廣東省深圳市2020屆高一英語上學(xué)期期中試卷

深圳市2020屆高一英語上學(xué)期期中試卷第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALeviDraheim,11yearsold,and20otheryoungpeoplehaveaccused(控告）theUSgovernmentofencouragingtheclimatechange.Formorethanacentury,humanactivitieshavebeenincreasingtheamountofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Thathascausedahostofeffectsglobally,fromchangesinweathertoicemeltingatthepoles.LevilivesinSatelliteBeach,Fla.Heoncehadtoleavehishomebecauseofstrongstorms.Heavyrainsfloodedthetown’sstreets.Andhehadtroublebreathingduringredtides,whichcandevelopwhenharmfuloceanalgae(海藻）growoutofcontrol.Climatechangeismakingtheseeventsmorefrequent.Leviandhisfamilyalsohaveanotherclimate-change-relatedproblem.Sealevelisrising.“Ifclimatechangeworsens,theislandthatIliveonwillbegone,”heexplained.TheyoungpeoplesaytheUSgovernmentallowedtheuseoffossilfuels(礦物燃料).Burningthosefuelsgivesoffgreenhousegases,drivingclimatechange.Theyouthswantthegovernmenttosolvetheproblemofpollution.Sotheytookthegovernmenttocourtin2015.Thecasehashadseveralhold-ups.Inthebeginning,thegovernmentaskedthetrialcourt(初審法庭）torefusetoacceptthecase.Thecourtdidn’tdothat.ThentheyturnedtotheNinthCircuitCourtofAppeals.Thatcourtsaidthecasecouldgoahead,andtheSupremeCourtagreed.Bothsidesdidworktogetreadyfortrial.Butthegovernmentagaintriedtogetthecasethrownoutwithoutatrial.Finally,trialwassettostartonOctober29,2018.ButonOctober19,theUSSupremeCourtChiefJusticeJohnRobertstoldthetrialcourttoholdup.Theyouths5lawyersobjected.OnNovember2,theSupremeCourtfinallyagreedthatthetrialcouldgoforward.Rightnow,itishardtosaywhenthatwillhappen.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph1referto?A. Theincreasingamountofgreenhousegases.B. Thetimeofhumanactivities.C. Harmfuloceanalgae.D. Climatechange.2. Levithinksthatclimatechange______________.A. makeshisfamilypoorerB. islessvaluedbycommonpeopleC. willforcehisfamilytomoveagainD. isthedirectcauseofhissufferingsinlife3. AccordingtoLevi,theUSgovernment .A. shouldprovidepeoplewithplacestoliveduringstormsB. encouragehumanactivitiesdrivingclimatechangeC. shouldstopthegrowthoftheharmfuloceanalgaeD. failtoimprovepeople’slivingconditionsBItisoftendifficultforfarmerstorecognizediseasesquicklyenoughtoprotecttheircrops.Now,somefarmersareusingasimpledevice(裝置）directlyinthefieldtofindviruses(病毒）beforetheyspread.InTanzania,farmersstruggletorecognizediseasesinanurgentefforttoavoidgreatcropdamage.Thisprocessisoftennoteasywhenfarmersareactingontheirown.Iftheydonotknowwhatisattackingtheircrops,theycannotdecidethebestwaytofightthedisease.AdevicefromBritishtechnologycompanyOxfordNanoporeischangingthat.ThedevicetakesoutDNAfromplantsandhelpsfarmersrecognizewhatisharmingtheircropssothattheycanchangetomoreresistant(有抵抗力的）crops.LauraBoykinworkedwiththeUniversityofWesternAustraliaandbroughtthedevicetoaTanzanianfarmownedbyAshaMohamed.ThetestingrecognizedanumberofvirusesinthecassavafieldsnearMohamed’sfarm.“Sowhatwouldhavenormallytakensixmonthshasjusthappenedinacoupleofhours.Andthat’spossiblebecauseofamazingtechnology,whichcangivefannersresultsreal-time.”O(jiān)ncetheviruseswererecognized,AshaMohamedwasgiventwokindsofseedsthatareresistanttothediseases.Inanothercase,DNAwascollectedfromapawpawtreefarminKenya.Withthattest,thetechnologywasabletorecognizethediseasesaffectingNaomiMumo’scrops.LauraBoykinsaysshereturnedtoMohamed’sfarmninemonthslater.“Afterninemonthsofhergrowingtheimprovedcrops,weharvestedherplantsandshesawalargerise，inthetotalamountofcrops.”Thespeedatwhichfarmersrecognizediseasescanmeanthedifferencebetweenthesuccessorfailureonlargeareasofcropland.Now,theuseofsuchsimpleandeasilytransportableDNAsequencing(測序)devicesismakingthatpossible.4. AccordingtoParagraph1,whatproblemaresomefarmersfacedwith?A. Theyalwayssufferapoorharvest.B. Theyfailtofindhelpfuldoctors.C. Theyknowlittleaboutmodernfarmingtechnology.D. Theyhavedifficultyinrecognizingcropdiseasesquickly.5. WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicefromOxfordNanopore?A. ItwasdevelopedbyscientistsfromAustralia.B. Ithelpspreventthespreadofcropdiseases.C. ItrecognizescropdiseasesbytestingDNA.D. Itshouldbeusedwiththehelpofresearchers.6. Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A. DNAtechnologywinsgreatpopularityamongfarmers.B. DNAtechnologyhelpsfarmersrecognizecropdiseases.C. TheeconomicdevelopmentinTanzania.D. Thebenefitsofmodemfarming.CAccordingtoTimemagazine,thereareatleastfivemilliontonsofplasticintheocean.Certainseaanimalsoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish(水母）toeat,whichcankillthem.Fish，penguinsandotherbirdspeciesoftengetplasticchainsstuckontheirlegsornecks,slowlykillingthem.Thoughthere’snoquestionthatplasticproductshavebroughtgreatconveniencetoourlife,theydoharmtheworldwearelivingin.Luckily,therearenew,cleanproductsofallkindstoreplacethemall.Asweallknow,disposable(—次性的）plasticwaterbottlesarcnotonlywastefulbutalsoexpensive.Thisisasimpleproblemtosolve:westopproducingdisposableplasticbottlesandstartusingreusablewaterbottles.Butwhatcanwedowiththeplasticbottlesthathavealreadybeenmade?WecanfollowtheinstructionsfromthoseYouTubevideosandusethesematerialsthattake200yearstobreakdowntobuildhouses.Thatimmediatelysavesmoneyonbuildingandsavestrees.Toreplaceplasticbags,therearenewrecyclablebagsmadeofcassava,akindofrootvegetable.ThecompanythatmakesthemisinIndonesia,andtheymadethemtotrytosavethecountryfromdrowninginplastic.Anotherreplacementofplasticisreusableshoppingbags.They’restrongerthanplasticbags,sothere’snochanceofyourmilkfallingoutandbreakingontheroadasyouwalktoyourcar.Forthosethatcook,there’salsoareplacementforplasticwrap，Bee’swrap.Itcostsatleast$18forapackofthree,butbecausetheycanbereused,itstillsavesmoney.Thesearejustsomeofthemanychoicestheworldhasforreplacingplastic.Anycompanyintheworldcanmakeuseofthesemethodstocreateandsellenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts.Thepointisthatitispossibletoreplaceplastic.Plasticneedstobethrownawayonceandforall.Notonlyisitharmfultonearlyeveryaspectoftheenvironment,butitmakestheworldugly.7. WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A. Somebirdslikeeatingplastic.B. Mostplasticendsupinthesea.C. Seaanimalscanbedangerous.D. Plasticisharmfultoseaanimals.8. WhatcanweknowabouttheplasticbottlesfromParagraph3?A.Theyarehardtoreplace.B. Theycanbeusedasbuildingmaterials.C. Theycostlessthanthereusablebottles.D. TheyarehottopicsinYouTubevideos.9. Howmanykindsofcleanproductsarementionedinthetext?A.2 B.3 C.4D.510. What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthetext?A. Toshowpeopletheimportanceofprotectingseaanimals.B. Todrawpeople’sattentiontoacompanyinIndonesia.C. Toaskpeopletousefewerplasticproducts.D. Totellpeoplesomewaystosavemoney.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thefirstdayofschoolmarkstheendofsummer.11Youcanusetheschoolyearasatimetostartfreshwithnewclasses,newfriendships,andnewknowledge.Onceyou’reatschool，it’seasytohaveagoodfirstdayifyoufollowthesetips.Get1-2newoutfits(套服）towearduringthefirstweek.12Ifyourschooldoesn’trequireuniforms,keepanoutfitortwothatyoulike,orgetanewpairofshoestowearfortheyear.13Visitanofficesupplystoreorlocalsupermarkettobuypencils,notebooks,andothersuppliesthatyourschoolwantsyoutohave.Practiceaweekorsobeforethefirstday.Ifyouhavetime,pickadayandpretendthatit’syourfirstday.14Andthendoyourmorningroutine(日常事務(wù)).Headtoschooltoseehowlongitwilltakeyoutogetthere,andgotofindyourclassifyou’reableto.Adjust(調(diào)整）yoursleepschedule10-14daysbeforethefirstday.Trytogotobedatyournormal“schoolyear”bedtimeeverynight，startingabout2weeksbeforeclassesbegin.Youmayhavetroublefallingasleepatnight.15A. Buythesuppliesthatyou’11need.B. Gotobedearlyatnightandwakeupontime.C. Takeenoughsportssothatyoucanstayhealthy.D. Butitdoesn’thavetobetheendofyourfunfortheyear!E. Teenagersusuallyfeelnervousonthefirstdayatschool.F. Trytowakeupearliersothatyou’retiredearlierintheday.G. Havinganewoutfitforthefirstdaycanmakeyoufeelmoreconfident.第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。