高考英語閱讀理解專題技巧訓練試題

巧訓練作人：多莘創(chuàng)考察考生的閱讀理解才能、推理判斷才能和概括歸納才能。考察考生英語知識掌握和直接運用英語的才能。大意2、理解文中詳細信息3、根據(jù)上下文推測生詞的詞義4、做出簡單推理和判斷5、理解文章的根本構(gòu)造6、理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度樣，題材廣泛。體裁：有記敘文、說明文、議論文和應(yīng)用文等多種體裁。題材：內(nèi)容涉及到人物、故事、文化、社會、經(jīng)濟、廣告、新聞、科普等多種題材。2、語段大都貼近生活，實用性強，具有強烈的時代氣息。良好語感和英語文化修養(yǎng)。3、題型多變，設(shè)問角度新穎。新穎，文字流暢平易。細細節(jié)理解202156,57,58,62,63,69,74,75推斷57,60,73,7559,61,64,65,67,72,7367,68,7266,70推測詞義61,63,69,觀點意圖閱讀技巧主旨大意達的核心內(nèi)容，也是作者在文章中自始至終要說明的問題。1、What’sthestorymainlyabout?2、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?3、Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?4、Whatistheauthor’smainpurpose?5、Whattopicisdiscussedinthepassage?6、Thebesttitleofthispassageis_________.7、Thepassagemainlytellsus/dealswith___________.解答閱讀理解主旨題的方法：要擅長捕捉主題句、關(guān)鍵詞信息。主題句的位置：首句，文中或者末尾。例1:Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretotheiractions.Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem.Withmedicalhelptheymaybecomenormalcitizensagain.Thethingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue.Theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthem.Whatisthetitleofthepassage?A.YoungthievesB.ReasonsforstealingC.AnunusualillnessD.Anormalchild’sactionsfromalossofphysicalabilitiesareoftenforcedtogiveuplivingalone.Theymustleavetheirhomesanddependonsomeoneelsetogivethemaplacetoliveinandtotakecareoftheirphysicalneeds;theymusteitherlivewithrelativesorliveinhomesfortheaged.Thislossofindependenceisamajorproblemfortheaged.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?A.OldpeopleintheUSwhoarepoororsickcannotlivealone.B.BeingunabletolivealoneisaseriousproblemforoldpeopleintheUS.sfortheaged.D.IntheUS,oldpeoplewhoarepoororsickareforcedtoliveinhomesfortheaged.例3:What'sthebestwayforyou,asanemployer,todeliverbadnewstoanemployee?Firstofall,youhavetobreakthenewsyourself,facetofacewiththeedandsympathizewiththem.Ifyouindicatethatyouarereadytolistentotheirreactionstoyourbadnews,youwillundoubtedlysaveyourselffromtheirwrath.Aboveall,youmustbereadyforanemotionalreactionfromtherecipientofbadfeel.Althoughitisnevereasytobreakbadnews,ifyoufollowthesesteps,youwillatleastsoftentheblow.①Theauthor'smainideaisthat_______.A.badnewsishardtoimpartB.allemployershavetocriticizetheiremployeesC.therearewaysofsofteningtheimpactofbadnewsD.peoplerespondemotionallytobadnews②Theauthor'smainideaisexpressed________.A.inthefirstsentenceB.inthelastsentenceC.inthemiddleoftheparagraphD.nowhere③Theauthor'smainideaissupportedby________.A.examplesofemployersgivingbadnewsB.alistofreasonsforhavinggobreakbadnewsC.sympathyforboththeemployerandemployeeD.instructionsonhowtosoftentheblowofbadnews從詳細的細節(jié)闡述中提挈出要點，概括出文章的中心。rgoodmove.IknowthatIshouldhavebeatenitforthesakeofmankind,butIjustcouldn’twin,〞heannouncedandshookhisheadsadly.someofwhomwereupsetthattheyshoutedatthemachine.Manychessplayerssaidthatthismeanttheendofchampionshipsaroundtheworld,sincethefunhadbeentakenoutofthegame.Thecomputerwalked,orrather,rolledawaywith5,000dollarsinprizemoneyandlimiteditsmarkstoasetofnoisesandlights.Whichofthefollowingbestgivesthemainidesofthisnewspaperarticle?A.5,000dollarsgoestoacomputer!B.Newinvention:alaughingcomputer!C.World’sbestchessplayerbeaten!D.Computerdefeatsmaninchess!例2:Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace.Theone.Knowingyouownpsychologicalspaceneedsisimportantbecausetheystronglyaffectyouchoices,including,forexample,thenumberofbedroomsinthehome.Ifyouwerebroughtupinatwo-childfamilyandbothyouandyoursisterorbrotherhadyourownbedrooms,thechancesare,ifyouhavetwochildrenormore,thatyoualsowillofferseparatebedroomsforthem.InAmerica,forexample,theytrainentheyarebabies.Thisisveryrareintheworld.Inmanyothercountries,thebabysleepsinthesamebedwithhisparentsorinbednearthem.Thespaceinthehomealsoshowsalotaboutpsychologicalspaceneeds.Somefamiliesgatherclosertoeachotherandthesizeoftheirhousehasnothingtodowithit.Othershaveseparatelittlecornerswherefamilymembersgotobealone.Althoughitistruethatpsychologicalspaceneedsarenotdecidedbyeconomicreasons,theysometimeshavetobechangedalittlebecauseofeconomicpressures.Itisalmostimpossible,however,tocompletelychangeyourpsychologicalspaceneeds.Thebesttitleforthepassageis___________________.A.AmericanWayofLivingB.PsychologicalSpaceC.SpaceNeedsinDifferentcountriesD.PsychologicalSpaceandEconomicPressurelonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmedhandstoeachThispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorThisparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.whereshakinghandswasfirstpracticedB.howhandshakingcameaboutC.abouttherelationshipbetweenhandshakingandtradeD.aboutthepracticeofhandshakingbothinEuropeandinChina【參考答案】答案是：C該段的第一句話“Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.〞為主題句，后面的句子是闡述主題句的詳細內(nèi)容。B容的總結(jié)。例3:解析：這是一篇說明文，作者一開場先提出了問題：“作為雇主，如何才能以最恰當?shù)姆绞较蚰愕膯T工發(fā)布不好的消息？〞，然后分步驟從不同的方面和角度展開了闡述，最后得出理解決這一問題的方法。容易的，但假如按照這些步驟去做，至少可以減輕壞消息對人們的打擊。〞選項A、B、D表述的內(nèi)容與問題不符。②答案是：B從本文的構(gòu)造看，首句是作者提出的問題，故A項不符合題意。中間局C心，③答案是：DD項所表述的內(nèi)容是，“對如何減輕壞消息的打擊所作的闡述〞，與本選項D為正確答案。而選項A、B、C在文中并沒有提及，與此題不符。2、提綱挈領(lǐng)法或者綜合概括法：主題的例證，不能概括文章的主旨；只有D才是本條新聞要說明的主要內(nèi)容。B決于心理空間需求的問題。如第一段所描繪Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingpace第二段進一步闡述心理空間所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。第三段作者談到經(jīng)濟壓力會使你的心理空間帶來一點點改變，但最后作者強調(diào)：Itisalmostimpossible,however,tocompletelychangeyourpsychologicalspaceneeds.們可以看出，選項B是對全文的提煉、概括，是全文的中心論點?！灸M試題】Aintheworldwhohadn’tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymhyandatonlinereadyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwith“BuyItNow〞andhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouareprepareditgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldlikeyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.thisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends’adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,startingonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.partofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Checkthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtomakepaymentonline.B.Waysofmakingdeliveryonline.C.Advantagesofanonline-auctionsystem.D.Howtouseanonline-auctionsystem.B“Iwasonthewaytoapersonal-injuryaccidentinWestNashville.AsIgotFirebirdthatsuddenlyseemedtotakeoffquicklydownthehighway.ThedriverHewasgoingmorethanahundredmilesanhourandbeganpassingcarsontheshoulder.〞ButHydecouldn’tgoafterhim.Takingcareofinjuredpeopleisalwaysmoreimportantthanworryingaboutspeeders,sotheofficerhadtostayonhiswaytonearbyunitwouldbeabletostepinandstopthespeedingcar.Asitturnedout,keepingtheFirebirdinsightwasnotthatdifficult.EveryturnthePontiacmadewastheveryturntheofficerneededtogettotheaccidentscene.hefoundanotherunithadalreadyarrivedattheaccidentscene.Hishelpwasn’thaddevelopedsomethingnewtopanicabout.withbluesmokeandoilgoingeverywhere.He’sblownhisengine.Nowhehadto“AfterIarrestedhim,Iaskedhimwhyhewasrunning.Hetoldmehedidn’tThataccidentcostthedriveroftheFirebirdplenty––athousanddollarsforthenewengine––nottomentionthechargesfordrivingwithoutalicense,attemptingtorunaway,anddangerousdriving.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthearticle?A.LosingHisWay?C.FunAlltheWay?B.GoingMyWay?D.HelpontheWay?CItwasawarmAprildaywhenabigfatenvelopecameinthemailfromtheonlycollegeIhadeverimaginedattending.Itoreopenthepacket.Myeyeswerefixedontheword“congratulations〞.Idon’tremembereversmilingsowide.––animpossiblesum!HowcouldIaffordtoattend?WhatgoodreasonsdidIhavetogotherewhenthreeotherfinecollegeswereofferingmefreetuition?MyotherInmymind,attendingmydreamuniversitywouldbetheonlywaytorealizemymethateventhoughitwouldbeafinancialproblem,IcouldgowheneverIwouldbehappiest.ButasIwasalwayscarefulwithmoney,Iwasn’tsurewhattodo.Oneoftheschoolsthatofferedmeafullridehadaninformationaldinneroneeatfreefood,listenquietly.ButIsurprisedmyself.sHealsomadeitperfectlyclearthatfreefoodwouldbeofferetallfutureevents.Hecontinuedwithexplanationsofprofessors,classsizes,activities,andsportingeventsoncampus.Ashespoke,Ibegantorealizethatthisschool,thoughnotasgoodasmyfirstchoice,nighthethebestoneforme.Itseemedsmallyetwithmanygreatprograms.Itseemedchallengingyetcaring.AsIwalkedoutofthatdoor,afeelingofcomfortwashedoverme.Lookingatthecampusthatnight,IrealizedthatIwouldbespendingthenextfouryearsrightthere.Inallhonesty,myuniversityisnotaswell-knownasmy“dream〞university.However,itturnedouttobetherightchoiceofschoolsforme.