthebowlofmilk.

Fourorfivescreamsringoutashejumpstoslamshutthebalconydoors.

“Thereisyourproof!"thehostsays.“Amanhasjustshownusrealcontrol."

“Justaminute,"theAmericansays,turningtohishostess,“Howdidyouknowthatcobrawasi

ntheroom?"

Afaintsmilecomesacrossthewoman'sfaceasshereplies.“Becauseitwaslyingacrossmy

foot.""

Whatistheargumentbetweenthearmyofficerandtheyounggirlabout?

A.Whetherwomenareafraidofmice.

B.Whethermenarecalmerthanwomen.

C.Whethermenareclevererthanwomen.

D.Whetherwomenwouldmakesuitablesoldiers.

22.Whyistheservantaskedtoputoutsomemilk?

A.Toplayatrick.

B.Toservetheguests.

C.Toattractthesnake.

D.Tofeedthehostess'spet.

23.Whydoesthescientistsuggesttheguestsplayagame?

A.Hedoesn'twantanyonetopanic.

B.Heintendstotesttheofficer'stheory.

C.Heseestherewasasnakeintheroom.

D.Hewantstoentertaintheotherguests.

24.Whatdoestheauthorimplythroughthehostess'sfinalstatement?

A.Thearmyofficer'sopinioniswrong.

B.ThehostessunderstoodtheAmerican'sintention.

C.TheAmericanwassurprisedbythesnake'spresence.

D.Thehostesshashadpreviousexperiencedealingwithsnakes.

B

25.Whatcausedmusicalstomoveinanewdirectionduringthe1930's?

A.Thedevelopmentofnewmusicalinstruments.

B.Theaudiencesdemandformorerealisticartforms.

C.Therisingpopularityofothertypesofentertainment.

D.Thegreateracceptanceofblackperformersbywhiteaudiences.

26.Inwhichperioddidmusicaltheatrebecomemorecomplexanddramatic?

A.Pre-1900.B.1900-1929.

C.1940-1949.D.1950-1959.

27.WhatcanbereasonablyinferredaboutthemusicalWestSideStory?

A.Ittolditsstoryinanewway.

B.Itwasbasedonatruestory.

C.Itwasanon-Broadwayshow.

D.Itwasnotverysuccessfulatfirst.

C

In1874FrancisGalton,aBritishprofessor,analysedasampleofEnglishscientistsandfoun

dthevastmajoritytobefirst-bornsons.Thisledhimtotheorisethatfirst-

bornchildrenenjoyedaspeciallevelofattentionfromtheirparentsthatallowedthemtoadva

nceintellctually.HalfacenturylaterAlfredAdler,anAustrianpsychologist,madeasimilararg

umentrelatingtopersonality.First-

bornchildren,hesuggested,weremorediligent,whilethelater-

bornweremoreoutgoingandemotionallystable.Manysubsequentstudieshaveexploredthe

seideas,buttheirfindingshavebeenvaried-somesupportingandsomerejectingtheorigin

alconclusions.

Themainproblemwiththepreviousstudiesisthattheyweretoosmall-oftenlimitedtoafew

dozenindividuals.Thiswouldbetrueevenifthestatisticalmethodsneededtoanalysethed

ataweresimple,buttheyarenot.Distinguishingbirth-

ordereffectsfromthosecausedbyfamilysizecomplicatesmatters,meaningstillbiggersamp

lesmustbeanalysedtoobtainmeaningfulresults.

Toovercomethelimitationoftheseearlierstudies,GermansocialscientistDr.HelmetSchmu

kleandhiscolleaguesanalysedthreehugesetsofdatafromAmerica,BritainandGermany.

Thesedatasets,thoughcollectedforotherpurposes,includedpersonalityandintelligencete

stson20,186peopleatdifferentstagesoftheirlives.TheAmericantestswereonindividuals

agedbetween29and35.TheBritishtestswereconductedon50-year-

olds.TheGermantestsranthewholespanofadultlife,from18to98.

Birthorder,theyfound,hadnoeffectonpersonality:first-

bornswerenomore,norless,likelythantheiryoungersiblingstobehardworking,outgoingor

anxious.Butitdidaffectintelligence.Inafamilywithtwochildren,thefirstchildwasmoreint

elligentthanthesecond60%ofthetime,ratherthanthe50%thatwouldbeexpectedbychan

ce.Onaverage,thistranslatedtoadifferenceof1.5IQpointsbetweenfirstandsecondsiblin

gs.Thatfigureagreeswithpreviousstudies,andthuslooksconfirmed.

Itis,nevertheless,quiteasmalldifference-andwhetheritisenoughtoaccountforGalton'so

riginalobservationisunclear.Inanyevent,itiscertainlynotdeterministic.Galtonwastheyou

ngestofnine.

28.AlfredAdlerconcludedthatfirst-bornchildrenwere.

A.morestable

B.moresociable

C.moreintelligent

D.morehardworking

29.Whatdoestheunderlined“they"inparagraph2referto?

A.Thedata.

B.Theanalyses.

C.Thepreviousstudies.

D.Thestatisticalmethods.

30.WhywasSchmukle'sstudyconsideredsuperiortopreviousresearch?

A.Itinvolvedawideragerange.

B.Ithadamuchlargersamplesize.

C.Itincludedalargernumberofcountries.

D.Itwasconductedoveralongerperiodoftime.

31.WhydoestheauthormentionGalton'sfamilybackgroundinthelastparagraph?

A.ToconfirmGalton'sdifficultupbringing.

B.TosuggestGalton'stheorymaynotbecorrect.

C.TocomparehisexperiencewithGalton'sparents.

D.ToexplainwhyGaltonwasinterestedinbirthorder.

D

Photographyhasopenedoureyestoamultitudeofbeauties,thingsweliterallycouldnothav

eseenbeforetheinventionofthefrozenimage.Ithasgreatlyexpandedournotionofwhatis

beautiful,whatisaesthetically(審美

上)pleasing.Itemsformerlyconsideredtrivial,andnotworthanartist'spaint,havebeenreve

aledandhonoredbythephotograph:thingsasordinaryasafencepost,achair,avegetable.

Andastechnologyhasdeveloped,photographershaveexploredcompletelynewpointsofvie

w:thoseofthemicroscope,theeagle,thecosmos.

Whatisitthatdelightsthehumaneyeandallowsustoclaimthataphotographisbeautiful?P

hotographydependsonthetrinityoflight,composition,andmoment.Lightliterallymakesthe

recordingofanimagepossi