全國職稱英語等級考試試題及答案-綜合類(B級)

2003年職稱英語考試綜合類（B級）試題及答案

標簽：職稱英語職稱英語真題職英歷年真題

時間：2年前閱讀：12215次

[1]試題

⑵答案

社交必備英語-免費課程每日發(fā)送

每日更新的英語單詞課程（外教講解）

第1部分：詞匯選項（第廣15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的

4個選項中選擇1個與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案?律涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

1Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

AforceBinfluenceCsurpriseDpower

2Canyoufollowtheplot?

AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand

3Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

AphysicalBmentalCnaturalDhard

4Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed

AresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent

5NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

AstatementsBbeliefsCsuggestionsDclaims

6Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

ASoBSolongCSothatDSofar

7Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

AsupposedBexcitedCsuggestedDdiscussed

8Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed

AThereforeBAfterwardsCHoweverDFurthermore

9Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

AviewBsightClookDpoint

10Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely

11Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDaccepted

12Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrongCkindDwild

13Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting

14Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing

AwasteBbuyCuseDsell

15Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，每題1分，共7分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該

句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上

把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑

APayRiseorNot?

“UnlessIgetarise,I'11haveatalkwiththeboss,HenryManley,〃GeorgeStrong

saidtohimself.Georgelikedhisjobandhelikedthetownhelivedin,buthis

wifekepttellinghimthathispaywasnotenoughtomeettheneedsofthefamily.

ThatwaswhyhewasthinkingoftakingajobinBirmingham,anearbycityabout50

milesaway.Hehadbeenofferedajobinafactorythere,andthepaywasfarbetter.

GeorgelivedinWyeford,amedium-sizedtown.Hereallylikedtheplaceanddidn't

liketheideaofmovingsomewhereelse,butifhetookthejobinBirmingham,he

wouldhavetomovehisfamilythere.

HenryManleywasthemanagerofasmallcompanymanufacturingelectricmotors.The

companywasindeeptroublebecause,amongotherreasons,theJapanesewereselling

suchthingsatverylowprices.Asaresult,Manleyhadtocuthisownpricesand

profitsaswell.Otherwisehewouldnotgetanyordersatall.Eventhen,orders

werestillnotcominginfastenough,sothattherewasnomoneyforraises（力口工

資）forhisworkers.Somehow,hehadtostrugglealongandkeephisbestworkers

aswell.Hesighed.Justthenthephonerang.

HissecretarytoldhimthatGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.

Manleysighedagain.Hecouldguesswhatitwasabout.GeorgeStrongwasaveryyoung

engineer.Thecompanyhadnofutureunlessitcouldattractandkeepmenlikehim.

Manleyrubbedhisforehead（前額）；hisproblemsseemedendless.

16HenryManleywasalreadydeeplyindebt.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

17ThejobthathadbeenofferedtoGeorgeStronginBirminghampaidbetter.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

18IfGeorgeStrongtookthejobinBirmingham,hewouldhavetoleavehisfamily

inWyeford.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

19HenryManley'scompanywasindeeptrouble.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

20HenryManley'scompanywasmakingenoughprofitstoraisetheworkers'wages.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

21HenryManleyhadnoideaatallwhyGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehim.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

22GeorgeStrongwasaverycreativeengineer.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為

第2,3,5和6段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；（2）第27'30題要求從所給的6個選項中選

擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

KeepingCutFlowers

1Whileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundhishouse,fewpeopleknowhow

tokeepthemforaslongaspossible.Thismaybedonebykeepinginmindafewsimple

facts.

2Animportantthingtorememberaboutcutflowersisthattheyaresensitiveto

temperature.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcutcarnations（康乃馨）retain

theirfreshnesseighttimeslongerwhenkeptat12oCthanwhenkeptat260c.Keeping

freshlyharvestedflowersattherighttemperaturesisprobablythemostimportant

aspectofflowercare.