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttosay?A.Yoursecond-choicecollegemayactuallybeyourbestfit.B.Youshouldconsidercomfortinyourchoiceofschools.C.Youshouldtryyourbesttoattendyourdreamschool.D.Youchoiceofschoolsshouldbebasedontheirfame.Dsunlight.Theydimimmediatelywhenit’ssunnyandbrightenwhenapassncloudblocksthesun.AwallofwindowsataUniversityofPennsylvaniaengineeringbuildinghasbuilt-inblinds〔百葉窗〕controlledbyacomputerprogramthatfollowsthesun’spath.isexpectedtodoevenmore.Windowscouldcatchthesun’senergytoheatwater.Sensorsthatmeasurethecarbondioxidebreathedoutbypeopleinaroomcoulddeterminewhethertheairconditioningneedstobeturnedup.arenowbeinginawaveofbuildingsdesignedtosaveasmuchenergyaspossible.coatingforwindowsthatlotslightin,butkeepsheatout.Astechnologiessuchassensorsbecomecheaper,theirusesspread.inNewYork,useasystemthatgroupspeopletravelingtonearbyfloorsintothethentellthemwhichelevatortouse.Thebuildingalsohaswindowswithacoatingthatblocksheatwhilelettinginlight.Morenewbuildingmaterialsandtechnologyareindevelopment.APhiladelphiabuildingfirmisnowworkingon“smartwrap〞thatusestinysolarcollectorstoit.Theyareexpectedtochangethefaceoftheconstructionindustryinthenexttenyearsorso.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.BuildingsAreBecomingSmarterB.BuildingsAreGettingMoreSunlightC.BuildingsAreLackinginMuchEnergyD.BuildingsAreUsingCheaperMaterialsEIn1901.H.G.Wells,anEnglishwriter,wroteabookdescribingatriptothe“areyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon’tevenuseyourinnerspace?〞H.G.Wellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothoon.In1969,humanbeingsreallymoon.However,thequestionthatthe“moonpeople〞askedisstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.sInsomecities,suchasTokyo,SeoulandMontreal,therearelargeundergroundnowcomplete.Butwhataboutundergroundcities?Japan’sTaiseiCorporationisdesigningagsurfacespaceforpublicparksandusingundergroundspaceforflats,offices,Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearth’sspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,andwilderness.H.G.Wells’monpeople’wouldagree.Wouldyou?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AliceCities-citiesofthefutureB.SpacetravelwithH.G.WellsC.EnjoylivingundergroundD.Buildingdown,notupWhatdoestheunderlinedword“it〞〔paragraph2〕referto?A.Discoveringthemoon’sinnerspace.B.Usingtheearth’sinnerspace.C.Meetingthe“noonpeople〞again.D.Travelingtoouterspace.FLONDON〔Reuters〕Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.Thatiswhat26-year-oldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood.Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andtheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?MarketresearhowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirampleWhatisthebesttitleforthisnewsstory?A.Organicfood-healthy,orjustforthewealthy?B.ThemarkingoforganicfoodinBritain.C.Organicfood-toimportornot?D.Goodqualitiesoforganicfood.Geetodothosecommercials.〞stillwon’tletanyoneseehisfeet,whichareoutofshapebecauseheneverhad〔收養(yǎng)〕asababybyRexandAulevaThornasofKalamazooinMichigan.AfterAulevadiedwhenhewas5,ThomasspentyearsontheroadasRextraveledaroundseekingatme.〞Buthehadsomethingmuchbetterinmind.“IthoughtifIownedarestaurant.〞hesaid,“Icouldeatforfree.〞A1956meetingwithHarlandSandersled.ThomastoacancerasthemanagerofaKentuckyFriedChickenrestaurantthatmadehimamillionairein1968.In1969,afterbreakingwithSanders,ThomasstartedthefirstWendy’sOldFashionedHamburgers,inColumbus,Ohio,whichsetitselfapartbyservingmade-to-orderburgers.With6,000restaurantsworldwide,thechainnowmakes$6billionayearinsales.Althoughtroubledbyhisownexperiencewithadoption.Thomas,marriedsince1954toLorraine,66,andwithfourgrownkidsbesidesWendy,feltitcouldofferAdoptionin1992.In1993,Thomas,whohadle