John’sfamilylosteverythingbecauseofafireandtheyhavebeenhelpedbytheirten-year-oldneighborgirl.Thegirltriedherbestto16alotofmoneyontheirbehalfthrough17home-madelemonade.HernameisKayleyCross,whowasaprimarystudentlivingupstairsinJ6hn’shouse.Thatdaywhenshegothomefromschool,shesmelledsomethingstrange.Shewas18whenshesawflamesdamagingthehome-ofherneighbor.Thefirestartedinthekitchenat7:00pmwhenJohnwaswatchingTVwithhisfamily.Theydidn’t19whathappeneduntilthefire20.Johnthen21withhiswifeandson.22,theywereallsafe.Buttheirpossessions(財(cái)產(chǎn))were23becauseofthisfire.Havingseenallthis,Kayleysatacrossfromthebuilding’sremainsandsold100cupsofhome-madelemonadeinreturnfordonations,raisingmorethan$1,000.Kayley’s24actionencouragedalotofpeopletodrivefromfarandwidetodonatecash.TheJohnswerevery25afterknowingaboutthisandwerefilledwith26.“Iknowthesituation27，”saidKayley.“Istoodonthefrontstepandwatchedthefiredestroyeverythingoftheirs,andIonlywanttohelpinsomeway.”Shehadalreadyplannedtoraisemoneyforahomelessdogshelter,28afterthefire,she29todonatethatmoneytotheJohnsinstead.“Ididn’texpectsomanypeopletodonatesomuchmoney,”saidtheyounggirl.KayleyCrosscollectedmorethan$1,000forherneighborswithhome-madelemonade.“Wesawallour30comeoutoftheirhomesand31usafterthefire,”saidMrs.John.“Thatspiritof32wasreflectedinyoungKayley,whoisa(n)33girl.It’sgoingtobe34forawhile，butnowwehaveovercomeallthedifficultieswiththe35ofthesekindpeoplewhohavecometogetherforusinsuchabigway.”16. A.findB.raiseC. spendD.borrow17. A.tasting B. buyingC.showing D. serving18. A.cheerful B. shockedC.angry D.confused19. A.admitB.regretC.noticeD.prefer20. A.weakened B.disappearedC.existed D. spread21. A.rushedout B. showedupC.gotalong D. felldown22. A.Luckily B. GenerallyC.Gradually D. Recently23. A.analyzed B. destroyedC.wasted D. stored24. A.necessary B. thoughtfulC.normal D. special25. A.moved B. frightenedC.curious D. upset26. A.sadness B. hopeC.wonder D. disappointment27. A.clearly B. partlyC.carefully D. hardly28. A.orB.andC.butD.because29. A.choseB.refusedC. failedD.hated30. A.relatives B. neighborsC.friends D. workers31. A.lookafter B. dealwithC.dependon D. hearfrom32. A.growth B. freedomC.independenceD. friendship33. A.wonderful B. crazyC.strange D. honest34. A.calmB.coolC. hardD.simple35. A.supportB.needsC. stressD.challenges非選擇題部分第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單訶)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thebestideaforfoodshoppingismakingalistofwhatyouneedor(36)____________(compare)pricesatdifferentstores.Althoughit’snotnecessarilyimportantforyou(37)____________(make)ashoppingroutine,youmayend(38)____________shoppingineitheragrocerystoreorasupermarket:Thenwhat’sthedifferencebetweengrocerystoresandsupermarkets?Therealdifferencebetweenthem(39)____________(come)downtoscale(規(guī)模)andspecificproducts.Grocerystoresarefilledwithfoodanddrinks,andmaybeasmallpartofhouseholditemsatmost.Supermarkets,however,haveamuch(40)____________(wide)rangeofthingsforsale,includingfoodanddrinks,clothing,babyitems,andsoon.(41)____________(general),“grocerystore”isdescribedasastorewhichsellsavarietyoffoodproducts.Anotherbigdifference,inearliertimes,was(42)____________agrocerystorewould,forthemostpart,gettheproductsforcustomers.However,inasupermarketcustomersfilledtheirbasketsorcartswiththeir(43)____________(choose).Thereareafewotherdifferencesbetweenthem.Supermarketsarealwayschainstores(44)____________grocerystoresarerunbyindividuals.However,it(45)____________(believe)thatthesetermscanbeinterchangeably(互換地）used.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，得知你的新西蘭朋友Emma最近因?yàn)閴毫Υ蠖榫w低落。請寫封郵件表達(dá)關(guān)心，內(nèi)容包括：1. 詢問原因；2. 提出建議（學(xué)習(xí)太極拳）；3. 期望好轉(zhuǎn)。注意：1. 詞數(shù)80左右；2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3. 稱呼和署名已'給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：太極拳TaichiDearEmma,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)概要寫作（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Treesusesunlighttoturnwaterandcarbondioxideintosugar.Thisiscalledphotosynthesis(光合作用).Whenit’sautumn,thosehardworkingtreesneedtotakeabreakfromphotosynthesizing.Then,theleaveschangecolorfromgreentoyellow,brightorange,orred.Leafcolorcomesfrompigments(色素)whicharenaturalthingsproducedbyleafcells.Thethreepigmentsthatcolorleavesare:chlorophyll,carotenoidandanthocyanin.Chlorophyllisthemostimportantof