3Flowersarenotintendedbynaturetoliveverylong.Theirbiologicalpurpose

issimplytoattractbirdsorinsects,suchasbees,forpollination（授粉）.After

that,theyquicklydryupanddie.Theprocessbywhichflowersconsumeoxygenand

producecarbondioxide（二氧化碳），calledrespiration（呼吸），generatestheenergy

theflowerneedstogivethefloweritsshapeandcolour.Themakingofseedsalso

dependsonthisenergy.Whilealllivingthingsrespire,flowershaveahighlevel

ofrespiration.Aresultofallthisrespirationisheat,andforflowersthelevel

ofheatrelativetothemassoftheflowerisveryhigh.Respirationalsobrings

abouttheeventualdeathoftheflower.Thusthegreaterthelevelofrespiration,

thesoonertheflowerdies.

4How,then,tocontroltherateatwhichflowersdie?Bycontrollingrespiration.

Howisrespirationcontrolled?Bycontrollingtemperature.Weknowthatrespiration

producesheat,butthereverseisalsotrue.Thusbymaintaininglowtemperatures,

respirationisreducedandthecutflowerwillagemoreslowly.

5Anothervitalfactorinkeepingcutflowersisthequalityofthewaterinwhich

theyareplaced.Flowersfinditdifficultto"drink"waterthatisdirtyorotherwise

polluted.Evenwhenwaterlooksandsmellsclean,italmostcertainlycontains

harmfulsubstancesthatcanendangertheflowers.Toridthewateroftheseunwanted

substances,householdchlorinebleach(含氯漂白劑J)canbeusedinsmallquantities.

Itisrecommendedthat15dropsofchlorinebleach(at4%solution)beaddedtoeach

litreofwater.Thewaterandsolutionshouldalsobereplacedeachday.

23Paragraph2___________________

24Paragraph3___________________

25Paragraph4___________________

26Paragraph5___________________

27Afewsimplefactswillhelpyoukeepcutflowers

28Respirationplaysakeyrole

29Theagingofcutflowerscanbesloweddown

30Anotherimportantwaytoprolongthelifeofcutflowersis

第4部分：閱讀理解（第3廣45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每

題所給的4個選項中選擇個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople—nottheirclothes,ideas,or

languages-haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwas

madefromtheseedsofthecocoatree（可可樹）bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanish

introducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.Andalthoughitwasvery

expensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinks

wereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPeru

toEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.Irelandbecamesodependentonitthat

thousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe"PotatoFamine（饑

荒）〃of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmove

toAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.

Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld'slargest

growerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmerican

countries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.Itwasfirstmadeinto

adrinkbyArabsduringthe1400's.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnamedKaldi

noticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetried

oneandexperiencedthe〃wide-awake〃feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld's

populationnowstartsthedaywith.

31Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthe

last500years?

AFood

BClothing

CIdeology

DLanguage

32〃some〃inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

Asomecocoatrees

Bsomechocolatedrinks.

Csomeshops

DsomeSouthAmericanIndians

33ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine"because

Atheyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse

BtheywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica

CtheweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes

Dthepotatoharvestwasbad

34Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

ABrazil

BColombia

CEthiopia

EEgypt

35WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Onethirdoftheworld，spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

第二篇Teachingpoetry

Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor"analyzed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudby

someone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingit

twice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesound

ofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthe

readingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation"ofit,suggesting

tone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorher

ownvoice,onrecordsoronfilm,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaids

toteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,

reciting（背誦）it.

Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmore

importantthan"analyzing'it,ifthereisn,ttimeforboth.Ithinkoneofourgoals

asteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis〃acriticismof

life”,and〃aheightening（提升）oflife”.Itis〃anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,

andit〃cansaveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguage

andliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon'tlike

itshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteach

poetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssound

aswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetry

aswellasthinkingaboutit.

36Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould

Adiscussitwithothers.

Banalyzeitbyoneself.

Ccopyitdowninanotebook

Dpractisereadingitaloud

37WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?

AExtendingyourlife.

BSavingyourlife.

CCriticizinglife.

DHeighteninglife.

38Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents

Atounderstandlife.

Btoenjoypoetry.

Ctobecometeachers.

Dtobecomepoets

39Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

AMorestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.

BPoetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

COnecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry

DPoetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses

40Thephrase"makeroom“inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A"buildabooth”

B〃provideequipment'".

C，zleaveacertainamountoftime”.

D'setasideenoughspace”.

第三篇〃Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeable

togrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecome

productiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity'sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,

havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrow

inwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnology

andBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesome

plantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,

startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10mhectares（公頃）ofagriculturalland

arelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨人導生長）plants.Theproblem

iscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（紅樹林）thatcreateswamps

（沼澤）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.Inthe

Mediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowing

seawatertoseep（滲透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhen

waterisevaporated（蒸發(fā)）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavy

concentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneed

tosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattake

inverylittleslatandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdonotaffectthe

plants，growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthesecharacteristicsintoanewrice

crop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvestsbeforetheresultingseedsareready

tobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowill

trytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthat

hasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneeded

foodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

41WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

ATheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

BTheyarericebreeders.

CTheyarehusbandandwife.

DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

42FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

43WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussedin

thepassage?

ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

Bthewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind

44Theword"affect"inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A“influence”

B"effect"

C"stop

D〃present”

45Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

Apositive

Bnegative.

Csuspicious

Dindifferent.

5部分：補全短文(第46~50題，每題2分，共10分)

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文

字，將其分別放回文章原來位置，以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

Likefinefood,goodwritingissomethingweapproachwithpleasureandenjoyfrom

thefirsttastetothelast.(46)Quitethecontrary,justasthecookhas

toundergoanintensivetraining,masteringtheskillsofhistrade,thewritermust

sitathisdeskanddevotelonghourstoachievingastyleinhiswriting,whatever

itspurpose-schoolwork,mattersofbusiness,orpurelysocial

communication.(47)

Therearestillsomeremoteplacesintheworldwhereyoumightfindsomeonetodo

yourbusinessorsocialwritingforyou,forafee.Thereareafewmangerswhoare

luckyenoughtohavetheserviceofthatrarekindofsecretarywhocantakecare

ofallsortsofletterwritingwithnomorethanaquicknotetowork

from.(48)

Wehavetowriteschoolpapers,businesspapersorhomepapers.Weareconstantly

calledontoputwordstopaper.Itwouldbedifficulttocountthenumberofsuch

words,messages,letters,andreportsputtothemailsordeliveredbyhand,but

thedailyfiguremustbeenormous.(49)Wewanttoarouseandholdthe

interestofreaders.Wewantwhateverwewritetoberead,fromfirstwordtolast,

notthrownintosome〃letters-to-be-read〃fileorintoawastepaper

basket.(50)

AButformostofus,ifthereisanywritingtobedone,wehavetodoitourselves.

BHowever,themanagersmaysometimescausethewritersalotoftrouble.

CAnygoodwriters,likegoodcooks,donotsuddenlyappearfull-blown(成熟的)

DWhatismore,everyonewhowritesexpects,oratleasthopes,thathiswriting

willberead.

EThisisthereasonwebendoureffortstowardlearningandpracticingtheskills

ofinteresting,effectivewriting.

FYoumaybesurethatthegreatertheeffort,themoreeffectivethewriting,and

themorerewarding.

第6部分：完形填空(第51~65題，每題1分，共15分)

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項同，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4

個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

TheAmericanFamily

IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking.

Whenthechildrenare(51)enough,theytakepartaswell.Foreignersare

oftensurprisedbythepermissiveness(寬容)ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat

“childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely(52),andchildren

areoftenallowedtodo(53)theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheir

parents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim(54)

question,andchildrenareencouragedtobe(55)atanearlyage.Some

peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom(56)far.

Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot(57)theAmerican

valuesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceof

independence,